Background: Transversal competences are included in the United Nations Organization 2030 Agenda for the formation of staff professional in higher education, having disciplinary and transversal skills to develop indivi...Background: Transversal competences are included in the United Nations Organization 2030 Agenda for the formation of staff professional in higher education, having disciplinary and transversal skills to develop individual, professional, social, and entrepreneurship at present time, creative individuals being able to solve social problems via collaboration. The aim was to evaluate the transversal competences developed by graduates, specialists in nursing with the accompaniment of clinic tutorship. Methods: Qualitative, phenomenological, and interpretative research. The informants were seven graduates from the Unique Program of Nursing Specialties (UPNS), from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), one participant from each knowledge field: Nursing in the Elderly, Public Health, Neurology, Physical and Sports Culture, Oncology, and two participants from Adult in Critical Condition. Information collection was through a focal group, and data analysis according to the principles of Souza Minayo. Signed informed consent was obtained previously. Results: Five categories with 24 sub-categories emerged. Category 1, Student’s perception on clinic tutorship specialty. Category 2, Competences promoted by clinic tutorship according to student’s experience. Category 3, Experiences about clinic tutorship planning. Category 4, Challenges faced by the student in the evaluation of clinic tutorship. Category 5, Opportunity fields in clinic tutorship from students’ experiences. Conclusion: Graduate students from the specialties describe transversal competences related with decision taking, collaborative work, and increase of population welfare, as well as generic disciplinary competences. The analogy of a social hinge between the clinic tutor and the student is highlighted, which allows to identify mobile and fixed components while the bolt that binds mentor with mentee is learning, by means of the accompaniment by an expert. .展开更多
AIM:To compare and evaluate the phacoemulsification parameters and postoperative endothelial cell changes of two different phacoemulsification machines, each with different modes, but also to assess the relationship b...AIM:To compare and evaluate the phacoemulsification parameters and postoperative endothelial cell changes of two different phacoemulsification machines, each with different modes, but also to assess the relationship between postoperative endothelial cell loss and the phacoemulsification parameters, as well as the other factors in both groups.METHODS:This prospective observational study was comprised of consecutive eligible cataract patients operated with phacoemulsification technique performed by the same surgeon using either a WHITESTAR Signature Ellips FX(transversal, group 1) or Infiniti OZil IP(torsional, group 2) machine.RESULTS:The study included 86 patients. Baseline characteristics in the groups were similar. The median nuclear sclerosis grade was 3(2-4) in the first group and2(2-4) in the second group(P =0.265). Both groups had similar phacoemulsification needle times(group 1: 60.63±36 s; group 2: 55.98±30 s; P =0.789). The percentage of endothelial cell loss 30 d after surgery ranged from 3% to15% with a median of 7% in group 1, and from 2% to13% with a median of 6% in group 2; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups(P =0.407). Hexagonality(P =0.794) and the coefficient of variation(CV; P =0.142) did not differ significantly between the groups before and 30 d after surgery. Asignificant positive correlation was found between the endothelial cell loss and nuclear sclerosis grade(group1: P 【0.001; group 2: P 【0.001) and between the endothelial cell loss and average phacoemulsification power(group 1: P =0.007; group 2: P =0.008).CONCLUSION:Both of these machines were efficient,with similar endothelial cell loss. This endothelial cell loss was related to the increased nuclear sclerosis grade and increased phacoemulsification power.展开更多
Finite volume schemes for the two-dimensional(2D) wave system are taken to demonstrate the role of the genuine dimensionality of Lax-Wendroff flow solvers for compressible fluid flows. When the finite volume schemes a...Finite volume schemes for the two-dimensional(2D) wave system are taken to demonstrate the role of the genuine dimensionality of Lax-Wendroff flow solvers for compressible fluid flows. When the finite volume schemes are applied, the transversal variation relative to the computational cell interfaces is neglected, and only the normal numerical flux is used, thanks to the Gauss-Green formula. In order to offset such defects, the Lax-Wendroff flow solvers or the generalized Riemann problem(GRP) solvers are adopted by substituting the time evolution of flows into the spatial variation. The numerical results show that even with the same convergence rate, the error by the GRP2D solver is almost one ninth of that by the multistage Runge-Kutta(RK) method.展开更多
Based on the nonlocal nonlinear Schr6dinger equation, the propagation properties of anomalous hollow beams in strongly isotropic nonlocal media are investigated. The analytical expressions of the beam propagation, the...Based on the nonlocal nonlinear Schr6dinger equation, the propagation properties of anomalous hollow beams in strongly isotropic nonlocal media are investigated. The analytical expressions of the beam propagation, the on-axis intensity and the beam width are obt.ained. The results show that the evolution of the beam is periodical and the input power is the most important parameter. The input power determines the variation of the period. Furthermore, it is found that there exists a critical input power in the x direction and in the y direction separately when the initial beam widths in the two transversal directions are unequal. The beam width remains invariant in the corresponding transversal direction when the input power equals the critical power in one of the transversal directions. Selecting a properinput power, the beam can be broadened or compressed in the two transversal directions at the same time, In particular, the beam can be broadened (compressed) in one transversal direction, whereas in the other transversal direction, it is compressed (broadened), i.e., the transversal reverse transformation.展开更多
The nonlinear transversal vibration of axially moving yarn with time-dependent tension is investigated. Yarn material is modeled as Kelvin model. A partial differential equation governing the transversal vibration is ...The nonlinear transversal vibration of axially moving yarn with time-dependent tension is investigated. Yarn material is modeled as Kelvin model. A partial differential equation governing the transversal vibration is derived from the Newton's second law.Galerkin method is used to truncate the governing nonlinear differential equation,and thus the first-order ordinary differential equation is obtained. The periodic vibration equation and the natural frequency of moving yarn are received by applying homotopy perturbation method. As a result,the condition which should be avoided during the tufting process for resonance is obtained.展开更多
By combining the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz and local density approximation, we investigate the Yang-Yang thermodynamics of interacting one-dimensional Bose gases with anisotropic transversal confinement. It is shown ...By combining the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz and local density approximation, we investigate the Yang-Yang thermodynamics of interacting one-dimensional Bose gases with anisotropic transversal confinement. It is shown that with the increase of anisotropic parameter at low temperature, the Bose atoms are distributed over a wider region, while at high temperature the density distribution is not affected obviously. Both the temperature and transversal confinement can strengthen the local pressure of the Dose gases.展开更多
Iraq is located at the extreme northeastern part of the Arabian Plate, which is in collision with the Eurasian Plate. This collision is still onward, and has caused alignment of the evolved structures in NW-SE trend, ...Iraq is located at the extreme northeastern part of the Arabian Plate, which is in collision with the Eurasian Plate. This collision is still onward, and has caused alignment of the evolved structures in NW-SE trend, mainly, especially in the northern, northeastern and eastern sides of Iraq. However, many transversal linear features of NE-SW trend, represented by rivers, streams, valleys, playas, anticlines and offsets are developed, in parallel trend to the main compressional forces created by the aforementioned collision. Many examples from different parts of Iraq confirm the mechanism of their formation through the geological, geomorphological, tectonics and structural aspects. Although the existing linear features are tens of kilometers in length, but almost no surface displacements were reported, except very few, in some parts of Iraq. The given examples are selected to be the most obvious, when geophysical data are available, the surface and subsurface geology of the involved area is correlated to deduce whether the surface expression coincides with the subsurface or otherwise. A brief tectonic history is also given.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Measuring optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), a relatively re-cent technique, allows an indirect and non-invasive diagnosis of intracranial hypertension. The ONSD ratio to eyeb...<strong>Background:</strong> Measuring optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), a relatively re-cent technique, allows an indirect and non-invasive diagnosis of intracranial hypertension. The ONSD ratio to eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) increases this reliability of the technique. The objective of this study was to determine the normal ONSD and its ratio with ETD in black African adults in Benin. <strong>Methods:</strong> A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2019 and August 2019. Ultrasound ONSD and ONSD/ETD ratio were meas-ured in 210 healthy adults received in the medical imaging department of the Borgou and Alibori University Hospital Center in Benin. The ONSD corre-sponded to the average of 12 measurements (03 horizontal and 03 vertical for each eye) taken 3 mm behind the papilla. The transverse ETD corresponded to the average of 03 measurements. <strong>Results:</strong> The mean ONSD was 4.20 ± 0.28 mm (95% CI = [4.17;4.24] mm and 95th percentile = 4.70 mm). The mean ETD was 24.25 ± 1.10 mm. The ONSD/ETD ratio was 0.17 ± 0.01 (95% CI = [0.17;0.17] and 95th percentile = 0.19). There was no difference between ver-tical and horizontal ONSD and between right and left ONSD. The ONSD and the ONSD/ETD ratio were not correlated with any of the socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics studied (sex, age, ethnicity, weight, height, body mass index, head circumference and waist circumference). The ONSD was associated with ETD (p < 0.001 and r = 0.55). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> An ONSD and an ONSD/ETD ratio respectively greater than 4.70 mm and 0.19 should sus-pect intracranial hypertension. The ONSD/ETD ratio may be a better indicator of HICT because of its small variation.展开更多
The article initially reviews various works describing the physical model (PM) of Michelson’s interferometric experiment (ME), represented by the race between two swimmers Sw1, Sw2 (or boats, or planes, or sound sign...The article initially reviews various works describing the physical model (PM) of Michelson’s interferometric experiment (ME), represented by the race between two swimmers Sw1, Sw2 (or boats, or planes, or sound signals, etc.). The two swimmers must each swim the same distance, but Sw1 will swim along the river flow, and Sw2 will swim perpendicularly to this direction. In all such works, it is considered that Sw2’s path will require less time and that it will reach the start point first. However, in this work, it has been determined that in order to make this possible, Sw2 must not observe the orthogonality rule of his start direction. This action would be deceitful to the arbiters and thus considered as non-fair-play towards Sw1. The article proves by swimming times calculus, that if the fair-play rules are observed, then the correct crosswise path (in water reference frame) is a right triangle instead of the isosceles triangle considered by Michelson. Consequently, the two times shall be perfectly equal and the race ends in a tie, and the myth of Sw2 as the race winner shall be debunked. Note that the same result shall also be applicable to Michelson’s interferometric experiment (ME) as well as to any similar experiment. Therefore, utilising the isosceles triangle as the transversal path in PM and also in ME is an erroneous act.展开更多
A numerical model is established by Abaqus software for superalloy during tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding with welding fixture to simulate the weld temperature filed, stress and strain field, and weld plate's hori...A numerical model is established by Abaqus software for superalloy during tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding with welding fixture to simulate the weld temperature filed, stress and strain field, and weld plate's horizontal trasnsveral shift. The clamp force perpendicular to the weld plate varying with welding time was analyzed. The maximum clamp force during welding process was calculated. Under the condition of insufficient of clamping force, a half or one third of the maximum clamp force for example, the weld plate's horizontal transversal displacement could happen and also be computed.展开更多
The effects of a beam thickness and a conducting wall in a free electron laser with a linearlypolarized wiggler magnetic field and an axial magnetic field are investigated within the framework of fluid-Maxwell equatio...The effects of a beam thickness and a conducting wall in a free electron laser with a linearlypolarized wiggler magnetic field and an axial magnetic field are investigated within the framework of fluid-Maxwell equations.The growth rate of free electron laser instability is obtained,in which the nonlinear bulkand surface current density are simultaneously considered.The numerical calculations indicate that the bulkcoupling is dominant.There is an optimum beam thickness and separation between the conducting walls forwhich the growth rate is maximum.展开更多
The compact,sensitive,and multidimensional displacement measurement device plays a crucial role in semiconductor manufacture and high-resolution optical imaging.The metasurface offers a promising solution to develop h...The compact,sensitive,and multidimensional displacement measurement device plays a crucial role in semiconductor manufacture and high-resolution optical imaging.The metasurface offers a promising solution to develop high-precision displacement metrology.In this work,we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a two-dimensional displacement(XZ)measurement device by a dielectric metasurface.Both transversal and longitudinal displacements of the metasurface can be obtained by the analysis of the interference optical intensity that is generated by the deflected light beams while the metasurface is under linearly polarized incidence.We experimentally demonstrated that displacements down to 5.4 nm along the x-axis and 0.12μm along the z-axis can be resolved with a 900μm×900μm metasurface.Our work opens up new possibilities to develop a compact high-precision multidimensional displacement sensor.展开更多
This article presents a study on the structural behavior of transversely prestressed laminated timber slabs,focusing on an innovative approach:vertically misaligned lamellae.This misalignment,achieved by sliding verti...This article presents a study on the structural behavior of transversely prestressed laminated timber slabs,focusing on an innovative approach:vertically misaligned lamellae.This misalignment,achieved by sliding vertically the wooden lamellae rather than aligning them,enhances the slab’s cross-section moment of inertia,thereby improving load-bearing capacity and stiffness.Testing involved two groups of structural size specimens:one with vertically aligned lamellae(control group)and the other with misaligned lamellae(study group).Results showed the study group exhibited 42%superior stiffness and 10%less load capacity compared to the control.Failures typically occurred individually in the lamellae,particularly in those with defects or lower modulus of elasticity,concentrated in the middle third of the slabs’free span where tensile stresses peak.Despite a higher number of failed lamellae,the study group demonstrated promising performance.Analysis of prestressing bar indicated no damage at all in the thread,suggesting potential for reducing bar diameter.These findings offer crucial insights into applying these slabs in timber construction as well as to any kind of construction.展开更多
Let S be a regular semigroup, S° an inverse subsemigroup of S.S° is called a generalized inverse transversal of S, if V(x)∩S°≠Ф. In this paper, some properties of this kind of semigroups are discus...Let S be a regular semigroup, S° an inverse subsemigroup of S.S° is called a generalized inverse transversal of S, if V(x)∩S°≠Ф. In this paper, some properties of this kind of semigroups are discussed. In particular, a construction theorem is obtained which contains some recent results in the literature as its special cases.展开更多
Given a weighted graph G=(V,E)with weight w:E→Z+,a k-cycle transversal is an edge subset A of E such that G−A has no k-cycle.The minimum weight of kcycle transversal is the weighted transversal number on k-cycle,deno...Given a weighted graph G=(V,E)with weight w:E→Z+,a k-cycle transversal is an edge subset A of E such that G−A has no k-cycle.The minimum weight of kcycle transversal is the weighted transversal number on k-cycle,denoted byτk(Gw).In this paper,we design a(k−1/2)-approximation algorithm for the weighted transversal number on k-cycle when k is odd.Given a weighted graph G=(V,E)with weight w:E→Z+,a k-clique transversal is an edge subset A of E such that G−A has no k-clique.The minimum weight of k-clique transversal is the weighted transversal number on k-clique,denoted byτapproximation algorithm for the weighted transversal number on k(Gw).In this paper,we design a(k2−k−1)/2-k-clique.Last,we discuss the relationship between k-clique covering and k-clique packing in complete graph Kn.展开更多
In this paper,some properties of quasi-type δ semigroups with an adequate transversal are explored.In particular,abundant semigroups with a cancellative transversal are character-ized.Our results generalize and enric...In this paper,some properties of quasi-type δ semigroups with an adequate transversal are explored.In particular,abundant semigroups with a cancellative transversal are character-ized.Our results generalize and enrich Saito's results on quasi-orthodox semigroups with an inverse transversal.展开更多
For a regular semigroup with an inverse transversal, we have Saito’s structure W(I, S°, Λ, *, α,β). We represent congruences on this kind of semigroups by the so-called congruence assemblage which consist of ...For a regular semigroup with an inverse transversal, we have Saito’s structure W(I, S°, Λ, *, α,β). We represent congruences on this kind of semigroups by the so-called congruence assemblage which consist of congruences on the structure component parts I, S° and Λ. The structure of images of this type of semigroups is also presented.展开更多
In the continuous casting of steels, surface transversal cracks are often found. These defects may severely influence the final quality of the products. The evolution of transversal V-shaped cracks with different dept...In the continuous casting of steels, surface transversal cracks are often found. These defects may severely influence the final quality of the products. The evolution of transversal V-shaped cracks with different depth on the surface of a continuously cast steel slab during hot rolling was studied. The artificial V-shaped cracks were made on the surface. The rolling process parameters from an industrial rolling mill have been used as a reference. The speci- mens of rolled workpiece in intermediate slabs were obtained after different rolling passes. The morphology of sur- face crack and microstructure evolution in the rolling process were investigated by optical microscopy. The results show that the depth of surface transversal crack gradually decreased with the increase of rolling passes. The grain size of ferrite and pearlite on the sample surface also gradually reduced. The microstructures around cracks with the dif ferent depth are almost identical, without direct correlation with the initial crack depth.展开更多
Behavior of transversal crack notched on slab corner during vertical-horizontal rolling process was simulated by FEM. The crack tip stress in the whole rolling process was obtained. Influences of the friction coeffici...Behavior of transversal crack notched on slab corner during vertical-horizontal rolling process was simulated by FEM. The crack tip stress in the whole rolling process was obtained. Influences of the friction coefficient, the initial crack size, the edger roll profile, and the groove fillet radii of grooved edger roll on crack tip stress were analyzed. For vertical rolling, the tension stress appears at crack tip near the slab top surface and the compression stress appears at crack tip near the slab side surface for the flat edger roll; however, the compression stress appears at crack tip near the slab top surface and the tension stress appears at crack tip near the slab side surface in the exit stage for the grooved edger roll. For horizontal rolling, the tension stress appears at crack tip just at the exit stage for the flat edger roll, and the tension stress appears in whole rolling stage; the tension stress value near the slab side surface is much larger than that near the slab top surface for the grooved edger roll.展开更多
文摘Background: Transversal competences are included in the United Nations Organization 2030 Agenda for the formation of staff professional in higher education, having disciplinary and transversal skills to develop individual, professional, social, and entrepreneurship at present time, creative individuals being able to solve social problems via collaboration. The aim was to evaluate the transversal competences developed by graduates, specialists in nursing with the accompaniment of clinic tutorship. Methods: Qualitative, phenomenological, and interpretative research. The informants were seven graduates from the Unique Program of Nursing Specialties (UPNS), from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), one participant from each knowledge field: Nursing in the Elderly, Public Health, Neurology, Physical and Sports Culture, Oncology, and two participants from Adult in Critical Condition. Information collection was through a focal group, and data analysis according to the principles of Souza Minayo. Signed informed consent was obtained previously. Results: Five categories with 24 sub-categories emerged. Category 1, Student’s perception on clinic tutorship specialty. Category 2, Competences promoted by clinic tutorship according to student’s experience. Category 3, Experiences about clinic tutorship planning. Category 4, Challenges faced by the student in the evaluation of clinic tutorship. Category 5, Opportunity fields in clinic tutorship from students’ experiences. Conclusion: Graduate students from the specialties describe transversal competences related with decision taking, collaborative work, and increase of population welfare, as well as generic disciplinary competences. The analogy of a social hinge between the clinic tutor and the student is highlighted, which allows to identify mobile and fixed components while the bolt that binds mentor with mentee is learning, by means of the accompaniment by an expert. .
文摘AIM:To compare and evaluate the phacoemulsification parameters and postoperative endothelial cell changes of two different phacoemulsification machines, each with different modes, but also to assess the relationship between postoperative endothelial cell loss and the phacoemulsification parameters, as well as the other factors in both groups.METHODS:This prospective observational study was comprised of consecutive eligible cataract patients operated with phacoemulsification technique performed by the same surgeon using either a WHITESTAR Signature Ellips FX(transversal, group 1) or Infiniti OZil IP(torsional, group 2) machine.RESULTS:The study included 86 patients. Baseline characteristics in the groups were similar. The median nuclear sclerosis grade was 3(2-4) in the first group and2(2-4) in the second group(P =0.265). Both groups had similar phacoemulsification needle times(group 1: 60.63±36 s; group 2: 55.98±30 s; P =0.789). The percentage of endothelial cell loss 30 d after surgery ranged from 3% to15% with a median of 7% in group 1, and from 2% to13% with a median of 6% in group 2; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups(P =0.407). Hexagonality(P =0.794) and the coefficient of variation(CV; P =0.142) did not differ significantly between the groups before and 30 d after surgery. Asignificant positive correlation was found between the endothelial cell loss and nuclear sclerosis grade(group1: P 【0.001; group 2: P 【0.001) and between the endothelial cell loss and average phacoemulsification power(group 1: P =0.007; group 2: P =0.008).CONCLUSION:Both of these machines were efficient,with similar endothelial cell loss. This endothelial cell loss was related to the increased nuclear sclerosis grade and increased phacoemulsification power.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11771054 and 91852207)
文摘Finite volume schemes for the two-dimensional(2D) wave system are taken to demonstrate the role of the genuine dimensionality of Lax-Wendroff flow solvers for compressible fluid flows. When the finite volume schemes are applied, the transversal variation relative to the computational cell interfaces is neglected, and only the normal numerical flux is used, thanks to the Gauss-Green formula. In order to offset such defects, the Lax-Wendroff flow solvers or the generalized Riemann problem(GRP) solvers are adopted by substituting the time evolution of flows into the spatial variation. The numerical results show that even with the same convergence rate, the error by the GRP2D solver is almost one ninth of that by the multistage Runge-Kutta(RK) method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61308016,11374089,and 11347121)the Natural Science Foundationof Hebei Province,China(Grant Nos.A2012205023,F2012205076,and A2012205085)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(GrantNo.13JJ4097)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2014M551041)the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hebei Province,China(Grant No.ZD20131014)Hebei Normal University Foundation,China(Grant No.L2011B06)
文摘Based on the nonlocal nonlinear Schr6dinger equation, the propagation properties of anomalous hollow beams in strongly isotropic nonlocal media are investigated. The analytical expressions of the beam propagation, the on-axis intensity and the beam width are obt.ained. The results show that the evolution of the beam is periodical and the input power is the most important parameter. The input power determines the variation of the period. Furthermore, it is found that there exists a critical input power in the x direction and in the y direction separately when the initial beam widths in the two transversal directions are unequal. The beam width remains invariant in the corresponding transversal direction when the input power equals the critical power in one of the transversal directions. Selecting a properinput power, the beam can be broadened or compressed in the two transversal directions at the same time, In particular, the beam can be broadened (compressed) in one transversal direction, whereas in the other transversal direction, it is compressed (broadened), i.e., the transversal reverse transformation.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia,China(No.2012MS0811)
文摘The nonlinear transversal vibration of axially moving yarn with time-dependent tension is investigated. Yarn material is modeled as Kelvin model. A partial differential equation governing the transversal vibration is derived from the Newton's second law.Galerkin method is used to truncate the governing nonlinear differential equation,and thus the first-order ordinary differential equation is obtained. The periodic vibration equation and the natural frequency of moving yarn are received by applying homotopy perturbation method. As a result,the condition which should be avoided during the tufting process for resonance is obtained.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11004007)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘By combining the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz and local density approximation, we investigate the Yang-Yang thermodynamics of interacting one-dimensional Bose gases with anisotropic transversal confinement. It is shown that with the increase of anisotropic parameter at low temperature, the Bose atoms are distributed over a wider region, while at high temperature the density distribution is not affected obviously. Both the temperature and transversal confinement can strengthen the local pressure of the Dose gases.
文摘Iraq is located at the extreme northeastern part of the Arabian Plate, which is in collision with the Eurasian Plate. This collision is still onward, and has caused alignment of the evolved structures in NW-SE trend, mainly, especially in the northern, northeastern and eastern sides of Iraq. However, many transversal linear features of NE-SW trend, represented by rivers, streams, valleys, playas, anticlines and offsets are developed, in parallel trend to the main compressional forces created by the aforementioned collision. Many examples from different parts of Iraq confirm the mechanism of their formation through the geological, geomorphological, tectonics and structural aspects. Although the existing linear features are tens of kilometers in length, but almost no surface displacements were reported, except very few, in some parts of Iraq. The given examples are selected to be the most obvious, when geophysical data are available, the surface and subsurface geology of the involved area is correlated to deduce whether the surface expression coincides with the subsurface or otherwise. A brief tectonic history is also given.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Measuring optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), a relatively re-cent technique, allows an indirect and non-invasive diagnosis of intracranial hypertension. The ONSD ratio to eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) increases this reliability of the technique. The objective of this study was to determine the normal ONSD and its ratio with ETD in black African adults in Benin. <strong>Methods:</strong> A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2019 and August 2019. Ultrasound ONSD and ONSD/ETD ratio were meas-ured in 210 healthy adults received in the medical imaging department of the Borgou and Alibori University Hospital Center in Benin. The ONSD corre-sponded to the average of 12 measurements (03 horizontal and 03 vertical for each eye) taken 3 mm behind the papilla. The transverse ETD corresponded to the average of 03 measurements. <strong>Results:</strong> The mean ONSD was 4.20 ± 0.28 mm (95% CI = [4.17;4.24] mm and 95th percentile = 4.70 mm). The mean ETD was 24.25 ± 1.10 mm. The ONSD/ETD ratio was 0.17 ± 0.01 (95% CI = [0.17;0.17] and 95th percentile = 0.19). There was no difference between ver-tical and horizontal ONSD and between right and left ONSD. The ONSD and the ONSD/ETD ratio were not correlated with any of the socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics studied (sex, age, ethnicity, weight, height, body mass index, head circumference and waist circumference). The ONSD was associated with ETD (p < 0.001 and r = 0.55). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> An ONSD and an ONSD/ETD ratio respectively greater than 4.70 mm and 0.19 should sus-pect intracranial hypertension. The ONSD/ETD ratio may be a better indicator of HICT because of its small variation.
文摘The article initially reviews various works describing the physical model (PM) of Michelson’s interferometric experiment (ME), represented by the race between two swimmers Sw1, Sw2 (or boats, or planes, or sound signals, etc.). The two swimmers must each swim the same distance, but Sw1 will swim along the river flow, and Sw2 will swim perpendicularly to this direction. In all such works, it is considered that Sw2’s path will require less time and that it will reach the start point first. However, in this work, it has been determined that in order to make this possible, Sw2 must not observe the orthogonality rule of his start direction. This action would be deceitful to the arbiters and thus considered as non-fair-play towards Sw1. The article proves by swimming times calculus, that if the fair-play rules are observed, then the correct crosswise path (in water reference frame) is a right triangle instead of the isosceles triangle considered by Michelson. Consequently, the two times shall be perfectly equal and the race ends in a tie, and the myth of Sw2 as the race winner shall be debunked. Note that the same result shall also be applicable to Michelson’s interferometric experiment (ME) as well as to any similar experiment. Therefore, utilising the isosceles triangle as the transversal path in PM and also in ME is an erroneous act.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51275496)
文摘A numerical model is established by Abaqus software for superalloy during tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding with welding fixture to simulate the weld temperature filed, stress and strain field, and weld plate's horizontal trasnsveral shift. The clamp force perpendicular to the weld plate varying with welding time was analyzed. The maximum clamp force during welding process was calculated. Under the condition of insufficient of clamping force, a half or one third of the maximum clamp force for example, the weld plate's horizontal transversal displacement could happen and also be computed.
文摘The effects of a beam thickness and a conducting wall in a free electron laser with a linearlypolarized wiggler magnetic field and an axial magnetic field are investigated within the framework of fluid-Maxwell equations.The growth rate of free electron laser instability is obtained,in which the nonlinear bulkand surface current density are simultaneously considered.The numerical calculations indicate that the bulkcoupling is dominant.There is an optimum beam thickness and separation between the conducting walls forwhich the growth rate is maximum.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U20A20216)the Technology Domain Fund of 173 Project(No.2021-JCJQ-JJ-0284)。
文摘The compact,sensitive,and multidimensional displacement measurement device plays a crucial role in semiconductor manufacture and high-resolution optical imaging.The metasurface offers a promising solution to develop high-precision displacement metrology.In this work,we proposed and experimentally demonstrated a two-dimensional displacement(XZ)measurement device by a dielectric metasurface.Both transversal and longitudinal displacements of the metasurface can be obtained by the analysis of the interference optical intensity that is generated by the deflected light beams while the metasurface is under linearly polarized incidence.We experimentally demonstrated that displacements down to 5.4 nm along the x-axis and 0.12μm along the z-axis can be resolved with a 900μm×900μm metasurface.Our work opens up new possibilities to develop a compact high-precision multidimensional displacement sensor.
文摘This article presents a study on the structural behavior of transversely prestressed laminated timber slabs,focusing on an innovative approach:vertically misaligned lamellae.This misalignment,achieved by sliding vertically the wooden lamellae rather than aligning them,enhances the slab’s cross-section moment of inertia,thereby improving load-bearing capacity and stiffness.Testing involved two groups of structural size specimens:one with vertically aligned lamellae(control group)and the other with misaligned lamellae(study group).Results showed the study group exhibited 42%superior stiffness and 10%less load capacity compared to the control.Failures typically occurred individually in the lamellae,particularly in those with defects or lower modulus of elasticity,concentrated in the middle third of the slabs’free span where tensile stresses peak.Despite a higher number of failed lamellae,the study group demonstrated promising performance.Analysis of prestressing bar indicated no damage at all in the thread,suggesting potential for reducing bar diameter.These findings offer crucial insights into applying these slabs in timber construction as well as to any kind of construction.
文摘Let S be a regular semigroup, S° an inverse subsemigroup of S.S° is called a generalized inverse transversal of S, if V(x)∩S°≠Ф. In this paper, some properties of this kind of semigroups are discussed. In particular, a construction theorem is obtained which contains some recent results in the literature as its special cases.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11901605)the disciplinary funding of Central University of Finance and Economics.
文摘Given a weighted graph G=(V,E)with weight w:E→Z+,a k-cycle transversal is an edge subset A of E such that G−A has no k-cycle.The minimum weight of kcycle transversal is the weighted transversal number on k-cycle,denoted byτk(Gw).In this paper,we design a(k−1/2)-approximation algorithm for the weighted transversal number on k-cycle when k is odd.Given a weighted graph G=(V,E)with weight w:E→Z+,a k-clique transversal is an edge subset A of E such that G−A has no k-clique.The minimum weight of k-clique transversal is the weighted transversal number on k-clique,denoted byτapproximation algorithm for the weighted transversal number on k(Gw).In this paper,we design a(k2−k−1)/2-k-clique.Last,we discuss the relationship between k-clique covering and k-clique packing in complete graph Kn.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation Project of Yunnan Education Department (Grant No.09Y0141)a Ph.D Foundation of Yunnan Normal University
文摘In this paper,some properties of quasi-type δ semigroups with an adequate transversal are explored.In particular,abundant semigroups with a cancellative transversal are character-ized.Our results generalize and enrich Saito's results on quasi-orthodox semigroups with an inverse transversal.
基金This work is supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
文摘For a regular semigroup with an inverse transversal, we have Saito’s structure W(I, S°, Λ, *, α,β). We represent congruences on this kind of semigroups by the so-called congruence assemblage which consist of congruences on the structure component parts I, S° and Λ. The structure of images of this type of semigroups is also presented.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50271060)
文摘In the continuous casting of steels, surface transversal cracks are often found. These defects may severely influence the final quality of the products. The evolution of transversal V-shaped cracks with different depth on the surface of a continuously cast steel slab during hot rolling was studied. The artificial V-shaped cracks were made on the surface. The rolling process parameters from an industrial rolling mill have been used as a reference. The speci- mens of rolled workpiece in intermediate slabs were obtained after different rolling passes. The morphology of sur- face crack and microstructure evolution in the rolling process were investigated by optical microscopy. The results show that the depth of surface transversal crack gradually decreased with the increase of rolling passes. The grain size of ferrite and pearlite on the sample surface also gradually reduced. The microstructures around cracks with the dif ferent depth are almost identical, without direct correlation with the initial crack depth.
基金State Basic Research Key Projects (973) of China (2006CB605208-1)National Natural Science Foundation of China (50534020)
文摘Behavior of transversal crack notched on slab corner during vertical-horizontal rolling process was simulated by FEM. The crack tip stress in the whole rolling process was obtained. Influences of the friction coefficient, the initial crack size, the edger roll profile, and the groove fillet radii of grooved edger roll on crack tip stress were analyzed. For vertical rolling, the tension stress appears at crack tip near the slab top surface and the compression stress appears at crack tip near the slab side surface for the flat edger roll; however, the compression stress appears at crack tip near the slab top surface and the tension stress appears at crack tip near the slab side surface in the exit stage for the grooved edger roll. For horizontal rolling, the tension stress appears at crack tip just at the exit stage for the flat edger roll, and the tension stress appears in whole rolling stage; the tension stress value near the slab side surface is much larger than that near the slab top surface for the grooved edger roll.