Calculation of landslide occurrence probability in Taiwan region under different ground motion conditions

In this study,Bayesian probability method and machine learning model are used to study the real occurrence probability of earthquake-induced landslide risk in Taiwan region.The analyses were based on the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake,the largest earthquake in the history in this Region in a hundred years,thus can provide better control on the prediction accuracy of the model.This seismic event has detailed and complete seismic landslide inventories identified by polygons,including 9272 seismic landslide records.Taking into account the real earthquake landslide occurrence area,the difference in landslide area and the non-sliding/sliding sample ratios and other factors,a total of 13,656,000 model training samples were selected.We also considered other seismic landslide influencing factors,including elevation,slope,aspect,topographic wetness index,lithology,distance to fault,peak ground acceleration and rainfall.Bayesian probability method and machine learning model were combined to establish the multi-factor influence of earthquake landslide occurrence model.The model is then applied to the whole Taiwan region using different ground motion peak accelerations(from 0.1 g to 1.0 g with 0.1 g intervals)as a triggering factor to complete the real probability of earthquake landslide map in Taiwan under different peak ground accelerations,and the functional relationship between different Peak Ground Acceleration and their predicted area is obtained.

Improved stress release model: Application to the study of earthquake prediction in Taiwan Region

Stress release model used to be applied to seismicity study of large historical earthquakes in a space of large scale. In this paper, we improve the stress release model, and discuss whether the stress release model is still applicable or not in the case of smaller spatio-temporal scale and weaker earthquakes. As an example of testing the model, we have analyzed the M greater than or equal 6 earthquakes in recent about 100 years. The result shows that the stress release model is still applicable. The earthquake conditional probability intensity in Taiwan Region is calculated with the improved stress release model. We see that accuracy of earthquake occurrence time predicted by the improved stress release model is higher than that by Poisson model in the test of retrospect earthquake prediction.

Correlation Fractal and Multifractal Characteristics of Seismic Activity in the Taiwan Region, China

Based on the analysis of newly collected data of plate tectonics, distribution of active faults and crustal deformation, the Taiwan Region is divided into two seismic regions and six seismic belts. Then, correlation fractal dimensions of all the regions and belts are calculated, and the fractal characteristics of hypocenteral distribution can be quantitatively analyzed. Finally, multifractal dimensions D q and f(α) are calculated by using the earthquake catalog of the past 11 years in the Taiwan Region. This study indicates that (1) there exists a favorable corresponding relationship between spatial images of seismic activity described with correlation fractal dimension analysis and tectonic settings; (2) the temporal structure of earthquakes is not single but multifractal fractal, and the pattern of D q variation with time is a good indicator for predicting strong earthquake events.

The New Detection and the Basic Characteristics of the Structural System of Taiwan Region of China—Using the Earth Satellite's Remote-sensing Images to Explain the Structural System of Taiwan Region of China

This text uses the regional geological investigation data and the remote sensing image data of earth-satellite remote sensing to synthetically analyze the structural system of Taiwan region of China. Authors detection-marked and assurance-marked and divided 5 kinds of structural system of the Taiwan region: (1) the wreath-shaped structural system, (2) the N-N-E oriented structural system, (3) the S-N oriented structural system, (4) the N-E oriented structural system, (5) the arc-shaped structural system. Combination of the texture faces and associated method were adopted to recover and reconstruct the structural evolution sequences and the formation periods. In this paper, problems such as the development process in geology etc. are also discussed, contributing new information to research the structural field of the East Asia and its tectonic plate movements and structural actions inside the land plate .

Taiwan region students in Malaysia and Intercultu-rality:When National Identities Take Primacy over Individualities

Using a liquid approach,the authors analyze the intercultural discourse of Taiwan region students who had taken part in a short term exchange program with a Malaysian university.The four participants were graduating in Mandarin Chinese in their home institution and were following a Chinese program in multilingual Malaysia.Data were collected through focus groups held in Mandarin Chinese and focused on their experience in the host country.The authors analyze how participants talk about themselves,Malaysians,and their adaptation to the host country.The processes of essentialization and othering that occur and put in contrast the host and the home contexts are similar to those held in Asia-to-Europe mobility and very far from an“interculturality without culture”(Dervin,2010).If we focus on the construction of discourses,this Asia-to-Asia mobility forces us to relativize the opposition of cultures as an explanation for difficulties encountered by mobile students.

History,Reality,and Challenges:Bounded Dynamic Relations Between the Gulf Arab States and Taiwan Region

The relations between Taiwan region and the Gulf Arab States are twisting and subtle.The UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 in 1971 and the suspension of the official relation between Taiwan and Saudi Arabia in 1990 generally divided the relations into three general periods.Because of Taiwan’s sensitive role and the‘One China Policy,’the relationship has been constrained,especially after 1990.However,the relationship is still dynamic in the field of trade,civil exchanges,technology transfer,and industrial cooperation.Since the DPP came to power in Taiwan in 2016,the cross-strait relation has reached its lowest point since the Chen Shui-bian era,and the relationship between Taiwan and the Gulf Arab states has encountered new challenges given PRC has been pursuing this region as a strategic fulcrum.Meanwhile,the strategic contraction of the US in the Middle East will bring more uncertainty.

V_p and V_p/V_s structures in the crust and upper mantle of the Taiwan region, China

A tomographic study of the Vp and Vp/Vs structures in the crust and upper mantle beneath the Taiwan region of China is conducted by simultaneous inversion of P and S arrival times. Compared with the previous tomographic results, the spherical finite difference technique is suitable for the strong heterogeneous velocity structure, and may improve the accuracy in the travel time and three-dimensional ray tracing calculations. The Vp and Vp/Vs structures derived from joint inversion and the relocated earthquakes can provide better constraints for analyzing the lateral heterogeneity and deep tectonic characters in the crust and upper mantle. Our tomographic results reveal significant relations between the seismic wavespeed structure and the tectonic characters. In the shallow depth, sedimentary basins and orogen show distinct wavespeed anomalies, with low Vp, high Vp/Vs in basins and high Vp, low Vp/Vs in orogen. As the suture zone of Eurasian Plate and Philippine Sea Plate, Longitudinal Valley is characterized by a significant high Vp/Vs anomaly extending to the middle-lower crust and upper mantle, which reflects the impact of rock cracking, partial melting, and the presence of fluids. In the northeast Taiwan, the Vp, Vp/Vs anomalies and relocated earthquakes depict the subducting Philippine Sea Plate under the Eurasian Plate. The high Vp of oceanic plate and the low Vp, high Vp/Vs atop the subducted oceanic plate extend to 80 km depth. Along the east-west profiles, the thickness of crust reaches 60 km at the east of Central Range with eastward dipping trend, which reveals the eastward subduction of the thickened and deformed crust of the Eurasian continental plate.

Numerical simulation of characteristics of semidiurnal tidal waves in sea region around Taiwan

POM97, an oceanic model, has been used for the first time to the numerical study on the tidal waves of the as Regions around Taiwan. In this paper, we have got the result that the semidiurnal tidal waves of these area mainly are the co-operating tides which come from the south of 23'N of the western Pacific. Those semidiurnal tidal waves affecting the Taiwan Straits come respectively from the south and the north entrance of the channel, and the north tidal wave is stronger than the south one. The strongest tidal field is the area from the Meizhou Bay to the Xinhua Bay along the coast of Fujian Province, where the biggest amplitude of the M2 partial tide can reach 240 cm. The strongest tidal cur- rent fields lie in the Penghu watercourse, where the maximum velocity of the M2 partial tide can arrive at 196 m/s. In the horizontal structure of the tidal currets, we have found that there is a stream dot in the north of the channel, besides, there still exist four new ones. As for the vertical structure, it mainly is biassed to the right at the surface, and to the left near the bottom layer.

台湾地区2024年“二合一”选举结果及影响分析

台湾地区2024年“二合一”选举在中美战略博弈持续、两岸关系严峻复杂的形势下举行。各主要政党展开激烈竞逐,打破岛内传统政治生态格局。民进党赖清德以未过半的相对多数票当选,立法机构呈“三党不过半”新局,折射出加速分化的岛内民意以及多元竞合的政党政治新态势。未来4年,岛内政局将在民进党当局“三重少数”执政下以立法机构为重心展开角力,政局恐将动荡不安。两岸关系的对抗性和不确定性进一步上升,内地发展进步将持续增强对两岸关系的主导权和主动权,民进党继续执政无法改变两岸关系发展基本格局。

基于学生评教结果的台湾地区高校教师教学质量管理机制研究

以学生为教育评价主体对教师的教学过程进行评价,已是高校教育改革的重要环节。如何对待学生评价,尤其是差评,是校方要把握的重要内容。为此对台湾地区23所高校出台的教师教学评价实施与追踪辅导相关办法进行了文本分析。从分析结果来看,各校要求评教结果能充分反映出教师教学情况、顾及评教结果不佳教师的感受并且充分保护当事人的隐私,从多方面寻找教师评教结果的问题与解决途径,以及柔性的辅导与刚性的惩戒机制并行兼施。台湾地区高校的这些做法值得借鉴。

台湾地区“大法官释宪”对警察权转型的影响

从1990年至今,台湾地区“大法官释宪”制度在限制警察权和保障人权等方面发挥了重要作用。在人身自由等基本人权保障方面,“大法官”议决坚持法官保留、正当法律程序、法律明确性和比例原则,使威权时期极度扩张的警察权受到严格规范和制约,进而实现转型。近年来在警察执法的隐私权保护领域,“大法官释宪”也取得了一定成绩。台湾地区“大法官释宪”制度的升级,将继续影响台湾地区警政制度的发展与走向。

岛屿上的曲径通幽:现代主义建筑在台湾地区的进程

通过对现代主义运动起源与传播的分析,旨在揭示台湾地区一个世纪以来曲折的历史境遇如何影响其建筑发展进程。结合拉尔夫·林顿的文化传播三阶段理论,按照时间脉络厘清了台湾地区建筑发展与历史文化之间关系,提出台湾地区现代主义建筑发展的四个阶段:(1)日据时期“接触与显现”;(2)光复之后“选择与冲突”;(3)解严之后“融合与变异”;(4)社区崛起后的“地区性反思”。最终,通过对各个阶段历史因素与建筑发展之间关系的剖析,展现台湾地区建筑作为重要现代主义支流具身面貌的历史由来,以期为中国现代主义建筑发展研究提供补充。

档案文献所呈现的清前期在台湾地区设立土司之议

康熙二十二年(1683年)至乾隆九年(1744年),清朝统一台湾地区后的六十余年间,闽台官员先后五次提出仿照施行于西南民族地区的土司制度,在台湾地区“番族社会”设立土司,其中康熙朝两次,雍正朝两次,乾隆朝一次。前三次均为“私议”,第四次为南澳镇总兵许良彬的奏请,虽直达“天听”,但均未纳入清政府决策程序加以讨论。乾隆九年,福建布政使高山奏请在台湾地区“熟番”中设立土司,则经过户部议准、乾隆帝允行,再到闽浙总督马尔泰等提出反对并获乾隆帝支持的反复,前后历时近一年,最终被否决,相关讨论由此画上句号,此后再无人提及在台设立土司之事。本文拟通过档案文献厘清这一历史过程,并从雍正朝西南边疆实施大规模改土归流后土司制度的发展变化,结合同时期川西北“番族社会”设立“流职土司”情形,审视高山奏议所具有的积极意义和特殊历史价值。

接收台湾地区过程中美国军人艾文思侵占黄金案钩沉

抗战胜利后,协助接收台湾地区的美军联络组中校艾文思以职务之便侵占了属于中国的黄金。中方发现后提出引渡艾文思来华受审,为美方所拒绝。中方研判在当时的法律框架下由美方审理更为有利,同意移交美国审理此案。在美国法庭审理过程中,中方积极协助担任公诉人的检察官提供证据,但艾文思巧妙利用美国的陪审制度漏洞而逃脱惩罚。在国民党政权即将崩溃的背景之下,中方通过外交渠道重启审判的努力也无疾而终。本文运用档案资料揭示美国军人侵占中国黄金案件的经过、在美国法庭审理进程及结局,钩沉此一历史事件的真相。

台湾地区技职本科教育的政策演进、发展特征和借鉴启示

技职教育在我国台湾地区经济社会发展中发挥着重要作用,提供强有力的人力资源支撑,其中本科层次占据主体。20世纪90年代中期以来,技职本科教育经历了快速扩张、稳步发展和优化调整三个重要阶段。相关部门推动系列重要政策和组织实施相应计划,既促进改革发展也努力纠正偏误。中国内地正处于建设完善现代职业教育体系和大力发展职教本科的关键期,可借鉴台湾地区技职本科发展经验,同时深刻分析其教训并做好风险防范。以经济社会需求为导向,合理规划职业本科教育发展路径和规模;坚定职业教育类型,强化职业本科教育内涵发展的政策供给;完善质量保障体系,以督导评估护航职业本科教育健康发展。

中华民族意涵下两岸融合发展的实践源流与逻辑进路

在两岸关系面临严峻挑战的形势下,从中华民族意涵出发理解和深化两岸融合发展更加彰显时代意义和战略意义。中华民族的概念谱系充分体现了国家统一和民族团结的历史意蕴和时代价值。两岸自古血脉相连,台湾地区至今仍保留中华民族的语言和文化。台湾地区同胞是中华民族的重要组成部分。民族团结、国家认同和国家复兴的理念已深植于中国人民的精神内核。自1979年内地首先推动开启两岸交流以来,两岸在经济、社会、文化等多个领域实现交流发展,为推进祖国和平统一奠定了基础。新时代应从铸牢中华民族共同体意识、壮大中华民族经济、维护中华民族整体利益和厚植中华民族伟大复兴的社会土壤等方面,完整理解两岸融合发展的逻辑进路。

台湾地区居民法律地位:三重面向、内容构造与优化路径

台湾地区居民法律地位问题,是防范与遏制“台独”分裂活动、推动两岸融合发展、推进国家完全统一进程中必须面对的重大现实问题。在法律实践中,台湾地区居民地位具有“待解放的中国人民”“特殊的中国公民”“同等待遇的中国居民”三重面向。相关立法坚持目标和问题导向,逐渐趋向具体化、同等化和常态化。当前,台湾地区居民法律地位的主要问题是如何推动落实同等待遇,这在一定程度上影响了其内容构造。其中,“居住地”标准是优化落实台湾地区居民法律地位的基础,权利义务是其规范内核,政策则对法律规定起着引领、实施和补充的重要作用。为切实提升台湾地区居民国家认同,建议接续推进身份管理模块化、推动同等待遇实质化、逐步实现权利义务体系化,形成优化台湾居民法律地位的系统方案。

赖和文学实践与日据时期台湾地区士人精神的嬗变

赖和既是台湾地区新文学形式的重要创建者,同时又终生不离传统汉诗创作。异族殖民统治与世界民族自决思潮,激发出赖和强烈的民族意识与社会责任感。他既借鉴传统士人的出处进退方式以安顿身心,也以天下情怀投入台湾地区社会运动,推动台湾地区社会文化秩序重建。其新文学实践以断裂方式继承中国士人精神传统,既透露出日据时期台湾地区知识分子精神世界的递嬉流变,同时也反映这种变化与中国士人传统有深刻的联系。日据时期,赖和虽以台湾地区为其文学实践的主要场域,但其文学实践的主体精神不能简单地归结为“台湾意识”,而是融合了遗民气节、现代启蒙思想与抵抗殖民意识的新型士人精神。

统一后台湾地区国际参与制度安排:基本原则与路向依循——关于“一国两制”台湾方案之探讨

台湾地区国际参与问题是涉及中国主权、安全的敏感政治议题,是台湾地区在一个中国框架内的政治定位在国际社会的延伸。从有利于台湾地区的发展与治理及回应岛内民众高度期待的角度考虑,探索统一后中国台湾地区国际参与制度安排至关重要。中国台湾地区国际参与制度安排必须确保统一后中国的主权与安全、保障中国台湾地区的繁荣稳定,同时依循“一国一府”、地方性政权、中国单一制国家结构形式、体现中国台湾地区特殊性等原则。未来,建议在对外缔约、参与国际组织及其活动、与其他国家或地区互设代表机构、出入境管理及护照与其他旅游证件签发等方面探讨中国台湾地区国际参与制度安排,并注意授权方式的运用、反干涉及分离主义等因素对国际参与制度安排的影响。

基于新区域主义理论的粤台旅游协同发展探析

【目的/意义】在全球化进程加速的时代背景下,区域间经济互动的深化使得区域协同发展逐渐成为推动经济增长的关键驱动力之一。在瞬息万变的国际政治经济环境中,粤台两地在旅游领域的协同发展不仅具有显著的经济效益,更是增进彼此文化和情感纽带的战略举措。【方法/过程】依据新区域主义的核心理念,梳理粤台两地旅游协同发展的历史脉络与现有格局,剖析存在的困境,探寻在新区域主义框架内推进双方旅游协同发展的具体策略。【结果/结论】研究表明,粤台两地旅游产品存在着较强的差异互补关系,两地间交通便捷,两地文化交流紧密,经济合作根基深厚,旅游政策环境也在波动中逐渐恢复正常。但粤台旅游协同发展依然面临着政治因素和两岸关系的复杂性、舆论影响和民众间不信任感加深、规章和监管的差异、旅游市场重叠等挑战和障碍。为进一步推动粤台旅游协同发展,需积极探索政策引导与机制创新,完善资源整合与产品创新,重视市场开拓与品牌营销,加强基础设施与新技术应用。