Background: To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis in rat models of heart failure, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of electroacupuncture in heart failure tre...Background: To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis in rat models of heart failure, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of electroacupuncture in heart failure treatment. Methods: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into three groups: Sham group, Model group, and electroacupuncture (Model + EA) group, with each group comprising 8 rats. The model underwent a procedure involving the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce a model of heart failure. The Model + EA group was used for 7 consecutive days for electroacupuncture of bilateral Shenmen (HT7) and Tongli (HT5), once a day for 30 min each time. Left ventricular parameters in rats were assessed using a small-animal ultrasound machine to analyze changes in left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular fractional shortening. Serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cardiac troponin (cTn), and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor levels were measured using ELISA. Histopathological changes in rat myocardium were observed through HE staining, while collagen deposition in rat myocardial tissue was assessed using the Masson staining method. Picro sirius red staining, immunohistochemical staining, and RT-qPCR were utilized to distinguish between the various types of collagen deposition. The expression level of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3/4/7 mRNA in rat myocardial tissues was determined using RT-qPCR. Additionally, western blot analysis was conducted to assess the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, SMAD3/7, and p-SMAD3 in rat myocardial tissues. Results: Compared with the Sham group, the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening values of the Model group were significantly decreased (P < 0.01);the left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular end-systolic volume values were remarkably increased (P < 0.01);serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor content was increased (P < 0.01);serum IL-1β and cTn levels were increased (P < 0.01);myocardial collagen volume fraction were increased (P < 0.01);and those of the expression of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3/4 mRNA was increased (P < 0.01);the expression of SMAD7 mRNA was decreased (P < 0.01);the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, SMAD3, and p-Smad3 were increased (P < 0.01);the protein expression level of SMAD7 was decreased (P < 0.01) in the Model group. Compared to the Model group, the expression levels of the proteins TGF-β1, SMAD3, and p-Smad3 in myocardial tissue were found to be decreased (P < 0.01), and the expression level of the protein SMAD7 was found to be increased (P < 0.01) in the Model + EA group;the collagen volume fraction and deposition of type Ⅰ /Ⅲ collagen were decreased (P < 0.01) in the Model + EA group. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture alleviates myocardial fibrosis in rats with heart failure, and this effect is likely due to attributed to the modulation of the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway, which helps reduce collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix.展开更多
【目的】探讨TGF-β1/Smad7信号通路在哈萨克族食管鳞癌上皮间质转化(EMT)中的作用及其机制。【方法】运用免疫组织化学方法检测50例哈萨克族食管鳞癌组织及远端对应癌旁组织中TGF-β1与Smad7蛋白的表达。进一步在细胞水平,针对食管鳞...【目的】探讨TGF-β1/Smad7信号通路在哈萨克族食管鳞癌上皮间质转化(EMT)中的作用及其机制。【方法】运用免疫组织化学方法检测50例哈萨克族食管鳞癌组织及远端对应癌旁组织中TGF-β1与Smad7蛋白的表达。进一步在细胞水平,针对食管鳞癌细胞系Ec9706,基于RNA干扰技术,使用Lipofectamine TM 2000试剂转染TGF-β1 si RNA。采用q RTPCR技术检测TGF-β1及Smad7 m RNA表达水平;Western blot技术检测转染后各组TGF-β1、Smad7以及EMT相关蛋白表达水平;MTT、划痕及流式细胞术等方法检测各组细胞转染后的增殖、迁移、凋亡及周期的变化。【结果】免疫组化检测结果显示,哈萨克族食管鳞癌组织中TGF-β1蛋白表达明显高于癌旁组织(P<0.05);Smad7蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达低于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。转染TGF-β1 si RNA后,Ec9706细胞中TGF-β1 m RNA和蛋白表达量均降低,Smad7 m RNA和蛋白表达量增加;上皮标志物E-cadherin表达量增加,间质标志物Vimentin表达量降低,同时Ec9706细胞增殖、迁移受到抑制,细胞凋亡增加,细胞周期发生G0/G1期阻滞。【结论】哈族食管鳞癌中存在TGF-β1/Smad7信号通路的激活,食管癌中TGF-β1高表达,抑制了Smad7的表达,从而促进了上皮间质转化过程,进一步促进了食管癌细胞的增殖和迁移,并抑制细胞凋亡,影响细胞周期中的G0/G1期。展开更多
基金the China’s National Key Research and Development Program Projects(No.2022YFC3500500 and No.2022YFC3500502).
文摘Background: To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on cardiac function and myocardial fibrosis in rat models of heart failure, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of electroacupuncture in heart failure treatment. Methods: Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into three groups: Sham group, Model group, and electroacupuncture (Model + EA) group, with each group comprising 8 rats. The model underwent a procedure involving the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce a model of heart failure. The Model + EA group was used for 7 consecutive days for electroacupuncture of bilateral Shenmen (HT7) and Tongli (HT5), once a day for 30 min each time. Left ventricular parameters in rats were assessed using a small-animal ultrasound machine to analyze changes in left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular fractional shortening. Serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cardiac troponin (cTn), and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor levels were measured using ELISA. Histopathological changes in rat myocardium were observed through HE staining, while collagen deposition in rat myocardial tissue was assessed using the Masson staining method. Picro sirius red staining, immunohistochemical staining, and RT-qPCR were utilized to distinguish between the various types of collagen deposition. The expression level of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3/4/7 mRNA in rat myocardial tissues was determined using RT-qPCR. Additionally, western blot analysis was conducted to assess the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, SMAD3/7, and p-SMAD3 in rat myocardial tissues. Results: Compared with the Sham group, the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening values of the Model group were significantly decreased (P < 0.01);the left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular end-systolic volume values were remarkably increased (P < 0.01);serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor content was increased (P < 0.01);serum IL-1β and cTn levels were increased (P < 0.01);myocardial collagen volume fraction were increased (P < 0.01);and those of the expression of TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3/4 mRNA was increased (P < 0.01);the expression of SMAD7 mRNA was decreased (P < 0.01);the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, SMAD3, and p-Smad3 were increased (P < 0.01);the protein expression level of SMAD7 was decreased (P < 0.01) in the Model group. Compared to the Model group, the expression levels of the proteins TGF-β1, SMAD3, and p-Smad3 in myocardial tissue were found to be decreased (P < 0.01), and the expression level of the protein SMAD7 was found to be increased (P < 0.01) in the Model + EA group;the collagen volume fraction and deposition of type Ⅰ /Ⅲ collagen were decreased (P < 0.01) in the Model + EA group. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture alleviates myocardial fibrosis in rats with heart failure, and this effect is likely due to attributed to the modulation of the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway, which helps reduce collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix.
文摘【目的】探讨TGF-β1/Smad7信号通路在哈萨克族食管鳞癌上皮间质转化(EMT)中的作用及其机制。【方法】运用免疫组织化学方法检测50例哈萨克族食管鳞癌组织及远端对应癌旁组织中TGF-β1与Smad7蛋白的表达。进一步在细胞水平,针对食管鳞癌细胞系Ec9706,基于RNA干扰技术,使用Lipofectamine TM 2000试剂转染TGF-β1 si RNA。采用q RTPCR技术检测TGF-β1及Smad7 m RNA表达水平;Western blot技术检测转染后各组TGF-β1、Smad7以及EMT相关蛋白表达水平;MTT、划痕及流式细胞术等方法检测各组细胞转染后的增殖、迁移、凋亡及周期的变化。【结果】免疫组化检测结果显示,哈萨克族食管鳞癌组织中TGF-β1蛋白表达明显高于癌旁组织(P<0.05);Smad7蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达低于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。转染TGF-β1 si RNA后,Ec9706细胞中TGF-β1 m RNA和蛋白表达量均降低,Smad7 m RNA和蛋白表达量增加;上皮标志物E-cadherin表达量增加,间质标志物Vimentin表达量降低,同时Ec9706细胞增殖、迁移受到抑制,细胞凋亡增加,细胞周期发生G0/G1期阻滞。【结论】哈族食管鳞癌中存在TGF-β1/Smad7信号通路的激活,食管癌中TGF-β1高表达,抑制了Smad7的表达,从而促进了上皮间质转化过程,进一步促进了食管癌细胞的增殖和迁移,并抑制细胞凋亡,影响细胞周期中的G0/G1期。
