Factories of the Future--China and Thailand are embracing new productive forces through NEV cooperation

Chinese modernization has been benefiting its neighboring countries,with the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)aligning with multiple development strategies of Thailand,including the economic development plan Thailand 4.0 as well as the Eastern Economic Corridor(EEC)which could serve as a complementary to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(the Greater Bay Area).

THAILAND AND CHINA:TOGETHER FOR HIGH-QUALITY DEVELOPMENT

Dhina is playing an increasingly important role in the world.Everyone has recognized that the Chinese economy is undergoing steady and sound growth.At the same time,development of Thailand-China relations has entered a new historical period.Interconnectivity between Thailand and China through policy communication,unimpeded trade,and people-to-people exchange has brought the two countries into a period of high-quality development.

Clay mineral compositions in the surface sediment of the Chanthaburi coast(northeastern Gulf of Thailand)and their implications on sediment provenance

Clay mineral composition represents an important tracer of sediment source area,migration processes,and paleoclimatic conditions.Clay mineral analysis was performed on 15 surface sediment samples collected from the coast of Chanthaburi,Thailand.Results show that the composition of clay minerals in the study area differs substantially from that in surrounding regions of the Gulf of Thailand.The clay minerals of the Chanthaburi coast are dominated by kaolinite(~56%),followed by smectite(~21%),illite(~14%),and low concentrations of chlorite(~8%).The average illite chemistry index and crystallinity are 0.93 and 0.32,respectively.Comparative analysis of the clay mineral composition of surface sediments in several typical areas around the Gulf of Thailand indicated that the clays of the Chanthaburi coast are mainly derived from parent rock weathering in the small watersheds of the Chanthaburi and Welu rivers and the surrounding islands.Terrestrial input from the northern coast of the Gulf of Thailand(excluding the Mekong River)was previously considered negligible;however,the present results indicate that such input has impact on the eastern Gulf of Thailand.The warm humid climatic conditions in Southeast Asia are the primary factors that affect the strong chemical weathering in the study area,followed by the nature of the parent rock.

Differential seed removal,germination and seedling growth as determinants of species suitability for forest restoration by direct seeding–A case study from northern Thailand

Background Direct seeding is potentially a more cost-effective alternative to conventional tree planting for restoring tropical forest ecosystems.However,seed loss,due to removal and damage by animals,can substantially reduce seedling establishment.Therefore,this study examined the impact of seed predation on seedling establishment of five tree species,native to upland evergreen forests of northern Thailand:Hovenia dulcis,Alangium kurzii,Prunus cerasoides,Choerospondias axillaris and Horsfieldia amygdalina.We tested the hypothesis that excluding animals would significantly reduce seed removal,and increase both germination and seedling survival.The objective was to calculate a composite index of the relative suitability of the species studied for direct seeding.Methods Seeds were placed on the ground in a deforested site and subjected to five predator-exclusion treatments:wire cage,insecticide,cage+insecticide,open cage and no exclusion(control).Results Seed loss was highest for H.amygdalina(the largest seed tested).Across species,wire cages significantly reduced seed loss by 12.4%compared with controls(P<0.001)suggesting that vertebrates were the major seed predators.Seed germination ranged from 0 to 77%among the species tested.Based on relative species-performance scores(combining measures of survival and seedling growth),P.cerasoides was the most suitable species for direct seeding,followed by A.kurzii and C.axillaris,whilst H.dulcis and H.amygdalina were unsuitable.H.dulcis had small seeds with low seed germination,whereas H.amygdalina was subjected to high seed removal.Conclusion Exclusion of seed predators and the selection of suitable species may substantially increase the success of direct seeding,as a technique for restoring upland evergreen forest ecosystems.Testing more species for their suitability is needed,to provide more diverse options for forest restoration.

异常血红蛋白Q⁃Thailand合并缺失型β-地中海贫血的实验室分析

目的对血红蛋白组分出现疑似异常血红蛋白Q⁃Thailand(HbQ⁃Thailand)且存在小细胞低色素性表现的2例患者进行基因型鉴定,并分析其血液学参数特征,为临床遗传咨询提供参考数据。方法2例患者样本进行血液学指标检测,用跨越断裂点聚合酶链反应(Gap⁃PCR)及Sanger测序方法进行珠蛋白基因突变检测,并分析2例患者血液学表型特征和血红蛋白毛细管电泳结果。结果患者1为HbQ⁃Thailand杂合合并α-地贫⁃α4.2缺失杂合和β-地贫Taiwanese型缺失杂合,患者2为HbQ⁃Thailand杂合合并⁃α4.2缺失杂合和β-地贫Gγ+(Aγδβ)0型缺失杂合;2例患者均表现为小细胞低色素表型特征,并存在血红蛋白毛细管电泳Z7条带增高及出现Z1区异常带。结论当HbQ⁃Thailand合并β-地贫基因缺失时,血红蛋白组分毛细管电泳分析中HbQ⁃Thailand与HbF重叠,需要对其进行鉴别,或同时进行β-地贫基因缺失检测以防漏检。

Peer Pressure and Harmful Use of Alcohol in Thailand: A Spatial Autoregressive Model Application

Due to peer pressure playing a crucial role in the decision to drink,people who have a more fragile temperament might be expected to be at higher risk.Moreover,many studies have investigated the influence of peer pressure on alcohol consumption,but few have examined the relationship between heavy drinking and peer pressure via a spatial autoregressive model(SAR)in low/middle-income countries,such as Thailand.This paper investigated the connection between heavy drinkers over the age of 15 years who drink more than or equal to 60 grams of unmixed alcohol at least once per month based on the Thai Survey of Cigarette Smoking and Alcoholic Drinking Behavior,2014.Further,the drinkers were assumed to socialize with two peer groups:immediate family and close friends.Our paper considered a SAR model because SAR can overcome the reflection problem encountered using a linear-in-means model and the correlated effect problem found with hierarchical models.The mainfinding was the discovery of a significant and positive peer effect on alcohol consumption among heavy drinkers.In addition,there was evidence of education having an effect,but no evidence of income affecting on alcohol consumption.Specifically,a higher level of education was linked with lower levels of alcohol consumption.The results not only help us to understand the peer effect and alcohol consumption behavior,but policymakers can also apply peer effect-based strategies to formulate effective policies to decrease the alcohol consumption rate in Thailand.

Monitoring Hotspots Using Thermal Sensors on MODIS Aqua/Terra Satellite System: A Case Study of National Park Areas in Northern Thailand

This research presents the remote sensing data on hotspots in four national parks located in Chiang Mai province, Thailand: Sri Lanna National Park, Huai Nam Dang National Park, Doi Pahom Pok National Park, and Doi Inthanon National Park. To mitigate the devastating impacts of these wildfires, effective monitoring and management strategies are necessary. Remote sensing technology provides a promising approach for mapping burnt areas and understanding fire regimes at a regional scale. The primary focus of this research is to employ the MODIS Aqua/Terra satellite system for obtaining historical remote sensing data on hotspots. The advantages of remote sensing include accurate identification and mapping of burnt areas, regular monitoring, rapid data acquisition, and historical data analysis. The MODIS sensor, specifically designed for fire monitoring, offers enhanced fire detection and diagnosis, multiple channels for qualitative and quantitative analysis, and precision positioning capabilities. The research results presented in the analysis contribute to the understanding of fire incidents and hotspot occurrences within the four national parks studied. This paper suggests the optimization of early detection of forest and land fires through the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI), presenting it as a recommendation for future endeavors. The research emphasizes the significance of implementing efficient policies and management strategies to effectively tackle the challenges associated with fires in these ecologically significant areas.

Use of Agent Purple, Agent Orange and Agent Blue on Royal Thai Air Force Base Perimeters in Thailand during the Vietnam War

Seven Royal Thai Air Force bases in Thailand were used by the United States Air Force (USAF) during the Vietnam War as staging hubs for operations in Laos and Cambodia. Five bases in Thailand, including Nakhon Phanom (NKP), Ubon, Korat, U-Tapao and Udorn endured sniper fire interdiction, perimeter penetration, and sapper (combat engineer) attacks. Nam Phong, an eighth Royal Thai Air Force base was used by the United States Marine Corps air operations starting in 1972. US Military personnel stationed throughout Thailand were also attacked by Communists insurgents. Two herbicides, Agent Purple and Agent Orange containing 2, 4, 5-T contaminated with dioxin (TCDD—2, 3, 7, 8 tetrachlorodibenzodioxin) and a third herbicide, the arsenic-based Agent Blue, were routinely received at these Thailand airbases in support of air missions and to keep airbases and perimeter fences clear of vegetation. Udorn Royal Thai Air Force (RTAF) base, established in the 1950s was consistently a target of enemy attacks during this period. The Thai government allowed the United States to use five bases, covertly, and two other Thai bases, openly, due to concerns that the civil war inside Laos might spread into Thailand. The US Air Force began, in 1961, to provide the air defense of Thailand and to fly reconnaissance flights over Laos. Under the United States and Thailand’s “gentleman’s agreement”, the bases used by the USAF were considered RTAF bases under the command of Thai officers. The USAF at Udorn was under the command of the United States Pacific Air Forces (PACAF) Thirteenth Air Force and was used to temporarily store and distribute Agent Purple, Agent Orange and Agent Blue to Laos’s airfields for spraying of the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Thai air police controlled access to the bases using sentry dogs, observation towers, and machine gun emplacements. The USAF Security police assisted the Thai air police in base defense. In this study, we document the use of Agent Orange, Agent Purple and Agent Blue on Royal Thai Air Force base perimeters and grounds during the Vietnam War, potential active-duty service personnel exposure to these toxic herbicides and health impacts of the contaminant dioxin TCDD and arsenic on U.S. Vietnam Era Veterans and Vietnam Veterans. This documentation is important evidence in the “assumption of exposure” for health claims to the US Veterans Administration (VA) by veterans that served in Thailand between 1962 and 1976.

Monitoring Wildfires in Thailand: A Case Study of the ECSTAR-TeroSpace’s Earth Observation Project

The primary objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive case study on monitoring wildfires in Nakhon Nayok, Thailand, utilizing Earth observation platforms. This initiative project has been undertaken by the Excellence Center of Space Technology and Research (ECSTAR), in partnership with its spin-off startup, TeroSpace. The study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the wildfire incidents in the region, utilizing advanced technologies such as satellite imagery and data analytics, and to identify ways to improve future wildfire management. In particular, the paper focuses on the wildfires including thermal area comparison that ravaged the land in Nakhon Nayok Province in central Thailand from March to April 18th, 2023. To conduct this study, the ECSTAR-TeroSpace analytic team utilized satellite images from Earth observation platforms: MODIS and Sentinel-2A. By presenting this case study, this paper contributes to the broader understanding of how to monitor and manage wildfires in a changing climate. The findings of this study underscore the importance of proactive and collaborative efforts in mitigating the negative impacts of wildfires in Nakhon Nayok and other regions in Thailand.

China’s Investors Demonstrate Confidence in Thailand——Exclusive Interview with Mr.Narit Therdsteerasukdi,Secretary General of BOI

China is a key strategic partner of Thailand and plays a vital role in the Thai economy through investment,trade,and tourism.This year marks a decade since the establishment of the Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership between the two countries.Recently,Mr.Narit Therdsteerasukdi,Secretary General of BOI,participated in an exclusive interview with China’s Foreign Trade magazine to share his views on bilateral investment and future prospects.

Deepening Bilateral Cooperation Between Jilin and Thailand——Exclusive Interview with Wantana Tatan,Minister Counsellor(Investment Promotion),Royal Thai Embassy and Director of BOI’s Beijing Office

During Chinese President Xi Jinping’s last visit to Thailand,both sides an-nounced that they would build a more stable,prosperous and sustainable community,which is a milestone in leading and promoting the development of China-Thailand relations.The Northeast Asia Expo opened on August 23 in Jilin Province,Want-ana Tatan,Minister Counsellor(In-vestment Promotion),Royal Thai Em-bassy and Director of BOI’s Beijing Office,said that this expo provides a good platform for deepening bilateral cooperation.

Traditional Chinese Culture Shining in Thailand

The Peking Opera Performance Dragon and Phoenix:Dialogue Between China and Thailand Opera was held at China Cultural Center in Bangkok,which built a platform of taking opera as a bridge and meeting friends through opera,allowing more opera lovers to touch the charm of Chinese and Thai traditional opera and to have an in-depth understanding of the important role of cultural exchanges in China-Thailand relations.

Opening a New Chapter of China-Thailand Tourism Cooperation

In recent years,China and Thailand maintained close communication at the governmental level,making full preparations for the resumption of China-Thailand tourism after the pandemic.Thailand has unique tourist resources.For years,thanks to the strong support of the government and significant investment from all walks of life.

YOUNG BOOST TO CHINA-THAILAND FRIENDSHIP

The"Contemporary China and the World"China-Thailand Youth Cultural Exchange Forum in Bangkok On April 24,the"Contemporary China and the World"China-Thailand Youth Cultural Exchange Forum was held in Bangkok,Thailand.The event was sponsored by the Academy of Contemporary China and World Studies(ACCWS)under China International Communications Group(CICG),CICG Asia-Pacific,and the Bangkokbased Belt and Road Cooperation Research Center,organized by CICG Asia-Pacific Bangkok Bureau,and supported by the Thai-Chinese Cultural&Relationship Council,the Thai-Chinese Strategic Research Center,Chandrakasem Rajabhat University of Thailand,The Leader Asia news agency,and Bangkok Today newspaper.

‘Nihao!China':The New Image of Chinese Tourism The Thailand'Want to Go to China'Short Video Contest

The Chinese-Thailand tourism cooperation played a positive role in promoting the development of the cultural and tourism industries and enhancing the mutual understanding between the two countries.

Sustainable Growth for Chemical Industry of Thailand

Map Ta Phut Industrial Estate is an important manufacturing base in Thailand, particularly for the production of steel and for the refining and production of petrochemical products. As Thailand is the leader for petrochemical and refining businesses within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations （ASEAN）, from upstream to intermediate and downstream manufacturing units, Map Ta Phut also plays a major role in chemical and energy development in the region. Not only has Map Ta Phut become a unique and modem industrial complex, which continues to expand rapidly, but it also exemplifies Thailand＇s effort to develop a comprehensive heavy industrial zone. Although industrial expansion has helped to create employment, income, and prosperity for some local communities in the coastal Rayong province, it has also created concern about inequity between areas with fast developing industries and surrounding communities. These concerns eventually led to widespread protests by locals and non-governmental organizations. Despite the adherence by companies to all environmental regulations, especially the environmental impact assessment, and their proactive participation in many activities to improve the province＇s standard of living and quality of life, public concerns have not decreased, Hence, companies must rethink and reposition their pursuit of technological development. They also need to achieve harmony so that industry can coexist with communities and be friendly to the environment as a whole. Astute large companies recognize that achieving a fine balance among the three aspects of life： economy, social, and ecology can be part of a new industrial development strategy.

广西南宁地区Hb Q-Thailand基因分析

目的了解广西南宁地区异常血红蛋白Hb Q-Thailand分子特征。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2014年1月来广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院·儿童医院做地贫筛查的23 026例患者资料,通过毛细管电泳方法,确定可疑Hb Q-Thailand患者,运用扩增不应突变系统对可疑阳性患者进行确诊。结果在23 026例中共确诊Hb Q-Thailand阳性患者29例,占筛查人数的0.13%。且有1例是我国首次发现的Hb Q-Thailand不与4.2左侧缺失型α-地贫连锁的患者。结论 Hb Q-Thailand作为异常血红蛋白的一种,有其独特的分子特征,在日常工作中应引起足够的重视。

Descriptions of Three New Species of Orthogonius Macleay (Coleoptera, Caraboidea, Orthogoniini) from Singapore and Southern Thailand

Three new species of Orthogonius Macleay (Coleoptera, Caraboidea) from Malaya Peninsula are described and illustrated in the present papr: O. solidicornis, sp. nov. (from Singapore), O. morvani, sp. nov. and O. thaicus, sp. nov. (from Thailand).

An Analysis of the Main Reason and Solutions for the Failure of TEFL in Thailand

TEFL in Thailand is still not successful compared with other countries in Asia.On the basis of literature and study of the relevant official documents,the present paper makes an analysis on the reasons for the failure of TEFL in Thailand.It is revealed that the main reason for the failure of TEFL in Thailand is lack of qualified teachers.Some solutions to the failure of TEFL are also proposed in the paper.

运用PCR鉴定异常血红蛋白Q-Thailand

目的 对异常血红蛋白Q-Thailand进行鉴定.方法 首先采用全自动血红蛋白电泳仪进行血红蛋白电泳;其次采用多重断裂点PCR技术（Gap-PCR）检测αα/-α4.2缺失型的α珠蛋白生成障碍性贫血基因型;最后采用扩增不应突变系统（amplification refractory mutation system,ARMS-PCR）检查α-1珠蛋白基因的Q-Thailand点突变.结果 成功地对3例异常血红蛋白Q-Thailand的携带者进行诊断.结论 运用PCR技术（ARMS-PCR结合Gap-PCR）能够快速鉴定异常血红蛋白Q-Thailand.