Improving Video Watermarking through Galois Field GF(2^(4)) Multiplication Tables with Diverse Irreducible Polynomials and Adaptive Techniques

Video watermarking plays a crucial role in protecting intellectual property rights and ensuring content authenticity.This study delves into the integration of Galois Field(GF)multiplication tables,especially GF(2^(4)),and their interaction with distinct irreducible polynomials.The primary aim is to enhance watermarking techniques for achieving imperceptibility,robustness,and efficient execution time.The research employs scene selection and adaptive thresholding techniques to streamline the watermarking process.Scene selection is used strategically to embed watermarks in the most vital frames of the video,while adaptive thresholding methods ensure that the watermarking process adheres to imperceptibility criteria,maintaining the video's visual quality.Concurrently,careful consideration is given to execution time,crucial in real-world scenarios,to balance efficiency and efficacy.The Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)serves as a pivotal metric to gauge the watermark's imperceptibility and video quality.The study explores various irreducible polynomials,navigating the trade-offs between computational efficiency and watermark imperceptibility.In parallel,the study pays careful attention to the execution time,a paramount consideration in real-world scenarios,to strike a balance between efficiency and efficacy.This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the interplay of GF multiplication tables,diverse irreducible polynomials,scene selection,adaptive thresholding,imperceptibility,and execution time.The evaluation of the proposed algorithm's robustness was conducted using PSNR and NC metrics,and it was subjected to assessment under the impact of five distinct attack scenarios.These findings contribute to the development of watermarking strategies that balance imperceptibility,robustness,and processing efficiency,enhancing the field's practicality and effectiveness.

A novel control strategy for reproducing the floor motions of high-rise buildings by earthquake-simulating shake tables

To enable the experimental assessment of the seismic performance of full-scale nonstructural elements with multiple engineering parameters(EDPs),a three-layer testbed named Nonstructural Element Simulator on Shake Table(NEST)has been developed.The testbed consists of three consecutive floors of steel structure.The bottom two floors provide a space to accommodate a full-scale room.To fully explore the flexibility of NEST,we propose a novel control strategy to generate the required shake table input time histories for the testbed to track the target floor motions of the buildings of interest with high accuracy.The control strategy contains two parts:an inverse dynamic compensation via simulation of feedback control systems(IDCS)algorithm and an offline iteration procedure based on a refined nonlinear numerical model of the testbed.The key aspects of the control strategy were introduced in this paper.Experimental tests were conducted to simulate the seismic responses of a full-scale office room on the 21^(st)floor of a 42-story high-rise building.The test results show that the proposed control strategy can reproduce the target floor motions of the building of interest with less than 20%errors within the specified frequency range.

1997版与2007版Partin tables预测国人前列腺癌病理分期准确性的比较

目的:验证2007版Partin tables对国人前列腺癌患者病理特征预测的准确性,并与1997版进行比较。方法:选本院2003年1月至2007年9月间,116例前列腺癌患者经根治术后病理确诊为前列腺腺癌,术前资料具备前列摘要目的:验证2007版Partin tables对国人前列腺癌患者病理特征预测的准确性,并与1997版进行比较。方腺特异抗原(prostate specific antigen,PSA),临床分期,穿刺活检Gleason评分。根据术后病理分为四型:器官局限(OC),包膜外侵犯(EPE),精囊侵犯(SVI)与淋巴结转移(LNI)。患者中93例符合2007版Partin tables预测入选标准,113例符合1997版预测入选标准,每例患者中分别应用两版Partintables预测术后病理特征的可能性,并通过工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析法研究两版Partintables的预测准确性并行比较。结果:根据2007版或1997版Partin tables预测入选标准,本组患者OC、EPE、SVI、LNI发生率分别为51%、15%、13%、22%或50%、16%、12%、23%。应用2007版Partin tables预测OC、EPE、SVI、LNI的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.786、0.613、0.666和0.811,而应用1997版预测时分别为0.834、0.605、0.716、0.808。结论:两版Partin tables皆对OC及LNI有合理的预测价值(AUC>0.7),1997版Partin table比2007版显示出更佳的预侧准确性。

IPv6防火墙ip6tables过滤规则配置的图形界面设计

IPv6的逐渐流行,将带来头痛的IPv6网络安全问题。Linux2.4内核中自带了IPv6防火墙软件———ip6tables,它以命令行的规则配置方式提供了齐全的IPv6过滤功能。但ip6tables的命令行方式,对用户来说使用非常不便,同时使得过滤规则的扩充和修改也极为繁琐。为了更为有效地配置IPv6防火墙过滤规则,笔者针对ip6tables设计了一个用过滤规则配置的图形界面,从而可以方便快捷地应用功能强大的ip6tables。

Partin tables与Roach公式预测国人前列腺癌病理分期准确性的比较

[目的]比较1997版、2007版Partin tables及Roach公式三种方式对国人前列腺癌患者病理特征预测的准确性。[方法]对116例患者应用1997版和2007版的Partin tables查出并利用Roach公式计算出术后病理分期,并通过工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析法比较三种方式预测病理分期的准确性。[结果]应用1997版Partin tables预测器官局限,包膜外侵犯,精囊侵犯或淋巴结转移的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.834、0.605、0.716、0.808,而2007版分别为0.786、0.613、0.666和0.811;Roach公式预测包膜外侵犯,精囊侵犯或淋巴结转移的AUC分别为0.495、0.712、0.754。[结论]3种预测方式综合比较,1997版Partin tables对前列腺癌病理特征预测的准确性最佳。

Life Tables for the Experimental Population Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley at Different Temperatures

[Objective] The study was to investigate the effect of temperature on pop- ulation dynamics of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, so as to providing references for the control and prevention of this pest. [Method] The experimental populations were kept in laboratory and fed on cotton plants, and the major parameters of the population were recorded. [Result] By the construction of age specific life tables and reproductive life tables for the P. solenopsis experimental population at 24, 27, 30 ~C, more than 10 parameters were obtained, including mean generation time, survival rates of different stages and sexes, life expectancy, spawning period, fecundity amount per female, sexual ratio, net reproductive rate, intrinsic increase rate, finite increase rate, population trend index, curve of survival rate, and curve of daily fe- male oviposition, which revealed the effect of temperature on growth and develop- ment, life expectancy and fecundities of P. solenopsis. [Conclusion] The reproductive potential of the P. solenopsis population is very great at suitable temperature, making it easy to outbreak. The research provided scientific basis for population dynam- ics investigation, predication and integrated control of P. solenopsis.

On-line Popularity Monitoring Method Based on Bloom Filters and Hash tables for Differentiated Traffic

Towards line speed and accurateness on-line content popularity monitoring on Content Centric Networking(CCN) routers, we propose a three-stage scheme based on Bloom filters and hash tables for differentiated traffic. At the first stage, we decide whether to deliver the content to the next stage depending on traffic types. The second stage consisting of Standard Bloom filters(SBF) and Counting Bloom filters(CBF) identifies the popular content. Meanwhile, a scalable sliding time window based monitoring scheme for different traffic types is proposed to implement frequent and real-time updates by the change of popularities. Hash tables according with sliding window are used to record the popularity at the third stage. Simulation results reveal that this method reaches a 40 Gbps processing speed at lower error probability with less memory, and it is more sensitive to the change of popularity. Additionally, the architecture which can be implemented in CCN router is flexible and scalable.

Astronomical Tables in the“Lü-li zhi”:On the Characteristics and Adoption of“Licheng”Pick-up Tables

This article discusses the development of astronomical tables in ancient China based on the calendrical chapter titled“Lü-li zhi”律曆志(Monograph on harmonics and calendrical astronomy)in official histories.After surveying various types of astral scientific tables in ancient China and their layouts,this paper discusses the characteristics and adoption of“licheng”立成tables,a specific kind of pick-up table that seems to have come into use in the Sui period(581–618)and to have been widespread from the Tang period(618–907)onward.The emergence of licheng tables relates largely to the internal development of ancient Chinese astronomy,but they were also probably inspired by auspicial tables and foreign astronomical tables.By comparing tables recorded in the“Lü-li zhi”and the existing licheng tables,we find that most licheng were deleted during the compilation of“Lü-li zhi”to reduce the number of volumes.Moreover,this paper discusses several common solutions used to compress the size of tables in“Lü-li zhi.”The adoption of licheng tables into the ancient Chinese astral sciences and the reformatting of them in“Lü-li zhi”give us a different perspective for understanding the development of ancient Chinese astronomical tables and the compilation of the calendrical portion of official histories.

Adding Transitions of Undefined States to State Transition Tables for Testability Enhancement

In this paper we propose procedures to enhance testability by adding transitions of undefined states to state transition tables. In these procedures, transitions about undefined states, which are not described in state transition tables but exist in a synthesized gate level circuit, are added to a state transition table. Experimental results for MCNC benchmarks are shown.

Formatting Guide: Tables and Figures

Tables should each be presented in portrait （ not landscape） orientation and upright on the page, not sideways. Each table has a short, one-line title in bold text. Tables should be as small as possible. Symbols and abbreviations are defined immediately below the table, followed by essential descriptive material as briefly as possible.

Daily Dining Tables of Emperors in the Qing Dynasty

Dining table is the daily necessity for the Qing emperor.However,emperors’dining tables in the Royal Court were quite different from those of commoners’in the folk.According to archives,Qing emperors normally used low tables put on the heatable brick bed rather than high tables laid on the ground.These low dining tables were mainly made of red sandalwood,huanghuali wood and lacquered wood.In Qing emperor’s daily meal,not just one low table,but a combination of multiple low tables was used.When the emperor leaved the Forbidden City on trip or inspection tour,folding low tables were applied.

Exploring Soil Layers and Water Tables with Ground-Penetrating Radar

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been used predominantly for environments with low electrical conductivity like freshwater aquifers, glaciers, or dry sandy soils. The objective of the present study was to explore its application for mapping in subsurface agricultural soils to a depth of several meters. For a loamy sand and a clayey site on the North China Plain, clay inclusions in the sand were detected; the thickness, inclination, and continuity of the confining clay and silt layers was assessed; and a local water table was mapped. Direct sampling (soil coring and profiling) in the top meter and independent measurement of the water table were utilized to confirm the findings. Also, effective estimates of the dielectric number for the site with the dielectric number of moist clayey soils depending strongly on frequency were obtained. Thus, important properties of soils, like the arrangement and type of layers and in particular their continuity and inclination, could be explored with moderate efforts for rather large areas to help find optimal locations for the time-consuming and expensive measurements which would be necessary to detail a model of the subsurface.

Fitness of fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda to three solanaceous vegetables

The fall armyworm(FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda Smith(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)is an important agricultural pest that invaded China in the middle of December 2018.As a polyphagous pest,FAW is identified as a serious threat to agricultural production and food security in China.Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.),tomato(Solanum lycopersicum Mill.)and eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)are three of dominant solanaceous vegetables of this country.To our knowledge,the effects of these plants on the performances of FAW have not been well studied.In this study we assessed the fitness of this pest to these three plants.Results showed that FAW can complete its life cycle when fed with tomato and pepper,but not on eggplant.The population parameters of FAW fed with maize(Zea mays L.)and the three solanaceous vegetables were compared using the age-stage,two-sex life table method.Developmental duration was significantly different in the larval stage,but not in the pupae stage.FAW fed with pepper had the longest pre-adult period(41.73 d)and the lightest pupal weight(0.1134 g);the survival rate was lower than FAW fed with tomato.Significant differences were observed in the mean fecundity of female,with the highest(943.95 eggs)laid by FAW fed with tomato.FAW had the shortest mean generation time(T),the highest intrinsic rate of increase(r)and finite rate of increase(λ)on maize,and the highest net reproductive rate(R_(0))on tomato.Overall,FAW fitness on the three solanaceous vegetables was:tomato>pepper>eggplant.This study provides the foundation for further assessment of FAW risk to solanaceous vegetables and for establishing corresponding control strategies in China.

Effect of Perched Water Tables on Aluminosilicate Stability and Soil Genesis

The mineral stability and solute activities of soil solution extracted from selected horizons of seven studied pedons of Alfisols in Kentucky, USA, and the relationship between distribution of iron-manganese concretions and the restrictive layers were investigated. The results showed that the genesis and development of these soils and mineral weathering trends were strongly influenced by the depth of bedrock and the presence of perched water tables at lithic (limestone) interfaces due to the dissolution and buffering effect of limestone bedrock. The extractable Mg/Ca ratio as depth function and soil depth above bedrock could be used as indices of weathering and degree of soil development. Maximum iron-manganese concretion accumulation was found to occur in the horizon overlying clay horizon (>40% clay) with a sharp increase in clay content (>10%), which suggested that zones of Fe-Mn concretion accumulation in soils of the Inner Bluegrass Region appeared to be a sensitive genetic indicator of argillic horizons with restrictive permeability.

THE CONSTRUCTION OF SOME FORESTRY TABLES FOR DAHURIAN LARCH PLANTATIONS

Several growth models were selected to fit data of dahurian larch plantations using nonlinear regression analysis. The best models were used to construct the site index table' the 2-way volume table and the growth process table. The Chapman-Richards equation is the best model used as the guide curve to form the site index table for dahurian larch plantations.

An Extended Bivariate T-Distribution Type Symmetry Model for Square Contingency Tables

The purpose of this paper is to propose a new model of asymmetry for square contingency tables with ordered categories. The new model may be appropriate for a square contingency table if it is reasonable to assume an underlying bivariate t-distribution with different marginal variances having any degrees of freedom. As the degrees of freedom becomes larger, the proposed model approaches the extended linear diagonals-parameter symmetry model, which may be appropriate for a square table if it is reasonable to assume an underlying bivariate normal distribution. The simulation study based on bivariate t-distribution is given. An example is given.

Reactions on Rigid Legs of Rectangular Tables

A weight is placed on the top of a rectangular rigid ideal table with four legs, each leg is placed at each vertex of the rectangular table. It is assumed that the legs do not bend when the weight is added. The reactions are computed by assuming the table is supported on a beam, introducing two new beam parameters and minimizing a deflection function of the new parameters. A physical experiment is performed in the lab and the reactions on each leg are provided. The experimental results match the theoretical ones obtained by the proposed model. Geometrical interpretations of the results are given.

Rough Set Processing Model for Fuzzy Decision Tables with Weights

The classical rough set can not show the fuzziness and the importance of objects in decision procedure because it uses definite form to express each object. In order to solve this problem,this paper firstly introduces a special decision table in which each object has a membership degree to show its fuzziness and has been assigned a weight to show its importance in decision procedure. Then,the special decision table is studied and the relevant rough set model is provided. In the meantime,relevant definitions and theorems are proposed. On the above basis,an attribute reduction algorithm is presented. Finally,feasibility of the relevant rough set model and the presented attribute reduction algorithm are verified by an example.

Extended Diagonal Exponent Symmetry Model and Its Orthogonal Decomposition in Square Contingency Tables with Ordered Categories

For square contingency tables with ordered categories, this article proposes new models, which are the extension of Tomizawa’s [1] diagonal exponent symmetry model. Also it gives the decomposition of proposed model, and shows the orthogonality of the test statistics for decomposed models. Examples are given and the simulation studies based on the bivariate normal distribution are also given.

Asymmetry Index on Marginal Homogeneity for Square Contingency Tables with Ordered Categories

For square contingency tables with ordered categories, the present paper considers two kinds of weak marginal homogeneity and gives measures to represent the degree of departure from weak marginal homogeneity. The proposed measures lie between –1 to 1. When the marginal cumulative logistic model or the extended marginal homogeneity model holds, the proposed measures represent the degree of departure from marginal homogeneity. Using these measures, three kinds of unaided distance vision data are analyzed.