Suitability Evaluation on the Information Service System of "Agricultural Science and Technology 110" in Sichuan Province, China

Method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to carry out suitability evaluation on the information service system of "Agricultural Science and Technology 110" in Sichuan Province, China. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and expert consultation method are used to determine the evaluation index system and index weight. Suitability effect of the information service system of "Agricultural Science and Technology 110" is taken as the target layer. The five indices at criterion layer are the organizational mode of agricultural information service, the support system of agricultural information resources, the agricultural information transfer system, the capital source of agricultural information service, and the support system of agricultural information service. And the index layer includes the talent team of agent service, the interaction between the subject and object, the accuracy of agricultural information, the convenience of agricultural information transfer, the adequacy of fund, the efficiency in the use of fund, the status of information infrastructure and so on. Evaluation result shows that the information service system of "Agricultural Science and Technology 110" in Sichuan Province is suitable for the rural economic development at present. The major factors restricting the information service system are the lack of continuity, the weak infrastructure of agricultural information infrastructure, and the relatively low education level of agricultural producers. Therefore, we should further explore and improve the operation mechanism of agricultural information service, expand the capital source of agricultural information service, strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure, and ensure the continuous operation of information service system.

Evaluation for Innovation Ability of National Agricultural Science and Technology Parks in Jiangxi Province

Innovative ability is an important indicator for judging the effectiveness of the national agricultural science and technology park construction. Based on the statistical data of four national agricultural science and technology parks built in Jiangxi Province, this paper constructs an evaluation system consisting of three first-level indicators, eight second-level indicators and 24 three-level indicators. Based on the combined weighting method, the comprehensive scores of the innovation capabilities of the parks are obtained. It is found that the gap in innovation capability of each park is wide, and the radiation-driven function has not yet appeared. It is necessary to promote the improvement of innovation capabilities by promoting the synergy and innovation of agricultural science and technology in the park, encouraging the park to construct agricultural technology business incubators, and building and improving innovation platforms.

Development Mode and Recommendations for Industrialization of Tropical Agricultural Science and Technology

Industrialization of tropical agricultural science and technology is an essential part of tropical agricultural technological innovation.This paper firstly analyzed development mode of industrialization of tropical agricultural science and technology in Chin and then came up with recommendations for developing industrialization of tropical agricultural science and technology.

Research Progress on the Development of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Park

This paper summarizes the typical models,construction theory and development status of modern agricultural science and technology parks at home and abroad,in order to provide a reference for the sustainable development of modern agricultural science and technology parks in China.It is found that at present,the agricultural science and technology park in China is in the stage of quantitative development,neglecting the qualitative construction of the park.This paper points out that the balanced relationship among ecology,economy and society should be adjusted to promote the sustainable development of the park.

Guarantee Strategy for the Safety of Agricultural Industry in Hunan Province

The safety of agricultural industry in Hunan Province shows an upward trend from"basically safe"to"very safe",but the state in the"safe"or"very safe"range is still unstable.In view of this,Hunan Province should guarantee the agricultural production ability,cultivate and enhance the core competitiveness of agriculture,firmly grasp the agricultural control power,attach importance to the export quality of agri-cultural products and other aspects to ensure the safety of agricultural industry.

Current Situations and Recommendations for Development of Agricultural Sci-Tech Park District of Luzhou City

The agricultural science and technology park is a demonstration carrier for the assembly and integration of agricultural technology,the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the modern agricultural production. It is an inevitable choice and important way to realize the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. This paper reviewed the construction background,functional characteristics and development history of agricultural science and technology parks. It analyzed the current development situations of the provincial agricultural science and technology parks in Jiangyang District,Luzhou City of Sichuan Province. Then,it summarized its experience in park construction and compared with surrounding national and provincial agricultural science and technology parks. It found existing problems including insufficient industry-university-research integration,low level of agricultural intensification,weak functions of public service platforms and brand effect,and insufficient exploration of tourism resources. In view of these problems,it came up with recommendations for development of agricultural Sci-Tech Park District of Luzhou City,including gathering scientific and technological resources,enhancing scientific and technological support,strengthening the high-quality development of the park economy,and building a national 4 A-level excellent scenic spot.

A Research into the Evaluation Target System and Comprehensive Evaluation Method About the Science and Technology Development of Provinces

Based on the systematic theory and the system analytic method, this thesis expounds manifestly the evaluation target system and comprehensive evaluation method about the science and technology development of provinces (cities and districts). By putting it into practice of provinces (cities and districts) science and technology development, this set of target system and method may fully reflect the impact on the social development. The acceleration of transferring the extensive economy to the intensive one in province (cities and districts) and the relation of coordinated growth of science and technology, economy, society are of momentous current significance.

基于Windows CE的HPC/PDA农业专家系统开发平台的研究与开发

阐述了基于WindowsCE的HPC/PDA农业专家系统开发平台的结构和功能以及开发平台所采用的技术。同时介绍了基于HPC/PDA的数据库管理系统的结构和实现方案。

Coordinating environmental protection and agricultural development: a village-based case study for promoting green transformation

Balancing ecological preservation with sustainable agricultural practices is a global issue. Erhai Lake has felt this challenge keenly. To address it, in 2022, a Science and Technology Backyards(STBs) project was launched in Gusheng Village. The goal of this is to care for the environment while ensuring that farms and farmers can thrive sustainably. The uniqueness of the Erhai STB arises from its interdisciplinary integration, encompassing fields such as ecology, agronomy and social science, resulting in specifically-designed solutions for the Erhai context. While this model aligns with broader STB paradigms, its distinctive edge lies in technological innovation and robust support mechanisms for local agricultural stakeholders. This paper describes the methodology and outcomes of the STB initiative, highlighting its pivotal role in spearheading sustainable transition in Erhai. Preliminary findings underscore the potential of the STB model as an efficacious tool for harmonizing environmental conservation and agricultural practices, that are both financially and environmentally sustainable, rendering it a potential model for comparable regions in China and other counties.

对发展中国家OFDI逆向技术溢出机制探究——基于中国对“一带一路”20个中低收入国家OFDI研究

本文选取"一带一路"沿线20个发展中国家,先从理论上厘清我国对这些国家OFDI逆向技术溢出存在的内在机制;然后基于修正后的L-P国际R&D溢出模型,运用我国31个省市2003~2017年间的面板数据,实证检验OFDI逆向技术溢出的存在性。研究发现:我国对"一带一路"发展中国家OFDI会促进我国技术进步,中部地区更明显。进一步探究地区差异化的原因,发现研发强度、R&D人员和经济发展水平会影响我国吸收效应的能力,但对外开放程度的作用不明显。

科技创新支撑现代化海洋产业体系建设:机理、困境与对策

海洋科技是推动海洋事业发展的第一生产力,代表国家核心战略需求。本文首先基于现代化要求从产业结构、空间布局、生产要素、资源配置和开放合作五个方面提出了现代化海洋产业体系的五个特征,并从资源再配置、技术选择和主体协同三个路径提出了科技创新支撑现代化产业体系建设的机理;然后对我国现代化海洋体系建设成效、科技创新支撑现代化产业体系建设成效以及面临的困境进行了分析;最后提出了针对性建议,以期为新时期现代化海洋产业体系建设提供支撑。

江西省农业绿色发展协同效应研究

探究江西省农业绿色发展水平的提升路径,可为农业绿色发展提供理论依据。以江西省为例,构建农业资源、生态环境和社会经济3个维度的协同发展关系,测度与评价2008—2020年江西省农业绿色发展水平现状,并通过系统动力学模型设计农业生产方式、农业科技创新、经济发展、消费习惯、政策支持5种策略下的7种情景模式对2021—2030年江西省农业绿色发展系统的影响。结果显示:在2008—2020年,江西省农业绿色发展水平先降后升,总体趋势向好,化肥农药零增长行动效果显著。在维持现有情景模式下,在2021—2030年江西省农业绿色发展水平能够进一步提升,7种情景模式均能有效促进江西省农业绿色发展水平。在各要素独立作用下,调减耕地复种指数、提高化肥利用率对江西省农业绿色发展水平的促进效果更为显著;与单要素发展相比,多要素协同发展对江西省农业绿色发展促进效果更大。为了使江西省农业绿色发展水平朝着有序方向发展,未来应构建区域多要素协同发展机制,实现农业生产生态生活全过程全方位绿色化。

创新链视角下地方公益农业类科研机构创新效率测度研究

文章基于创新链理论,将公益农业类科研机构划分为科技研发阶段和成果转化阶段,采用DEA-Malquist指数法测算2011—2020年21家福建省属公益农业类科研机构不同阶段科技创新效率。结果表明:10年间,科技研发阶段和成果转化阶段的创新效率均表现为退步状态,科技研发阶段创新效率下降5.10%,成果转化阶段下降3.20%,可见两阶段均有较大提升空间;21家机构不同阶段创新效率差距明显,47.62%的机构科技研发效率处于退步状态,创新指数最大差距达0.756,38.10%的机构成果转化效率处于退步状态,创新指数最大差距达0.919;机构创新发展模式差距大,23.81%为集约型,9.52%为粗放型,28.57%为研发高效-转化低效型,38.10%为研发低效-转化高效型。在此基础上,结合加快推进科技政策创新、科技体制改革等外部因素,引导机构形成学科布局、技术积累与产业经济发展格局相适应科研组织模式等内部因素,分类提出有针对性的对策建议。

聚焦产业科技创新 支撑区域农业高质量发展

省级农业科研院所是我国农业科技创新体系的重要组成部分,在支撑区域农业高质量发展中发挥着不可替代的作用。在新的历史时期,如何进一步明晰发展定位,持续提升服务区域社会经济发展能力是摆在省级农业科研院所面前的一个重要课题。文章以河南省农业科学院为例,系统梳理了支撑区域农业发展的成效、创新做法等,剖析了现阶段省级农业科研院所面临的主要困难,进一步提出推动省级农业科研院所可持续发展,加快构建“梯次分明、分工协作、适度竞争”的农业科技创新体系的政策建议。

中国农业开放发展的现状、问题与建议

开放是中国式现代化的鲜明标识,农业高质量发展离不开高水平对外开放的有效支撑。中国入世以来,特别是党的十八大以来,农产品贸易规模不断扩大,农产品贸易关税水平稳步下降,农业领域双向投资成效显著,国际合作水平明显提升,农业开放发展取得了明显成效。但也面临农产品贸易逆差不断扩大、农业领域实际使用外资总体呈下降趋势,以及农业高水平开放试点有待加强、农业整体竞争力不足、风险防控形势更趋严峻复杂等问题。未来,我国要系统性推进农业高水平对外开放,进一步加强农业高水平对外开放先行先试力度,多领域推动农业高水平开放发展,着力提升农业综合竞争能力,有效推动农业高质量发展。同时,应注重统筹开放与安全,在农业高水平对外开放中确保高水平安全。

基于PLC控制下水肥一体化智能监控系统设计

水肥一体化系统通过实时监测土壤湿度、植物生长状态等参数,精确控制水肥供给,避免过量使用水和肥料,这对于解决水资源短缺和减少农业生产对肥料的依赖具有重要意义。通过深入分析PLC技术,基于西门子S7-1200作为控制核心,采用先进的传感器技术,实现了对土壤湿度、植物生长状态等关键参数的实时监测,通过智能设备,实时监测农田状态,并远程调整水肥系统的运行参数。试验结果表明,基于PLC控制的水肥一体化智能监控系统能够显著提高水肥利用率,减少资源浪费,降低生产成本,可以为农业生产提供一种先进、高效的管理方案,不仅有助于解决当前农业面临的水资源和肥料管理难题,也为实现可持续农业发展贡献重要的技术手段。

农业科研院所科技服务体系创新发展路径--以江苏省农业科学院亚夫科技服务体系为例

农业科技服务是推动农业科技成果转化运用,促进农业农村科技水平提升的有效途径。文章介绍了江苏省农业科学院“亚夫科技服务体系”有关机制,从以支持鼓励为动力建立农业科技服务激励机制、以产业需求为导向构建农业科技转化服务平台和以农民增收为核心设立农业科技服务评价体系等方面提出了农业科研院所科技服务体系创新发展路径,以期为科教单位开展农业科技服务及有关管理工作提供借鉴。

加强法治建设,为建设教育强国、科技强国、人才强国筑牢基石

教育、科技、人才是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的基础性、战略性支撑,统筹推进其一体化发展,基础在于加强法治建设。应立足中国实际,遵循法治规律,坚持顶层设计和法治实践相结合,聚焦党和国家的战略规划,针对实践中存在的问题、人民群众关切的重点问题,以及法律制度的空白点和冲突点,统筹推进教育、科技、人才三大领域的法治建设,具体措施为:统筹推进教育法治建设,优先加快教育立法;完善中国特色科技法律体系,以专项立法助力新兴技术的重点突破;夯实人才领域法治基石,营造以人为本、开放包容的人才发展环境。

新竞合关系下农业科技金融赋能农业可持续发展的机理与效应

加强农业科技金融的区域竞争与合作,推动农业沿着高科技、高质量、高效率的新质生产力方向演进,是促进中国式现代化农业可持续发展的最有效方式。基于此,构建“农业科技金融-农业新质生产力-农业可持续发展”的理论框架,以中国2013-2022年30个省份面板数据为研究对象,实证检验农业科技金融赋能农业可持续发展的作用效应。研究发现:(1)农业科技金融对农业可持续发展具有显著正向影响,特别是粮食主销区和科技金融结合政策试点区的影响效应更显著;(2)农业新质生产力是农业科技金融赋能农业可持续发展的重要途径;(3)区域地方政府经济竞争有利于增强农业科技金融赋能农业可持续发展的作用效应;(4)中国特色的社会主义新竞合关系有利于农业科技金融赋能农业可持续发展空间溢出效能的充分释放。因此,必须以全国统一大市场建设为契机,以绿色低碳环保技术研发为中心,以农业新质生产力培育为路径,以地方政府经济竞争为抓手,加快构建农业科技金融与农业可持续发展深度融合的长效机制。

地方农林高校智能科学与技术专业建设实践

人工智能、大数据等新一代信息技术的发展极为迅速,地方农林院校应着力提升相关专业的办学水平,为区域数字农业农村、无人农场等现代农业的建设与发展培养高层次复合型人才。从人才培养目标、课程体系建设、课程教学、课程思政、人才培养模式与师资队伍建设等方面阐述安徽农业大学智能科学与技术专业建设探索与初步实践及其效果,为同类院校相关专业建设提供参考。