Laparoscopic pancreatic duct incision and stone removal and T-type tube drainage for pancreatic duct stone: A case report and review of literature

To study a more micro-invasive procedure for patients having pancreatic duct stones(PDS).Till now,there has been no report of laparoscopic pancreatic duct incision and stone removal and T-type tube drainage for PDS in the English literature.An 82-year-old man suffered from subxiphoid pain associated with a dilated pancreatic duct(7 mm)containing one stone,but without a mass in the head of the pancreas.Laparoscopic pancreatic duct incision,stone removal,and T-type tube drainage were successfully performed without intraoperative or postoperative complications.An uneventful operation was performed with laparoscopically completed procedures in 160 min.The intraoperative loss of blood was around 50 mL.After patient a discharge on day 11,complete relief from the subxiphoid pain was reported at a follow-up visit 15 mo later.Laparoscopic pancreatic duct incision with stone removal and T-type tube drainage is applicable in carefully selected patients and can be effectively and safely used for the treatment of the abdominal pain of chronic pancreatitis.

Efficacy and Safety of Transanal Tube Drainage for Prevention of Anastomotic Leakage Following Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancers

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery is widely used for the treatment of colorectal cancer. But anastomotic leakage is one of the most serious complications following laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether transanal drainage tube placement can reduce anastomotic leakage and avoid re-operation after laparoscopic LAR. Methods: Retrospective assessment was performed on 143 patients with rectal cancers who underwent laparoscopic LAR between April 2009 and March 2016. A diverting stoma was not created in all 143 patients. A transanal drainage tube was placed after anastomosis using a double stapling technique, in 90 patients (group TT). In group TT, a 24 Fr. Silicon catheter was inserted into the anus and was placed approximately 20 - 25 cm in the descending colon. Another 53 patients were operated on without a transanal drainage tube (group NTT). Clinicopathological and operative variables, the frequencies of anastomotic leakage and re-operation after leakage were investigated. Results: Between the two groups (Group TT and NTT), age, gender, body mass index, tumor size, Dukes’ stage, the number of Liniar stapler firings for rectal transaction, and the rate of left colic artery preservation were comparable. Intra-operative blood loss and operation time decreased group TT from group NTT (p < 0.05). The frequency of leakage was 2.8% (2/69) in group TT and was 13.2% (7/53) in group NTT. The rate of leakage was significantly lower in group TT (p = 0.03). Furthermore, the re-operation rate for symptomatic anastomotic leakage was 0% (0/2) in group TT, while in contrast it was 28.5% (2/7) in group NTT. The rate of re-operation was lower in group TT than group NTT (p = 0.07) and all cases with symptomatic leakage in group TT were cured by conservative treatment. There was no side effect of transanal drainage tube (perforation or bleeding of the colon, or deviation of the tube) in Group TT. Conclusions: Transanal drainage tube placement prevents anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic LAR. We regard the transnanal drainage tube to be safe and effective without side effect.

Novel brachytherapy drainage tube loaded with double 125I strands for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A case report

BACKGROUND Hilar cholangiocarcinoma(CC)is a common malignant tumor with high malignancy and poor prognosis.Most patients have lost the opportunity to undergo radical surgery when diagnosed.Although palliative drainage or biliary stent placement is a preferable choice,the tumor cannot be controlled.This study aimed to develop a novel brachytherapy drainage tube for low-dose-rate brachytherapy with an effective drainage,thereby prolonging the survival time of patients.CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old male patient had undergone choledochal stent implantation due to obstructive jaundice.He was admitted to the hospital because of the recurrence of jaundice.Preoperative imaging and pathological biopsy revealed hilar CC(Bismuth-Corlette type IIIa).First,the patient underwent percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage and the symptoms of jaundice gradually relieved.To further treat hilar CC and remove the biliary drainage tube as far as possible,the patient chose to use the novel brachytherapy drainage tube after a multi-disciplinary consultation.After 1 mo of brachytherapy,the re-examination revealed that the obstructive lesions disappeared,and the drainage tube was finally removed.During the following 10 mo of follow-up,the patient's hilar CC did not recur.CONCLUSION The novel brachytherapy drainage tube may be a new choice for patients with unresectable hilar CC.

Triple tube drainage for “difficult” gastroduodenal perforations:A prospective study

AIM To prospectively study the outcome of difficult gastroduodenal perforations(GDPs) treated by triple tube drainage(TTD) in order to standardize the procedure.METHODS Patients presenting to a single surgical unit of a tertiary hospital with difficult GDPs(large, unfavourable local and systemic factors) were treated with TTD(gastrostomy, duodenostomy and feeding jejunostomy). Postoperative parameters were observed like time to return of bowel sounds, time to start enteral feeds, time to start oral feeds, daily output of all drains, time to clamping/removal of all drains, time for skin to heal, complications, hospital stay, and, mortality. Descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS Between December 2013 and April 2015, 20 patients undergoing TTD for GDP were included, with mean age of 44.6 ± 19.8 years and male:female ratio of 17:3. Mean pre-operative APACHE Ⅱ scores were 10.85 ± 3.55; most GDPs were prepyloric(9/20; 45%) or proximal duodenal(8/20; 40%) and mean size was 1.83 ± 0.59 cm(largest 2.5 cm). Median times of resumption of enteral feeding, removal of gastrostomy, removal of duodenostomy,removal of feeding jejunostomy and oral feeding were 4 d(4-5 IQR), 13(12-16.5 IQR), 16(16.25-22.25 IQR), 18(16.5-24 IQR) and 12 d(10.75-18.5 IQR) respectively. Median hospital stay was 22 d(19-26 IQR) while mortality was 4/20(20%). CONCLUSION TTD for difficult GDP is feasible, easy in the emergency, and patients recover in two-three weeks. It obviates the need for technically demanding and riskier procedures.

How to secure the connection between thoracostomy tube and drainage system?

BACKGROUND: Thoracostomy tube insertion is one of the common bedside procedures in emergency medicine and many acute specialties. Dislodgement of thoracostomy tube from the connection tube of chest drainage system is an important problem with potential complications such as contamination, infection and pneumothorax. Besides, mere loosening can also lead to malfunction. It is a common practice to tape the connection of the system. This study aimed to evaluate the materials and methods of connection of chest drain system to minimize drainage dislodgement. METHODS: We conducted an experimental study to assess the tightness of the connection with various taping materials and methods. We selected three commonly used adhesive materials(3M^(tm) Transpore^(tm) Medical tape, 3M^(tm) Micropore^(tm) Medical tape, 3M^(tm) Soft Cloth Tape on Liner) and three different methods(cross method, straight method, nylon band) to secure the junction between the thoracostomy tube and the bi-conical adaptor in the drainage system. The measured outcome was the weight causing visible loosening of the junction between thoracotomy tube and the adaptor.RESULTS: For each taping material and taping method, 10 trials were performed. The median weight required to disconnect the junction is 26.22 lb for Transpore^(tm), 31.29 lb for Micropore^(tm) and 32.44 lb for Soft Cloth Tape on Liner. A smaller force was required to disconnect if Transpore^(tm) is used(P<0.001). There was no statistical signifi cant difference between Micropore^(tm) and Soft Cloth Tape on Liner(P=0.98). The median disconnecting force is 32.44 lb for straight taping method, 40.55 lb for cross taping method and 21.15 lb for plastic band. The cross-taping method was the more secure method(P<0.0001 when compared with plastic band)(P=0.033 when compared with straight method).CONCLUSION: Cross-taping is the most secure method among the tested varieties in connecting the thoracostomy tube to the chest drainage system. Transpore^(tm) is not a recommended material for thoracostomy tube taping.

Research on a bifurcation location algorithm of a drainage tube based on 3D medical images

Based on patient computerized tomography data,we segmented a region containing an intracranial hematoma using the threshold method and reconstructed the 3D hematoma model.To improve the efficiency and accuracy of identifying puncture points,a point-cloud search arithmetic method for modified adaptive weighted particle swarm optimization is proposed and used for optimal external axis extraction.According to the characteristics of the multitube drainage tube and the clinical needs of puncture for intracranial hematoma removal,the proposed algorithm can provide an optimal route for a drainage tube for the hematoma,the precise position of the puncture point,and preoperative planning information,which have considerable instructional significance for clinicians.

Metal stent combined with ileus drainage tube for the treatment of delayed rectal perforation: A case report

BACKGROUND Acute iatrogenic colorectal perforation(AICP)is a serious adverse event,and immediate AICP usually requires early endoscopic closure.Immediate surgical repair is required if the perforation is large,the endoscopic closure fails,or the patient's clinical condition deteriorates.In cases of delayed AICP(>4 h),surgical repair or enterostomy is usually performed,but delayed rectal perforation is rare.CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old male patient underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)at a local hospital for the treatment of a laterally spreading tumor of the rectum,and the wound was closed by an endoscopist using a purse-string suture.Unfortunately,the patient then presented with delayed rectal perforation(6 h after ESD).The surgeons at the local hospital attempted to treat the perforation and wound surface using transrectal endoscopic microsurgery(TEM);however,the perforation worsened and became enlarged,multiple injuries to the mucosa around the perforation and partial tearing of the rectal mucosa occurred,and the internal anal sphincter was damaged.As a result,the perforation became more complicated.Due to the increased bleeding,surgical treatment with suturing could not be performed using TEM.Therefore,the patient was sent to our medical center for follow-up treatment.After a multidisciplinary discussion,we believed that the patient should undergo an enterostomy.However,the patient strongly refused this treatment plan.Because the position of the rectal perforation was relatively low and the intestine had been adequately prepared,we attempted to treat the complicated delayed rectal perforation using a self-expanding covered mental stent(SECMS)in combination with a transanal ileus drainage tube(TIDT).CONCLUSION For patients with complicated delayed perforation in the lower rectum and adequate intestinal preparation,a SECMS combined with a TIDT can be used and may result in very good outcomes.

Decompression of Malignant Large-bowel Obstruction with a Self-expanding Metallic Stent or Transanal Drainage Tube

Objective To compare the outcomes after self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) or transanal drainage tube (TDT) placement in patients with malignant large-bowel obstruction (MLBO). Methods Seventy-three patients with MLBO from the clinical unit underwent SEMS (n = 51) or TDT (n = 22) placement from 2012 to 2017. The success rates of placement, clinical outcomes after decompression, complications, the time to resuming enteral nutrition (EN), Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scoring and the following-up therapeutic options were investigated. Results Technical success were achieved in 100% of patients in both groups. The clinical success rates were 98.0%(50/51) for SEMS and 95.5%(21/22) for TDT. No perforation was found in any group, while 3.9%(2/51) in the SEMS and 18.2%(4/22) in TDT group experienced displacement (P = 0.26). It took 2.1 IQR (0~2) days and 3 IQR (2~5) days to resume EN in the SEMS and TDT groups, respectively (P < 0.001). The KPS scores were significantly higher in patients implanted with SEMS (70, IQR 50~80) than in those with TDT (35, IQR 30~50)(P < 0.001). In the SEMS group, 37.3%(19/51) of patients underwent stenting as a bridge to surgery, 9.8%(5/51) for chemotherapy only and 52.9%(27/51) for palliation, while 40.9%(9/22), 0 and 59.1%(13/22) underwent placement for these reasons in the TDT group, respectively. The majority (6/9) of the patients who underwent TDT placement as a bridge to surgery required stoma creation, while only 31.6%(6/19) of those in the SEMS group needed a stoma (P = 0.080). In addition, anastomotic leakage was only found in the TDT group (2/9)(P = 0.10). Conclusion Both SEMS and TDT placement could provide clinical relief for MLBO. However, SEMS placement is associated with earlier EN, fewer complications, and benefits for the postoperative quality-of-life.

Factors Inducing Drainage Tube Complications After Hepatobiliary Surgery

Objective:To explore the main factors of drainage tube complications after hepatobiliary surgery.Methods:From November 2019 to October 2021,103 patients with drainage tube complications after hepatobiliary surgery in Changshu No.2 People’s Hospital were selected as subjects for this study;the factors of postoperative drainage tube complications were analyzed by retrospective analysis.Results:The complications of drainage tubes include cavity organ damage,sliding of drainage tube into the abdominal cavity,broken drainage tube,blocked drainage tube,bleeding in drainage tube,bleeding from the mouth of drainage tube,abdominal cavity infection caused by drainage tube,and intestinal obstruction caused by drainage tube compression;the number of cases were 9,8,12,21,18,17,8,and 10,accounting for 8.74%,7.77%,11.65%,20.39%,17.48%,16.50%,7.77%,and 9.70%,respectively;the causes of these complications include early and late removal of drainage tube,improper positioning,color of drainage fluid,drainage tube falling out or self-removal,and so on.Conclusion:After hepatobiliary surgery,although the complications caused by drainage tubes have certain relationship with the indwelling time and surgery,the most critical is related to postoperative nursing care;therefore,it is necessary to observe the condition of the drainage tube and draining fluid after surgery,including the color of the fluid,its flow rate,and whether the drainage tube leaks or falls out;after surgery,patients should be encouraged to cooperate with the medical staffs,and family members should be reminded to pay attention to the observation of patients and informed about matters needing attention,so as to reduce the incidence of drainage tube complications after hepatobiliary surgery.

Pediatric T-tube in adult liver transplantation:Technical refinements of insertion and removal

BACKGROUND With the increasing use of extended-criteria donor organs,the interest around Ttubes in liver transplantation(LT)was restored whilst concerns regarding T-tuberelated complications persist.AIM To describe insertion and removal protocols implemented at our institution to safely use pediatric rubber 5-French T-tubes and subsequent outcomes in a consecutive series of adult patients.METHODS Data of consecutive adult LT patients from brain-dead donors,treated from March 2017 to December 2019,were collected(i.e.,biliary complications,adverse events,treatment after T-Tube removal).Patients with upfront hepaticojejunostomy,endoscopically removed T-tubes,those who died or received retransplantation before T-tube removal were excluded.RESULTS Seventy-two patients were included in this study;T-tubes were removed 158 d(median;IQR 128-206 d)after LT.In four(5.6%)patients accidental T-tube removal occurred requiring monitoring only;in 68(94.4%)patients Nelaton drain insertion was performed according to our protocol,resulting in 18(25%)patients with a biliary output,subsequently removed after 2 d(median;IQR 1-4 d).Three(4%)patients required endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)due to persistent Nelaton drain output.Three(4%)patients developed suspected biliary peritonitis,requiring ERCP with sphincterotomy and nasobiliary drain insertion(only one revealing contrast extravasation);no patient required percutaneous drainage or emergency surgery.CONCLUSION The use of pediatric rubber 5-French T-tubes in LT proved safe in our series after insertion and removal procedure refinements.

LCBDE术中一期缝合与T管引流的术后胆漏发生率比较

目的比较腹腔镜胆总管探查术中(LCBDE)行一期缝合和T管引流的术后胆漏发生率,并分析术后胆漏的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2022年11月于温州医科大学附属第一医院行LCBDE的患者资料,分为一期缝合组和T管引流组,采用Logistic多因素回归分别分析两组发生胆漏的危险因素。对两组中有肝内结石、上段胆总管结石、最大结石直径、体温最高值和中性粒细胞百分比5项指标进行倾向性评分匹配(PSM)后,比较两组胆漏发生率。结果共纳入患者1052例,其中143例患者发生术后胆漏,发生率为13.5%。Logistic多因素回归分析显示年龄>60岁为一期缝合组(n=506)胆漏的危险因素(OR=2.242,95%CI 1.300-4.038,P=0.005),主刀医师实施LCBDE少于10例为T管引流组(n=546)胆漏的危险因素(OR=3.525,95%CI 1.469-7.996,P=0.003)。经PSM成功匹配383对患者,一期缝合组胆漏发生率较T管引流组高[15.1%(58/383)vs 9.9%(38/383),P=0.029]。结论患者年龄>60岁是行LCBDE术中一期缝合后发生胆漏的独立危险因素,医师经验不足(主刀医师实施LCBDE少于10例)是行留置T管后发生胆漏的独立危险因素。相较于一期缝合,留置T管引流可以降低LCBDE术后胆漏的发生率。

LCBDE术并一期缝合与并T形管引流治疗老年胆总管结石的临床研究

目的 分析老年胆总管结石患者应用经腹腔镜胆总管切开探查并取石术(Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Ex-ploration,LCBDE)并一期缝合与并T形管引流治疗取得的疗效。方法 采用目的抽样法选取2020年2月—2023年12月安徽省池州市人民医院78例老年胆总管结石患者为研究对象(均行LCBDE术治疗),按照治疗方法不同分为两组,每组39例,分别提供一期缝合治疗(观察组)和T形管引流治疗(对照组),比较两组手术时间、引流时间、住院时间、出血量、并发症发生率。结果 两组引流时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组手术时间、住院时间短于对照组,出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组水电解质紊乱率(2.56%)、胆道出血率为(0)、残余结石率(2.56%)、胆道感染率为(0)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.924、5.343、3.924、5.343,P均<0.05)。结论 老年胆总管结石应用LCBDE术并一期缝合的效果更佳,相比于T形管引流治疗,可以更好地改善患者预后,应用价值高。

胸腔内注射凝血酶、引流管悬吊联合治疗难治性气胸的疗效

目的探讨胸腔内注射凝血酶、引流管悬吊联合治疗难治性气胸的临床疗效,并观察该治疗方案对患者漏口闭合时间、发热发生率的影响。方法前瞻性选取2020年6月至2022年6月医院106例难治性气胸患者,依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组53例与研究组53例,对照组采用胸腔内注射凝血酶+常规胸腔闭式引流治疗,研究组采用胸腔内注射凝血酶+引流管悬吊治疗,观察2组临床疗效、留管时间、漏口闭合时间、住院时间、并发症(发热、胸膜粘连、纵隔气肿),对比2组治疗前、后肺功能指标[肺活量(VC)、残气量(RV)、肺一氧化碳弥散量(DLCO)、肺总量(TLC)]、血气分析指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、二氧化碳分压(PCO_(2))、氧合指数(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))、血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))]、6 min行走试验(6MWT)、Borg呼吸困难指数。结果治疗后,研究组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组留管时间、漏口闭合时间、住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05);研究组并发症少于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,2组VC、RV、DLCO、TLC高于治疗前,且与对照组相比,研究组更高(P<0.05);治疗后,2组PaO_(2)、PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)、SaO_(2)高于治疗前,PaCO_(2)、Borg呼吸困难指数低于治疗前,6MWT长于治疗前,且与对照组相比,研究组变化幅度更大(P<0.05)。结论胸腔内注射凝血酶联合引流管悬吊治疗难治性气胸效果显著,可改善患者肺功能指标、血气指标,减轻呼吸困难症状,提高运动耐量,缩短恢复时间,且不会增加并发症。

胸腔内注射凝血酶联合引流管悬吊治疗难治性气胸的临床疗效

目的观察胸腔内注射凝血酶联合引流管悬吊治疗难治性气胸的临床疗效。方法纳入2022年5月—2023年5月医院接受胸腔内注射凝血酶联合引流管悬吊治疗的60例难治性气胸患者,作为观察组,并纳入同时期医院接受持续胸腔闭式引流,辅助以持续负压吸引常规内科治疗的52例难治性气胸患者,作为对照组;治疗3周后比较两组临床疗效、临床指标(炎症发生率、肺部感染情况、肺功能障碍发生情况、刺激性咳嗽)、免疫功能指标[成熟T淋巴细胞(CD_(3)^(+))、指诱导性T细胞/辅助性T细胞(CD_(4)^(+))、抑制性T细胞/细胞毒性T细胞(CD_(8)^(+))]以及药物不良反应的发生情况。结果治疗3周后,观察组和对照组总有效率分别为96.67%(58/60)和82.69%(43/52),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3周后,观察组和对照组的临床指标(炎症发生率、肺部感染情况、肺功能障碍发生情况、刺激性咳嗽)有所好转,且观察组优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3周后,观察组和的对照组的CD_(3)^(+)分别为(1 890.39±172.45)、(860.11±93.64)μL;观察组和的对照组的CD_(4)^(+)分别为(900.63±94.13)、(478.17±50.74)μL;观察组和的对照组的CD_(8)^(+)分别为(800.41±84.35)、(330.42±30.86)μL,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组和观察组治疗期间均无不良反应,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胸腔内注射凝血酶联合引流管悬吊治疗难治性气胸有良好的临床疗效,且治愈率较高。

带针胸管胸腔闭式引流术联合高频机械通气治疗新生儿气胸的临床效果

目的:分析带针胸管胸腔闭式引流术联合高频机械通气(HFOV)治疗新生儿气胸的临床效果及安全性。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年12月昆明市第一人民医院收治的新生儿气胸患儿62例为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各31例。对照组实施传统胸腔闭式引流术联合常频机械通气治疗,观察组实施带针胸管胸腔闭式引流术联合HFOV治疗。比较两组治疗效果、血气分析指标、治疗指标及并发症发生率。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.006);治疗12 h后,两组动脉血氧分压、动脉血二氧化碳分压、氧合指数、吸入氧浓度优于治疗前,观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组操作时间、起效时间、呼吸机参数下调时间、胸部X线恢复正常时间、住院时间短于对照组,伤口直径小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.005)。结论:带针胸管胸腔闭式引流术联合HFOV治疗新生儿气胸的效果显著,可改善新生儿血气分析指标,缩短病情转归时间,安全性较高。

XEN引流管植入联合丝裂霉素C治疗开角型青光眼

目的:探讨XEN引流管植入联合丝裂霉素C(MMC)治疗开角型青光眼(OAG)的临床疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性纳入OAG患者37例37眼,按初始接受抗青光眼手术治疗与否分为初次青光眼手术组17例17眼,多次青光眼手术组20例20眼,记录各随访时间点眼压、降眼压药物种类及并发症,术后随访时间大于1 a。结果:术后1 a,初次与多次青光眼手术组眼压分别从术前27.56±9.94、28.43±14.18 mmHg降至15.16±3.65、17.18±5.83 mmHg,分别下降55.01%和60.43%(t=4.863,P<0.001;t=3.255,P=0.004)。术后不同时间点两组眼压均较术前降低,时间有差异(F_(时间)=6.876,P_(时间)<0.001),组间及交互均无差异(F_(组间)=0.242,P_(组间)=0.626;F_(时间×组间)=0.959,P_(时间×组间)=0.458)。两组手术完全成功率分别为47%、45%,条件成功率为76%、75%(Z=-0.115,P=0.909),完全成功与条件成功累积生存率分析均无差异(χ^(2)=0.042,P=0.838;χ^(2)=0.004,P=0.949)。术后1 a随访时两组降眼压药物均由术前的3(2,3)种减少为1(0,2)种(Z=-3.289、-3.796,均P<0.001),组间无差异(Z=-0.581,P=0.561)。术后短期并发症以低眼压为主,前房出血次之,远期并发症以滤过泡包裹为主,除外引流管暴露及脱落各1眼,无其他严重并发症发生。结论:XEN引流管植入联合MMC治疗初次与多次青光眼手术OAG患眼均安全有效,但多次青光眼手术组滤过泡包裹发生率高。

短节段腰椎融合后引流时间与早期疗效的关系

背景:引流管作为腰椎术后常规方式方便术后出血引流及管理,目前对于风险较小的短节段腰椎术后拔管时间选择仍未达成共识。目的:探讨短节段腰椎融合后不同引流时间对早期临床疗效的影响。方法:对西南医科大学附属医院2017年3月至2021年4月因腰椎退行性疾病行经后路椎体间融合的220例患者进行前瞻性随机对照研究,随机分为术后第2天拔管组(A组)、术后第3天拔管组(B组)、观察法24 h引流量<30 mL后拔管组(C组)。观察比较3组患者围术期指标及随访结果。结果与结论:(1)因患者失访7例,排除2例,最终纳入211例,其中A组72例,B组71例,C组68例;(2)C组平均引流时间2.91 d;3组间术后引流量A组明显少于B、C组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);术后第3天红细胞压积值C组低于A、B组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);术后下床活动及住院时间A组短于B、C两组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);(3)A组4例、B组2例、C组3例患者接受同种异体输血,组间相比差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);(4)术后并发症方面,3组术后伤口渗漏及手术部位感染情况相比,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);(5)所有患者均获12个月以上随访,3组患者术后出院前及末次随访目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数均较术前明显改善(P<0.05),组间比较差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);(6)提示腰椎后路椎体间融合术后第2天拔除引流管可有效减少下床活动时间和住院时间,不增加术后失血量及并发症风险。

非小细胞肺癌患者电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术中采用不同引流管的效果对比

目的对比不同引流管在非小细胞肺癌患者电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术中的临床使用效果。方法采用前瞻性随机对照研究方法,纳入行电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗的116例非小细胞肺癌患者为研究对象,采用抽签法将其分为对照组(58例)与观察组(58例),对照组采用常规28F胸腔闭氏引流管,观察组采用16F超细引流管,对比两组手术临床指标、术后引流量、术后疼痛程度、引流时间、住院时间及并发症。结果两组手术时间、术中淋巴结清扫数目、术中出血量、术后1 d、2 d、3 d时引流量、引流时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组住院时间短于对照组,术后1 d、2 d、3 d时视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与常规28F胸腔闭式引流管比较,16F超细引流管可减轻非小细胞肺癌患者电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者术后疼痛,减少并发症发生。

管道护理风险评估在脑肿瘤外科手术后脑室引流管护理管理中的应用效果

目的探究管道护理风险评估在脑肿瘤外科手术后脑室引流管护理管理中的应用效果。方法选取2020年3月至2022年3月在我院外科进行脑肿瘤外科手术后脑室引流手术的86例患者为研究对象,按分层随机化法将其分为对照组与观察组,各43例。对照组采用常规管道护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用管道护理风险评估。比较两组的非计划性拔管发生情况、管道阻塞发生情况、并发症发生情况、疼痛程度及护理满意度。结果观察组的非计划性拔管率及管道阻塞率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的颅内感染、脑膜炎及出血发生率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。插管时、插管3 d后,观察组的视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的护理总满意率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论管道护理风险评估应用于脑肿瘤外科手术后脑室引流管护理管理中,可以降低非计划性拔管率和管道阻塞率,减轻疼痛,减少并发症,可在临床上进一步推广。

东胜气田井筒O_(2)腐蚀评价与防护对策研究

膜分离制氮气举技术是东胜气田积液井、水淹井排出积液进而恢复产能的重要手段之一。但目前移动式膜分离制氮技术制取的氮气中O_(2)体积分数为5%左右,随着注入次数、注入量的增加,井筒管柱的O_(2)腐蚀问题愈发严重。该研究通过高温高压动态腐蚀试验明确了东胜气田腐蚀影响规律。试验表明:含O_(2)环境下,N80材质腐蚀速率稍大于P110材料;浸没程度对O_(2)腐蚀速率的影响为全浸没>半浸没>未浸没。据此优选抗O_(2)腐蚀缓蚀剂,室内评价试验表明:钼酸钠+葡萄糖酸钠型缓蚀剂缓蚀率达90%以上。现场3口试验井均取得了较好的缓蚀效果,最大缓蚀率达73.33%。