Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) progresses fast and has a poor prognosis, but the growth rate in different TNM stages is not clear. The present study was to estimate the growth rate of HCC with different TNM...Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) progresses fast and has a poor prognosis, but the growth rate in different TNM stages is not clear. The present study was to estimate the growth rate of HCC with different TNM stages at diagnosis. Methods: Baseline demographics and tumor characteristics were analyzed for 10145 patients in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results(SEER) Program-registered HCC. Multiple linear regression models were used for age adjustment with patient race, sex, marital status, and HCC grade. Results: The age at diagnosis was younger in Caucasians and males. The adjusted average age of patients with stage I HCC was 65.26 years. The adjusted age of patients with stage II, IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC was-0.17,-0.25,-0.29, and-0.55 adjusted-year younger compared with patients with stage I HCC(all P < 0.001). The adjusted average age of patients with T1 was 65.26 years. The age adjustment was-0.17,-0.26, and-0.55 respectively(all P < 0.001) for T2, T3 or T4 tumors without distant metastases. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that the more advanced the HCC stage at diagnosis, the younger the age at diagnosis and the faster the HCC growth from tumor occurrence.展开更多
BACKGROUND One of the main characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is that it metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes frequently with a high degree of local invasiveness.A primary feature of malignant tumors...BACKGROUND One of the main characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is that it metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes frequently with a high degree of local invasiveness.A primary feature of malignant tumors is their penetration of neighboring tissues,such as lymphatic and blood arteries,due to the tumor cells'capacity to break down the extracellular matrix(ECM).Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)constitute a family of proteolytic enzymes that facilitate tissue remodeling and the degradation of the ECM.MMP-9 and MMP-13 belong to the group of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and their expression has been studied in OSCC because of their specific functions.MMP-13,a collagenase family member,is thought to play an essential role in the MMP activation cascade by breaking down the fibrillar collagens,whereas MMP-9 is thought to accelerate the growth of tumors.Elevated MMP-13 expression has been associated with tumor behavior and patient prognosis in a number of malignant cases.AIM To assess the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in OSCC.METHODS A total of 40 cases with histologically confirmed OSCC by incisional biopsy were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study.The protocols for both MMP-9 and MMP-13 immunohistochemical staining were performed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations along with the normal gingival epithelium as a positive control.All the observations were recorded and Pearson’sχ²test with Fisher exact test was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Our study showed no significant correlation between MMP-9 and MMP-13 staining intensity and tumor size.The majority of the patients were in advanced TNM stages(III and IV),and showed intense expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13.CONCLUSION The present study suggests that both MMP-9 and MMP-13 play an important and independent role in OSCC progression and invasiveness.Intense expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13,irrespective of histological grade of OSCC,correlates well with TNM stage.Consequently,it is evident that MMP-9 and MMP-13 are important for the invasiveness and progression of tumors.The findings may facilitate the development of new approaches for evaluating lymph node metastases and interventional therapy techniques,hence enhancing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with OSCC.展开更多
肺癌导致的死亡人数位于各类恶性肿瘤之首,它是对人类健康和生命威胁最大的恶性肿瘤之一。肺癌的TNM分期系统描述了肺癌的生长和扩散等信息,对于指导其临床治疗起了非常重要的作用。目前临床上广泛采用的是国际抗癌联盟(Union for Inter...肺癌导致的死亡人数位于各类恶性肿瘤之首,它是对人类健康和生命威胁最大的恶性肿瘤之一。肺癌的TNM分期系统描述了肺癌的生长和扩散等信息,对于指导其临床治疗起了非常重要的作用。目前临床上广泛采用的是国际抗癌联盟(Union for International Cancer Control,UICC)和美国癌症联合会(American Joint Committee on Cancer,AJCC)于2009年发布的第七版肺癌TNM分期。随着肺癌综合治疗的发展以及临床实践模式的改变,肺癌的疗效及其预后也有了明显的改变,旧的分期标准可能难以满足目前的临床需求。因此,国际肺癌研究协会(international association for the study of lung cancer,IASLC)于2014年就开始进行最新一轮的肺癌TNM分期标准修订研究计划。本次分期研究克服了以往分析数据均为回顾性数据的缺陷,采用囊括了回顾性和前瞻性数据的新数据库。该数据库主要是由1999—2010年间新确诊的94 708名肺癌患者数据组成。通过对该数据库分析研究,国际肺癌研究协会对TNM分期进行了相应的修改,并最终在2015年发表了第八版国际肺癌TNM分期的修订稿。本文就该修订稿的细节进行解读。展开更多
目前临床使用的肺癌分期是国际抗癌联盟(Union for International Cancer Control,UICC)于2009年1月颁布的第七版TNM分期。近年来,随着肺癌诊断技术的提高以及个体化治疗、分子靶向治疗等精准治疗模式的改变,肺癌的生存率及预后也有了...目前临床使用的肺癌分期是国际抗癌联盟(Union for International Cancer Control,UICC)于2009年1月颁布的第七版TNM分期。近年来,随着肺癌诊断技术的提高以及个体化治疗、分子靶向治疗等精准治疗模式的改变,肺癌的生存率及预后也有了明显的提高,旧的分期标准已难以适应当前的快速发展的临床需求。因此国际肺癌研究学会(International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer,IASLC)2015年对肺癌分期系统进行了更新,其修订稿发表于《Journal of Thoracic Oncology》,新版分期计划于2017年1月正式颁布实施。新分期标准采纳了来自16个国家的35个数据库,包含了自1999年-2010年间新发病的94,708例肺癌病例。新版分期的优势在于能够更好的显示患者的预后,对临床具有更高的指导价值。展开更多
基金This study was supported by grants from the Scientific Re-search Subject of Jiangsu Province Health Department(H201661)the Project of Invigorating Health Care through ScienceTech-nology and Education:Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent(QNRC2016331).
文摘Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) progresses fast and has a poor prognosis, but the growth rate in different TNM stages is not clear. The present study was to estimate the growth rate of HCC with different TNM stages at diagnosis. Methods: Baseline demographics and tumor characteristics were analyzed for 10145 patients in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results(SEER) Program-registered HCC. Multiple linear regression models were used for age adjustment with patient race, sex, marital status, and HCC grade. Results: The age at diagnosis was younger in Caucasians and males. The adjusted average age of patients with stage I HCC was 65.26 years. The adjusted age of patients with stage II, IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC was-0.17,-0.25,-0.29, and-0.55 adjusted-year younger compared with patients with stage I HCC(all P < 0.001). The adjusted average age of patients with T1 was 65.26 years. The age adjustment was-0.17,-0.26, and-0.55 respectively(all P < 0.001) for T2, T3 or T4 tumors without distant metastases. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that the more advanced the HCC stage at diagnosis, the younger the age at diagnosis and the faster the HCC growth from tumor occurrence.
文摘BACKGROUND One of the main characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is that it metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes frequently with a high degree of local invasiveness.A primary feature of malignant tumors is their penetration of neighboring tissues,such as lymphatic and blood arteries,due to the tumor cells'capacity to break down the extracellular matrix(ECM).Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)constitute a family of proteolytic enzymes that facilitate tissue remodeling and the degradation of the ECM.MMP-9 and MMP-13 belong to the group of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and their expression has been studied in OSCC because of their specific functions.MMP-13,a collagenase family member,is thought to play an essential role in the MMP activation cascade by breaking down the fibrillar collagens,whereas MMP-9 is thought to accelerate the growth of tumors.Elevated MMP-13 expression has been associated with tumor behavior and patient prognosis in a number of malignant cases.AIM To assess the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in OSCC.METHODS A total of 40 cases with histologically confirmed OSCC by incisional biopsy were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study.The protocols for both MMP-9 and MMP-13 immunohistochemical staining were performed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations along with the normal gingival epithelium as a positive control.All the observations were recorded and Pearson’sχ²test with Fisher exact test was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Our study showed no significant correlation between MMP-9 and MMP-13 staining intensity and tumor size.The majority of the patients were in advanced TNM stages(III and IV),and showed intense expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13.CONCLUSION The present study suggests that both MMP-9 and MMP-13 play an important and independent role in OSCC progression and invasiveness.Intense expression of MMP-9 and MMP-13,irrespective of histological grade of OSCC,correlates well with TNM stage.Consequently,it is evident that MMP-9 and MMP-13 are important for the invasiveness and progression of tumors.The findings may facilitate the development of new approaches for evaluating lymph node metastases and interventional therapy techniques,hence enhancing the prognosis of patients diagnosed with OSCC.
文摘肺癌导致的死亡人数位于各类恶性肿瘤之首,它是对人类健康和生命威胁最大的恶性肿瘤之一。肺癌的TNM分期系统描述了肺癌的生长和扩散等信息,对于指导其临床治疗起了非常重要的作用。目前临床上广泛采用的是国际抗癌联盟(Union for International Cancer Control,UICC)和美国癌症联合会(American Joint Committee on Cancer,AJCC)于2009年发布的第七版肺癌TNM分期。随着肺癌综合治疗的发展以及临床实践模式的改变,肺癌的疗效及其预后也有了明显的改变,旧的分期标准可能难以满足目前的临床需求。因此,国际肺癌研究协会(international association for the study of lung cancer,IASLC)于2014年就开始进行最新一轮的肺癌TNM分期标准修订研究计划。本次分期研究克服了以往分析数据均为回顾性数据的缺陷,采用囊括了回顾性和前瞻性数据的新数据库。该数据库主要是由1999—2010年间新确诊的94 708名肺癌患者数据组成。通过对该数据库分析研究,国际肺癌研究协会对TNM分期进行了相应的修改,并最终在2015年发表了第八版国际肺癌TNM分期的修订稿。本文就该修订稿的细节进行解读。
文摘目前临床使用的肺癌分期是国际抗癌联盟(Union for International Cancer Control,UICC)于2009年1月颁布的第七版TNM分期。近年来,随着肺癌诊断技术的提高以及个体化治疗、分子靶向治疗等精准治疗模式的改变,肺癌的生存率及预后也有了明显的提高,旧的分期标准已难以适应当前的快速发展的临床需求。因此国际肺癌研究学会(International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer,IASLC)2015年对肺癌分期系统进行了更新,其修订稿发表于《Journal of Thoracic Oncology》,新版分期计划于2017年1月正式颁布实施。新分期标准采纳了来自16个国家的35个数据库,包含了自1999年-2010年间新发病的94,708例肺癌病例。新版分期的优势在于能够更好的显示患者的预后,对临床具有更高的指导价值。
