To examine the hypothesis that plasma bile acid (BA) level is correlated with essential hypertension (EH). Methods: The level of plasma total bile acid (TBA) in 88 patients with EH and in 11 spontaneous hypertension r...To examine the hypothesis that plasma bile acid (BA) level is correlated with essential hypertension (EH). Methods: The level of plasma total bile acid (TBA) in 88 patients with EH and in 11 spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR) were measured, and regression analysis of systolic and diastolic blood pressures with plasma TBA was performed. Results: Plasma TBA level in EH patients was significantly higher than that in normotensive subjects (7. 35±3. 38μmol/L vs 4. 94±3. 25 μmol/L, PRO. of ); Plasma TBA level in SHR was significantly higher than that in Wistar--Kyoto (WKY) rats (13. 16±3. 58 μmol/L vs 10. 42±2. 24 μmol/L,P<0. 05); Plasma TBA level in patients with EH was the highest in stage Ⅲ (9. 54±4. 12 μmol/L, n ＝25), the lowest in stage Ⅰ (5. 76±3. 33 μmol/L, n＝33), and middle in stage Ⅱ (7. 32±4. 52 μmol/L, n＝30); Plasma TBA level in patients with EH was positively correlated with both systolic (r= 0. 33, P<0. 01 ) and diastolic blood pressure (r＝0. 46, P＜0．01 ); Plasma TBA level in SHR was positively correlated with both systolic (r＝0. 82, P<0. 01 ) and diastolic blood pressures (r＝0. 69, P<0. 01). Conclusion: elevated level of plasma TBA in patients with EH and in SHR may participate in the pathogenesis of hypertension.展开更多
Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) in hypertensive patients is implicated as a remarkable feature leading to additional cardiovascular complications. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants inf...Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) in hypertensive patients is implicated as a remarkable feature leading to additional cardiovascular complications. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants influencing BPV among patients with essential hypertension seen at the Cardiology department of the faculty of medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted from August 2019 to November 2019. All the eligible patients were made to fill out a standard questionnaire to obtain family and personal clinical history and undergo routine physical examination, laboratory tests and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. BPV was summarized as the standard deviation (SD) of all-day systolic and diastolic BP in both normal patients (with SD 11) and abnormal patients (with SD ≥ 11). Results: Out of a total of 114 patients, 18 (15.8%) non-hypertensive patients were included in the control group and the remaining 96 (84.3%) were classified based on the degree of hypertension. BPV in all these patients was found to be significantly related to the male gender, a mild or moderate degree of hypertension, high prevalence of non-dipping, diabetes, use of beta-blockers as antihypertensive medication, heart rate variability, BMI, and increased day-time variability. Conclusion: Variability in blood pressure influenced by different intrinsic and extrinsic factors plays an important role in the management of hypertension. In order to reduce the burden of disease and for a better quality of life for hypertensive patients, it is important that physicians start considering lowering BPV in addition to reducing physiological BP levels.展开更多
文摘To examine the hypothesis that plasma bile acid (BA) level is correlated with essential hypertension (EH). Methods: The level of plasma total bile acid (TBA) in 88 patients with EH and in 11 spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR) were measured, and regression analysis of systolic and diastolic blood pressures with plasma TBA was performed. Results: Plasma TBA level in EH patients was significantly higher than that in normotensive subjects (7. 35±3. 38μmol/L vs 4. 94±3. 25 μmol/L, PRO. of ); Plasma TBA level in SHR was significantly higher than that in Wistar--Kyoto (WKY) rats (13. 16±3. 58 μmol/L vs 10. 42±2. 24 μmol/L,P<0. 05); Plasma TBA level in patients with EH was the highest in stage Ⅲ (9. 54±4. 12 μmol/L, n ＝25), the lowest in stage Ⅰ (5. 76±3. 33 μmol/L, n＝33), and middle in stage Ⅱ (7. 32±4. 52 μmol/L, n＝30); Plasma TBA level in patients with EH was positively correlated with both systolic (r= 0. 33, P<0. 01 ) and diastolic blood pressure (r＝0. 46, P＜0．01 ); Plasma TBA level in SHR was positively correlated with both systolic (r＝0. 82, P<0. 01 ) and diastolic blood pressures (r＝0. 69, P<0. 01). Conclusion: elevated level of plasma TBA in patients with EH and in SHR may participate in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
文摘Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) in hypertensive patients is implicated as a remarkable feature leading to additional cardiovascular complications. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants influencing BPV among patients with essential hypertension seen at the Cardiology department of the faculty of medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted from August 2019 to November 2019. All the eligible patients were made to fill out a standard questionnaire to obtain family and personal clinical history and undergo routine physical examination, laboratory tests and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. BPV was summarized as the standard deviation (SD) of all-day systolic and diastolic BP in both normal patients (with SD 11) and abnormal patients (with SD ≥ 11). Results: Out of a total of 114 patients, 18 (15.8%) non-hypertensive patients were included in the control group and the remaining 96 (84.3%) were classified based on the degree of hypertension. BPV in all these patients was found to be significantly related to the male gender, a mild or moderate degree of hypertension, high prevalence of non-dipping, diabetes, use of beta-blockers as antihypertensive medication, heart rate variability, BMI, and increased day-time variability. Conclusion: Variability in blood pressure influenced by different intrinsic and extrinsic factors plays an important role in the management of hypertension. In order to reduce the burden of disease and for a better quality of life for hypertensive patients, it is important that physicians start considering lowering BPV in addition to reducing physiological BP levels.
