目的:构建敲除TGF-βRⅡ的靶向CLDN18.2的CAR T细胞,并探索其在胃食管交界癌中的治疗潜力;方法:通过CRISPR/Cas9敲除T细胞中的TGF-βRⅡ,并使用慢病毒感染法构建CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞;流式细胞术检测CAR T细胞的阳性率、食管腺癌细胞系中C...目的:构建敲除TGF-βRⅡ的靶向CLDN18.2的CAR T细胞,并探索其在胃食管交界癌中的治疗潜力;方法:通过CRISPR/Cas9敲除T细胞中的TGF-βRⅡ,并使用慢病毒感染法构建CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞;流式细胞术检测CAR T细胞的阳性率、食管腺癌细胞系中CLDN18.2的表达情况、CAR T细胞中Smad2/3的磷酸化水平以及PD-1的表达水平;免疫荧光法检测CAR T细胞中TGF-βRⅡ的表达;LDH释放实验检测对靶细胞的细胞毒性;裸鼠移植瘤模型检测肿瘤抑制能力;ELISA实验检测肿瘤组织中细胞因子的释放水平;结果:成功构建敲除TGF-βRⅡ的CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞(18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO)以及二代CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞(CLDN18.2);18.2BBZ及18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO在体外对CLDN18.2+的肿瘤细胞具有剂量依赖型细胞毒性;TGF-β1不能使18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO的Smad2/3发生磷酸化,在TGF-β1存在时,18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO与肿瘤细胞共孵育后PD-1的表达水平显著低于18.2BBZ(P<0.001);18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO较18.2BBZ对裸鼠移植瘤的抑制能力更强(P<0.0001),并且在肿瘤组织中保持更强的细胞因子分泌水平(P<0.01);结论:通过CRISPR/Cas9敲除CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞中的TGF-βRⅡ可以有效降低T细胞耗竭,并在小鼠移植瘤模型中产生更强的抑制肿瘤活性,并增加促炎性细胞因子的分泌。展开更多
Objective: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) can be activated by calcium signals. In this study, we investigated whether calcium-dependent kinases were involved in ERKs cascade activation after global c...Objective: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) can be activated by calcium signals. In this study, we investigated whether calcium-dependent kinases were involved in ERKs cascade activation after global cerebral ischemia. Methods Cerebral ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion, and the calcium-dependent proteins were detected by immunoblot. Results Lethal-simulated ischemia significantly resulted in ERKs activation in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent manner, accompanying with differential upregulation of Src kinase and Ca^2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMKⅡ) activities. With the inhibition of Src family tyrosine kinases or CaMKⅡ by administration of PP2 or KN62, the phosphorylation of ERKs was impaired dramatically during post-ischemia recovery. However, ischemic challenge also repressed ERKs activity when Src kinase was excessively activated. Conclusions Src family tyrosine kinases and CaMKⅡ might be involved in the activation of ERKs mediated by NMDA receptor in response to acute ischemic stimuli in vivo, but the intense activation of Src kinase resulted from ischemia may play a reverse role in the ERKs cascade.展开更多
文摘目的:构建敲除TGF-βRⅡ的靶向CLDN18.2的CAR T细胞,并探索其在胃食管交界癌中的治疗潜力;方法:通过CRISPR/Cas9敲除T细胞中的TGF-βRⅡ,并使用慢病毒感染法构建CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞;流式细胞术检测CAR T细胞的阳性率、食管腺癌细胞系中CLDN18.2的表达情况、CAR T细胞中Smad2/3的磷酸化水平以及PD-1的表达水平;免疫荧光法检测CAR T细胞中TGF-βRⅡ的表达;LDH释放实验检测对靶细胞的细胞毒性;裸鼠移植瘤模型检测肿瘤抑制能力;ELISA实验检测肿瘤组织中细胞因子的释放水平;结果:成功构建敲除TGF-βRⅡ的CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞(18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO)以及二代CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞(CLDN18.2);18.2BBZ及18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO在体外对CLDN18.2+的肿瘤细胞具有剂量依赖型细胞毒性;TGF-β1不能使18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO的Smad2/3发生磷酸化,在TGF-β1存在时,18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO与肿瘤细胞共孵育后PD-1的表达水平显著低于18.2BBZ(P<0.001);18.2BBZ/TGFBRKO较18.2BBZ对裸鼠移植瘤的抑制能力更强(P<0.0001),并且在肿瘤组织中保持更强的细胞因子分泌水平(P<0.01);结论:通过CRISPR/Cas9敲除CLDN18.2 CAR T细胞中的TGF-βRⅡ可以有效降低T细胞耗竭,并在小鼠移植瘤模型中产生更强的抑制肿瘤活性,并增加促炎性细胞因子的分泌。
基金Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (No. 04KJB310082) and the Science and Technology Development Foundation of Nanjing Medical University (No. 06NMUZ002).
文摘Objective: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) can be activated by calcium signals. In this study, we investigated whether calcium-dependent kinases were involved in ERKs cascade activation after global cerebral ischemia. Methods Cerebral ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion, and the calcium-dependent proteins were detected by immunoblot. Results Lethal-simulated ischemia significantly resulted in ERKs activation in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent manner, accompanying with differential upregulation of Src kinase and Ca^2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMKⅡ) activities. With the inhibition of Src family tyrosine kinases or CaMKⅡ by administration of PP2 or KN62, the phosphorylation of ERKs was impaired dramatically during post-ischemia recovery. However, ischemic challenge also repressed ERKs activity when Src kinase was excessively activated. Conclusions Src family tyrosine kinases and CaMKⅡ might be involved in the activation of ERKs mediated by NMDA receptor in response to acute ischemic stimuli in vivo, but the intense activation of Src kinase resulted from ischemia may play a reverse role in the ERKs cascade.