Effects of systematic cardiac rehabilitation training in elderly patients with unstable angina following cardiac stent implantation

BACKGROUND Coronary stent implantation is usually used to treat unstable angina to alleviate stenosis or occlusion,promoting blood flow restoration and alleviating symptoms such as myocardial ischemia.And postoperative cardiac rehabilitation is essential for enhancing recovery and prognosis.Nevertheless,conventional rehabilitation lacks specificity,particularly for elderly patients with multiple comorbidities and poor compliance,rendering it less effective.AIM To investigate the effects of systematic cardiac rehabilitation training in elderly patients with unstable angina following coronary stenting intervention.METHODS A retrospective enrollment was conducted comprising fifty-four elderly patients with unstable angina pectoris who underwent systematic cardiac rehabilitation training after receiving coronary intervention as the rehabilitation group,while fifty-three elderly patients who received basic nursing and rehabilitation guidance measures after coronary intervention were assigned to the control group.Differences in Seattle Angina Questionnaire scores,survival quality(SF-36)scores,cardiopulmonary exercise function assessment index,echocardiographic cardiac function index,and adverse cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups.RESULTS After intervention,the rehabilitation group observed greater VO2 Max,maximum metabolic equivalent,eft ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and smaller left ventricular end-systolic diameter.And the rehabilitation group observed greater scores of physical activity limitation,stable angina pectoris,treatment satisfaction,and SF-36 score.The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in the two groups,showed no significant difference.CONCLUSION Systematic cardiac rehabilitation following coronary stenting in elderly patients with unstable angina pectoris can enhance cardiac function recovery,consequently enhancing both quality of life and cardiopulmonary exercise tolerance.

Virtual reality tools for training in gastrointestinal endoscopy:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Virtual reality(VR)has emerged as an innovative technology in endoscopy training,providing a simulated environment that closely resembles real-life scenarios and offering trainees a valuable platform to acquire and enhance their endoscopic skills.This systematic review will critically evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of VR-based training compared to traditional methods.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of VR-based training compared to traditional methods.By examining the current state of the field,this review seeks to identify gaps,challenges,and opportunities for further research and implementation of VR in endoscopic training.METHODS The study is a systematic review,following the guidelines for reporting systematic reviews set out by the PRISMA statement.A comprehensive search command was designed and implemented and run in September 2023 to identify relevant studies available,from electronic databases such as PubMed,Scopus,Cochrane,and Google Scholar.The results were systematically reviewed.RESULTS Sixteen articles were included in the final analysis.The total number of participants was 523.Five studies focused on both upper endoscopy and colonoscopy training,two on upper endoscopy training only,eight on colonoscopy training only,and one on sigmoidoscopy training only.Gastrointestinal Mentor virtual endoscopy simulator was commonly used.Fifteen reported positive results,indicating that VR-based training was feasible and acceptable for endoscopy learners.VR technology helped the trainees enhance their skills in manipulating the endoscope,reducing the procedure time or increasing the technical accuracy,in VR scenarios and real patients.Some studies show that the patient discomfort level decreased significantly.However,some studies show there were no significant differences in patient discomfort and pain scores between VR group and other groups.CONCLUSION VR training is effective for endoscopy training.There are several well-designed randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes,proving the potential of this innovative tool.Thus,VR should be more widely adopted in endoscopy training.Furthermore,combining VR training with conventional methods could be a promising approach that should be implemented in training.

Effects of Early-stage Phased Rehabilitation Training on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

[Objectives]To systematically evaluate the effects of early-stage phased rehabilitation training on the oxygenation index,ICU length of stay,duration of mechanical ventilation,and occurrence of complications(ventilator-associated pneumonia,pressure ulcers,delirium)in ARDS patients,thus contributing evidence for the clinical application of early-stage phased rehabilitation training.[Methods]The China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,and other databases were searched.Literature screening,data extraction,and systematic analysis of the included studies were performed using Revman software.[Results]Thirteen randomized controlled trials involving a total of 860 patients were included in this review.The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared to the traditional rehabilitation training group,the early-stage phased rehabilitation training group demonstrated a significant increase in the oxygenation index of ARDS patients[SMD=1.18,95%CI(1.01,1.35),P<0.01],with statistically significant differences.Furthermore,there were significant reductions in ICU length of stay[SMD=-0.70,95%CI(-0.90,-0.50),P<0.01],duration of mechanical ventilation[SMD=-1.15,95%CI(-1.36,-0.94),P<0.01],and occurrence of complications[OR=0.16,95%CI(0.10,0.26),P<0.01],all of which were statistically significant.[Conclusions]Early-stage phased pulmonary rehabilitation training for ARDS patients effectively improves the oxygenation index,shortens ICU length of stay and duration of mechanical ventilation,and reduces complications.These findings support the clinical application and promotion of early-stage phased rehabilitation training.

Analysis of the Effect of Systematic Pre-Job Training for Nurses in Isolation Wards during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Objective: To explore the effect of systematic pre-job training for isolation ward nurses during the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Establish a pre-job training program for the isolation ward for COVID-19, standardize the content of theoretical and skill training, formulate training SOPs, and conduct training for the nurses using online teaching assessment, video teaching, on-site scenario simulation operation drills, as well as real-time protection guidance and supervision. 60 nurses from non-infectious departments temporarily selected by the hospital were trained;the theoretical knowledge scores, quarantine techniques, and nursing quality of nurses before and after the training were compared, and the effect of the intervention was evaluated. Results: The scores of the COVID-19 protection theory test were 81.17 ± 8.46 after the nurses were trained for 3 days. The pass rates of hand hygiene compliance tests and protective clothing putting-on and taking-off practices were 96.67% and 100%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the scores of the COVID-19 protection theory test for the nurses that were trained for 3 days and the scores for the nurses originally at the quarantine zone (81.59 ± 7.59, P > 0.05). The pass rate of hand hygiene compliance and the pass rate of protective clothing putting-on and taking-off practices were significantly improved compared with those before training (81.67% and 56.67% respectively, P < 0.001). The scores of the COVID-19 protection theory test at 30 days of training were 95.67 ± 5.89, which were significantly higher than those at 3 days of training (P < 0.001). The qualified rate of disinfection and quarantine in the first month for the trained nurses entering the isolation ward was 89.47%;compared with that for the nurses originally in the isolation wards (94.7%), there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The comprehensive nursing ability scores of bedside nurses in the first month of training were 80.14 ± 5.63, which were lower than those of nurses originally in the isolation wards (86.88 ± 4.53, P Conclusion: Systematic pre-job training for nurses in isolation wards can help improve nurses’ knowledge of the COVID-19, self-protection awareness, and protection skills, and can quickly train nurses who are competent for work in isolation wards. It is an important guarantee of “zero infection” for medical staff, and it can quickly and effectively help medical institutions respond to the COVID-19 pandemic in an emergency.

Systematic Approach to Training for Design of Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning Training in South Korea

In 1979, unavailability of MFWS （Main Feedwater System） in TMI （Three Mile Island） Unit-2 happened in the United States. To make it worse, due to malfunction of Isolation Control Valves in AFWS （Auxiliary Feedwater System）, the supply of cooling water to SGs （Steam Generators） was delayed approximately 8 minutes compared to AOP （Abnormal Operating Procedure）. In the long run, on account of deferred heat sink provision to SGs, the reactor core was melted partially. It was the first critical accident in the US commercial NPP （Nuclear Power Plant） history. Hence, after TMI Accident, US NRC （Nuclear Regulatory Committee） suggested more than one hundred alternatives to improve safety and reliability of NPP. Among these countermeasures, one proposal was related to training area. It was SAT （Systematic Approach to Training） methodology. Therefore, the goal of SAT is the enhancement of NPP stability through training point of view. Since the appearance of SAT in the nuclear industry, it has acquired the unwavering position in the US NPP training field. Meanwhile, significance of NPP decommissioning has been soared up in South Korea since the announcement of Kori Unit-1 decommissioning decision. According to the proclaimed plan from Korean government, Kori Unit-1 is scheduled to be decommissioned from June, 2017. Under this circumstance, nurturing sufficient number of NPP decommissioning engineers is one of the most urgent issues in South Korean nuclear industry. Hence, to elevate efficiency and consistency of training quality, SAT methodology can be a reliable solution for the training of decommissioning engineers. For this reason, the present study aims to design SAT based NPP decommissioning engineer training in South Korea.

The Impact of On-the-job Training on Job Mobility of Migrant Workers in China

The effect of on-the-job training on job mobility is an important topic in labor economics.Based on a sample survey data of migrant workers in Liaoning Province China,this paper has statistically described job mobility of migrant workers and then used a multinomial Logistic model to analyze the effect of on-the-job training on job mobility.We found,firstly,migrant workers have high-level job mobility;secondly,inter-firm/city occupational mobility is the major type of migrant workers’mobility,and then followed by the inter-firm mobility and inter-regional mobility that without occupation change;thirdly,on-the-job training has a significant impending effect on interregional mobility and occupational mobility,while has insignificant effect on inter-firm mobility.

Design and Development an Interactive On-the-Job Training Monitoring and Help Desk System with SMS for College of Information and Communication Technology

This study aimed to develop An Interactive On-the-Job Training Monitoring and Help Desk System with SMS for the College of Information and Communication Technology Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology. The system made the OJT course procedure trouble-free by emerging a system accessible through the internet. Students have a user account, which gives them the aptitude to upload document files of their reports, thereby minimizing the time and energy spent traveling from the company’s location to the university and the other way around. Similarly, the OJT coordinators of the college are given their accounts to access and check the reports submitted by the students. The system is capable of generating reports and requirements in real-time, as long as all data is stored within the database and, therefore, the process is completed online. In addition, the system provides an interactive website that might help both students and coordinators to communicate instantaneously by having an online help desk where the students can ask related questions on their OJT course that the OJT coordinator and other students will answer. The coordinators can send a brief message service to the students enrolled within the OJT course through the utilization of the proposed system - this can be for the students who aren’t capable of opening their account more often, in order that they are still informed of the announcements they need to understand immediately. The interactive OJT help desk system with SMS can be used as a tool to help the students of the College of Information and Communication Technology (CICT) and the OJT coordinators in their tasks more conveniently.

The Effect of Exercise Therapy on Physical Function, Biochemistry and Dialysis Adequacy in Haemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background:Patients undergoing dialysis have high mortality rates and a unique risk factor profile. Some improvements elicited by exercise training have been shown in dialysis populations, here we aimed to further explore the bene-fits of exercise. As well as changes in physical fitness we quantified cardiac function, depression, serum biochemistry, dialysis adequacy and energy intake following exercise training in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undertaking dialysis. Methods:A systematic literature search was completed in December 2012 identifying randomized, controlled trials of exercise training studies in haemodialysis (HD) patients. A subsequent meta-analysis was conducted.Results: Twenty four studies were included, totalling 879 patients. Exercise training produced significant improvements in physical fitness: peak VO2 5.03 mlO2·kg-1·min-1 (95% CI 3.73, 6.33, p 0.0001), Knee extensor strength 2.99 kg (95% CI 0.46, 5.52, p = 0.02) and 6 minute walk distance 60.7 metres (95% CI 18.9, 103, p = 0.004). Significant increases in energy intake MD 238 Kcal·day-1 (95% CI 94, 383, p = 0.001), serum Interleukin-6 MD-0.58 pg·ml-1 (95% CI-1.01, -0.15, p = 0.008) and Creactive protein MD 0.92 mg/L-1 (95% CI 0.29, 1.56, p = 0.004), but not Albumin or BMI, were reported. Improved Beck Depression scores were reported MD-6.9 (95% CI-9.7,-4.1, p 0.00001). Dialysis adequacy was reduced MD-0.23 (95% CI -0.29, -0.17, p 0.00001), while serum potassium was higher MD 0.14 mmol·L-1 (95% CI 0.01, 0.27, p = 0.04). Moreover exercise training appeared safe, with no direct exercise-associated deaths in over 30,000 patient-hours. Conclusions: Our pooled analyses confirmed improvements in physical fitness following exercise training and suggested additional improvements in dialysis efficiency (kt/v), serum potassium, inflammation and depression in HD patients.

Perioperative respiratory muscle training improves respiratory muscle strength and physical activity of patients receiving lung surgery:A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND The clinical role of perioperative respiratory muscle training(RMT),including inspiratory muscle training(IMT)and expiratory muscle training(EMT)in patients undergoing pulmonary surgery remains unclear up to now.AIM To evaluate whether perioperative RMT is effective in improving postoperative outcomes such as the respiratory muscle strength and physical activity level of patients receiving lung surgery.METHODS The PubMed,EMBASE(via OVID),Web of Science,Cochrane Library and Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro)were systematically searched to obtain eligible randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Primary outcome was postoperative respiratory muscle strength expressed as the maximal inspiratory pressure(MIP)and maximal expiratory pressure(MEP).Secondary outcomes were physical activity,exercise capacity,including the 6-min walking distance and peak oxygen consumption during the cardio-pulmonary exercise test,pulmonary function and the quality of life.RESULTS Seven studies involving 240 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis.Among them,four studies focused on IMT and the other three studies focused on RMT,one of which included IMT,EMT and also combined RMT(IMT-EMT-RMT).Three studies applied the intervention postoperative,one study preoperative and the other three studies included both pre-and postoperative training.For primary outcomes,the pooled results indicated that perioperative RMT improved the postoperative MIP(mean=8.13 cmH_(2)O,95%CI:1.31 to 14.95,P=0.02)and tended to increase MEP(mean=13.51 cmH_(2)O,95%CI:-4.47 to 31.48,P=0.14).For secondary outcomes,perioperative RMT enhanced postoperative physical activity significantly(P=0.006)and a trend of improved postoperative pulmonary function was observed.CONCLUSION Perioperative RMT enhanced postoperative respiratory muscle strength and physical activity level of patients receiving lung surgery.However,RCTs with large samples are needed to evaluate effects of perioperative RMT on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing lung surgery.

Comparing the effects of dual-task training and single-task training on walking,balance and cognitive functions in individuals with Parkinson’s disease:A systematic review

Background:This systematic review aimed to examine whether dual-task(DT)training was superior to single-task(ST)training in improving DT walking,balance and cognitive functions for individuals with Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:Literature search was performed in the following electronic databases:PubMed,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and Metstr covering inception to May 10,2023.And in order to facilitate comparison across trials,we calculated the effect size(Hedges’g)of gait,balance,cognitive,and other parameters under both ST and DT conditions,using the mean change score and standard deviation(SD)of change score of the experimental and control groups.Randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of DT motor and cognitive training in individuals with Parkinson’s disease were included for this systematic review.Results:A total of 214 participants recruited from six articles(actually five trials)were involved in this review.In terms of walking ability,only double support time and stride time variability showed significant between-group difference(Hedges’g=0.34,0.18,respectively).Compared to ST training group,DT training group had a more improvement effect in laboratory balance measurement(Hedges’g=0.18,1.25),but no significant improvement in clinical balance measurement.No significant between-group differences were observed,thus its training effect on cognitive function was inconclusive.Conclusions:The DT training failed to achieve promising results better than ST training in improving DT walking and balance functions for individuals with PD.Any firm conclusion cannot be drawn at present,due to the limited number of eligible publications.Larger sample size and high-quality studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness of DT training in individuals with PD.

Investigating the future study area on VR technology implementation in safety training: A systematic literature review

Safety training is the exercise normally conducted for all the current and future employees of a company to identify and recognize occupational hazards and diseases as well as determine the appropriate controlling methods.Moreover,virtual reality(VR)is a technology developed to virtually simulate the surrounding envi-ronment to ensure immersive experience and interaction through artificial three-dimensional(3D)platforms.VR devices have been developed to be more compact,easy to use,and affordable to enable people to enjoy immersive virtual experiences and provide interactive and realistic content.This has made technology one of the most popular forms of media for different kinds of training,such as safety-related ones.Therefore,this study aimed to review the use of VR in safety training through the systematic literature review(SLR)method.The process focused on developing 4 primary questions(PQs)classified into 11 systematic research questions(SRQs)for discussion points concerning current developments in VR technology applications.These were further combined with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses(PRISMA)flow diagrams in selecting the relevant literature.The questions were also used to investigate the scenarios,methods,objectives,and outcomes of previous studies.The results showed the need for further studies on the application of VR technology in safety training in other fields such as firefighting,chemical industry,maritime,etc.Furthermore,several scenarios such as construction design,disaster response,rescue procedures,and others need to be included.This study also provides information on the gaps for future study,including the exploration of a broader range of industries and VR scenarios.

Comparison of blood flow restriction training and conventional resistance training for the improvement of sarcopenia in the older adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Age-related sarcopenia places a tremendous burden on healthcare providers and patients'families.Blood flow restriction(BFR)training may be a promising treatment to bring sarcopenia down,and it offers numerous advantages over traditional resistance training.The purpose of this review was to compare the effects of BFR training and conventional resistance training on clinically delayed sarcopenia in the elderly.Databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and Science Direct were searched to identify eligible studies;blinded data extraction was performed to assess study quality,and conflicts were submitted to third parties.Someone made the decision.One author used Review Manager(RevMan)5.4 and compared it with data obtained by another author for this purpose.A total of 14 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review.The funnel plots of the studies did not show any substantial publication bias.Low-load blood flow restriction(LL-BFR)had no significant effect on muscle mass compared with high-load resistance training(HL-RT)(p=0.74,SMD=0.07,95%CI:0.33 to 0.46)and LL-BFR had a significant effect on muscle strength compared with HL-RT(p=0.03,Z=2.16,SMD=-0.34,95%CI:0.65 to-0.03).LL-BFR showed a slight effect on mass compared to LL-RT(p=0.26,SMD=0.25,95%CI:0.19 to 0.69).Sensitivity analysis produced a nonsignificant change,suggesting that the results of this study are reasonable.In conclusion,the data suggest the possibility that BFR training improves age-related sarcopenia.

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Training in Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: Effects on Functionality, Strength, and Balance

Research Background: Stroke rehabilitation is essential for improving patient outcomes, with a focus on restoring functionality, strength, and mobility. Aerobic (TAE) and anaerobic (TAN) training have demonstrated varying impacts on post-stroke recovery. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of TAE and TAN on post-stroke rehabilitation outcomes, including functionality, walking improvement, strength, balance, and cardiorespiratory capacity. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed and PEDro databases, covering studies from January 2014 to May 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the impact of TAE and TAN on the specified outcomes were included. The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines, and independent reviewers extracted relevant data on participant characteristics, interventions, and outcomes. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the PEDro scale, and the risk of bias was analyzed. Results: Data synthesis revealed that TAN was more effective in improving performance in the 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), while TAE demonstrated superior results in the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and the Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index (Barthel ADL). Both training modalities showed significant improvements in the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) for cardiorespiratory capacity, with TAN exhibiting a slightly higher mean difference. Surprisingly, strength gains, assessed by Maximal Isometric Strength (MaxIS), were higher in the TAE group. Conclusions: Both TAE and TAN contribute to post-stroke recovery, with TAN excelling in walking and balance improvements, and TAE showing advantages in functional mobility and strength. The findings support personalized rehabilitation strategies that incorporate both aerobic and anaerobic training to optimize patient outcomes.

系统化快速康复训练在老年股骨颈骨折患者术后的应用效果

目的探究系统化快速康复训练在老年股骨颈骨折患者术后的应用效果。方法选取江苏省南通市第三人民医院2019年1月至2022年1月收治的老年股骨颈骨折患者94例,应用奇偶分组法将其分为对照组和观察组,各47例。对照组行常规训练干预,观察组在对照组的基础上加用系统化快速康复训练。比较两组疼痛情况、行动功能、生活质量及髋关节功能。结果整体分析发现:两组疼痛组间、时间点及交互作用比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步两两比较,组内比较:两组组内各时间点疼痛评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较:观察组术后各时间点疼痛评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组行动功能评分及髋关节评分均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组生活质量评分均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论系统化快速康复训练能够提高老年股骨颈骨折术后患者的行动功能及生活质量,降低患者的疼痛水平,具有重要的应用意义。

基于学科竞赛的创新型人才培养问题及对策研究

高校学科竞赛是培养创新型人才的重要模式,能有效提升学生的实践能力、创新能力及就业能力。通过调研,融入教育生态共生理论和利益相关者理论思想,明晰学生对学科竞赛的基本认知。根据调研结论和团队成员经验,结合相关文献分析发现,高校在学科竞赛分工管理、信息传递、评审机制、组织化程度、动力激励等方面存在一定问题,继而提出了相应的具体完善策略。

硫酸软骨素联合系统康复训练在老年女性骨关节损伤中的应用效果分析

目的探讨硫酸软骨素联合系统康复训练在老年女性骨关节损伤中的应用效果。方法选取2020年7月至2022年7月郑州市第七人民医院收治的98例老年女性骨关节损伤患者作为研究对象,按照不同治疗方法将其分为观察组(49例)和对照组(49例),观察组患者在对症支持治疗的基础上予以硫酸软骨素联合系统康复训练治疗,对照组患者在对症支持治疗的基础上单纯予以硫酸软骨素治疗,对比观察两组患者关节滑液炎症因子及细胞因子水平、疼痛程度、关节压痛指数、关节肿胀指数等临床症状指标与临床疗效。结果治疗1个月后,观察组患者关节滑液白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平及视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、关节压痛指数评分、关节肿胀指数评分均明显低于对照组(t=7.605、9.629、5.563、2.653、3.200,P<0.001、P<0.001、P<0.001、P=0.009、P=0.002),关节滑液转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)水平明显高于对照组(t=4.002,P<0.001);治疗1个月后,观察组患者中显效20例、有效25例、无效4例,明显优于对照组患者的显效15例、有效20例、无效14例(Z=-1.983,P=0.047)。结论硫酸软骨素联合系统康复训练治疗老年女性骨关节损伤,能有效改善关节炎症反应,缓解关节疼痛,减轻关节肿胀程度,疗效显著。

高强度间歇训练应用于冠心病患者康复效果的系统评价再评价

目的 对于高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)应用于冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)患者康复效果的系统评价/Meta分析再评价,为CHD患者进行康复运动提供循证依据。方法 计算机检索PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CNKI,万方,维普和中国生物医学文献服务系统,搜集CHD患者HIIT康复效果的系统评价/Meta分析,时间从建库至2023年11月4日。经过循证护理培训考核合格的2名研究者进行文献筛选和资料提取,采用系统评价方法学质量评价工具(assessment of multiple systematic reviews 2,AMSTAR 2)量表、系统综述和Meta分析优先报告规范(preferred reportingitems for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses,PRISMA)声明、证据质量和推荐强度分级系统(grading of recommendations assessment,development and evaluation,GRADE)对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价、文献报告质量评价以及证据质量评价。结果 共纳入13篇系统评价。AMSTAR 2结果显示,1篇文献质量高,2篇低,10篇极低;PRISMA得分为16~26.5分,6篇报告相对完整,7篇报告存在一定缺陷;13篇系统评价的48条结局指标证据中,12条证据为中等质量,9条证据为低等质量,27条证据为极低等质量。与中等强度持续训练(moderate continuous training,MICT)比较,HIIT在6项主要结局指标:峰值摄氧量、无氧阈值、峰值心率、静息心率、左室射血分数和血压均得到更佳的康复效果。结论 HIIT在CHD患者康复中表现出更大的优势且安全性尚可,考虑到相关系统评价/Meta分析的方法学质量、文献报告质量以及证据质量级别较低,未来仍需开展多中心大样本的随机对照研究以进一步验证。

系统性功能训练结合护理干预对股骨头坏死行全髋关节置换术患者的康复效果及疼痛程度的影响

目的 探究在股骨头坏死行全髋关节置换术患者康复护理中应用系统性功能训练结合护理干预的效果。方法 随机选取2022年5月—2023年5月于聊城市人民医院接受全髋关节置换术治疗的100例股骨头坏死患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为两组,每组50例,参照组采用常规护理,研究组在常规护理基础上给予系统性功能训练,比较两组患者生活活动能力、疼痛程度、并发症发生率。结果 干预前,两组患者生活活动能力评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,研究组生活活动能力评分高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患者疼痛评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,研究组疼痛评分低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症总发生率(2.00%)低于对照组(12.00%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.118,P<0.05)。结论 将系统性功能训练与护理干预联合运用到股骨头坏死患者全髋关节置换术康复干预中,有助于髋关节功能恢复,减轻康复疼痛程度,可获得理想预后。

抗阻运动改善超重肥胖人群身体成分:一项伞形综述

背景:抗阻运动可以增加肌肉质量、提升肌肉力量,但对体成分的相关影响缺乏确凿证据,随机对照试验与多篇Meta分析结果的争议给临床的运动干预决策带来了困扰。目的:基于伞形综述(umbrella review)的方法学范式,探究抗阻运动改善超重、肥胖人群体成分的干预效果及安全性。方法:检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库,中文检索词包括“抗阻、阻力、自重、meta、元分析、meta分析、体成分、体脂率、脂肪质量、瘦体重、体质量”,英文检索词包括“Resistance training、Strength Training、Weight-Lifting Strengthening Program、Body Compositions、Body Fat Distribution、Meta Analysis、Data Pooling、Overviews、Clinical Trial、Clinical Trial Overviews”等。收集抗阻运动干预超重、肥胖人群的系统评价,检索时限均从各数据库建库至2022-08-31。采用PRISMA评价纳入研究的方法学质量,采用GRADE评价系统对证据质量进行分级。结果与结论:①最终纳入14篇Meta分析,GRADE证据质量评价显示,2个结局指标证据质量为中级,12个为低级,14个为极低级。②与对照组相比,32个结局指标中有23个得到显著性改善。抗阻运动对体脂率的干预效果已形成共识,对瘦体质量、体质量指数、内脏脂肪的干预效果仍需进一步证实。③抗阻运动是改善超重、肥胖人群体成分的一种有效安全的方法,纳入系统评价的整体研究质量和结局指标证据质量普遍较低,未来应在明确样本特征、细化方案设计的基础上,充分结合被试的初始状态、运动目标和意愿,通过水阻、气阻及弹性阻力的多元、科学、个性化的运动处方设计提升抗阻运动的安全性和依从性,为抗阻运动干预提供明确的循证支持与决策依据。

肌电图教学中住培医师培训方式及效果研究

目的探讨肌电图教学中住院医师规范化培训(简称“住培”)的培训方法及效果。方法选择2019年7月—2022年7月在滨州医学院附属医院肌电图室参加住培的医师为研究对象,共60名,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,各30名。对照组采用传统培训方式,研究组采用系统化培训,对比2组住培医师的理论知识及临床技能操作成绩,并采取调查问卷了解住培医师对教学效果的评价。结果研究组理论知识及临床技能操作成绩优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。调查问卷显示研究组住培医师对培训的满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在肌电图教学中对住培医师进行系统化培训不仅能获得较好的培训效果,还能激发学习兴趣,提高教学效能。