Review: The vital role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and the etiology and pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19 based on TCM theory

"Yi"is defined in traditional Chinese medicine theory as the general pathological conditions of epidemics.Throughout thousands of years of history,TCM has been playing an essential role in preventing and treating epidemics in China.Showing significant efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)in 2002 and 2003,a medical intervention involving TCM was applied at the beginning of the pandemic of the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19),and has been found with good preventive and curative value in clinical practice.In this study,the etiology and pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19 was discussed on a TCM theory basis,and the clinically effective prevention and treatment methods/prescriptions were summarized.It is suggested that TCM has been playing a unique and vital role in preventing and treating COVID-19,and thus contributes greatly to public health.

Non-pharmacological therapy of TCM for the treatment of essential hypertension

Non-pharmacotogicat treatment is an important means to control hypertension, with many advantages such as tow cost, tess medication, stable btood pressure, tess compHcations, and improved prognosis. This article reviews the research progress of non-drug treatment of hypertension in Chinese medicine in the past five years, and evaluates traditional Chinese medicine such as TCM Qigong, Wuhuo opera, Ba Duanjin and Taijiquan, and Chinese medicine acupuncture, moxibustion, massage, apptication, acupoint embedding and other traditional Chinese medicine. The effect of external treatment in hypertension control provides guidance for non-drug therapy to control hypertension.

Effects of Traditional Chinese medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Breast Cancer with a focus on epigenetics regulation

Breast cancer has been an important factor that influenced women＇s health with its increasing incidence. The conventional research suggests that breast cancer is caused by genetic mutations, while some advanced studies have found that epigenetics plays an important role in the pathogenesis, prognosis, prevention and treatment of breast cancer Epigenetics is a new direction of research in the field of life sciences. Traditional Chinese medicine, like surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and endocrinotherapy, is an important part of comprehensive treatment of breast cancer, especially in the consolidation phase of treatment period,which can prevent recurrence or metastasis of breast cancer The theory of epigenetics has some similarities with the theory of TCM, such as ~Correspondence between human being and nature＂, ~Tongbing Yizhi＂ （treating the same disease with different methods）, ~Yibing Tongzhi＂ （treating different diseases with the same method） and the constitution science of TCM. Traditional Chinese medicine can be used to regulate epigenetic modification through DNA methylation, histone modification, miRNA, etc.. The abnormality of epigenetic information can be reversed, which is related to transferring balance between Yin and Yang in the body and making the body restore optimal nature state. This article discusses the application of epigenetics in the study of TCM and in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. It is a multidisciplinary review to explore the basis about epigenetics in prevention and treatment of breast cancer with TCM, and provide a reference for clinical practice

Hepatocellular carcinoma prevention:A worldwide emergence between the opulence of developed countries and the economic constraints of developing nations

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common neoplasm, the major cause of death in patients with liver cirrhosis, and the third most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. The geographic distribution of HCC varies significantly and 80% of cases occur in developing countries (Far East and South Asia) where the prevalence of viral hepatitis is higher. The treatment of HCC is difficult because most patients are diagnosed when the tumour is in an advanced stage and is not amenable to potential curative therapy, thus prevention is the key to reducing HCC and its related morbidity and mortality. HCC is unique among cancers, occurring mostly in patients with a known risk factor. Ninety percent of HCCs develop in the context of chronic liver diseases and mainly in patients with cirrhosis. Viral hepatitis is the most common cause of HCC worldwide, followed by alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and other causes such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), genetic haemocromatosis (GH) and primary biliary cirrhosis in an advanced stage (Ⅲ- Ⅴ). In certain areas of the People’s Republic of China, exposure to aflatoxin and HBV infection are thought to be responsible for the extraordinary high risk of HCC. Substantial progresses in the prevention of virusl-related hepatitis (screening of blood units, use of disposable sanitary tools, HBV vaccination) have been achieved in developed countries, but in the same areas, alcohol- and dysmetabolism-related HCCs are emerging problems which require specific interventions in terms of public health measures. In developing countries, economic constraints limit the development of any program for the prevention of viral hepatitis transmission (including health education campaigns, healthcare politics, primary prevention and the improvement of hygienic and sanitary conditions). When viral liver disease is established, only a minority of patients are treated worldwide and benefit a possible preventive effect of medical treatment onHCC development. Thus the real contribution of medical treatment to HCC prevention in patients with chronic viral hepatitis is small. Great efforts are needed to identify more effective medical measures for primary and secondary prevention of HCC.

Conducting a Correlation Model Between TCM Constitution and Physical Examination Index Based on BPNN Algorithm

This paper studies the correlation between Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Constitution discrimination and physical examination index based on BPNN algorithm.253cases of routine urine test were used to build a linkage model between TCM Constitution and physical indicators via BPNN algorithm.According to the test,the correct rate of learning and test group are60%and40%,respectively.A strong correlation was found between TCM Constitution and physical examination indexes.By applying cutting-edge knowledge and technologies,the development and modernization process of TCM can be greatly promoted.

TCM Treatment of Tumors

Tumors can also be considered as a physical and mental disease,and psychological factors can affect the probability of occurrence and prognosis of the tumor.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the main cause of tumor-related depression is liver qi stagnation,and pathological factors such as turbidity and blood stasis affect each other.Helping patients to relieve mental pain and eliminate psychological barriers can speed up the symptoms and delay the progression of the disease,which is of great significance for the rehabilitation of cancer patients.Emotional theory is one of the traditional Chinese medicine characteristics theory,and it has been applied to clinics by doctors of the past.The occurrence and development of malignant tumors are closely related to emotions.Psychotherapy should go through the whole process of clinical treatment of malignant tumors.Traditional Chinese medicine has acupuncture therapy,acupoint sticking therapy,and five-tone therapy to improve the psychological state of patients.However,the psychological treatment of cancer patients in tumor clinical practice is often neglected.The use of traditional Chinese medicine to treat tumor-related depression can effectively improve patient mood and improve quality of life,which is worthy of clinical application.

History and Modern Application of Chinese Physical and Breathing Exercises

Traditional Chinese medicine is the key to open the treasure house of Chinese civilization.Traditional Chinese medicine treatment includes drugs,acupuncture,massage,cupping and other means.Chinese physical and breathing exercises is one of the most effective methods of exercise among various treatments.Chinese physical and breathing exercises can soften muscles and strengthen bones.It has the functions of activating blood circulation and regulating the internal organs and internal organs.It can enhance physical fitness,prevent disease and cure diseases,and achieve the purpose of prolonging life.In order to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of clinical diseases,this paper summarized the literature records,theoretical basis,clinical application and related literature reports of Chinese physical and breathing exercises.

Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors

With the wide application of immunotherapy drug PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor in China and the continuous clinical research,a major problem that we have to face is the immune-related pneumonia caused by PD-1/PD-L1.At present,western medicine mainly treated it by hormone therapy,which may cause side effects,such as obesity,osteoporosis and osteonecrosis for hormone therapy by long-term,and increase the patients'pain.Under the guidance of the theory of syndrome differentiation,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)advocates the methods of expelling wind and clearing away cold,resolving phlegm and relieving asthma,relieving heat from lung,and invigorating the spleen and tonifying the kidney,etc.Exact differentiation of symptoms and rational usage of drugs can play an important role in the early prevention and treatment of immune-related pneumonia,reflecting the important role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of side effects of new drugs.In order to provide an effective clinical reference for clinicians in the practice of using PD-1/PD-L1,this paper systematically reviewed the use of TCM in the treatment of immune-related pneumonia induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

基于治未病理论灸药同治对实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者骨髓抑制的预防作用

目的:基于治未病理论探讨灸药同治对实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者骨髓抑制的预防作用。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年1月于武汉科技大学附属武汉亚心总医院接受治疗的实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者120例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组常规接受化疗,观察组化疗前连续3 d给予灸药同治(艾灸+加味八珍汤)。比较治疗前、化疗后7 d 2组患者中医证候积分、血常规[血红蛋白(Hb)、白细胞计数(WBC)、血小板计数(PLT)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT)]、生命质量[卡诺夫斯凯计分(KPS)、中国癌症患者生命质量(QOL_(2))调查问卷],比较化疗后7 d 2组患者骨髓抑制情况[发生率、严重程度、重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(rhG-CSF)使用情况]。结果:化疗后7 d,2组患者中医证候积分升高,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);Hb、WBC、PLT、NEUT、KPS评分及QOL_(2)评分降低,但观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组骨髓抑制发生率、rhG-CSF使用率低于对照组,0、Ⅰ度比例高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:基于治未病理论,灸药同治能够改善实体恶性肿瘤化疗患者临床症状及血常规,提高患者生命质量,减少骨髓抑制的发生。

医护人员对中医“治未病”视角下健康管理的认知情况

为探究中医“治未病”视角下医护人员的健康管理工作状况,该文对中医“治未病”理念和健康管理概念进行深入分析,总结其具体应用情况,提出医护人员健康管理中推进中医“治未病”理念的方法,以此为强化其健康管理工作质量提供指导意见。

959例子宫内膜异位症患者中医体质分布特点

【目的】探讨959例子宫内膜异位症(EMs)患者的中医体质分布特点。【方法】选取2019年1月至2019年11月就诊于中国中医科学院广安门医院、首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院、北京医院、北京中医药大学东方医院、首都医科大学附属友谊医院、首都医科大学附属复兴医院的EMs患者959例,记录患者的一般情况,进行中医体质辨识,分析其中医体质分布情况、兼夹体质的关联关系以及与年龄、合并痛经的关系。【结果】(1)EMs患者的体质分布占比由多到少依次为阳虚质65.1%(624/959)、气郁质58.4%(560/959)、气虚质52.8%(506/959)、血瘀质44.2%(424/959)、痰湿质42.5%(408/959)、湿热质41.9%(402/959)、阴虚质39.6%(380/959)、平和质26.8%(257/959)、特禀质16.6%(159/959);患者中单一体质者较少,占比为20.2%(194/959),兼夹体质者居多,占比为79.8%(765/959)。(2)基于Apriori算法的关联规则挖掘结果发现相关规则33条,气虚质-阳虚质、血瘀质-阳虚质、血瘀质-气郁质是其中置信度较高的关联规则。(3)与35岁及以下患者相比,35岁以上患者中血瘀质所占比例较大(P<0.05);与无痛经患者相比,合并痛经患者各偏颇体质占比均增加、平和体质占比减少(P<0.05或P<0.01)。【结论】阳虚质、气郁质、气虚质、血瘀质是EMs患者的高发体质类型,EMs患者中医体质兼夹现象普遍存在,较单一偏颇体质更为常见;从温阳、解郁、益气、活血角度管理EMs,及时纠正偏颇体质,防止疾病进展,可有效发挥中医体质调理的“治未病”效果。

中医治未病领域中免疫组库(TCR/BCR)作为一种新型“全息”生物标志物的应用与展望

中医“治未病”理论构成了中医药健康管理的主要内容,“治未病”思想为中医药健康管理体系赋予科学内涵,中医药健康管理体系也是“治未病”思想的外在体现,该体系的建立与完善离不开中医“治未病”思想的深度解析。“治未病”思想的深度解析需要从科学意义上深度思考三个关键问题:一是如何客观描述“未病”的生物学基础并阐明“未病”发生机制;二是如何阐释中医“治未病”科学内涵及中药复方的特殊药理效应机制;三是如何构建以中医“治未病”为内核的中医药精准健康管理新模式。本文从监管科学角度出发,首次提出“全息”生物标志物免疫组库(TCR/BCR)可作为新型“全息”生物标志物,用以客观表征中医治未病生物学基础和干预效果的科学评价体系,进而作为新的科学证据解释上述三个关键科学问题。

中医药防治新型冠状病毒感染的研究进展

对新型冠状病毒感染(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)的中医学病机及中医药防治方法、剂型等研究进展进行综述,指出COVID-19的防治,应充分发挥传统中医养生保健作用,做到饮食有节、起居有常、运动有度、休养生息等,同时应利用中医辨证论治、异病同治及多靶点、多途径干预等独特优势,有效防治COVID-19。

基于“治未病”理论阐述中医“通”的思想

中医“治未病”思想源远流长。在“治未病”理论指导下,阐述中医理论体系中“通”的概念和原理具有积极意义。人体窍道保持通畅状态非常重要,不通则痛,通则不痛,百病皆从不“通”起,肠腑不通则容易便秘,脉络不通则皮肤不仁,腠理不通则容易外感。从中医学角度分别阐述肠腑、脉络及腠理的生理功能、不“通”的病因病机、和不“通”引起的相关疾病的治法治则。中医“治未病”强调天人合一,目前“治未病”的方法和手段多种多样,其关键均需要保持人体“通”的状态,期待中医“治未病”思想能在日常中为因各种因素导致机体产生“不通”状态预防中提供新的思路。

中医体质调理对早期无症状型糖尿病周围神经病变的影响

【目的】观察基于“治未病”理论的中医体质调理对早期无症状型糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)的影响及安全性。【方法】将87例早期无症状型DPN患者随机分为对照组43例和试验组44例,对照组仅予糖尿病的规范饮食、运动及药物治疗,试验组在对照组的基础上,根据患者的主要体质类型给予相应的中医体质调养方案进行调理,疗程为48周。观察2组患者干预前后中医体质转化情况、体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平以及神经传导速度(NCV)的变化情况,并评价2组患者的安全性。【结果】(1)干预结束后,试验组有17例患者转化为平和质,而对照组仅有5例患者转化为平和质,2组患者的中医体质分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)干预前,2组患者的BMI、SBP、DBP、FPG、HbA1c、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。干预后,2组患者的BMI、SBP、DBP水平以及试验组的HbA1c、TC、TG、LDL-C水平均较干预前下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),对照组的FPG、HDL-C水平则较干预前升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);组间比较,试验组的FPG、HbA1c、TG、LDL-C水平均较对照组明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(3)干预结束后,对照组有10例出现DPN临床典型症状,试验组仅有6例出现DPN临床症状。干预前,2组患者的双侧胫神经及腓总神经运动传导速度(MNCV)、双侧腓肠神经及腓浅神经感觉传导速度(SNCV)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。干预后,对照组的双侧胫神经及腓总神经MNCV、双侧腓肠神经及腓浅神经SNCV均较干预前减慢(P<0.01),而试验组的以上神经传导速度虽较干预前有轻微上升,但与干预前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);组间比较,试验组的双侧胫神经MNCV、双侧腓肠神经及腓浅神经SNCV均较对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)干预过程中,2组患者均未出现明显不良反应,具有较高的安全性。【结论】中医体质调理可以调整早期无症状型DPN患者的失衡体质,同时对患者的糖脂代谢、胫神经运动传导速度、双侧腓肠神经及腓浅神经的感觉传导速度具有一定的保护作用。

基于中医治未病思想探讨中医体质理论防治大肠息肉

目的:分析大肠息肉患者的中医体质、证型的分布规律及其发病特点,探索体质理论在防治大肠息肉方面的应用。方法:收集在遵义医科大学附属医院住院行肠镜检查及治疗的大肠息肉患者的一般资料,并进行中医体质及中医证型的问卷调查,再运用统计学软件统计分析,探讨大肠息肉患者的中医体质规律及应用体质理论防治大肠息肉。结果:统计结果显示8种体质及占比,由高到低分别为痰湿质26.21%、气虚质23.78%、阳虚质13.41%、阴虚质8.54%、气郁质7.93%、血瘀质7.93%、湿热质7.32%、平和质4.88%。6种证型及占比由高到低分别为脾虚夹湿28.67%、阳虚寒凝14.63%、肠道湿热14.63%、气滞血瘀11.59%、肝郁脾虚5.49%、血虚肠燥3.66%。此外还有无证型患者占21.34%。痰湿质、阳虚质、湿热质、血瘀质、阴虚质以及平和质的男性比例多于女性,而气虚质和气郁质的女性比例多于男性,差异有统计学意义[χ~2=17.412,P=0.014(<0.05)]。青年患者各型体质占比均较低,中年痰湿质、阳虚质、湿热质、气郁质、血瘀质、阴虚质及平和质这7种体质占比均高于青年和老年段,老年气虚质占比高于青年和中年段,差异有统计学意义[χ~2=31.484,P=0.005(<0.05)]。结论:大肠息肉患者体质受年龄、性别等多因素影响,体质与证型有一定的对应关系,特别是痰湿质、气虚质与大肠息肉的中医证型有明显的相关性,可参考体质学说防治大肠息肉。

常见糖尿病并发症的中医药防治研究

糖尿病患者日久气血阴阳俱损,本虚邪留,热、瘀、痰、浊错综复杂,损伤肾、心、目、四末、筋骨、肌肤等,引发数种多变的棘手并发症,是糖尿病致死、致残的重要原因。有效防治并发症,改善患者愈后和提高生存质量成为研究重点。中医药对糖尿病并发症防治有“简、便、验、廉”的特色和优势。本文综述了常见7种糖尿病并发症的中医治疗理论、相应中药和中成药及中医外治手段应用概况,以期为该类疾病的防治提供参考。

中医肿瘤学科发展思考

中医药防治肿瘤有数千年历史,且疗效确切。中医药防治肿瘤,以中医理论为指导,采用辨证论治,通过中药复方,在干预癌前病变、提高肿瘤患者生活质量、预防转移复发、抗肿瘤多药耐药、减毒增效、带瘤生存等方面发挥重要作用,充分体现了整体调节的优势和特色。本文结合中医药防治肿瘤的优势与特色,提出中医药防治肿瘤面临新的发展契机;基于本学科特点和学术研究方向,界定中医肿瘤学科的内涵与外延,提出以“融合、创新”为中医肿瘤学科发展的切入点,加强中医理论研究和临床应用研究为中医肿瘤学科发展和复兴的前提。

从病因病机探析瘿病的中医防治

临床常见的甲状腺疾病有甲状腺机能亢进、甲状腺肿瘤、甲状腺炎、甲状腺癌等,以女性患者多见,且近年来发病率逐年升高,影响人类健康。甲状腺疾病属于中医学瘿病范畴,“痰结”为其总病机,病因多为肝失条达或脾失健运或气郁、痰湿、瘀血留注,聚而成形。中医对瘿病有独特的辨治优势,而瘿病的防治更是围手术期辨治的重要内容。因此,本文拟从病因病机的角度,探析“未病先防、既病防变、已病防复”的治未病理念在瘿病防治中的应用和意义。

脾瘅(糖尿病前期)中医综合防治方案及其临床研究

[目的]建立一个具有中国特色的以医院为引导,社区为主体的脾瘅(糖尿病前期)中医综合防治方案。[方法]立足于中医药防治脾瘅(糖尿病前期)临床研究结果及行业标准,经同行专家多次讨论,再修订,达成共识。[结果]36.20%糖尿病高危人群因饮食失节发生脾瘅(糖尿病前期),病位在脾胃占43.60%,中医综合防治方案干预脾瘅(糖尿病前期)1a,42.15%血糖恢复为正常水平。[结论]制定国内具有代表性的、可复制的、易推广的糖尿病前期中医综合"三早"防治体系。