Exosome-transported IncRNA H19 regulates insulin-like growth factor-1 via the H19/let-7a/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor axis in ischemic stroke

LncRNA(long non-coding RNA) H19 is a transcript of the H19 gene that is expressed during embryogenesis.We previously discove red a role for circular lncRNA H19 in the onset and prognosis of cerebral ischemic stroke.In this study,we used serum from patients with ischemic stroke,and mouse and cell culture models to elucidate the roles of plasma and neuronal exosomes in the regulatory effect of lncRNA H19 on insulin-like growth factor-1 and its mechanism in ischemic stroke,using western blotting,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Plasma exosomal IncRNA H19 was negatively associated with blood levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 in samples from patients with cerebral ischemic stroke.In a mouse model,levels of exosomal IncRNA H19 were positively correlated with plasma and cerebral lncRNA H19.In a cell co-culture model,we confirmed that IncRNA H19 was transported from neuro ns to astrocytes by exosomes to induce downregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 through the H19/let-7 a/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor axis.This study provides the first evidence for the transpo rtation of IncRNA H19 by exosomes and the relationship between IncRNA H19 and insulinlike growth factor-1.

Correlation between expression of two transforming growth factor-beta 1 receptors and microvascular density in a rat model of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury

The effects of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） are currently controversial. Whether TGF-β1 promotes or inhibits revascularization under different conditions remains poorly understood. Based on previous studies, the current experiment established rat models of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury （IRI）, and demonstrated that pathological and functional damage was also increased after IRI. The most serious damage was observed at 3 days after reperfusion, at which time microvascular density fell to its lowest level. Soon afterwards, microvascular density increased, new collateral circulation was gradually established at 4 to 7 days after reperfusion, and pathological damage and neurological deficits were improved. TGF-β1, activin receptor-like kinase 5 （ALK5） mRNA and protein expression levels increased gradually over time. In contrast, ALK1 mRNA and protein expression decreased over the same period. A significant negative correlation was detected between microvascular density and expression of the ALK5 gene transcript. There was no correlation between microvascular density and ALK1 gene transcriptional expression following cerebral IRI in a rat model. These findings suggest that ALK5, rather than ALK1, is the critical receptor in the TGF-β1 signal pathways after cerebral IRI.

Expression of transforming growth factor-β_1 and its typeⅠ receptor in different phases of post-burn hypertrophic scars

Objective: To analyze and compare the expression pattern of the transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and its type I receptor (TGF-β RI ) in nounal human skin and various phases of post-burn hypertrophic scars (HTS). Method: The immunohistochemical ABC method was employed. Results: In nounal human skin, no evident immunoreactivity of TGF-β1 and TGF-β R I was observed. In activation phase of post-burn HTS, TGF-β R I and TGF-β1 were highly expressed in most dermal fibroblasts which seemed to be the same subset. However, in remission phase, no staining was seen in der mal fibroblasts. Conclusion: The formation of all may involve the increase of TGF-β responsiveness in fibroblasts The ac cumulation at the wound site and failure of apoptosis of over-resposive fibroblasts may contribute to the formation of HTS.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 mRNA isoforms and insulinlike growth factor-1 receptor mRNA expression in chronic hepatitis C

AIM: to evaluate the expression of different insulinlike growth factor(IGF)-1 mRNA isoforms and IGF-1 receptor(IGF-1R) mRNA in hepatitis C virus(HCV)-infected livers. METHODS: Thirty-four liver biopsy specimens from chronic hepatitis C(CH-C) patients were obtained before anti-viral therapy. Inflammatory activity(grading) and advancement of fibrosis(staging) were evaluated using a modified point scale of METAVIR. The samples were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR technique. From fragments of liver biopsies and control liver that were divided and ground in liquid nitrogen, RNA was isolated using RNeasy Fibrous Tissue Mini Kit according to the manufacturer's instruction. Expression levels of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms(IGF-1A, IGF-1B, IGF-1C, P1, and P2) and IGF-1R mRNA were determined through normalization of copy numbers in samples as related to reference genes: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and hydroxymethylbilane synthase. Results on liver expression of the IGF-1 mRNA isoforms and IGF-1R transcript were compared to histological alterations in liver biopsies and with selected clinical data in the patients. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica PL v. 9 software. RESULTS: The study showed differences in quantitative expression of IGF-1 mRNA variants in HCV-infected livers, as compared to the control. Higher relative expression of total IGF-1 mRNA and of IGF-1 mRNAs isoforms(P1, A, and C) in HCV-infected livers as compared to the control were detected. Within both groups, expression of the IGF-1A mRNA isoform significantly prevailed over expressions of B and C isoforms. Expression of P1 mRNA was higher than that of P2 only in CH-C. Very high positive correlations were detected between reciprocal expressions of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms P1 and P2(r = 0.876). Expression of P1 and P2 mRNA correlated with IGF-1A mRNA(r = 0.891; r = 0.821, respectively), with IGF-1B mRNA(r = 0.854; r = 0.813, respectively), and with IGF-1C mRNA(r = 0.839; r = 0.741, respectively). Expression of IGF-1A mRNA significantly correlated with isoform B and C mRNA(r = 0.956; r = 0.869, respectively), and B with C isoforms(r = 0.868)(P < 0.05 in all cases). Lower expression of IGF-1A and B transcripts was noted in the more advanced liver grading(G2) as compared to G1. Multiple negative correlations were detected between expression of various IGF-1 transcripts and clinical data(e.g., alpha fetoprotein, HCV RNA, steatosis, grading, and staging). Expression of IGF-1R mRNA manifested positive correlation with grading and HCV-RNA. CONCLUSION: Differences in quantitative expression of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms in HCV-infected livers, as compared to the control, suggest that HCV may induce alteration of IGF-1 splicing profile.

RNA interference affects tumorigenicity and expression of insulin-like growth factor-1,insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor,and basic fibroblast growth factor-2 in rat C6 glioma cells

BACKGROUND： Human gliomas are more likely to express basic fibroblast growth factor-2 （FGF-2） insulin-like growth factor-1（IGF-1）, and IGF-1 receptor （IGF-1R） than normal brain tissue. These factors activate signal transduction systems of Ras/MAPK and PI3K/Akl, which promote glioma growth. OBJECTIVE： To utilize RNA interference （RNAi） technique to down-regulate FGF-2, IGF-1, and IGF-1R gene expression, and to investigate the effects of these genes on rat C6 glioma cells, as well as the feasibility of RNAi for treating glioma. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This neurooncological, randomized, controlled, in vivo and in vitro experiment, which used RNAi methodology, was performed at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences between August 2005 and February 2008. MATERIALS： Rat C6 cell lines were purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cellular Biology Affiliated to Chinese Academy of Sciences. Small interfering RNA （siRNA） was synthesized by Shanghai GenePharma. Anti-IGF-1, anti-IGF-1R, anti-FGF-2, anti-mouse and anti-rabbit IgG G1-HRP antibodies were provided by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA. Four to six week-old BALB/c nude mice were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences. METHODS： C6 glioma cells were transfected with siRNA, which was chemically synthesized in vitro to correspond to endogenous FGF-2, IGF-1, and IGF-1R genes. The inhibition ratio of targeting mRNA expression was detected by semiquantitative RT-PCR, and protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis. C6 glioma cell proliferation was observed using a growth curve C6 glioma cell apoptosis rate and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. C6 glioma cell growth regression was observed by transwell migration assay. In addition, nude mouse subcutaneous tumor models were used in this study. For studying the anti-tumor effects of IGF-1 and IGF-1R siRNA, two blank control groups, with six mice each, were set up： A （2.5 μg siRNA was injected one week after C6 cells were inoculated, Le., when tumor volume reached 8 mm × 8 mm） and B （siRNA was injected at the same time with C6 cells were inoculated. To study the effects of FGF-2 siRNA, the groups consisted of a blank control group, negative control group, 2.6 μg siRNA group, 4 μg siRNA group, and 5.3 μg siRNA group, with six mice each. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： mRNA and protein inhibition ratio of FGF-2, IGF-1, and IGF-1 R; C6 glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cycle growth arrest; C6 glioma cell growth regression and subcutaneous tumorigenicity rates. RESULTS： All siRNA constructs proved to be effective. After 48 hours, transfection of 200 nmol/L siRNA resulted in a FGF-2 or IGF-1R gene inhibition ratio 〉 80% and an IGF-1 gene inhibition ratio of approximately 70%. Protein expression levels for FGF-2, IGF-1, and IGF-1R decreased in a dose-dependent manner following siRNA transfection, with an inhibition rate 〉 85%, 60%, and 50%, respectively. C6 glioma cell proliferation and apoptosis rates increased in proportion to siRNA. The apoptosis rate of C6 glioma cells induced by FGF-2, IGF-1, and IGF-1R siRNA was 39.96%, 15.07% and 22.47%, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. Transfection of 200 nmol/L IGF or IGF-1R siRNA for 48 hours suppressed C6 glioma cell migration. At 30 days after intratumoral injection of 2.6, 4, and 5.3 tJg FGF-2 siRNA, tumor growth regression rate of FGF-2 siRNA was 56%, 67%, and 86%, respectively. The tumor growth regression rate was 71.88% and 45.71%, respectively, when IGF-1 or IGF-1R siRNA was intratumorally injected 1 week after C6 glioma cell transplantation. When IGF-1 or IGF-1 R siRNA was intratumorally injected during C6 glioma cell transplantation, the tumor growth regression rate was 78.13% and 74.29%, respectively. CONCLUSION： siRNA transfection downregulated gene expression of FGF-2, IGF-1, and IGF-1R In addition, siRNA treatment markedly suppressed glioma cell proliferation, growth, and migration, and concomitantly reduced subcutaneous tumorigenicity.

Effects of targeted-edited oncogenic insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor with specific-sgRNA on biological behaviors of Hep G2 cells

BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the relationship between IGF-1R activation and HCC progression remains unidentified.AIM To investigate the effects of editing IGF-1R on the biological features of HCC cells.METHODS Immunohistochemistry analyzed the expressions of IGF-1R and P-glyco protein(P-gp)in HCC tissues and their distal non-cancerous tissues(non-Ca).IGF-1R was edited with Crispr/Cas9 system,screened specific sg RNAs,and then transfected into Hep G2 cells.CCK-8,scratch wound test detected cell proliferation,migration,invasion and transwell assays,respectively.Alterations of IGF-1R and P-gp were confirmed by Western blotting.Alterations of anti-cancer drug IC_(50)values were analyzed at the cell level.RESULTS The positive rates of IGF-1R(93.6%,χ~2=63.947)or P-gp(88.2%,χ~2=58.448)were significantly higher(P<0.001)in the HCC group than those(36.6%in IGF-1R or 26.9%in P-gp)in the non-Ca group.They were positively correlated between high IGF-1R and P-gp expression,and they were associated with hepatitis B virus infection and vascular invasion of HCC.Abnormal expressions of circulating IGF-1R and P-gp were confirmed and associated with HCC progression.Biological feature alterations of HCC cells transfected with specific sg RNA showed IGF-1R expression down-regulation,cell proliferation inhibition,cell invasion or migration potential decreasing,and enhancing susceptibility of Hep G2 cells to anti-cancer drugs.CONCLUSION Edited oncogenic IGF-1R was useful to inhibit biological behaviors of Hep G2 cells.

EMT、TGF-β_1、Ang Ⅱ与器官纤维化发生机制的研究进展

纤维化是大多数慢性炎症性疾病的病理转归,几乎能发生在身体的每个组织器官。纤维化以过多的细胞外基质沉积为特征,进一步发展可导致器官功能衰竭乃至死亡。关于器官纤维化的研究很多,但其确切机制目前尚不明确。近年来,上皮间质转化(EMT)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)在组织器官纤维化形成机制研究中备受关注。该文就EMT、TGF-β1、AngⅡ与各器官纤维化的相互关系及作用机制予以综述,以更全面地认识纤维化的发生机制。

TGF-β_1和TGF-β RⅡ在视网膜母细胞瘤的表达

目的 探讨视网膜母细胞瘤的TGF β1和TGF βRⅡ的表达及其与临床病程和预后的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学SP法检测TGF β1和TGF βRⅡ在 37例视网膜母细胞瘤瘤组织中的表达 ;用HPIAS 10 0 0彩色病理图像分析系统测量其平均积分吸光度值。结果 在 37例视网膜母细胞瘤组织切片中 ,均可见瘤细胞TGF β1表达强阳性 ,其表达水平明显高于正常视网膜 ,视神经浸润组的瘤组织中TGF β1的表达水平明显高于无视神经浸润组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,眼外期组TGF β1的表达水平明显高于眼内期组和青光眼期组。TGF βRⅡ在 37例瘤组织中均为阴性。 结论 TGF β1的表达水平增高与临床分期和视神经浸润有关 ;高表达TGF β1可能意味预后不良 ;对TGF

Reactivation of the insulin-like growth factor-Ⅱsignaling pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma

Constitutive activation of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-signaling axis is frequently observed in human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Especially the over- expression of the fetal growth factor IGF-Ⅱ,IGF-Ⅰ receptor(IGF-IR),and cytoplasmic downstream effectors such as insulin-receptor substrates(IRS)contribute to proliferation,anti-apoptosis,and invasive behavior. This review focuses on the relevant alterations in this signaling pathway and independent in vivo models that support the central role IGF-Ⅱsignaling during HCC development and progression.Since this pathway has become the center of interest as a target for potential anti-cancer therapy in many types of malignancies,various experimental strategies have been developed,including neutralizing antibodies and selective receptor kinase inhibitors,with respect to the specific and efficient reduction of oncogenic IGF-Ⅱ/IGF-IR-signaling.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces lymphangiogenesis and facilitates lymphatic metastasis in colorectal cancer

AIM:To investigate the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)in colorectal cancer(CRC)tissues and to analyze their correlation with lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis.METHODS:Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression and lymphatic vessel density(LVD)in 40 CRC specimens.The correlation between IGF-1/IGF-1R and LVD was investigated.Effects of IGF-1 on migration and invasion of CRC cells were examined using transwell chamber assays.A LoVo cell xenograft model was established to further detect the role of IGF-1 in CRC lymphangiogenesis in vivo. RESULTS:Elevated IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression in CRC tissues was correlated with lymph node metastasis(r=0.715 and 0.569,respectively,P<0.05)and tumor TNM stage(r=0.731 and 0.609,P<0.05).A higher LVD was also found in CRC tissues and was correlated with lymphatic metastasis(r=0.405,P<0.05).A positive correlation was found between LVD and IGF-1R expression(r=0.437,P<0.05).Transwell assays revealed that IGF-1 increased the migration and invasion of CRC cells.In vivo mouse studies showed that IGF-1 also increased LVD in LoVo cell xenografts.CONCLUSION:IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling induces tumorassociated lymphangiogenesis and contributes to lymphatic metastasis of CRC.

Insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 overexpression is associated with poor response of rectal cancers to radiotherapy

AIM: To explore the potential correlation between insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) expression and rectal cancer radiosensitivity.

Effects of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor and Its Inhibitor AG1024 on the Progress of Lung Cancer

Summary： The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor （IGF-1R） and its downstream signaling com- ponents have been increasingly recognized to drive the development of malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. This study aimed to investigate the effects of IGF-1R and its in- hibitor, AG1024, on the progression of lung cancer. Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expressions of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in NSCLC tissues （n=198）. Western blotting was used to determine the expressions oflGF-1 and phosphorylated IGF-1R （p-IGF-1R） in A549 human lung carcinoma cells, and MTT assay to measure cell proliferation. Additionally, the expressions of IGF-1, p-IGF-1R and IGF-1R in a mouse model of lung cancer were detected by Western blotting and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （FQ-PCR）, respectively. The results showed that IGF-1 and IGF-1R were overexpressed in NSCLC tissues. The expression levels of IGF-1 and p-IGF-1R were significantly increased in A549 cells treated with IGF-1 as compared to those treated with IGF-1 ＋AG 1024 or untreated cells. In the presence of IGF-1, the proliferation of A549 cells was significantly increased. The progression of lung cancer in mice treated with IGF-1 was significantly increased as compared to the group treated with IGF-l＋AG1024 or the control group, with the same trend mirrored in IGF-1/p-IGF-1R/IGF-1R at the protein and/or mRNA levels. It was concluded that IGF- 1 and IGF inhibitor AG 1024 promotes lung cancer progression.

Expression of c-erbB-2 oncogene protein, epidermal growth factor receptor, and TGF-β1 in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Objective: To detect the relations of c-erbB-2 onco-gene protein, epidermal growth factor receptor (EG-FR) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)to the progression or metastasis of pancreatic carci-noma.Methods: Using streptavidinbiotin complex (SABC)method, c-erbB-2 oncongene protein, we examinedimmunohistochemically EGFR and TGF-β1 expres-sions in wax-tissue sections from 10 individuals withnormal pancreas (NP), 13 patients with chronic pan-creatitis (CP) and 36 patients with pancreatic ductaladenocarcinoma (PC).Results: The positive expression rates of c-cerbB-2oncogene protein, EGFR and TGF-β1 in the NP, CPand PC groups were 0, 0, 10%; 7.7%, 7.7%,7.7%; and 41.7%, 50.0%, 44.4%, respectively.The positive expression rates of the three specific pro-teins increased more significantly in the PC groupthan in the NP and CP groups (P【0.05). The indi-vidual expression of c-erbB-2, EGFR and TGF-β1was not related to the age and sex of the patients aswell as the site, size and histopathological grade oftumors (P】0.05), but to the clinical stage of tumors(P【0.01). The coexpression rate of the three pro-teins was 27.8 % (10/36). This coexpression in thePC group was correlated with the histopathologicalgrades and clinical stages of tumors (P【0.01).Conclusion: Detection of c-erbB-2 oncogene protein,EGFR, and TGF-β1 expressions in pancreatic tissueis helpful to judge the malignancy, progression, andmetastasis of PC.

Detection of Frameshift Mutations of the Transforming Growth Factor p ReceptorⅡin Gastric Cancers with Microsatellite Instability

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship among microsatellite instability （MSI）, frameshift mutations （FM） of the transforming growth factor β receptor Ⅱ （TGF β R Ⅱ）, methylation state of the hMLH1 promoter and hMLH1 protein expression level in gastric cancers, and to explore their relationship to gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS DNA was isolated from 101 gastric specimens and 5 microsatellite loci were detected. PCR, electrophoresis on denatured polyacrylamide gels and silver staining were performed to detect the MSI. The FMs of TGFβR Ⅱ were also screened with the same method. HMLH1 methylation was analyzed by methylation specific PCR （MSP） and sequencing. HMLH1 protein expression was detected using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The incidence of MSIs was 53.7% and 0% in the cancers and normal tissues, respectively, with the frequency of MSIs being significantly higher in the gastric cancers compared to the normal gastric tissues （P〈0.05）. The frequency of hMLH1 methylation was 41.5%（17/41） in the gastric cancers and 0%（0/60） in the normal group. Decreased hMLH1 expression was observed in 94.1%（16/17） of cases exhibiting methylation. FMs of TGFβR Ⅱ were identified in 5 （62.5%） of the 8 samples with MSIH. In contrast, FMs were not found in MSI-L or microsatellite stable （MSS） cases. CONCLUSION MSIs and FMs of TGFβR Ⅱ may play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. HMLH1 methylation is an important modification of the DNA which results in inactivation of hMLH1 and mismatch repair defects which lead to MSls and FMs of TGFβR Ⅱ.

血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体和血管紧张素转化酶在子宫内膜癌中的表达及相关性

目的检测血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(angiotensinⅡtype 1 receptor,AT1R)和血管紧张素转化酶(angiotensin converting en-zym e,ACE)在子宫内膜癌中的表达情况,探讨AT1R和ACE在子宫内膜癌患者预后判断和临床治疗等方面的价值。方法采用免疫组化EnV ision法染色,观察AT1R、ACE、血管内皮生长因子(vascu lar endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和微血管密度(m i-crovessel density,MVD)在18例正常子宫内膜、37例子宫内膜不典型增生和89例子宫内膜癌组织中的表达情况,分析AT1R和ACE与子宫内膜癌临床病理特征的关系,研究AT1R与VEGF和MVD的相关性。结果从正常子宫内膜上皮到子宫内膜不典型增生再到子宫内膜癌,AT1R的表达逐步上调,ACE的表达逐步下调,差异均有显著性。子宫内膜癌中AT1R的表达与患者年龄、临床分期、子宫肌壁浸润深度和淋巴结转移状况等有关,且AT1R的表达与VEGF的表达和MVD计数正相关,而ACE的表达仅与淋巴结转移状况有关。结论 AT1R可能参与子宫内膜癌的发生、发展,AT1R表达上调可促进癌细胞生长和新生血管形成,与子宫内膜癌的预后有关,AT1R可能成为治疗子宫内膜癌的新靶点。ACE在子宫内膜癌中的表达低于正常内膜组织,其具体机制有待于进一步研究。

结肠癌细胞对吉非替尼的敏感性与MET和IGFR-1β及其配体IGF-Ⅱ的关系

目的探讨胰岛素样生长因子1型受体β(IGFR-1β)及其配体IGF-Ⅱ和肝细胞生长因子受体(MET)的表达及活性与人结肠癌细胞对吉非替尼敏感性的关系。方法取6种人结肠癌细胞株(Lovo、HCT116、HT29、LS174T、SW480、SW620),采用Westernblotting法检测与表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)相关的酪氨酸激酶受体(IGFR-1β和MET)的基础及磷酸化蛋白表达水平,以及在吉非替尼和(或)EGF作用下各种蛋白的表达情况。采用RT-PCR检测IGF-ⅡmRNA的表达水平。结果MET在LS174T细胞中表达最低,在SW480细胞表达最高,Lovo细胞次之。磷酸化MET(p-MET)在Lovo细胞中表达较弱,与HCT116细胞中的表达比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。IGFR-1β在6种细胞中均有表达,以SW480中表达最强(P<0.05),而HCT116和LS174T中较弱(P<0.05)。p-IG-FR-1β在Lovo、HT29和SW480中表达较弱(P<0.05),在HCT116、LS174T和SW620中细胞表达较强(P<0.05)。在吉非替尼作用下,Lovo和HCT116细胞中IGFR-1β和p-IGFR-1β的表达无明显变化(P>0.05);HT29细胞中IGFR-1β表达无明显改变,但p-IGFR-1β明显升高(P<0.05);HCT116细胞中IGFR-1β的表达较Lovo和HT29细胞更高(P<0.05)。在吉非替尼作用下,HT29细胞中IGF-ⅡmRNA的表达水平明显增加(P<0.05)。结论MET的表达及活化状态与结肠癌细胞对吉非替尼的敏感性无关,而IGFR-1β的活性及其配体IGF-Ⅱ的自分泌增加与细胞对吉非替尼的耐受相关。

血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体和血小板源性生长因子在原发性肝细胞癌中的表达和意义

目的:探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1)和血小板源性生长因子(PDGF)在原发性肝细胞癌的表达及与临床特征之间的关系。方法:免疫组化法检测36例原发性肝细胞癌组织中AT1和PDGF表达,并以17例正常肝组织为对照。结果:肝癌组织中AT1和PDGF阳性率分别为88.9%和80.5%;2者在低分化组表达强度均高于高分化组(P<0.001);有转移者表达强度([8.17±0.75)和(6.67±0.82)]高于无转移者([4.23±2.23)和(3.80±2.44);]术前化疗组([6.86±1.35)和(6.57±0.98)]高于未化疗组([4.41±2.51)和(3.72±2.43);]AT1和PDGF二者呈正相关关系(r=0.883,P<0.001)。结论:AT1和PDGF在原发性肝细胞癌中高表达,可能在肝细胞癌的增殖、转化和转移过程中起重要作用。

血管紧张素Ⅱ及其受体1在食管鳞癌血管生成中的作用

目的探讨血管紧张素(AngⅡ)及其受体1(AT1R)在食管鳞癌组织中的表达及其在血管生成中的作用。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测30例食管鳞癌患者癌组织及其食管断端正常鳞状上皮中Ang、AT1R和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白的表达。结果Ang、AT1R和VEGF蛋白表达主要定位于鳞癌细胞;AngⅡ、AT1R在鳞癌组织中的表达均显著高于正常鳞状上皮(P均<0.01);癌组织中Ang的表达程度与VEGF的表达程度呈正相关(rs′=0.4249,P<0.05),AT1R的表达程度与VEGF无相关性(rs′=0.1298,P>0.05)。结论食管鳞癌癌组织中高水平表达AngⅡ及AT1R,二者可能通过诱导VEGF的产生促进肿瘤新生血管的形成。

Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 alpha in Lung Cancer: a Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha（HIF-1α） plays a vital role in the initiation, evaluation and prognosis in lung cancer. The prognostic value of HIF-1α reported in diverse study remains disputable. Accordingly, a meta-analysis was implemented to further understand the prognostic role of HIF-1α in lung cancer. The relationship between HIF-1α and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of lung cancer were investigated by a meta-analysis. Pub Med and Embase were searched from their inception to January 2015 for observational studies. Fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of different comparisons. A total of 20 studies met the criteria. The results showed that HIF-1α expression in lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues. Expression of HIF-1α in patients with squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of patients with adenocarcinomas. Similarly, non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC） patients had higher HIF-1α expression than small cell lung cancer（SCLC） patients. Moreover, lymph node metastasized tissues had higher HIF-1α expression than non-lymph node metastasized tissues. A high level HIF-1α expression was well correlated with the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in the NSCLC. Notably, NSCLC or SCLC patients with positive HIF-1α expression in tumor tissues had lower overall survival rate than patients with negative HIF-1α expression. It was suggested that HIF-1α expression may be a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.

宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中血管紧张素Ⅱ及其受体1和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的表达

目的:探讨宫颈癌组织中血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)及其受体1(AT1R)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bF-GF)的表达及意义。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测35例宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中AngⅡ、AT1R和bFGF的表达情况。选择30例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)、20例正常宫颈组织作对照。结果:正常宫颈组织中AngⅡ、AT1R和bFGF阳性表达率分别为0%、0%、5%,CIN组织中分别为40.0%、36.7%、23.3%,宫颈癌组织中分别为71.4%、77.1%、65.7%。从正常宫颈到CIN再到宫颈癌,AngⅡ、AT1R和bFGF阳性表达率依次升高(P<0.05)。AngⅡ、AT1R和bFGF与宫颈癌的临床分期、组织学分级、有无淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),与宫颈癌患者的年龄无关(P>0.05)。癌组织中AngⅡ、AT1R和bFGF的表达成正相关(rs分别为0.947,0.860,P<0.05);AngⅡ及AT1R的表达也呈正相关(rs=0.827,P<0.05)。结论:3种蛋白在人宫颈鳞状细胞癌的发生发展中起着重要作用。