清镇市煤矿周边农田Cr、Pb水稻低积累品种筛选及健康风险评价

为探究不同水稻品种对铬(Cr)、铅(Pb)的吸收能力以及糙米摄入对人体产生的健康风险,通过田间原位小区试验探讨清镇市煤矿区周边主栽的10个水稻品种对Cr、Pb积累与转运的潜力差异。结果表明,参试水稻不同部位对Cr、Pb的累积均呈显著差异,糙米Cr含量均显著超过国家标准食品安全限值(1.0 mg/kg),SD01、SD07~SD10等5个品种Pb超过国家标准食品中污染物限量(0.2 mg/kg)。各部位对土壤Cr、Pb的富集能力均小于1,均以根部富集能力最强,对Cr的富集能力整体强于Pb。Cr、Pb在水稻体内迁移过程中,Cr在叶/茎中迁移能力最强,Pb在稻壳/叶中迁移能力最强,对Pb的转运能力整体强于Cr。不同人群的TTHQ均大于1,存在影响很明显的膳食健康风险,Cr为主要贡献因子。

广东省市售干食用菌中元素含量分析与质量安全评价

目的:检测广东省市售18种干食用菌的26种元素含量并进行质量安全和健康风险评测。方法:采用电感耦合等离子体光谱法(ICP-OES)和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)检测广东省市售18种干食用菌中Li、Be、B、Na、Mg、Al、K、Ca、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Sr、Mo、Ag、Cd、Sn、Sb、Ba、Hg、Tl、Pb等26种元素含量,并利用内梅罗综合污染指数评价法和靶标危害系数法对干食用菌质量安全等级及膳食暴露风险进行评估。结果:26种元素含量差异较大,其中K、Mg、Ca、Na、Al、Fe 6种元素含量较高,均大于100 mg/kg,Li、Be、Cr、Ni、As、Se、Mo、Cd、Sn、Sb、Hg、Tl、Pb等元素含量较低,均小于1 mg/kg;大部分重金属含量均低于国家标准中安全限量值,铅、镉、汞、砷、铬的超标率分别为0.00%、11.12%、5.56%、2.78%、1.86%。干食用菌重金属内梅罗综合污染指数表明,红菇、牛肝菌均达到中度污染等级,姬松茸、羊肚菌、竹荪均达到轻度污染等级,榛蘑达到警戒等级,其余12种干食用菌均属于安全级别。重金属膳食暴露风险结果表明,不同年龄人群膳食摄入食用菌中铅、镉、汞、砷、铬的TTHQ值均小于1。结论:广东省市售18种干食用菌中K、Mg、Ca、Na等人体常量元素含量较高,Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr等重金属元素含量较低;广东省市售18种干食用菌总体水平是安全的,重金属膳食暴露风险水平较低。

Distribution of Cr,Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn in organs of three selected local fish species of Turag river,Bangladesh and impact assessment on human health

The current study estimates the contamination status of heavy metals in fish organs of three local fish species including Amblypharyngodon microlepis(Mola),Trichogaster chuna(Chuna Khalisha)and Annaldale Loach(Gutum fish)which were collected from Turag river during the months from January to March 2022.The heavy metal concentrations of river water and fish organs were assessed through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer(AAS).Heavy metals in river water was detected in the order of Ni>Zn>Cu>Cd>Pb>Cr while metal accumulation in the fish organs were detected in the order of Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd,Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Cd and Zn>Cu>Cr>Pb>Cd for Trichogaster chuna,Amblypharyngodon microlepis and Annaldale Loach respectively.Among the detected heavy metals,highest contamination factor(CF)of Zn(1.104198)in intestine and lowest CF of Cu(0.00315)was detected in muscle of Amblypharyngodon microlepis(Mola).On the other hand,highest CF of Cd(1.072772)in liver and lowest CF of Zn(0.0225016)in gill of Trichogaster chuna(Chuna Khalisha)was detected.In case of Annaldale Loach(Gutum fish),highest CF of Cu(0.304122)in liver and lowest CF of Zn(0.002593)in intestine was detected.The total target hazard quotients(TTHQ)values of Amblypharyngodon microlepis in liver(1.18816)exceeded allowable threshold of 1 while TTHQ values in the muscle(1.8862)and liver(1.03995)of Annaldale Loach(Gutum fish)surpassed the acceptable standard limit as well.The TTHQ values(Gill-0.18764,Muscle-2.1633,Intestine-1.68741,liver-1.03995,kidney-1.82188)for all of the organs of Trichogaster chuna(Chuna Khalisha)exceeded the acceptable standard limit which indicated possible non-cancer risk for all consumers and some of the fishes found unsafe if they are consumed for a longer time.However,the target cancer risk(TCR)values indicated no potential cancer risks by consumption of those fishes.The regulatory authorities should pay more attention to reduce the river water contamination through industrial effluents which might affect public health.