Throughout the globe,diabetes mellitus（DM） is increasing in incidence with limited therapies presently available to prevent or resolve the significant complications of this disorder.DM impacts multiple organs and af...Throughout the globe,diabetes mellitus（DM） is increasing in incidence with limited therapies presently available to prevent or resolve the significant complications of this disorder.DM impacts multiple organs and affects all components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that can range from dementia to diabetic neuropathy.The mechanistic target of rapamycin（m TOR） is a promising agent for the development of novel regenerative strategies for the treatment of DM.m TOR and its related signaling pathways impact multiple metabolic parameters that include cellular metabolic homeostasis,insulin resistance,insulin secretion,stem cell proliferation and differentiation,pancreatic β-cell function,and programmed cell death with apoptosis and autophagy.m TOR is central element for the protein complexes m TOR Complex 1（m TORC1） and m TOR Complex 2（m TORC2） and is a critical component for a number of signaling pathways that involve phosphoinositide 3-kinase（PI 3-K）,protein kinase B（Akt）,AMP activated protein kinase（AMPK）,silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）（SIRT1）,Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1（WISP1）,and growth factors.As a result,m TOR represents an exciting target to offer new clinical avenues for the treatment of DM and the complications of this disease.Future studies directed to elucidate the delicate balance m TOR holds over cellular metabolism and the impact of its broad signaling pathways should foster the translation of these targets into effective clinical regimens for DM.展开更多
Objective:The aim of our study was to investigate the distribution of glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) gene polymorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients...Objective:The aim of our study was to investigate the distribution of glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) gene polymorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in a high risk area in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China.Methods:It was a case-control study.The genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in 181 HCC and 126 NPC patients were compared with 641 matched control.The GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were detected using conventional multiplex PCR method.Results:The frequency of GSTM1 null genotype in HCC,NPC and control groups were 65.2%,61.9% and 47.6% respectively,significant difference between these two cancer groups and control was observed (P < 0.01).The frequency of GSTT1 null genotype in HCC,NPC and control groups were 57.5%,62.7% and 43.1% respectively,significant difference between these two cancer groups and control was observed (P < 0.01).Conclusion:The distributions of GSTM1 and T1 genes are polymorphic in HCC and NPC patients in a high risk area in Guangxi,individuals with GSTM1-null or GSTT1-null would have an increasing risk of developing HCC and NPC,especially when combination with virus infection (HBV or EBV) and absorbed chemical toxin (AFB1 or cigarette).展开更多
基金supported by American Diabetes Association,American Heart Association,NIH NIEHS,NIH NIA,NIH NINDS,and NIH ARRA
文摘Throughout the globe,diabetes mellitus（DM） is increasing in incidence with limited therapies presently available to prevent or resolve the significant complications of this disorder.DM impacts multiple organs and affects all components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that can range from dementia to diabetic neuropathy.The mechanistic target of rapamycin（m TOR） is a promising agent for the development of novel regenerative strategies for the treatment of DM.m TOR and its related signaling pathways impact multiple metabolic parameters that include cellular metabolic homeostasis,insulin resistance,insulin secretion,stem cell proliferation and differentiation,pancreatic β-cell function,and programmed cell death with apoptosis and autophagy.m TOR is central element for the protein complexes m TOR Complex 1（m TORC1） and m TOR Complex 2（m TORC2） and is a critical component for a number of signaling pathways that involve phosphoinositide 3-kinase（PI 3-K）,protein kinase B（Akt）,AMP activated protein kinase（AMPK）,silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）（SIRT1）,Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1（WISP1）,and growth factors.As a result,m TOR represents an exciting target to offer new clinical avenues for the treatment of DM and the complications of this disease.Future studies directed to elucidate the delicate balance m TOR holds over cellular metabolism and the impact of its broad signaling pathways should foster the translation of these targets into effective clinical regimens for DM.
基金Supported by agrant from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 39860032)
文摘Objective:The aim of our study was to investigate the distribution of glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) gene polymorphism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in a high risk area in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China.Methods:It was a case-control study.The genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in 181 HCC and 126 NPC patients were compared with 641 matched control.The GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were detected using conventional multiplex PCR method.Results:The frequency of GSTM1 null genotype in HCC,NPC and control groups were 65.2%,61.9% and 47.6% respectively,significant difference between these two cancer groups and control was observed (P < 0.01).The frequency of GSTT1 null genotype in HCC,NPC and control groups were 57.5%,62.7% and 43.1% respectively,significant difference between these two cancer groups and control was observed (P < 0.01).Conclusion:The distributions of GSTM1 and T1 genes are polymorphic in HCC and NPC patients in a high risk area in Guangxi,individuals with GSTM1-null or GSTT1-null would have an increasing risk of developing HCC and NPC,especially when combination with virus infection (HBV or EBV) and absorbed chemical toxin (AFB1 or cigarette).
