对陆上生态体系而言,植物生理季节性变化是衡量其对气候转变反响的关键度量尺度,尤其对全球气温上升现象极为敏感的高纬度与高海拔地带的植物生理季节性。本研究借助MOD13A1卫星遥感资料,叠加温度与降水数据,剖析2000~2021年间蒙古国西...对陆上生态体系而言,植物生理季节性变化是衡量其对气候转变反响的关键度量尺度,尤其对全球气温上升现象极为敏感的高纬度与高海拔地带的植物生理季节性。本研究借助MOD13A1卫星遥感资料,叠加温度与降水数据,剖析2000~2021年间蒙古国西部地区植被生长季始期(Start of growing season,SOS)、生长季长度(Length of growing season,LOS)以及生长季末期(End of growing season,EOS)的时空变化特征和海拔依赖性变化机制。结果如下:(1)蒙古国西部地区的SOS主要集中在第90~125 d,近22 a来SOS呈微弱的提前趋势,提前幅度为0.23 d/a。(2)植被物候与气象要素的关系表明,2月的气温和降水与SOS显著负相关(P<0.05),1月的气温和降水与SOS显著正相关(P<0.05),而EOS主要受8月气温和降水的影响。(3)草甸草原和典型草原SOS主要受降水影响,高山草原、荒漠草原以及针叶林的SOS主要受气温影响,所有植被类型的EOS对温度的响应更大。总的来说,研究区植被物候与气候因子表现出季节性的差异,响应规律复杂。展开更多
Grain size and weight are closely related traits determining yield in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Since indica and japonica rice varieties differ significantly in multiple traits,a high-generation recombinant inbred line(RI...Grain size and weight are closely related traits determining yield in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Since indica and japonica rice varieties differ significantly in multiple traits,a high-generation recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from the crossing LH9(indica)and RPY(japonica)was used to map grainrelated traits in six environments.Pyramiding of the quantitative trait loci(QTL)for thousand-grain weight showed that combinations of multiple QTL significantly increased the phenotypic effect.A novel gene named GSW3.1 controlling grain size and weight was discovered using the major QTL for the colocalization of grain width and thousand-grain weight on chromosome 3.Gene editing revealed that GSW3.1(LOC_Os03g16850)was pleiotropic,positively regulating grain size and weight while affecting several other agronomic traits.Haplotype analysis indicated that some traits,including grain width and weight,were highly correlated with indica-japonica differentiation.展开更多
The overuse of nitrogen(N)fertilizer in fields has increased production costs and raised environmental concerns.Increasing the N use efficiency(NUE)of rice varieties is crucial for sustainable agriculture.Here we repo...The overuse of nitrogen(N)fertilizer in fields has increased production costs and raised environmental concerns.Increasing the N use efficiency(NUE)of rice varieties is crucial for sustainable agriculture.Here we report the cloning and characterization of OsNPF3.1,a gene that controls rice NUE.An amino acid mutation in the OsNPF3.1 coding region caused different NUEs in wild and cultivated rice.OsNPF3.1,which is expressed mainly in the aerial parts of rice,also affects rice plant height,heading date,and thousand-grain weight.The OsNPF3.1 protein is located in the plasma membrane.When OsNPF3.1 was subjected to artificial selection,two naturally varying loci were associated with NUE,of which OsNPF3.1Chr6_8741040differed between indica and japonica rice.OsNPF3.1 can be used as a new target gene for breeding rice varieties with high NUE.展开更多
Accumulating evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play critical roles in the development and progression of cancers,including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).However,the mechanisms of lncR...Accumulating evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play critical roles in the development and progression of cancers,including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).However,the mechanisms of lncRNAs in ESCC are still incompletely understood and therapeutic attempts for in vivo targeting cancer-associated lncRNA remain a challenge.By RNA-sequencing analysis,we identified that LLNLR-299G3.1 was a novel ESCC-associated lncRNA.LLNLR-299G3.1 was up-regulated in ESCC tissues and cells and promoted ESCC cell proliferation and invasion.Silencing of LLNLR-299G3.1 with ASO(antisense oligonucleotide)resulted in opposite effects.Mechanistically,LLNLR-299G3.1 bound to cancerassociated RNA binding proteins and regulated the expression of cancer-related genes,including OSM,TNFRSF4,HRH3,and SSTR3.ChIRP-seq(chromatin isolation by RNA purification and sequencing)revealed that these genes contained enriched chromatin binding sites for LLNLR-299G3.1.Rescue experiments confirmed that the effects of LLNLR-299G3.1 on ESCC cell proliferation were dependent on interaction with HRH3 and TNFRSF4.Therapeutically,intravenous delivery of placental chondroitin sulfate A binding peptide-coated nanoparticles containing antisense oligonucleotide(pICSA-BP-ANPs)strongly inhibited ESCC tumor growth and significantly improved animal survival in vivo.Overall,our results suggest that LLNLR-299G3.1 promotes ESCC malignancy through regulating gene-chromatin interactions and targeting ESCC by pICSA-BP-ANPs may be an effective strategy for the treatment of lncRNA-associated ESCC.展开更多
文摘对陆上生态体系而言,植物生理季节性变化是衡量其对气候转变反响的关键度量尺度,尤其对全球气温上升现象极为敏感的高纬度与高海拔地带的植物生理季节性。本研究借助MOD13A1卫星遥感资料,叠加温度与降水数据,剖析2000~2021年间蒙古国西部地区植被生长季始期(Start of growing season,SOS)、生长季长度(Length of growing season,LOS)以及生长季末期(End of growing season,EOS)的时空变化特征和海拔依赖性变化机制。结果如下:(1)蒙古国西部地区的SOS主要集中在第90~125 d,近22 a来SOS呈微弱的提前趋势,提前幅度为0.23 d/a。(2)植被物候与气象要素的关系表明,2月的气温和降水与SOS显著负相关(P<0.05),1月的气温和降水与SOS显著正相关(P<0.05),而EOS主要受8月气温和降水的影响。(3)草甸草原和典型草原SOS主要受降水影响,高山草原、荒漠草原以及针叶林的SOS主要受气温影响,所有植被类型的EOS对温度的响应更大。总的来说,研究区植被物候与气候因子表现出季节性的差异,响应规律复杂。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100400)the National Special Key Project for Transgenic Breeding(2016ZX08001001)。
文摘Grain size and weight are closely related traits determining yield in rice(Oryza sativa L.).Since indica and japonica rice varieties differ significantly in multiple traits,a high-generation recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from the crossing LH9(indica)and RPY(japonica)was used to map grainrelated traits in six environments.Pyramiding of the quantitative trait loci(QTL)for thousand-grain weight showed that combinations of multiple QTL significantly increased the phenotypic effect.A novel gene named GSW3.1 controlling grain size and weight was discovered using the major QTL for the colocalization of grain width and thousand-grain weight on chromosome 3.Gene editing revealed that GSW3.1(LOC_Os03g16850)was pleiotropic,positively regulating grain size and weight while affecting several other agronomic traits.Haplotype analysis indicated that some traits,including grain width and weight,were highly correlated with indica-japonica differentiation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060476 and 31860371)Guangxi Department of Science and Technology(AA22068087-4)+3 种基金Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(2015GXNSFAA139054,2018GXNSFAA138124,and 2020GXNSFAA259041)Guangxi Ministry of Science and Technology(AB21238009)Special Fund of Local Science and Technology Development for the Central Guidance(ZY21195034)Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2021JM04,2021JM49,2021YT030,QN-25,and QN-35)。
文摘The overuse of nitrogen(N)fertilizer in fields has increased production costs and raised environmental concerns.Increasing the N use efficiency(NUE)of rice varieties is crucial for sustainable agriculture.Here we report the cloning and characterization of OsNPF3.1,a gene that controls rice NUE.An amino acid mutation in the OsNPF3.1 coding region caused different NUEs in wild and cultivated rice.OsNPF3.1,which is expressed mainly in the aerial parts of rice,also affects rice plant height,heading date,and thousand-grain weight.The OsNPF3.1 protein is located in the plasma membrane.When OsNPF3.1 was subjected to artificial selection,two naturally varying loci were associated with NUE,of which OsNPF3.1Chr6_8741040differed between indica and japonica rice.OsNPF3.1 can be used as a new target gene for breeding rice varieties with high NUE.
基金This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Shenzhen University Health Science Center(protocol no.2016001).
文摘Accumulating evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play critical roles in the development and progression of cancers,including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).However,the mechanisms of lncRNAs in ESCC are still incompletely understood and therapeutic attempts for in vivo targeting cancer-associated lncRNA remain a challenge.By RNA-sequencing analysis,we identified that LLNLR-299G3.1 was a novel ESCC-associated lncRNA.LLNLR-299G3.1 was up-regulated in ESCC tissues and cells and promoted ESCC cell proliferation and invasion.Silencing of LLNLR-299G3.1 with ASO(antisense oligonucleotide)resulted in opposite effects.Mechanistically,LLNLR-299G3.1 bound to cancerassociated RNA binding proteins and regulated the expression of cancer-related genes,including OSM,TNFRSF4,HRH3,and SSTR3.ChIRP-seq(chromatin isolation by RNA purification and sequencing)revealed that these genes contained enriched chromatin binding sites for LLNLR-299G3.1.Rescue experiments confirmed that the effects of LLNLR-299G3.1 on ESCC cell proliferation were dependent on interaction with HRH3 and TNFRSF4.Therapeutically,intravenous delivery of placental chondroitin sulfate A binding peptide-coated nanoparticles containing antisense oligonucleotide(pICSA-BP-ANPs)strongly inhibited ESCC tumor growth and significantly improved animal survival in vivo.Overall,our results suggest that LLNLR-299G3.1 promotes ESCC malignancy through regulating gene-chromatin interactions and targeting ESCC by pICSA-BP-ANPs may be an effective strategy for the treatment of lncRNA-associated ESCC.
