Reinforcement Technology for Soft Soil Roadbed in the Widened Section of Expressway Expansion

This article examines the soft soil roadbed reinforcement technology for widened sections of highways in a specific project.It provides an overview of the project,the principles of soft soil roadbed reinforcement technology for wide sections,and its practical application.The analysis aims to offer guidance on applying soft soil roadbed wide section reinforcement technology and enhancing the overall quality of similar projects.

Comparison between responses of reinforced and unreinforced embankments due to road widening

The objective of this work is to compare the responses of geosynthetically-reinforced embankment and unreinforced embankment due to road widening by using the centrifuge model tests and a two-dimensional(2D) finite element(FE) model. The measured and calculated responses of the embankment and foundation exposed to road widening include the settlement,horizontal displacement,pore water pressure,and shear stresses. It is found that the road widening changed the transverse slope of the original pavement surface resulting from the nonuniform settlements. The maximum horizontal movement is found to be located at the shoulder of the original embankment. Although the difference is small,it is clearly seen that the geosynthetic reinforcement reduces the nonuniform settlements and horizontal movements due to road widening. Thus the reinforcement reduces the potential of pavement cracking and increases the stability of the embankment on soft ground in road widening.

Study on Criterion of Differential Settlement in Subgrade Widening Project of an Expressway

Criterion of differential settlement in subgrade is useful for keeping road in a good serving condition. The theory of traditional materials strength and their technologic economy are applied to analyze the additional bend stress of the pavement structure, the equivalent beam of elastic foundation and influence on the pavement structure of an uneven settlement. The allowable settling ratio of pavement index （ △i ） is got and is used to appraise the uneven settlement standard value in subgrade. The allowable settling ratio of pavement index is applied in an certain widening expressway project and △i ≤0.36 % is attained by the analyzing, calculating and adding a certain safe coefficient. This value was put into practice and is effective during the past two years.

Stress and deformation due to embankment widening with different treatment techniques

A two-dimensional(2-D) finite element(FE) model was developed to analyze the deformation and stress of embankment on soft ground due to widening with different treatment techniques.It is found that the embankment widening induces transverse gradient change due to differential settlements and horizontal outward movements at the shoulder of the existing embankment.Embankment widening also increases the shear stress along the slope of the existing embankment,especially at the foot of slope.The failure potential due to embankment widening may increase with the increase of widening width when the widening width is smaller than 8.5 m,but may decrease with the increase of widening width as the widening width is greater than 8.5 m.The effectiveness of four ground and embankment treatment techniques,including geosynthetic reinforcement,light-weight embankment,deep mixed columns,and separating wall were compared.The results indicate that these treatments reduce the differential settlements and improve the stability.The light-weight embankment has the most effectiveness among four treatments.By using the fly-ash backfill material in widening,the transverse gradient change decreases from 0.5%-1.3% to 0.26%-0.8% and the maximum horizontal displacement decreases from 2.76 cm to 1.44 cm.

River Stabilisation by Breach-ramps and Widening

Numerous gravel-bed rivers are affected by unceasing degradation problems,mostly caused or in- creased by technical measures upstream.In Germany removing the bank fixations is regarded as a concept to dissolve the problem.By allowing lateral erosion and in consequence river widening the bed load transport ca- pacity will be decreased.Additionally the eroded bank material will serve as additional sediment influx. Nevertheless in some cases additional measures are required for a sustainable stabilization o...

A full-scale field experiment to study the thermal-deformation process of widening highway embankments in permafrost regions

As one of the widely used upgrading way in road engineering, the widening embankment(WE) has suffered evident differential deformation, which is even severer for highway in permafrost regions due to the temperature sensitivity of frozen soil and the heat absorption effect of the asphalt pavement. Given this issue, a full-scale experimental highway of WE was performed along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway(QTH) to investigate the differential deformation features and its developing law. The continuous three years' monitoring data taken from the experimental site, including the ground temperature and the layered deformation of WE and original embankment(OE), were used to analyze the thermal-deformation process. The results indicate that the widening part presented the remarkable thermal disturbance to the existing embankment(EE). The underlying permafrost was in a noteworthy degradation state, embodying the apparent decrease of the permafrost table and the increase of the ground temperature. Correspondingly, the heat disruption induced by widening led to a much higher deformation at the widening side compared to the original embankment, showing a periodic stepwise curve. Specifically, the deformation mainly occurred in the junction of the EE and the widening part, most of which was caused by the thawing consolidation near the original permafrost table. In contrast, the deformation of EE mainly attributed to the compression of the active layer. Furthermore, it was the deformation origination differences that resulted in the differential deformation of WE developed gradually during the monitoring period, the maximum of which reached up to 64 mm.

Analysis of Control Measures for Settlement of Differences on the Problems of Highway Subgrade Widening

The study mainly discusses the issues of the settlement of differences that occurs in the process of highway subgrade widening. Firstly, it briefly introduces the settlement of difference and its harms;then it analyzes the mechanism of settlement of differences in the process of difference widening, including four aspects: the new and old roadbeds themselves, design, construction and other links;finally, based on the above analysis of the mechanism, it discusses the corresponding control measures, mainly proposing these suggestions as followings: the use of lightweight materials, the foundation treatment, the cut slope excavation steps, and the strict control of the degree of compaction, etc. The paper is expected to provide some theoretical basis for the control measures of highway subgrade widening settlement of difference.

Safety Management Strategies for Cross-railway Interchange Widening Project in Highway Reconstruction and Extension

Under the background of rapid social and economic development,the traffic volume of highways has increased,which has brought tremendous pressure to the old highways.In response to this situation,the original highway must be reconstructed and extended.It is necessary to focus on the analysis and exploration of the methods of interchange reconstruction and extension in current highway reconstruction and extension to avoid affecting normal traffic,as it will inevitably have an impact on the traffic operation environment.For this situation,it is necessary to analyze and understand the format and characteristics of traffic organization of the interchange operation area in time and propose corresponding safeguard measures.

Discussion on the Safe and Guaranteed Access of Interchange Widening in Reconstruction and Extension of Highway

In the process of reconstruction and extension of highways,the most important thing is to ensure that the overall level of the widening of interchanges is comprehensively improved to ensure safe traffic.However,due to the heavy and difficult tasks in the widening of interchanges,higher requirements are put forward for the construction quality of the project.In the actual construction of the project,it is necessary to actively analyze and explain the specific construction of the interchange widening project to ensure that the improvement level of the interchange widening in highway reconstruction and extension project is effectively upgraded.This paper gives a detailed introduction to the main construction technology for interchange widening project,clarifies the technical points of safety and guaranteed access,and proposes corresponding safeguard measures to ensure the comprehensive upgrade of the construction quality and standard of interchange widening in highway reconstruction and extension.

碳酸盐岩裂隙溶蚀扩展试验与模拟研究

研究表明碳酸盐岩的溶蚀过程可用溶解速率方程进行表征,但表征的形式存在较大差别,主要体现在远离平衡的欠饱和态下。为进一步确定碳酸盐岩在欠饱和态下的溶解特征及溶蚀速率的表征形式,首先开展了碳酸盐岩裂隙溶蚀试验研究,探讨了CO_(2)及溶液初始Ca^(2+)浓度对溶蚀过程的影响,并基于试验结果构建了欠饱和态下的溶解速率方程;而后采用碳酸盐岩裂隙渗流-溶解耦合模型,通过数值模拟对量化模型的参数进行率定和检验。结果表明:(1)CO_(2)的参与加快了碳酸盐岩的溶蚀扩展,溶液初始Ca^(2+)浓度越高,对碳酸盐岩的溶解抑制程度就越高;(2)CO_(2)作用下碳酸盐岩裂隙溶蚀扩展的平均溶蚀速率增加了1.82~2.29倍;(3)溶液不同初始Ca^(2+)浓度在同等区间流量条件下,蒸馏水为溶蚀溶液的样品中Ca^(2+)浓度差值下降了0.0915mmol/L,溶液初始Ca^(2+)浓度为0.352,0.476,0.581mmol/L的溶蚀溶液中,Ca^(2+)浓度差值分别下降了0.0742,0.0536,0.0474mmol/L;(4)在高度欠饱和状态下溶解动力学由线性速率定律控制,随着溶液中Ca^(2+)浓度的升高,溶解动力学将变为非线性关系,此时Ca^(2+)浓度为0.4倍的平衡时Ca^(2+)浓度。研究结果可为定量评价岩溶发育演化提供数据支撑。

阴道松弛综合征的中西医非手术治疗进展

阴道松弛综合征(vaginal laxity syndrome,VLS)属于盆底功能障碍性疾病,VLS是由于妊娠、分娩、长期腹压增高、细胞老化等多种原因引起盆底支持结构松弛、盆底结构缺陷,导致阴道口和阴道壁松弛的病症,严重者可以发展为盆腔器官脱垂(pelvic organ prolapsed,POP),为妇产科常见病和多发病,影响女性的生活质量。本文通过查阅古籍及临床文献,对该病古代中医和现代中医治疗方式,CO_(2)激光治疗、铒(Er):YAG激光治疗、射频、盆底肌训练(PFMT)和局部雌激素替代疗法等非手术治疗方法进行阐述。

成南高速公路软土地基高路堤拓宽工程差异沉降及控制标准研究

依托成南高速扩容工程,基于有限元方法,深入研究软土区高填路基拓宽工程差异沉降变化规律及其影响因素,提出适用于成南高速软土区高填拼接路基的差异沉降控制标准.研究表明,施工期在旧路基面会产生向两侧的水平变形和较大的不均匀沉降,极易导致旧路面中心附近产生纵向裂缝;运营期,不同运营时段路基表面累积沉降半幅区呈“勺”状分布,沉降最大值出现在路基拼接处附近,此处的底基层更容易出现拉裂破坏,运营期拼接附近成为路面裂缝的多发区域;填土高度、软基厚度、软土性质对路基面差异沉降影响均非常显著,而新路基模量对差异沉降的影响并不明显;综合考虑路面材料的极限拉应力和疲劳效应组合,对差异沉降控制标准进行了4级分级,以指导工程设计.

有效-有为-有爱的三次分配制度构建——基于广东省居民收入差距拉大的分析

收入差距缩小是共同富裕的重要标志之一,优化收入分配制度是缩小收入差距的重要举措。通过分析2013—2022年广东省居民收入数据发现:行业收入差距明显;城乡居民可支配收入差距变大;珠三角与粤东西北地区的人均可支配收入差距进一步扩大。这种现象主要是受统一要素市场不成熟、转移支付与税制建设不足以及社会互助激励欠佳复合影响的结果。未来应促进要素自由流动和强化规则衔接来提高初次分配份额;延续提低-扩中-调高思路,分步骤优化再分配机制;弘扬广济善助的美德,加大第三次分配力度,最终形成有效-有为-有爱的三次分配制度。

一种新型山区道路拓宽方案研究

针对山区低等级道路拓宽工程,尤其是一侧高路堑、另一侧高陡崖或高陡路基的路段,提出一种外侧枕梁支撑、内侧锚杆拉结的悬臂承载梁新型拓宽方案,以某路基拓宽工程为例,介绍其结构型式,并进行承载性能研究。结果表明:新型拓宽方案结构合理,强度、刚度及稳定性满足相关规范要求;适当加深外侧枕梁深度,可明显提高承载稳定性,较差的岩体建议采用地下连续墙或桩基础;内侧预应力锚杆强度及其与承载梁的连接尤为重要,是控制承载梁在外侧偏载作用下结构稳定的关键;限位装置是确保整体稳定、防震、防止承载梁不滑脱、锚杆不受剪的关键。

书夹型钢-混组合结构在桥梁加宽中的应用研究

为避免桥梁加宽时下部结构拓宽,减少新旧桥面纵向裂缝及铺装层损伤,提出一种以钢结构立柱及护栏、书夹式钢板、高强度螺栓为主要构件,超高性能混凝土(UHPC)为铺装层的书夹型钢-混组合结构进行桥梁加宽。为评估该组合结构在运营条件下的安全性,以厦门官浔溪大桥加宽工程为背景,通过实桥现场静载试验研究水平荷载作用下书夹型钢-混组合结构的力学性能,并与数值仿真结果进行对比,验证试验结果的可靠性。结果表明:实测结果与数值仿真结果吻合良好;书夹型钢-混组合结构关键部位荷载~位移曲线、荷载~应力曲线呈线性变化,钢结构最大拉应力约为材料屈服强度的75%,整体结构处于弹性工作阶段;螺栓预紧力有效减少了高强度螺栓的直剪作用,降低了剪切疲劳破坏风险;采用书夹型钢-混组合结构进行桥梁加宽可有效避免下部结构拓宽,改善新旧桥面纵向裂缝及铺装层损伤,具有较好的加宽效果。

非黏性堤防溃口发展过程计算模型

堤防是防洪工程体系的重要组成部分,一旦发生溃决将可能带来严重灾害损失,明确堤防溃口发展速率与水力要素之间的关系对于预测堤防溃决过程和洪水演进具有重要意义。通过对系列非黏性沙质堤防溃决试验结果进行整理分析,得到溃口垂向下切速率、横向展宽速率与溃口流量、溃口单宽流量之间的关系。结果表明:堤防溃口发展主要存在垂向冲刷、横向扩展2种形式;溃口发展速率与溃口流量呈正相关,但受入流流量影响,没有适用于所有工况的关系表达式;溃口发展速率与溃口单宽流量间的关系基本不受入流流量影响,下切和展宽速率与溃口单宽流量呈现指数关系;基于此关系,构建了以溃口单宽流量为参数的溃口发展过程计算模型,并对溃口垂向下切、横向展宽发展过程进行了模拟计算与对比分析,结果显示模拟情况与真实的溃口发展过程吻合较好,说明所提出的计算模型科学合理,且计算过程简洁。

拼宽T梁桥的受力性能研究

文中基于桥梁博士有限元分析软件,以贵州山区拟建的3×30 m连续T梁桥拼宽工程为例,分别建立原桥和拼宽桥的有限元模型,定量分析桥梁拼宽前、后的横向分布系数,以及施工、运营下各梁片的力学响应变化规律。结果表明,紧邻拼宽部位的梁片内力和位移变化为10%~20%,其余梁片内力与位移变化均未超过4%。

超声联合MRI检测胎儿侧脑室增宽的临床应用价值

目的:分析胎儿侧脑室增宽的临床检测中超声联合MRI检测的价值。方法:选取2023年1月—2024年3月南京医科大学附属苏州医院收治的61例疑似胎儿侧脑室增宽的孕妇,均实施单一超声以及联合MRI检测,以临床综合诊断结果为金标准,分析超声联合MRI检测的临床价值。结果:超声联合MRI检测胎儿侧脑室增宽的灵敏度、准确率高于超声检测,漏诊率低于超声检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);超声联合MRI检测孤立的侧脑室增宽的准确率及不同类型侧脑室增宽的总准确率高于超声检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:超声联合MRI检测的准确率更高,可以降低漏诊率、误诊率,对疾病不同类型的检出效果好。

高速公路桥梁变宽段曲线横移架梁技术研究

在桥梁工程中,对于既处在曲线段又是变宽段的预制梁安装路段往往不可避免,此时一般采用架桥机常规直线横移轨道进行架梁铺设,随之带来的问题是需要令架桥机前、中支腿错位排布,如此一来施工的精度、难度都有所提升,并且存在一定的安全隐患。依托于江西宜遂高速公路桥梁某路段,提出了使用曲线横移轨道为架桥机在曲线变宽段进行架梁作业时平稳过渡到支腿错位分布提供条件,以达到缩短工期、保障安全和提高经济效益的目的。