刀盘作为全断面岩石隧道掘进机(Full Face Rock Tunnel Boring Machine,TBM)的直接开挖部件,承受刀具破岩的全部载荷,其强度可靠性是评价TBM刀盘性能的重要指标。受复杂地质条件及刀岩相互作用机制的影响,刀盘在掘进过程中承受的载荷具...刀盘作为全断面岩石隧道掘进机(Full Face Rock Tunnel Boring Machine,TBM)的直接开挖部件,承受刀具破岩的全部载荷,其强度可靠性是评价TBM刀盘性能的重要指标。受复杂地质条件及刀岩相互作用机制的影响,刀盘在掘进过程中承受的载荷具有很强的随机性,故在单一特定工况下研究刀盘的强度性能已无法满足工程需求。鉴于此,本文建立一套随机载荷作用下TBM刀盘强度可靠性的分析方法。基于刀盘-岩石耦合计算模型获取掘进过程中刀具的破岩载荷;对破岩载荷进行统计分析,得到其分布特性及对应参数,并以此为依据构造刀具破岩的随机载荷,采用蒙特卡罗法对刀盘强度的可靠性进行分析。结果表明:安装半径最大的两把正滚刀的破岩载荷对刀盘强度失效的影响最为显著,其权重可达2/3;在常规岩层下高速施工或在硬岩地层维持正常开挖速度,都将显著降低刀盘的强度可靠性。研究结果可为刀盘的地质适应性设计及TBM施工参数控制提供参考。展开更多
刀盘是硬岩掘进机(TBM)的关键部件,为了研究刀盘刀具与掘进面耦合作用下载荷分布与变化规律,建立了某供水工程TBM刀盘-岩石相互作用的三维分析模型,基于显式动力学方法模拟TBM刀盘掘进过程,研究掌子面岩体的损伤失效状态以及刀盘刀具的...刀盘是硬岩掘进机(TBM)的关键部件,为了研究刀盘刀具与掘进面耦合作用下载荷分布与变化规律,建立了某供水工程TBM刀盘-岩石相互作用的三维分析模型,基于显式动力学方法模拟TBM刀盘掘进过程,研究掌子面岩体的损伤失效状态以及刀盘刀具的动态掘进载荷。研究得到了全盘刀具三向力载荷及刀盘总载荷(总推力、总扭矩),其中刀盘扭矩平均值1 560 k N·m,最大值5 880 k N·m,推力平均值3 444 k N,最大值7 296 k N;通过工程实例验证,得到实测载荷值稍大于仿真值,总推力误差为15.74%,总扭矩误差为15.38%,验证了仿真结果的有效性。在此基础上,对刀盘的动静态响应特性进行研究,得到刀盘在极限工况下最大应力100 MPa,最大变形0.695 mm,确定刀盘有足够的刚度强度。展开更多
The success of a tunnel-boring machine （TBM） in a given project depends on the functionality of all components of the system, from the cutters to the backup system, and on the entire rolling stock. However, no part ...The success of a tunnel-boring machine （TBM） in a given project depends on the functionality of all components of the system, from the cutters to the backup system, and on the entire rolling stock. However, no part of the machine plays a more crucial role in the efficient operation of the machine than its cutterhead. The design of the cutterhead impacts the efficiency of cutting, the balance of the head, the life of the cutters, the maintenance of the main bearing/gearbox, and the effectiveness of the mucking along with its effects on the wear of the face and gage cutters/muck buckets. Overall, cutterhead design heavily impacts the rate of penetration （ROP）, rate of machine utilization （U）, and daffy advance rate （AR）. Although there has been some discussion in commonly available publications regarding disk cutters, cutting forces, and some design features of the head, there is limited literature on this subject because the design of cutter- heads is mainly handled by machine manufacturers. Most of the design process involves proprietary algorithms by the manufacturers, and despite recent attention on the subject, the design of rock TBMs has been somewhat of a mystery to most end-users. This paper is an attempt to demystify the basic concepts in design. Although it may not be sufficient for a full-fledged design by the readers, this paper allows engineers and contractors to understand the thought process in the design steps, what to Look for in a proper design, and the implications of the head design on machine operation and life cycle.展开更多
全断面掘进机刀盘(TBM)是TBM的核心部件,TBM刀盘模型装配过程耗费设计人员大量的时间,不仅降低了刀盘整体设计的效率,还会由于操作人员对各类三维软件的不熟悉而降低刀盘装配的可靠性,因此对TBM刀盘自动装配进行系统开发很有必要。对工...全断面掘进机刀盘(TBM)是TBM的核心部件,TBM刀盘模型装配过程耗费设计人员大量的时间,不仅降低了刀盘整体设计的效率,还会由于操作人员对各类三维软件的不熟悉而降低刀盘装配的可靠性,因此对TBM刀盘自动装配进行系统开发很有必要。对工程上常见的几类典型结构刀盘装配体模型进行Solid Works二次开发做了研究,运用C#语言在Visual Studio 2010环境下进行Windows界面开发,最终开发出TBM刀盘自动装配系统的Solid Works插件,该系统具有自动装配和干涉检查功能,保证了自动装配后的刀盘模型准确、可靠。展开更多
Cutterhead loads are the key mechanical parameters for the strength design of the full face hard rock tunnel boring machine(TBM).Due to the brittle rock-breaking mechanism,the excavation loads acting on cutters fluctu...Cutterhead loads are the key mechanical parameters for the strength design of the full face hard rock tunnel boring machine(TBM).Due to the brittle rock-breaking mechanism,the excavation loads acting on cutters fluctuate strongly and show some randomness.The conventional method that using combinations of some special static loads to perform the strength design of TBM cutterhead may lead to strength failure during working practice.In this paper,a three-dimensional finite element model for coupled Cutterhead–Rock is developed to determine the cutterhead loads.Then the distribution characteristics and the influence factors of cutterhead loads are analyzed based on the numerical results.It is found that,as time changes,the normal and tangential forces acting on cutters and the total torque acting on the cutterhead approximately distribute log normally,while the total thrusts acting on the cutterhead approximately show a normal distribution.Furthermore,the statistical average values of cutterhead loads are proportional to the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of cutting rocks.The values also change with the penetration and the diameter of cutterhead following a power function.Based on these findings,we propose a three-parameter model for the mean of cutterhead loads and a method of generating the random cutter forces.Then the strength properties of a typical cutterhead are analyzed in detail using loads generated by the new method.The optimized cutterhead has been successfully applied in engineering.The method in this paper may provide a useful reference for the strength design of TBM cutterhead.展开更多
文摘刀盘作为全断面岩石隧道掘进机(Full Face Rock Tunnel Boring Machine,TBM)的直接开挖部件,承受刀具破岩的全部载荷,其强度可靠性是评价TBM刀盘性能的重要指标。受复杂地质条件及刀岩相互作用机制的影响,刀盘在掘进过程中承受的载荷具有很强的随机性,故在单一特定工况下研究刀盘的强度性能已无法满足工程需求。鉴于此,本文建立一套随机载荷作用下TBM刀盘强度可靠性的分析方法。基于刀盘-岩石耦合计算模型获取掘进过程中刀具的破岩载荷;对破岩载荷进行统计分析,得到其分布特性及对应参数,并以此为依据构造刀具破岩的随机载荷,采用蒙特卡罗法对刀盘强度的可靠性进行分析。结果表明:安装半径最大的两把正滚刀的破岩载荷对刀盘强度失效的影响最为显著,其权重可达2/3;在常规岩层下高速施工或在硬岩地层维持正常开挖速度,都将显著降低刀盘的强度可靠性。研究结果可为刀盘的地质适应性设计及TBM施工参数控制提供参考。
文摘为解决恶劣工况下全断面硬岩隧道掘进机(tunnel boring machine,TBM)关键主承力结构应变监测难、监测不准的难题,提出了一种基于BP神经网络和有限元分析的TBM刀盘关键位置应变重构方法.首先,通过静、动力学有限元分析确定了TBM刀盘关键位置,并提取了刀盘典型易损特征子结构.其次,基于有限元技术和实验设计(design of experiments,DOE)方法,分别进行了标准件和特征子结构多载荷下静力学有限元分析,并构建了载荷-应变数据库.最后,运用BP神经网络建立了标准样件和刀盘特征子结构的应变重构模型,并进行了标准样件的实验验证.结果表明,重构应变的平均误差为10%,验证了方法的可行性,为TBM刀盘复杂结构的应变重构提供了一种可行的方法.
文摘刀盘是硬岩掘进机(TBM)的关键部件,为了研究刀盘刀具与掘进面耦合作用下载荷分布与变化规律,建立了某供水工程TBM刀盘-岩石相互作用的三维分析模型,基于显式动力学方法模拟TBM刀盘掘进过程,研究掌子面岩体的损伤失效状态以及刀盘刀具的动态掘进载荷。研究得到了全盘刀具三向力载荷及刀盘总载荷(总推力、总扭矩),其中刀盘扭矩平均值1 560 k N·m,最大值5 880 k N·m,推力平均值3 444 k N,最大值7 296 k N;通过工程实例验证,得到实测载荷值稍大于仿真值,总推力误差为15.74%,总扭矩误差为15.38%,验证了仿真结果的有效性。在此基础上,对刀盘的动静态响应特性进行研究,得到刀盘在极限工况下最大应力100 MPa,最大变形0.695 mm,确定刀盘有足够的刚度强度。
文摘The success of a tunnel-boring machine （TBM） in a given project depends on the functionality of all components of the system, from the cutters to the backup system, and on the entire rolling stock. However, no part of the machine plays a more crucial role in the efficient operation of the machine than its cutterhead. The design of the cutterhead impacts the efficiency of cutting, the balance of the head, the life of the cutters, the maintenance of the main bearing/gearbox, and the effectiveness of the mucking along with its effects on the wear of the face and gage cutters/muck buckets. Overall, cutterhead design heavily impacts the rate of penetration （ROP）, rate of machine utilization （U）, and daffy advance rate （AR）. Although there has been some discussion in commonly available publications regarding disk cutters, cutting forces, and some design features of the head, there is limited literature on this subject because the design of cutter- heads is mainly handled by machine manufacturers. Most of the design process involves proprietary algorithms by the manufacturers, and despite recent attention on the subject, the design of rock TBMs has been somewhat of a mystery to most end-users. This paper is an attempt to demystify the basic concepts in design. Although it may not be sufficient for a full-fledged design by the readers, this paper allows engineers and contractors to understand the thought process in the design steps, what to Look for in a proper design, and the implications of the head design on machine operation and life cycle.
文摘全断面掘进机刀盘(TBM)是TBM的核心部件,TBM刀盘模型装配过程耗费设计人员大量的时间,不仅降低了刀盘整体设计的效率,还会由于操作人员对各类三维软件的不熟悉而降低刀盘装配的可靠性,因此对TBM刀盘自动装配进行系统开发很有必要。对工程上常见的几类典型结构刀盘装配体模型进行Solid Works二次开发做了研究,运用C#语言在Visual Studio 2010环境下进行Windows界面开发,最终开发出TBM刀盘自动装配系统的Solid Works插件,该系统具有自动装配和干涉检查功能,保证了自动装配后的刀盘模型准确、可靠。
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,Grant No.2013CB035042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11672202)
文摘Cutterhead loads are the key mechanical parameters for the strength design of the full face hard rock tunnel boring machine(TBM).Due to the brittle rock-breaking mechanism,the excavation loads acting on cutters fluctuate strongly and show some randomness.The conventional method that using combinations of some special static loads to perform the strength design of TBM cutterhead may lead to strength failure during working practice.In this paper,a three-dimensional finite element model for coupled Cutterhead–Rock is developed to determine the cutterhead loads.Then the distribution characteristics and the influence factors of cutterhead loads are analyzed based on the numerical results.It is found that,as time changes,the normal and tangential forces acting on cutters and the total torque acting on the cutterhead approximately distribute log normally,while the total thrusts acting on the cutterhead approximately show a normal distribution.Furthermore,the statistical average values of cutterhead loads are proportional to the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)of cutting rocks.The values also change with the penetration and the diameter of cutterhead following a power function.Based on these findings,we propose a three-parameter model for the mean of cutterhead loads and a method of generating the random cutter forces.Then the strength properties of a typical cutterhead are analyzed in detail using loads generated by the new method.The optimized cutterhead has been successfully applied in engineering.The method in this paper may provide a useful reference for the strength design of TBM cutterhead.
