Expressions of MMP-2,-9,TIMP-1,-2,-3 mRNA in Rat Uterus during Estrous Cycle

Zymography and in situ hybridization were used to investigate matrixmetalloproteinase -2, -9 (MMP -2, MMP-9) activities and expressions of MMP -2, -9 and TIMP1, -2, -3 (tissue inhibitors of matrix metallo-proteinases) mRNA in the rat uterus during estrouscycle. The relative activity was semiquanted by using densitometric analysis. The MMP-2(67 kDa) activity in every stage during estrpus cycle was detected by zymography. MMP-2activity was highest at proestrus; higher at estrus and metaestrus; lowest at diestrus. Throughin situ hybridization, MMP -2, -9, TIMP -1~ -3 mRNA mainly in hasal stroma cells of uterineendometrium were detected. The positive signals of MMP -2 and -9 mRNAs in hasal stromacells were shown stronger at proestrus, estrus and metaestrus while they showed the weakest atdiestrus. The expression of MMP -2 mRNA coincided with MMP -2 activity change. MMP-2and -9 mRNAs were also highly expressed in uterine circular muscle at estrus. Weak signals ofMMP -9 mRNA were detected in uterine luminal and glandular epithelial cells at estrus.TIMP -1 mRNA in hasal stroma cells was shown as the strongest expression at estrus andmetaestrus; stronger at proestrus and the weakest at diestrus. TIMP-2 mRNA in basal stromacells was stronger at estrus and diestrus; weaker at proestrus and metaestrus. TIMP -1 and -2mRNAs were also highly expressed in uterine luminal and glandular epithelial cells at estrus.TIMP -3 mRNA in hasal stroma cells revealed the strongest expression at estrus; stronger atdiestrus and metaestrus and showed the weakest at proestrus. The mRNA was also highlyexpressed in uterine circular muscle at estrus. In short, our present results provide evidencethat MMP -2, -9 and TIMP -1~ -3 were involved in rat uterine endometrium reconstructionduring estrous cycle.

Lipopolysaccharide “Two-hit” Induced Refractory Hypoxemia Acute Respiratory Distress Model in Rats

To establish a stable and reliable model of refractory hypoxemia acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） and examine its pathological mechanisms, a total of 144 healthy male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups： group Ⅰ （saline control group）, group Ⅱ （LPS intravenous ＂single-hit＂ group）, group Ⅲ （LPS intratracheal ＂single-hit＂ group） and Group IV （LPS ＂two-hit＂ group）. Rats were intravenously injected or intratracheally instilled with a large dose of LPS （10 mg/kg in 0.5 mL） to simulate a single attack of ARDS, or intraperitoneally injected with a small dose of LPS （1 mg/kg） followed by tracheal instillation with median dose of LPS （5 mg/kg） to establish a ＂two-hit＂ model. Rats in each group were monitored by arterial blood gas analysis and visual inspection for three consecutive days. Arterial blood gas values, lung wet/dry weight ratio and pathological pulmonary changes were analyzed to determine the effects of each ALI/ARDS model. Concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-10 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） and blood plasma were meastired by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays （ELISA）. Our resulsts showed that single LPS-stimulation, whether through intravenous injection or tracheal instillation, could only induce ALl and temporary hypoxemia in rats. A two-hit LPS stimulation induces prolonged hypoxemia and specific pulmonary injury in rats, and is therefore a more ideal approximation of ARDS in the animal model. The pathogenesis of LPS two-hit-induced ARDS is associated with an uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response and inflammatory injury. It is concluded that the rat ARDS model produced by our LPS two-hit method is more stable and reliable than previous models, and closer to the diagnostic criteria of ARDS, and better mimics the pathological process of ARDS.

The effect of microgene pSVPoMcat to modify Schwann cell on GAP -43 expression after spinal cord injury in adult rats

Objective To study the effect of microgene pSVP oMcat implanted to modify schwann cell on growth associated protein -43(GAP -43)expression after spinal cord injury in adult rats.Method Hemisected of the T8segment of the sp inal cord was performed for all the experiment rats.The rats were randomly divided into three groups as follows:Group Awith microgene pSVPoMca t implanted to genetically modify SC;Group B with SC implanted ;Group C with hemisection of the spinal cord o nly.The changes of expression of GAP-43in spinal cord were observed by immunochemistry with antibodies against GAP -43.Simultaneous,the combined behavioral scores(CBS)was measured.Result There were not any different (P >0.05)among the three groups in first week a nd 12week.There were significant di ffeence(P <0.05)among three groups in 2nd,8th,and more dxpression of GAP -43at the 2nd week in gr oup A.The neurofunctional recovery was best in group A.Conclusion The microgene pSVPoMcat implanted t o modify schwann cell can promote the expression of GAP -43in spinal cord a nd func-tional recovery in adults rats after SCI.

Effects of Lycii Fructus and Salviae Miltiorrhizae on the Syndrome of Deficiency with Blood Stasis in RCS(rdy-/-, p-/-) Rats with Retinitis Pigmentosa: An Intervention Study

Objective To investigate the effects of Lycii Fructus(LF,Gou Qi Zi,枸杞子)and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Ex Rhizoma(SM,Dan Shen,丹参)on the syndrome of deficiency with blood stasis in the RCS(rdy-/-,p-/-)rats with retinitis pigmentosa(RP).Methods A total of 32 RCS(rdy-/-,p-/-)rats were divided into 4 groups(equal amounts of female and male rats in each group):model group treated with 0.9%normal saline,LF group treated with LF formula granules,SM group treated with SM formula granules,and LF and SM(L·S)group treated with LF and SM formula granules.Eight RCS(rdy+/+,p+/+)rats(4 males and 4 females)were treated with 0.9%normal saline to serve as blank group.The contents of E2,PG,P-Selectin,plasma viscosity,whole blood relative index of the high shear rate and fibrinogen content in plasma,and the content of cAMP and cGMP in retinal homogenate were detected.The retina was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Results The contents of E2,PG,P-Selectin,plasma viscosity,whole blood relative index of the high shear rate,and fibrinogen content in the plasma of L·S group significantly differed from those of model group(P<0.01),but were similar to those of blank group.The contents of cAMP and cGMP in the retinal homogenate of L·S group significantly differed from those in model group(P<0.01)but were similar to those in blank group(P>0.05).Conclusions LF and SM can effectively treat retinitis pigmentosa by ameliorating the syndrome of deficiency with blood stasis.

CHANGES OF CATHEPSIN D AND α _2- MACROGLOBULIN IN RATS AFTER ACUTE TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION

α 2-macroglobulin (α2M) could stimulate the regeneration of thymic and bone marrow cells in rats received γ-irradiation, but there was very few reports concerning its mechanism. Wistar rats were irradiated by 16Co at 7 Gy, 8.5 Gy, 15 Gy total body doses. Blood plasma and some tissue’s extracts were collected α 2M level. a M activity and cathepsin D activity, malonaldehyde level were determined by radioimmunoassay, modified Schidlow’s method, Barrett’s method and Ohkawa’s method respectively.

Effects of DHA-PC on the cognitive deficits of AD rats

Aim To study the improvement of docosahexaenoic Acid-phosphatidylcholine （DHA-PC） on the cogni- tive deficits of AD rats induced by Aβ25_35, and investigate molecular mechanism of DHA-PC. Methods 1. fifty healthy wistar rats of SPF level, weighing 250 -0 300 g were randomly divided into control group, AD group, done- pezil group, DHA-PC treated group, DHA group. Each group had 10 rats. Aβ25_35 was injected into hippocampus CA1 area of the AD group rats and drug treated group rats. The same volume of Normal saline was injected in the same area of sham group rats, the control group deal with nothing. All the groups were tested with Morris water maze after operation to test whether AD models. Both DHA-PC treated group and DHA treated group were given by oral administration of corresponding drugs. The AD group and sham group were given by oral administration of nor- mal saline, the control group were fed with normal food. All the groups were treated for 30 days. All the groups were tested with Morris water maze on day 25 after administration. We determined the phosphorylated tau protein of Ser396 site with Western Blot and determined the Superoxide dismutase （SOD）. Results The water maze test was performed： The latency period of AD group was increased compared with the sham group （P 〈 0.05）. The DHA- PC group was spent less time to find the platform compared with the AD group （P 〈 0.05）. DHA-PC treated groups used more linear and tendency modes than AD group. In the probe trial, the AD group spent less time in the target area compared with sham group （P 〈0.01 ） , and the DHA-PC group spent more time in the target area compared with AD group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The results of Western blot are as follows ： DHA-PC reduced the phosphoryl- ated tau protein of Ser396 site expression in cortex （P 〈 0.01 ）. The results of SOD in cortex were increased in DHA-PC treated groups than AD groups （P 〈0.01）. Conclusion DHA-PC can improve the cognitive deficits of AD rats, improve the abnormalities and decreased the level of the phosphorylated Ser396 tau protein of AD rats in cortex. DHA-PC can also improve the cognitive deficits of AD rats by increased SOD.

Effects of WIN 55,212-2 on I_K Current in Cultured Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons of Rat

Summary: To investigate the effects of WIN 55,212-2 on I K in cultured rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons, whole-cell patch clamp techniques were used to record the I K before and after WIN 55,212-2 perfusion at different concentrations. 30 μmol/L WIN 55,212-2 markedly (35 7 %± 7 3 %, P<0.01, n=8) inhibited I K currents, and the currents were partially recovered after washing. 30 μmol/L WIN 55,212-2 also induced a significant depolarizing shift in conductance-voltage parameters (control: V 0 5=10 43 ± 4.25 mV, k=16 27±3 86; WIN 55,212-2: V 0.5=24.71±3.91 mV, k =16.69±2.75; n = 8, P<0.01 for V 0.5). 0.01 μmol/L WIN 55,212-2 slightly (27.0 %± 7.9 %, P<0.05, n=7) increased I K currents, but had no significant change in conductance–voltage parameters (control: V 0.5=10.74±5.27 mV, k=17.33±2.96; WIN 55,212-2: V 0.5=11.06±2.05 mV, k=19.69±6.60; n=7, P>0.05 for V 0.5 and k). These results suggested that WIN 55,212-2 has dual action, which might be through different receptors.

Impact of 1,25-(OH)_2D_3 on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Objective To investigate the impact of 1, 25-(OH)2D3 on left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) in type 2 diabetic rats. Methods Type 2 diabetic mellitus(DM) model rats were established by intraperitoneally injecting with 30 mg/kg streptozotocin. After 8 weeks, 19 male rats were identified as diabetic with left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) by ultrasound examination, and randomly assigned into three groups: untreated(DM-LVH, n=7), treated with insulin(DM-LVH+INS, n=6), and treated with 1, 25-(OH)2D3(DM-LVH+VD, n=6). Healthy male rats were used as the controls group(n=6). The fasting blood glucose and the insulin level were determined weekly. The left ventricular mass index, myocardial collagen content, collagen volume fraction, and 1, 25-(OH)2D3-receptor level were determined by 4 weeks later. Results In the DM-LVH model group, the insulin level was significantly decreased compared with the non-diabetic control group(P<0.05), whereas the blood glucose, left ventricular mass index, myocardial collagen content, collagen volume fraction, and 1, 25-(OH)2D3-receptor expression were significantly increased(all P<0.05). In the DM-LVH+INS and DM-LVH+VD groups, the insulin levels were significantly increased compared with the DM-LVH model group(P<0.05), whereas the other parameters were significantly decreased(all P<0.05). Conclusion 1, 25-(OH)2D3 could reverse LVH in diabetic rats and that the mechanism may involve stimulating insulin secretion and reducing blood glucose via direct up-regulation of 1, 25-(OH)2D3-receptor expression.

A Study of the Correlation between Angiotensin (1-7) and the Histopathological Changes in the Penises of Experimentally Diabetic Rats

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for erectile dysfunction. Renin-angiotensin system with its branches Angiotensin II and Angiotensin 1-7 [Ang-(1-7)] are altered in diabetes and could affect erection. So, in this study we determine the level of Ang-(1-7), nitrite (the major nitric oxide metabolite) and histopathological changes in penile tissues of type I diabetic rats. A total of 60 male albino rats were divided into two groups: group I (control) and group II (diabetic) for either 4 weeks in group IIa, or 8 weeks in group IIb. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Penile levels of Ang-(1-7), nitrite and histopathological examination were assessed at 4 and 8 weeks after diabetes induction. Results: Ang-(1-7) and nitrite were decreased in diabetic rats at 4 weeks and continued to be lower at 8 weeks for Ang-(1-7) only. Loss of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle was present in 25% and 85% of rats at 4 and 8 weeks of diabetes respectively (P Conclusion: Diabetes induced progressive decrease in the release of Ang-(1-7) and nitric oxide from the corpora cavernosa in a time-dependent manner with concomitant fibro-muscular changes that end by corporal fibrosis affecting subsequently erectile functions.

Effect of Synthetic Leucopyrokinin Analog [D-AlaS]-[2-8]-Leucopyrokinin （[D-AlaS]-[2-8]-LPK） on Opioid-lnduced Analgesia in Rats

The study was undertaken in order to evaluate effect of synthetic insect neuropeptide leucopyrokinin analog, [D-Ala5]-[2-8]-LPK, on analgesia induced by selective agonists of/a-, 6- and l〈-opioid receptors. The study was performed on male Wistar rats, which a week before the experiments were implanted with polyethylene cannulas into the lateral brain ventricle （icv）. Effect of prior administration of [D-Ala5]-[2-8]-LPK on analgesia induced in rats by next icv administration of equimolar dose of μ-, δ- and -opioid agonists： DAMGO, DPDPE and GR fumarate respectively, was evaluated. Antinociceptive effect was determined in rats by the test of the tail immersion. It was found that two doses of 5 and 10 nmols icv of [D-AlaS]-[2-8]-LPK inhibited analgesia in rats by equimolar doses of DAMGO. This analog also transiently （only in two time intervals） and in one dose of 10 nmols inhibited analgesia induced in rats by icv administration of equimolar DPDPE dose of 10 nmols icv. Obtained results indicate that [D-AlaS]-[2-8]-LPK inhibits antinociceptive effect of DAMGO and in part of DPDPE, i.e. mainly antagonized ~t-opioid receptors. These results correspond with results of our previous study that selective antagonists of μ- and δ-opioid receptors blocked antinociceptive effect of synthetic insect neuropeptide leucopyrokinin and of it active analog [2-8]-leucopyrokinin. We regard that [D-AIaS]-[2-8]-LPK, the first discovered antagonist of leucopyrokinin may be a useful as a probable tool substance in the study of biological effects of insect-derived peptides either in invertebrates or in mammals.

Neuroprotective Effects of Mas-receptor Ligands in an Experimental Rat Glaucoma

Objectives： Ocular effects of Mas-receptor ligands were studied in an experimental rat glaucoma. Elevated IOP （intraocular pressure） was induced unilaterally by laser photocoagulation of the episcleral and limbal veins in anesthetized rats. A Mas-receptor agonist （Ang （1-7）） and an antagonist （A779） were administered intravitreally in the glaucomatous eye. lOP was measured by a rebound tonometer. Effects of the treatment on RGCL （retinal ganglion cell layer） were determined stereologically and on the axons of optic nerve by a modified Gallyas silver-staining method. Key findings： Mean IOP during the 14 days follow-up in the solvent treated glaucoma eyes （n = 18） was 28.7 -4- 1.9 mmHg vs. the fellow eyes 11.0 4- 0.3 mmHg. A significant axon damage was detected in the glaucomatous eyes vs. the fellow normotensive eye. The Mas-receptor ligands did not influence high IOP resulted by laser treatment, Despite of the ineffectiveness on lOP, Ang （1-7） protected RGCL cells as determined by stereology （P = 0.016）. No significant effects in Gallyas silver-staining were found. Summary： Intravitreally administered Ang （1-7） showed a significant protective effect against neuronal damage. The present and our previous studies suggest that stimulation of Mas-receptor may have therapeutic potential to treat glaucoma.

Potency of Urena lobataleaves extract on the inhibition of vasculopathy on diabetic rats

OBJECTIVE To know the potency of Urena lobataleaves extract on the vasculopathy inhibition of diabetic rats.METHODS This study used control group post test only with male Sprague dawley rats.Diabetic rats were induced by high fructose diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with water extract of U.lobataleaves in dose of 250,500and1000mg·kg-1 bw for 4 weeks.After scarifying,blood sample were collected and then superoxyde dismutase(SOD)serum level,malondialdehyda(MDA),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and circulating endothelial cells(CECs)were examined.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0.05).RESULTS The oral administration of U.lobataleaves extract 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw were able to increase SOD serum level about 40%,70% and 100%respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),while the MDA serum level was decreased by 20%,40%and 50%(P<0.05)respectively.The supplementation of water extract from U.lobatain dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw also decrease TNF-αserum level approximately 40%,60% and 80% compared to control group(P<0.05),whereas the CECs level was decreased by 30%,50% and 70%(P<0.05)respectively.In diabetic groups,SOD serum level was decreased compared to normal group(P<0.05)while the MDA,TNF-αand CECs were increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobata leaves extract could inhibit vasculopathy on diabetic rats by increasing of SOD serum level,decreasing of MDA serum level,TNF-αand CECs.This potency may be related to active substances which act as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant in U.lobata extract.

Behavioral Characteristics of Pharmacologically Selected Lines of Rats: Relevance to Depression

This brief review discusses the behavioral consequences of two pharmacologically selected lines of rats. Flinders Sensitive (FSL) and Flinders Resistant (FRL) Lines of rats were selected on the basis of differential hypothermic and behavioral responses to the anticholinesterase, diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). FSL rats are more sensitive to the hypothermic effects of cholinergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic agonists but less sensitive to the locomotor or stereotypic effects of dopamine agonists. FSL rats exhibit greater immobility in the forced swim test and reduced social interaction compared with FRL rats, but do not differ in saccharin intake, behavior in the elevated plus maze, or responses for rewarding brain self-stimulation. The exaggerated immobility and reduced social interaction are counteracted by chronic treatment with antidepressants. Because FSL rats were more sensitive to 5-HT1A receptor agonists, high (HDS) and low (LDS) 8-OH-DPATsensitive lines were selectively bred for differential hypothermic responses to the 5-HT1A receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-2-(di-N-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). HDS rats were also more sensitive to the hypothermic effects of oxotremorine, a cholinergic agonist, but selection for this response did not diverge with later selection. HDS rats exhibited greater immobility in the forced swim test than LDS rats and this correlated response could be seen early in selection (generation 3). HDS rats also showed reduced social interaction compared to LDS rats, but did not differ in behavior in the elevated plus maze. These findings confirm that selection for hypothermic responses to pharmacological agents do have behavioral consequences, notably the production of depressive-like phenotypes, which can be counteracted by chronic antidepressant treatment. Because increased 5-HT1A receptor sensitivity was common to both selected lines (FSL and HDS), neurobiological processes dependent on this receptor could contribute to the abnormal behaviors that manifest in these rat lines and thus suggesting a mechanism underlying depressive behaviors in humans. However, available human data are inconsistent with this hypothesis and suggest that other mechanisms underlie these behavioral abnormalities in HDS and FSL rats. These mechanisms as well as additional behavioral testing in these rat lines will be discussed.

黄芩苷对干酵母致热大鼠的解热作用及血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、PGE_(2)、cAMP和脑组织NF-κB表达的影响

目的:观察黄芩苷对干酵母致热大鼠的解热作用并探讨其作用机制。方法:采用背部皮下注射干酵母构建大鼠发热模型,SD雄性大鼠随机分为正常对照,模型组,阳性组(阿司匹林,0.1 g/kg),黄芩苷高、中、低剂量组(160、80、40 mg/kg),连续给药3 d,测定各组大鼠肛温的变化;酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、前列腺素E_(2)(PGE_(2))与环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)水平;Western Blot检测各组大鼠脑组织NF-κB p65(核转录因子-κB p65)蛋白表达。结果:黄芩苷高剂量组有显著解热效果(P<0.01),黄芩苷各剂量组均可不同程度降低大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、PGE 2和cAMP含量;与正常组比较,模型组脑组织NF-κB p65蛋白表达增多,黄芩苷高剂量组可明显降低大鼠脑组织NF-κB p65表达(P<0.05)。结论:黄芩苷可显著性降低干酵母引起的体温升高,解热机制可能与抑制TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、PGE_(2)与cAMP的分泌和减少脑组织NF-κB p65蛋白表达有关。

芪黄疽愈方对ASO大鼠血液流变学和血脂指标及miR-133a、TNF-α表达的影响

目的探讨芪黄疽愈方改善肢体动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)大鼠血液流变学和血脂指标及miR-133a、TNF-α表达的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠96只饲养1 w,随机选择18只作为空白组,剩余78只采用高脂饮食喂饲联合隐动脉内膜损伤的方法建立大鼠ASO模型,造模成功后随机分为模型组18只,西药组、芪黄疽愈方(中药高、中、低浓度组)各15只,分别给予生理盐水(1 ml/100 g大鼠)、西洛他唑片灌胃治疗(18 mg/kg,1次/d)、芪黄疽愈方相应浓度中药灌胃(1.0、0.5、0.1 ml/100 g体质量),观察一般情况并检测血脂、血流变、miR-133a、炎症细胞因子指标,并进行病理分析。结果空白组毛色光泽,饮食、饮水量正常;与中药组比较,模型组精神萎靡,饮食、饮水量相对减少。中药组随着用药剂量的增加,大鼠恢复正常越显著。空白组内皮细胞层完整,平滑肌层以平滑肌细胞和弹力纤维为主;模型组纤维母细胞大量代替内皮细胞,内膜增厚、部分管腔闭塞,空泡细胞、脂质沉积。中药各浓度组纤维母细胞大量代替内皮细胞,内膜增厚、部分管腔闭塞,空泡细胞、脂质沉积随着中药浓度增加而减少。西药组纤维母细胞大量代替内皮细胞,内膜增厚、部分管腔闭塞,有少量空泡细胞、脂质沉积较少。治疗后,与空白组比较,模型组血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、红细胞聚集指数、低切指数、高切指数显著升高,HDL显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);与模型组比较,高浓度组血清TC、TG、红细胞聚集指数、低切指数、高切指数显著下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。治疗后模型组TNF-α含量、miR-133a、TNF-αmRNA及蛋白表达水平明显高于空白组(P<0.05,P<0.01),中药高浓度组以上指标显著低于模型组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,miR-133a与血脂指标(TC、TG、LDL-C),血流变学指标(红细胞聚集指数、低切指数、高切指数及动脉脂肪沉积量)呈正相关(r=0.633、0.732、0.573、0.749、0.764、0.832、0.583;P=0.016、0.002、0.025、0.011、0.003、0.001、0.020)。结论芪黄疽愈方在大鼠ASO模型中具有调节脂质代谢与降低血液黏稠度的作用,从而抑制炎症细胞因子TNF-α表达,也能抑制miR-133a mRNA及蛋白表达,从而起到保护动脉内皮、干预ASO发展进程的作用。

D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α水平在COPD合并肺心病中的表达及诊断价值

目的分析D-二聚体、B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平在COPD合并肺心病患者中的表达及诊断价值。方法选取COPD患者80例,其中42例合并肺心病者为COPD合并肺心病(合并)组,38例未合并肺心病者为单纯COPD组,选择30例健康志愿者为对照组,按照纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能分级标准将患者分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级,对比各组D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α表达水平,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线预测D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α水平联合对COPD合并肺心病患者的预测价值。结果合并组D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α水平均高于对照组、单纯COPD组,且单纯COPD组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Ⅳ级组D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α水平均高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级;Ⅲ级组均高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ级;Ⅱ级组均高于Ⅰ级,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Pearson相关性分析,D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α之间呈正相关;D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α联合预测的曲线下面积(AUC)显著高于单独预测(P<0.05)。结论COPD合并肺心病患者应用D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α检测的临床价值明显,有利于评估患者心功能和肺动脉高压的严重程度,随着心功能恶化和肺动脉高压程度的加重,D-二聚体、NT-proBNP、TNF-α水平均升高。且三者检测方便,对COPD合并肺心病的诊断和病情评估及指导治疗、判断预后都有帮助。

VEGF/Akt信号通路在骨折大鼠愈合中作用机制及对炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α的影响

目的 观察血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)信号通路在骨折大鼠愈合中的作用机制及对炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α的影响。方法 选取健康清洁级SD雄性大鼠30只,按随机原则分为假手术组、模型组与对照组,每组10只。其中假手术组行假手术,模型组与对照组建立大鼠股骨骨折模型,对照组通过尾静脉注射经慢病毒转染高表达VEGF的骨髓间充质干细胞处理。4 w后通过四点断裂实验分析愈合后股骨的力学参数,通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测大鼠血清中成骨标记物骨源性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、IL-6与TNF-α水平,通过苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察股骨标本病理学变化,通过RT-聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测VEGF与p-Akt水平,通过Western印迹检测骨痂组织中p-Akt、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)、IL-6、TNF-α蛋白水平。结果 对照组骨折部位承受的最大力及韧性均显著高于模型组(P<0.05)。对照组外周血中BALP水平显著高于模型组,IL-6与TNF-α水平显著低于模型组(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,对照组骨折部位能观察到广泛的新骨生成,且骨组织中VEGF、p-Akt mRNA水平明显升高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,对照组骨痂组织中eNOS与p-Akt蛋白表达显著上调,IL-6与TNF-α蛋白表达显著下调(P<0.05)。结论 激活VEGF/Akt信号通路能促进骨折大鼠的愈合,且能够抑制炎症反应。

壮医药线点灸治疗老年带状疱疹后遗神经痛效果及对血清TNF-α、IL-6水平的影响

目的 比较壮医药线点灸疗法与火针治疗老年带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)的临床疗效,并观察其对患者细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-6水平的影响。方法 将80例老年带状疱疹后遗神经痛患者随机分为观察组(40例)和对照组(40例)。观察组给予壮医药线点灸治疗,对照组给予火针治疗,两组均隔日治疗1次,3次/w, 2 w为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程,疗程结束后观察疗效。观察比较两组视觉模拟评分(VAS)、临床疗效及细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6的表达水平。结果 观察组治疗第1次开始、对照组治疗第3次开始至治疗疗程结束,VAS均较治疗前显著降低(均P<0.05);两组间相比,从第1次治疗开始到第12次治疗的VAS差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且观察组缓解疼痛的起效时间显著早于对照组(P<0.01);两组血清因子TNF-α、IL-6含量均显著低于治疗前(均P<0.05)。结论 壮医药线点灸可以改善患者PHN的疼痛,止痛起效时间早,能较快缓解患者的疼痛,有效降低细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6的表达水平,减少了对神经系统的损伤,达到治疗PHN的目的。

健脾清化中药复方对大鼠慢性萎缩性胃炎TLR4-MyD88依赖途径蛋白表达及TNF-α的影响

目的观察健脾清化中药复方对慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)大鼠TLR4及下游My D88依赖途径相关蛋白表达及炎性因子TNF-α的影响,探讨健脾清化中药复方治疗CAG的分子机制。方法将53只Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组8只和CAG造模组45只,以"氨水+去氧胆酸钠+乙醇"法复制CAG大鼠模型。确认造模成功后,将造模组余下40只CAG大鼠随机分为模型组、维酶素组、中药低、中、高剂量组,各8只。各组给予相应药物灌胃,连续30 d。HE染色观察病理组织学改变,Western blot法检测TLR4、My D88、NF-κB、COX-2的蛋白表达量,ELISA法检测血清中TNF-α含量。结果模型组大鼠TLR4、My D88、NF-κB、COX-2蛋白表达水平明显增高(P<0.01),血清TNF-α含量明显增高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,健脾清化中药复方低、中、高剂量组胃黏膜病变明显改善,TLR4、My D88、NF-κB、COX-2蛋白表达水平均明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清TNF-α含量降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论健脾清化中药复方可有效改善CAG大鼠胃黏膜组织病理改变,其治疗机制可能与降低组织中TLR4-My D88依赖途径中相关蛋白表达,以及抑制炎症因子的表达有关。

TNF-α抑制剂对神经病理性痛大鼠镇痛作用及其机制探讨

目的：探究肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necrosis factorα,TNF-α）抑制剂XPro1595对大鼠脊神经结扎诱导的痛行为及脊髓背角白介素1β（IL-1β）、白介素6（IL-6）和TNF-α表达的影响。方法：运用L5脊神经结扎的方法建立神经病理性痛模型,通过鞘内注射给予TNF-α抑制剂（XPro1595）进行干预,采用Von Frey丝测定大鼠足底50%机械缩足反射阈值;运用Western Blot方法检测大鼠脊髓背角IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的表达情况。结果：（1）行为学结果显示：与对照组相比,脊神经结扎后大鼠表现出明显的机械性痛敏（P〈0.01）,且可被鞘内注射XPro1595有效改善（P〈0.01）;（2）Western Blot结果显示：与对照组相比,脊神经结扎组大鼠脊髓背角IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的表达显著升高,且可被鞘内注射XPro1595明显抑制（P〈0.01）。结论：鞘内注射XPro1595能够显著改善大鼠脊神经结扎诱导的神经病理性痛,其机制与抑制脊髓背角IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α等炎性细胞因子的表达有关。