TTT模式在护生职业防护知信行培训中的应用实践

目的 提高护生职业防护认知,掌握职业防护知识、端正职业态度、规范职业行为。方法 选择2023年8—12月天津市第一中心医院急诊科护生30名为观察组,2022年8—12月天津市第一中心医院急诊科护生30名为对照组。对照组按教学大纲进行实习带教,观察组实施培训者培训(train-the-trainer,TTT)模式进行职业防护知信行教育,调查培训者TTT模式培训前后的理论考核和培训能力自评及护生培训前后的理论成绩考核;调查2组护生实习前后职业防护认知情况,自我防护知识、态度、行为情况以及实习期间生物性皮肤黏膜污染职业暴露的情况。结果 实施TTT模式前培训者理论考核成绩低于培训后[(85.96±6.29)分vs.(96.78±5.33)分],差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);培训前培训者培训能力8个条目自评得分均低于培训后,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);培训者在实施TTT模式培训后总体能力评估高于培训前[(4.32±0.32)分vs.(3.17±0.43)分],差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。而2组护生在实习开始前职业防护理论考核成绩差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),实习后对照组理论考核成绩低于观察组[(73.10±5.24)分vs.(89.95±6.37)分],差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);2组护生在实习开始前职业防护认知、自我防护知识、态度、行为调查差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),而实习后职业防护认知各项调查以及自我防护知识、态度、行为调查,观察组各项均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);发生生物性皮肤黏膜污染职业暴露阳性者,观察组低于对照组[6(20.00%)vs. 19(63.33%)],差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),并且2组职业暴露阳性者进行生物性皮肤黏膜污染职业暴露问卷调查,观察组的5个条目得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 实施TTT模式能够提高护生职业防护的认知,使护生掌握职业防护的知识、端正职业态度、规范职业行为。

美国高校信息素养教育TTT教学模式研究

采用文献调研法和内容分析法展开网络调查,结合网络调查结果,对美国信息素养教育TTT教学模式的研究和实践进行分析。重点关注信息素养教育中美国各方对实施TTT模式的态度、基本要素及效果等。从教学管理部门、高校图书馆、专业教师3个层面对我国高校在信息素养教育中实施TTT教学模式提出相应的建议。

38MnVTi非调质钢的TTT曲线的测定与分析

研究了38MnVTi非调质钢在等温冷却过程中的奥氏体转变产物及转变量与时间的关系。通过Gleeble-1 500D热模拟试验机获得不同等温温度的膨胀曲线。采用膨胀法,通过Gleeble-1 500D热模拟试验机获得不同等温温度的膨胀曲线,再计算和运用Origin软件拟合得到38MnVTi非调质钢的等温转变曲线(TTT曲线)。结果表明:38MnVTi非调质钢渗碳体的析出温度为750℃、铁素体析出温度为840℃、马氏体析出温度为360℃以及马氏体转变终止温度为212℃。在540、510、480、430℃等温冷却条件下贝氏体的最大转变量分别为16.9%、26.8%、38.5%、55.3%。

基于WGAN-GP和Mean Teacher的WiFi使能跨域人体行为识别

人体行为识别(Human Activity Recognition,HAR)是当前众多研究工作的基石,对于推动人机交互和智能数字化转型具有巨大潜力。由于目标域样本较难采集,现有方法在跨域识别方面表现不佳。为解决这一问题,提出一种新的WiFi使能跨域HAR方法,从WiFi信号中获取信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)并转化为图像,在基于Wasserstein距离和梯度的生成对抗网络(Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty,WGAN-GP)中引入双判别器,通过与源域样本和单目标域样本特征联合对抗,生成同时带有双域特征的虚拟样本。该方法还结合基于Mean Teacher的半监督学习设计识别分类(Recognition and Classification,RC)模块,通过对有标记样本与无标记样本分别构造损失函数,进行整体一致性损失的评估,实现对目标域样本的识别。实验结果证明了所提方法能够在减轻目标域样本采集压力的同时,实现较高的检测精度,在手势与动作的数据集上测试准确率分别达到92.71%和86.65%。

国产T800级航空预浸料固化动力学研究及TTT图绘制

成型工艺的确定是复合材料制件批量化生产的先决条件,材料与工艺是否适配将直接影响复材制件的外观(如表面胶瘤、贫胶等)、外形(如轮廓度、变形等)、孔隙率等,而预浸料的固化动力学研究及TTT图是复合材料预成型、固化成型工艺制订与优化的重要研究方法与参考依据。以国产T800级航空预浸料为主要研究对象,通过差示扫描量热法建立混合固化动力学模型,拟合结果与实验结果相符,拟合系数达0.99;以流变测试结果构建化学流变方程与凝胶方程,结合动力学模型计算该预浸料的平均凝胶固化度为0.375;基于玻璃化温度(Tg)与固化度测试结果形成Di Benedetto拟合方程,结合动力学方程、凝胶方程、流变方程结果,绘制了预浸料的TTT图,并以实际固化工艺过程温度监测结果验证此动力学方程与TTT图的有效性。

基于Mean Teacher-BA模型的钢材表面缺陷半监督检测方法

钢材表面缺陷是影响钢材质量的因素之一。现有的缺陷检测方法难以在提供少量标注样本的前提下实现钢材缺陷的准确检测。针对这一问题,提出了一种改进的缺陷半监督检测方法Mean Teacher-BA。首先,提出了一种双级注意力机制(bi-level attention module,BAM),以增加模型对复杂缺陷的关注和检测能力;其次,对主干网络Resnet50提取的特征图像应用BAM模块,进一步提升对缺陷图像的特征提取能力;最后,提出了一种全局自适应损失策略,以改善在训练期间生成的伪标注质量。实验结果表明,Mean Teacher-BA在5%、10%、20%、100%的标注比例条件下比原模型Mean Teacher分别提升了1.0%、1.2%、1.5%和0.9%,相比较于其他全监督和半监督网络性能更好,更适合于工业生产的部署应用。

Systematizing Teacher Development:A Review of Foreign Language Teacher Learning

Foreign language teaching practice is developing rapidly,but research on foreign language teacher learning is currently relatively fragmented and unstructured.The book Foreign Language Teacher Learning,written by Professor Kang Yan from Capital Normal University,published in September 2022,makes a systematic introduction to foreign language teacher learning,which to some extent makes up for this shortcoming.Her book presents the lineage of foreign language teacher learning research at home and abroad,analyzes both theoretical and practical aspects,reviews the cuttingedge research results,and foresees the future development trend,painting a complete research picture for researchers in the field of foreign language teaching and teacher education as well as front-line teachers interested in foreign language teacher learning.This is an important inspiration for conducting foreign language teacher learning research in the future.And this paper makes a review of the book from aspects such as its content,major characteristics,contributions and limitations.

NY9200GA树脂体系的固化反应动力学和TTT图研究

采用动态DSC法,研究了NY9200GA树脂的固化反应动力学。根据kissinger方程和Crane方程,拟合得到环氧树脂的固化动力学参数,建立了该树脂的唯象模型。以NY9200GA树脂175℃恒温不同时间后的DSC测试结果,根据DiBenedetto方程,建立了NY9200GA树脂的玻璃化转变温度与固化度之间的函数关系。采用凝胶盘法获得NY9200GA树脂在不同温度下的凝胶时间,建立了凝胶时间和凝胶温度之间的函数关系,得到了树脂的时间-温度-转变(TTT)图。

Development and validation of a novel questionnaire regarding vision screening among preschool teachers in Malaysia

AIM:To develop and evaluate the validity and reliability of a knowledge,attitude,and practice questionnaire related to vision screening(KAP-VST)among preschool teachers in Malaysia.METHODS:The questionnaire was developed through a literature review and discussions with experts.Content and face validation were conducted by a panel of experts(n=10)and preschool teachers(n=10),respectively.A pilot study was conducted for construct validation(n=161)and test-retest reliability(n=60)of the newly developed questionnaire.RESULTS:Based on the content and face validation,71 items were generated,and 68 items were selected after exploratory factor analysis.The content validity index for items(I-CVI)score ranged from 0.8-1.0,and the content validity index for scale(S-CVI)/Ave was 0.99.Internal consistency was KR^(2)0=0.93 for knowledge,Cronbach’s alpha=0.758 for attitude,and Cronbach’s alpha=0.856 for practice.CONCLUSION:The KAP-VST is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing knowledge,attitude,and practice in relation to vision screening among preschool teachers in Malaysia.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Public Secondary School Teachers in Parakou, Benin, in 2021

Introduction: Overweight and obesity represent a public health problem in Africa due to the epidemiological transition. The objectives of this work were to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and to identify associated factors among public secondary school teachers in Parakou, Benin in 2021. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. Teachers working in public secondary schools in Parakou during the 2020-2021 academic year, present at work and who gave their written informed consent, were included. A two-stage random sampling was carried out. Data were collected during an individual interview using a questionnaire followed by the measurement of anthropometric parameters and blood pressure. Overweight and obesity were defined by a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify associated factors. Results: A sample of 325 teachers, including 88.6% of men, was recruited with an average age of 36.2 ± 6.8 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 43.7% (95% CI [38.1%-44.8%]). It increased significantly with income (p Conclusion: The results show a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Actions are necessary to prevent overweight and obesity among secondary school teachers in Parakou, in Benin.

The Influence of Preschool Teachers’Social Skills on Job Burnout:A Moderated Mediation Model

Background:Teacher burnout is a serious issue in the field of education,particularly in early childhood education,where teachers face high levels of work stress and emotional labor,leading to emotional exhaustion and job burnout.However,past research has not sufficiently explored the mechanisms of social skills,empathy,and mindfulness in mitigating teacher burnout.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the relationship between preschool teachers’social skills,empathy,and mindfulness with job burnout,in order to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for reducing teacher burnout.Methods:This research utilized a convenience sampling approach to target preschool teachers for a questionnaire survey.A total of 1109 questionnaires were collected.To ensure the quality of the data,we excluded questionnaires that were not carefully filled out in terms of lie scale questions,those with abnormal demographic variables,and outliers identified based on response time.Ultimately,901 valid questionnaires were obtained,achieving a valid response rate of 81.2%.Participants’levels of social skills,empathy,mindfulness,and job burnout were assessed using the Social Skills Scale(SKS),Empathy Scale(Measure of Empathy,ME),Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS),and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey(MBI-ES),respectively.Data analysis was conducted using SPSS.Results:After controlling for gender,age,teaching experience,educational level,grade taught,and location of the kindergarten,the study found:(1)There is a negative correlation between preschool teachers’social skills and the level of job burnout(r=−0.238);(2)Empathy has a dual-track effect on job burnout,where cognitive empathy negatively affects job burnout(r=−0.245),while emotional empathy has a positive effect(r=0.045);(3)Cognitive empathy partially mediates the relationship between social skills and job burnout(β=−0.124);(4)Mindfulness significantly impacts social skills,cognitive empathy,and job burnout(r=0.278;r=0.286;r=−0.539),and plays a moderating role in the mediation model(β=0.003;β=−0.023).Conclusion:These findings provide theoretical support for the development of burnout prevention and intervention strategies targeted at preschool teachers.They also point out new directions for future research and potential intervention targets,suggesting that enhancing preschool teachers’social skills and cognitive empathy,as well as increasing their mindfulness level,can help them cope with work-related stress and emotional labor,thereby alleviating job burnout.

An attention-based teacher-student model for multivariate short-term landslide displacement prediction incorporating weather forecast data

Predicting the displacement of landslide is of utmost practical importance as the landslide can pose serious threats to both human life and property.However,traditional methods have the limitation of random selection in sliding window selection and seldom incorporate weather forecast data for displacement prediction,while a single structural model cannot handle input sequences of different lengths at the same time.In order to solve these limitations,in this study,a new approach is proposed that utilizes weather forecast data and incorporates the maximum information coefficient(MIC),long short-term memory network(LSTM),and attention mechanism to establish a teacher-student coupling model with parallel structure for short-term landslide displacement prediction.Through MIC,a suitable input sequence length is selected for the LSTM model.To investigate the influence of rainfall on landslides during different seasons,a parallel teacher-student coupling model is developed that is able to learn sequential information from various time series of different lengths.The teacher model learns sequence information from rainfall intensity time series while incorporating reliable short-term weather forecast data from platforms such as China Meteorological Administration(CMA)and Reliable Prognosis(https://rp5.ru)to improve the model’s expression capability,and the student model learns sequence information from other time series.An attention module is then designed to integrate different sequence information to derive a context vector,representing seasonal temporal attention mode.Finally,the predicted displacement is obtained through a linear layer.The proposed method demonstrates superior prediction accuracies,surpassing those of the support vector machine(SVM),LSTM,recurrent neural network(RNN),temporal convolutional network(TCN),and LSTM-Attention models.It achieves a mean absolute error(MAE)of 0.072 mm,root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.096 mm,and pearson correlation coefficients(PCCS)of 0.85.Additionally,it exhibits enhanced prediction stability and interpretability,rendering it an indispensable tool for landslide disaster prevention and mitigation.

LDAS&ET-AD:Learnable Distillation Attack Strategies and Evolvable Teachers Adversarial Distillation

Adversarial distillation(AD)has emerged as a potential solution to tackle the challenging optimization problem of loss with hard labels in adversarial training.However,fixed sample-agnostic and student-egocentric attack strategies are unsuitable for distillation.Additionally,the reliability of guidance from static teachers diminishes as target models become more robust.This paper proposes an AD method called Learnable Distillation Attack Strategies and Evolvable Teachers Adversarial Distillation(LDAS&ET-AD).Firstly,a learnable distillation attack strategies generating mechanism is developed to automatically generate sample-dependent attack strategies tailored for distillation.A strategy model is introduced to produce attack strategies that enable adversarial examples(AEs)to be created in areas where the target model significantly diverges from the teachers by competing with the target model in minimizing or maximizing the AD loss.Secondly,a teacher evolution strategy is introduced to enhance the reliability and effectiveness of knowledge in improving the generalization performance of the target model.By calculating the experimentally updated target model’s validation performance on both clean samples and AEs,the impact of distillation from each training sample and AE on the target model’s generalization and robustness abilities is assessed to serve as feedback to fine-tune standard and robust teachers accordingly.Experiments evaluate the performance of LDAS&ET-AD against different adversarial attacks on the CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a robust precision of 45.39%and 42.63%against AutoAttack(AA)on the CIFAR-10 dataset for ResNet-18 and MobileNet-V2,respectively,marking an improvement of 2.31%and 3.49%over the baseline method.In comparison to state-of-the-art adversarial defense techniques,our method surpasses Introspective Adversarial Distillation,the top-performing method in terms of robustness under AA attack for the CIFAR-10 dataset,with enhancements of 1.40%and 1.43%for ResNet-18 and MobileNet-V2,respectively.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method in enhancing the robustness of deep learning networks(DNNs)against prevalent adversarial attacks when compared to other competing methods.In conclusion,LDAS&ET-AD provides reliable and informative soft labels to one of the most promising defense methods,AT,alleviating the limitations of untrusted teachers and unsuitable AEs in existing AD techniques.We hope this paper promotes the development of DNNs in real-world trust-sensitive fields and helps ensure a more secure and dependable future for artificial intelligence systems.

A Lonely Journey:An Autoethnography of the Fifteen-Year Identity Construction of a Female ESP Teacher in China

This autoethnographic study explores from a sociocultural perspective the author’s identity construction journey as a female English-for-specific-purposes(ESP)teacher at a university in China for more than 15 years.It delves into the author’s evolving exercise between teacher agency and language policy within both institutional and national contexts.The author aims to voice for marginalized ESP teachers and create a space for them to better negotiate with English-for-general-purposes(EGP)colleagues,academic staff,and policy makers.This study highlights the significance of autoethnography in teacher identity research,particularly for niche ESP teachers who direct novel enterprises through bottom-up implementation.Furthermore,the author emphasizes humanism behind ESP instruction,which significantly expands the view that the ESP features instrumental value.She also advocates for comprehensive support to sustain ESP teaching innovation,ESP teachers’identity construction,and their professional development.These insights have implications for all accountable parties in the context of educational reform to enable constructive negotiation,for ESP teachers to develop their sense of empowerment,and for inclusive education to become more accessible.

The Emergence of Loving Pedagogy in the L2 Affective Domain:How Affective Pedagogy Accounts for Chinese EFL Teachers’Professional Success and Job Satisfaction?

The success of teachers in professional environments has a desirable influence on their mental condition.Simply said,teachers’professional success plays a crucial role in improving their mental health.Due to the invaluable role of professional success in teachers’mental health,personal and professional variables helping teachers succeed in their profession need to be uncovered.While the role of teachers’personal qualities has been well researched,the function of professional variables has remained unknown.To address the existing gap,the current investigation measured the role of two professional variables,namely job satisfaction and loving pedagogy,in Chinese EFL teachers’professional success.To do this,three validated scales were provided to 1591 Chinese EFL teachers.Participants’answers to the questionnaires were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test and structural equation modeling.The data analysis demonstrated a strong,positive link between the variables.Moreover,loving pedagogy was found to be the positive,strong predictor of Chinese EFL teachers’job satisfaction and professional success.The findings of the current inquiry may help educational administrators enhance their instructors’professional success,which in turn promotes their mental and psychological conditions at work.

Teachers’Perception for Evaluation of the Primary School Students With Final Grade

The most difficult and delicate part of the learning process is assessment.Assessment is difficult because during his/her accomplishment the teacher has to consider not only the acquisition of knowledge from students,but also the overall degree of development of their competencies.It is delicate,because through assessment we can influence the emotional side of students and their“willingness”to learn.Despite these facts,teachers need to evaluate students during the learning process.The purpose of the research is to find out what is the perception of teachers about the level of evaluation of students with final grade.The overall results showed that 89%of teachers agree,9%of them have a neutral attitude,and 2%do not agree that the evaluation of students with a final grade is done taking into account many aspects and using many methods,the overall average of the results,M=4.36.Based on the empirical results,it was found that teachers who have completed assessment training have a more positive approach to student assessment,as the average score is higher than teachers who have not completed assessment training.From the qualitative results it was understood that the Teachers did not encounter any difficulties during the assessment of the students.

Curriculum Development and Teachers for Cultivating OECD Student Agency in Japan:From an Examination of Educational Thought,Educational System,History,and Contemporary Science and Mathematics Education Practices

The purpose of this paper is to examine the development of a curriculum in Japan to foster the agency(OECD Student Agency)necessary for children living in the future,as outlined in the OECD Education2030 Project,and the role of teachers who implement this curriculum.Therefore,I aim to achieve this goal by taking an overview of educational thought,educational systems and history,and examining several initiatives in the OECD Project and the situation of a Japanese high school that practices science and mathematics education.As a result of analyzing previous research and the narratives obtained from interviews with Teacher A(pseudonym)of a certain F High School(pseudonym),it was found that school education should not simply teach subjects,but should aim to enable student to help student exercise agency in the future.It was suggested that it is not necessary to add content to the curriculum,but rather to prepare to provide students with competencies that will enable them to use the content in various contexts,situations,and circumstances,suggesting that in order to discover such important competencies,teachers and other related parties are required to implement curricula that allow students to slowly and carefully explore the competencies surrounding the content,and to conceive and build curricula that include both hidden and intended curriculum that allows student to reflect on the curriculum they have achieved.

Professional Development of Rural PE Teachers from the Perspective of PCK:A Case Study of Huaiji County

Based on the four dimensions of PCK,this paper investigates the professional development of rural PE teachers in Huaiji County by using the research methods of literature,questionnaire,interview and mathematical statistics.Based on PCK related theories,this paper analyzes the current situation of professional development of rural PE teachers in Huaiji County,explores the problems existing in the process of professional development,and provides an optimal path for the professional development of rural PE teachers,so as to improve the teaching ability and classroom quality of rural PE teachers,and promote the further development of rural PE education under the background of new curriculum reform.Through the research,it is found that the shortcomings of rural PE teachers are:lack of situational knowledge;lack of understanding of the course content;not flexible use of teaching representation;low ability to identify the differences of students learning styles;lack of understanding of social environment,etc.

A Study on the Cross-Cultural Adaptation of International Chinese Teachers at Confucius Institutes in South Korea

International Chinese teachers are one of the determinants of the quality development of Confucius Institutes,and their cross-cultural sociocultural adaption,psychological adaption,and job adaption are in need of in-depth investigation and research.Based on previous research,this paper analyzed the cross-cultural adaptation of international Chinese teachers at Confucius Institutes in South Korea during 2022-2023 through surveys and personal interviews.The study found that the teachers’adaptation was best in terms of work,followed by sociocultural adaptation,and weakest in terms of psychological adaptation.In terms of work adaptation,attention should be focused on adapting to teaching language and teaching methods.In terms of sociocultural adaptation,the focus should be on adapting to personal communication.In terms of psychological adaptation,attention should be paid to feelings of loneliness and anxiety.The study also focused on the internal and external factors influencing their cross-cultural adaptation,as well as the true inner feelings of international Chinese teachers.The study found that factors such as English proficiency,gender,education,professional background,and overseas experience had little impact on teachers’cross-cultural adaptation,while factors such as Korean proficiency,participation in cross-cultural training before going to South Korea,understanding of Korean culture before going to South Korea,and length of time spent in working in South Korea had a greater impact on the cross-cultural adaptation of the research subjects.This study provides reliable reference materials for international Chinese teachers going to South Korea to improve their cross-cultural adaptation abilities and promote the reform and innovation of international Chinese education.

Paths to Enhance Teacher Digital Literacy Under Educational Digital Transformation in China

In the context of the digital transformation of education in the new era,digital literacy for teachers is a new requirement for professional development.Teacher digital literacy encompasses four main aspects:attitudinal literacy,knowledge and skills literacy,instructional application literacy,and innovation and development literacy.Currently,there are several issues with teacher digital literacy,such as a lack of digital responsibility,insufficient digital knowledge and skills,weak digital application skills,and low digital innovation capability.Enhancing teachers’digital literacy is a complex and critical task.Based on the current state of teachers’digital literacy,this paper proposes the following approaches:(1)adherence to digital norms;(2)development of a robust training mechanism;(3)improvement of the evaluation system;(4)strengthening of digital innovation.