BACKGROUND: Pulmonary complications after orthoto- pic liver transplantation (OLT) include high morbidity and mortality. Experimental data have suggested hepatic ische- mia and reperfusion are induced by pro-inflammat...BACKGROUND: Pulmonary complications after orthoto- pic liver transplantation (OLT) include high morbidity and mortality. Experimental data have suggested hepatic ische- mia and reperfusion are induced by pro-inflammatory cyto- kines. The high level of inflammatory cytokines might ad- ditionally influence pulmonary cappillary fluid filtration. The objectives of this study were to measure the concentra- tions of tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin- 6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) during OLT and to in- vestigate the relationship between these cytokines and post- operative pulmonary complications. METHODS: Twenty-two patients undergoing OLT were divided into two groups according to whether they had postoperative pulmonary complications: group A consis- ting of 8 patients with postoperative pulmonary complica- tions , and group B consisting of 14 patients without post- operative pulmonary complications. Enzyme-linked im- munoassay (ELISA) was used to determine serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8. Blood samples were taken at the beginning of operation (T0 ), clamping and cross-clamping of the in- ferior cava and portal vein (T1, T2 ), 90 minutes and 3 hours after reperfusion (T3 , T4 ) and 24 hours after opera- tion (T5). RESULTS: The level of PaO2/FiO2 in group A was lower than that in group B ( P <0. 05 ). The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in the two groups increased rapidly at T2 , peaked at T3 , decreased rapidly after T3 until 24 hours after operation. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in group A were higher than those in group B at T2, T3, and T4(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: After un-clamping of the inferior cava and portal vein, the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 increased may be related to pulmonary injury after he- patic ischemic reperfusion.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONDendritic cells (DCs) play a key regulatory role inantitumor immunity,especially in its immuneaccessory role via MHC-Ⅰ molecules.We haverecently reported that DCs were able to enhance thekilling activity ...INTRODUCTIONDendritic cells (DCs) play a key regulatory role inantitumor immunity,especially in its immuneaccessory role via MHC-Ⅰ molecules.We haverecently reported that DCs were able to enhance thekilling activity of Lymphokine and PHA activatedkiller (LPAK) cells in vitro.In the presentstudy,we evaluated the effects of GM-CSF andTNF upon antitumor activities of freshly展开更多
As an aquatic fish,the spotted halibut Verasper variegatus is highly susceptible to bacterial and virus infections.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)as a cytokine could control the inflammatory responses.The function...As an aquatic fish,the spotted halibut Verasper variegatus is highly susceptible to bacterial and virus infections.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)as a cytokine could control the inflammatory responses.The functions of TNF-αin many species have been widely studied,particularly in mammals.However,little is known about the TNF-αfunctions in V.variegatus.We first cloned and sequenced the TNF-αgene in V.variegatus(VvTNF-α).The two conserved cysteine residues,transmembrane sequence,Thr-Leu motif,and TNF family signature,as well as the TA-rich motifs of its proteins related to inflammatory responses had high similarity to those of the other teleost and mammalian TNF-α.The phylogenetic analysis showed that VvTNF-αwas consistent with TNF-αgenes of other vertebrates.The VvTNF-αtranscripts were extensively distributed in the peripheral blood leukocytes(PBLs),spleen,and gill,indicating that the VvTNF-αhad a role in immune function.Furthermore,treatment with pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)could induce a rapid and significant increase of VvTNF-αin the PBLs,which reveals that VvTNF-αdoes participate in the host immune responses against bacterial and viral pathogens.We found that VvTNF-αhad an interesting expression pattern during metamorphosis,showing that the flatfish TNF-αmay have some novel functions during specific developmental stages.In addition,the 3 D structure prediction of VvTNF-αprovided an indication of how it is likely to interact with other proteins.Therefore,VvTNF-αhas multiple functions,and provides valuable information to explore novel functions of TNF-α.展开更多
Due to the aging of the population and despite the enormous scientific effort,Alzheimer's disease remains one of the biggest medical and pharmaceutical challenges in current medicine.Novel insights highlight the i...Due to the aging of the population and despite the enormous scientific effort,Alzheimer's disease remains one of the biggest medical and pharmaceutical challenges in current medicine.Novel insights highlight the importance of neuroinflammation as an undeniable player in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease.Tumor necrosis factor is a master inflammatory cytokine that signals via tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2,but that also regulates several brain functions in health and disease.However,clinical trials investigating drugs that interfere with the tumor necrosis factor pathway in Alzheimer's disease led to inconclusive results,partially because not only the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1,but also the beneficial tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 signaling was antagonized in these trials.We recently found that tumor necrosis factor is the main upregulated cytokine in the choroid plexus of Alzheimer's disease patients,signaling via tumor necrosis factor receptor 1.In agreement with this,choroidal tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling was also upregulated in different Alzheimer's disease mouse models.Interestingly,both genetic and nanobody-based pharmacological blockage of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling was accompanied by favorable effects on Alzheimer's disease-associated inflammation,choroidal morphology and cognitive functioning.Here,we briefly summarize the detrimental effects that can be mediated by tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling in(early) Alzheimer's disease,and the consequences this might have on the disease progression.As the main hypothesis in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials is still based on the amyloid beta-cascade,the importance of Alzheimer's disease-associated neuroinflammation urge the development of novel therapeutic strategies that might be effective in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease and prevent the irreversible neurodegeneration and resulting memory decline.展开更多
The pathogenesis of malignant tumors is the deficiency of vital Qi and the excess of pathogenic Qi.Its basic treating principle is to strengthen vital Qi to eliminate pathogenic factor.The paper is to summarize the cl...The pathogenesis of malignant tumors is the deficiency of vital Qi and the excess of pathogenic Qi.Its basic treating principle is to strengthen vital Qi to eliminate pathogenic factor.The paper is to summarize the clinical experiences in tumor treatment of Dr.Chen Shizhou,a well-known traditional Chinese medicine expert in Weifang City,Shandong Province.He put forward the treatment method of"replenishing Qi and nourishing blood,detoxicating and resolving masses",paying attention to protecting stomach qi and advocating survival with tumor,with remarkable clinical effects.展开更多
目的探讨改良俯卧位通气对清醒病毒性肺炎患者呼吸循环、康复指标、并发症的影响。方法选取2021年8月—2023年6年就诊的134例病毒性肺炎,按照随机数字表法分为研究组、对照组,各67例,对照组采用常规俯卧位通气,研究组采用改良俯卧位通...目的探讨改良俯卧位通气对清醒病毒性肺炎患者呼吸循环、康复指标、并发症的影响。方法选取2021年8月—2023年6年就诊的134例病毒性肺炎,按照随机数字表法分为研究组、对照组,各67例,对照组采用常规俯卧位通气,研究组采用改良俯卧位通气。比较2组康复指标、血气指标[氧合指数(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))]、血流动力学指标[心率(HR)、中心静脉压(CVP)、平均动脉压(MAP)]、呼吸功能指标[平台压(Pplat)、气道峰压(Ppeak)、平均气道压(Pmean)]、炎症指标[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]、并发症及压力性损伤发生率。结果研究组住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05);2组俯卧2、4、8、12、16 h PaCO_(2)、PaO_(2)、PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)、SpO_(2),以及俯卧24、36 h时Ppeak、Pmean、Pplat、GM-CSF、IL-6、TNF-α均较俯卧前得以明显改善(P<0.05),但2组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组组间、组内不同时间点CVP、MAP、HR比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组并发症总发生率2.99%(2/67)低于对照组11.94%(8/67),压力性损伤发生率2.99%(2/67)低于对照组13.43%(9/67)(P<0.05)。结论在清醒病毒性肺炎患者中,改良俯卧位通气可达到与常规俯卧位通气相近的辅助治疗效果,能改善机体氧合功能、呼吸循环功能,降低并发症及压力性损伤发生风险,加速病情康复。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND: Pulmonary complications after orthoto- pic liver transplantation (OLT) include high morbidity and mortality. Experimental data have suggested hepatic ische- mia and reperfusion are induced by pro-inflammatory cyto- kines. The high level of inflammatory cytokines might ad- ditionally influence pulmonary cappillary fluid filtration. The objectives of this study were to measure the concentra- tions of tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin- 6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) during OLT and to in- vestigate the relationship between these cytokines and post- operative pulmonary complications. METHODS: Twenty-two patients undergoing OLT were divided into two groups according to whether they had postoperative pulmonary complications: group A consis- ting of 8 patients with postoperative pulmonary complica- tions , and group B consisting of 14 patients without post- operative pulmonary complications. Enzyme-linked im- munoassay (ELISA) was used to determine serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8. Blood samples were taken at the beginning of operation (T0 ), clamping and cross-clamping of the in- ferior cava and portal vein (T1, T2 ), 90 minutes and 3 hours after reperfusion (T3 , T4 ) and 24 hours after opera- tion (T5). RESULTS: The level of PaO2/FiO2 in group A was lower than that in group B ( P <0. 05 ). The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in the two groups increased rapidly at T2 , peaked at T3 , decreased rapidly after T3 until 24 hours after operation. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in group A were higher than those in group B at T2, T3, and T4(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: After un-clamping of the inferior cava and portal vein, the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 increased may be related to pulmonary injury after he- patic ischemic reperfusion.
基金Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Office of Guangdong Province,No.19952901
文摘INTRODUCTIONDendritic cells (DCs) play a key regulatory role inantitumor immunity,especially in its immuneaccessory role via MHC-Ⅰ molecules.We haverecently reported that DCs were able to enhance thekilling activity of Lymphokine and PHA activatedkiller (LPAK) cells in vitro.In the presentstudy,we evaluated the effects of GM-CSF andTNF upon antitumor activities of freshly
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.31101891)the Hitech Research and Development Program of China(No.2012AA10A408)
文摘As an aquatic fish,the spotted halibut Verasper variegatus is highly susceptible to bacterial and virus infections.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)as a cytokine could control the inflammatory responses.The functions of TNF-αin many species have been widely studied,particularly in mammals.However,little is known about the TNF-αfunctions in V.variegatus.We first cloned and sequenced the TNF-αgene in V.variegatus(VvTNF-α).The two conserved cysteine residues,transmembrane sequence,Thr-Leu motif,and TNF family signature,as well as the TA-rich motifs of its proteins related to inflammatory responses had high similarity to those of the other teleost and mammalian TNF-α.The phylogenetic analysis showed that VvTNF-αwas consistent with TNF-αgenes of other vertebrates.The VvTNF-αtranscripts were extensively distributed in the peripheral blood leukocytes(PBLs),spleen,and gill,indicating that the VvTNF-αhad a role in immune function.Furthermore,treatment with pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)could induce a rapid and significant increase of VvTNF-αin the PBLs,which reveals that VvTNF-αdoes participate in the host immune responses against bacterial and viral pathogens.We found that VvTNF-αhad an interesting expression pattern during metamorphosis,showing that the flatfish TNF-αmay have some novel functions during specific developmental stages.In addition,the 3 D structure prediction of VvTNF-αprovided an indication of how it is likely to interact with other proteins.Therefore,VvTNF-αhas multiple functions,and provides valuable information to explore novel functions of TNF-α.
基金supported by the Research Foundation Flanders(FWO)The Foundation for Alzheimer’s Research Belgium(SAO-FRA)+1 种基金European Union Cost action MouseAge(BM1402)the Baillet Latour Fund(all to SS and REV)
文摘Due to the aging of the population and despite the enormous scientific effort,Alzheimer's disease remains one of the biggest medical and pharmaceutical challenges in current medicine.Novel insights highlight the importance of neuroinflammation as an undeniable player in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease.Tumor necrosis factor is a master inflammatory cytokine that signals via tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 2,but that also regulates several brain functions in health and disease.However,clinical trials investigating drugs that interfere with the tumor necrosis factor pathway in Alzheimer's disease led to inconclusive results,partially because not only the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1,but also the beneficial tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 signaling was antagonized in these trials.We recently found that tumor necrosis factor is the main upregulated cytokine in the choroid plexus of Alzheimer's disease patients,signaling via tumor necrosis factor receptor 1.In agreement with this,choroidal tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling was also upregulated in different Alzheimer's disease mouse models.Interestingly,both genetic and nanobody-based pharmacological blockage of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling was accompanied by favorable effects on Alzheimer's disease-associated inflammation,choroidal morphology and cognitive functioning.Here,we briefly summarize the detrimental effects that can be mediated by tumor necrosis factor/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling in(early) Alzheimer's disease,and the consequences this might have on the disease progression.As the main hypothesis in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials is still based on the amyloid beta-cascade,the importance of Alzheimer's disease-associated neuroinflammation urge the development of novel therapeutic strategies that might be effective in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease and prevent the irreversible neurodegeneration and resulting memory decline.
文摘The pathogenesis of malignant tumors is the deficiency of vital Qi and the excess of pathogenic Qi.Its basic treating principle is to strengthen vital Qi to eliminate pathogenic factor.The paper is to summarize the clinical experiences in tumor treatment of Dr.Chen Shizhou,a well-known traditional Chinese medicine expert in Weifang City,Shandong Province.He put forward the treatment method of"replenishing Qi and nourishing blood,detoxicating and resolving masses",paying attention to protecting stomach qi and advocating survival with tumor,with remarkable clinical effects.
文摘目的探讨改良俯卧位通气对清醒病毒性肺炎患者呼吸循环、康复指标、并发症的影响。方法选取2021年8月—2023年6年就诊的134例病毒性肺炎,按照随机数字表法分为研究组、对照组,各67例,对照组采用常规俯卧位通气,研究组采用改良俯卧位通气。比较2组康复指标、血气指标[氧合指数(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))]、血流动力学指标[心率(HR)、中心静脉压(CVP)、平均动脉压(MAP)]、呼吸功能指标[平台压(Pplat)、气道峰压(Ppeak)、平均气道压(Pmean)]、炎症指标[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]、并发症及压力性损伤发生率。结果研究组住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05);2组俯卧2、4、8、12、16 h PaCO_(2)、PaO_(2)、PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)、SpO_(2),以及俯卧24、36 h时Ppeak、Pmean、Pplat、GM-CSF、IL-6、TNF-α均较俯卧前得以明显改善(P<0.05),但2组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组组间、组内不同时间点CVP、MAP、HR比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组并发症总发生率2.99%(2/67)低于对照组11.94%(8/67),压力性损伤发生率2.99%(2/67)低于对照组13.43%(9/67)(P<0.05)。结论在清醒病毒性肺炎患者中,改良俯卧位通气可达到与常规俯卧位通气相近的辅助治疗效果,能改善机体氧合功能、呼吸循环功能,降低并发症及压力性损伤发生风险,加速病情康复。
