Pufferfish is prone to deterioration due to abundant nutrients and high moisture content.Drying technology can extend the shelf life and enhance the flavor quality of aquatic products.The study investigated the effect...Pufferfish is prone to deterioration due to abundant nutrients and high moisture content.Drying technology can extend the shelf life and enhance the flavor quality of aquatic products.The study investigated the effect of hot air drying(HAD),microwave vacuum drying(MVD)and hot air assisted radio frequency drying(HARFD)on the taste and volatile profiles of Takifugu obscurus.Different drying methods had significant influence on the color,rehydration,5’-nucleotides,free amino acids and volatile components(P<0.05).The results showed that HAD and HARFD could promote the flavor of T.obscurus by producing higher equivalent umami concentration(EUC)values,which were about two times of MVD group,and more pronounced pleasant odor according to sensory analysis.HAD is more appropriate for industrial application than HARFD and MVD considering the economic benefits.This study could provide a reference for the industrial application of drying T.obscurus.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of Takifugu obscurus and provide the scientific basis for artificially feed research.[Method] The nutrient components and nutritive qualities in th...[Objective] The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of Takifugu obscurus and provide the scientific basis for artificially feed research.[Method] The nutrient components and nutritive qualities in the muscle of wild and artificially reared Takifugu obscurus were comparatively analyzed.[Result] The contents of crude protein,crude fat,crude ash,total amino acids,essential amino acids and half essential amino acid in the muscle of wild Takifugu obscurus were all higher than those of the artificially reared.The content of four delicious amino acids in the muscle of wild and artificially reared Takifugu obscurus was 17.59% and 14.44%(percentage of dry weight),respectively.The essential amino acid index(EAAI)was 52 and 40 separately,and the constitutional rate of the essential amino acids met the FAO/WHO standard.Valine was the first limiting amino acid of Takifugu obscurus.[Conclusion] The muscle of wild and artificially reared Takifugu obscurus were all high quality food full of animal protein,while the protein nutritive value of wild Takifugu obscurus was higher than that of the artificially reared.展开更多
Objective:To assess the toxicity of the pufferfish Takifugu oblongus,from Chennai coast,Tamil Nadu,India and to detect the presence of Tetrodotoxin(TTX).Methods:The toxicity was evaluated by mouse bioassay using Swiss...Objective:To assess the toxicity of the pufferfish Takifugu oblongus,from Chennai coast,Tamil Nadu,India and to detect the presence of Tetrodotoxin(TTX).Methods:The toxicity was evaluated by mouse bioassay using Swiss Albino mice which were expressed in mouse units(MU).Gross anatomical features were observed which is followed by histopathology of the dead mice tissues to establish the toxicity.Instrumental analysis for the presence of tetrodotoxin was also performed through GC-MS and HPLC.Results:The toxicity of ovary was the maximum with 163 MU/g and lowest toxicity was observed in skin with 75.88 MU/g.Histopathological analyses of the dead mice showed various cellular degenerations and inflammations.The amount of Tetrodotoxin detected through GC-MS and HPLC was more reliable and sensitive than the customary mouse bioassay as instrumental analyses were able to detect even nanograms of the toxin.Conclusions:The present study evidently proved that Takifugu oblongus is highly toxic and consumption of the same can pose serious threat for health and possible lethality to humans.展开更多
Tiger puffer(Takifugu rubripes) is a promising species for aquaculture production because of its high value and limited supply. However, in the north of China, using sea cages to culture this species in winter is hamp...Tiger puffer(Takifugu rubripes) is a promising species for aquaculture production because of its high value and limited supply. However, in the north of China, using sea cages to culture this species in winter is hampered by the fact that the seawater temperature is extremely low. Here, a large scale commercial production of tiger puffer has been successfully realized using a recirculating aquaculture system(RAS) from 3 October 2012 to 31 May 2013. The RAS was comprised of nine culture tanks(total water volume 200 m3) and stocked with approximately a total of 14400 fish(initial mean weight 160 g). The tiger puffer was hand-fed at a rate of 0.7% of total body weight per day, and the feed conversion rate was(1.21 ± 0.3) kg kg-1. The recycle water in RAS was treated by a sieve bend screen, a foam fractionator, a submerged biofilter, an UV sterilizer and a submersible aerator. During the whole culture period, an excellent water quality control was achieved in RAS. At the end of this experiment, the survival rate of tiger puffer was more than 98%. The final tank densities averaged 31.2 kg m-3, and the final individual mean weight was 440 g.展开更多
The digestive tract of Takifugu rubripes during early life stages was studied with light microscopy. At the beginning of hatching, the digestive tract is represented by a simple and undifferentiated straight tube and ...The digestive tract of Takifugu rubripes during early life stages was studied with light microscopy. At the beginning of hatching, the digestive tract is represented by a simple and undifferentiated straight tube and does not communicate with the exterior, as the mouth and anus are not open yet. At 2 d after hatching, a constriction between intestine and rectum that will become the intestino-rectal valve is visible. During the endogenous feeding phase, the yolk sac is resorbed and the digestive tract becomes functional and differentiated. The liver and pancreas also become apparent at this time. At onset of exogenous feeding （3 d after hatching）, yolk sac resesves are not completely depleted, suggesting a period of mixed nutrition. The digestive tract differentiates fully into b.uccopharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine and rectum. At 9 d after hatching, the yolk sac reserves are completely depleted. The most noticeable events occurring from 5 to 17 d after hatching are the transformation of the epithelia type, the differentiation of the pneumatic sac, the epithelial cell, gut convolution, mucosal fold increase, and the growth of liver and pancreas. From 18 to 27 d after hatching, the numbers of intestine folds and mucus cells increase progressively. From then on, morphological changes of digestive features are almost completed. At 27 d after hatching, the morphology and function of digestive system are similar to that of the adult.展开更多
Amplifications with 300 10 base primers under predetermined optimal reaction yielded 2762 reproducible amplified fragments ranging from 200 to 3000 bp. Genetic distances among five species of Takifugu and Lagocephalus...Amplifications with 300 10 base primers under predetermined optimal reaction yielded 2762 reproducible amplified fragments ranging from 200 to 3000 bp. Genetic distances among five species of Takifugu and Lagocephalus spadiceus as outgroup were calculated based on the presence/absence of the amplified fragments. Topological phylogenic trees of the 5 species of Takifugu and the outgroup were generated by Parsimony and Neighbor Joining analysis based on RAPD data set. The genetic distance between T. rubripes and T. pseudommus was almost the same as that between individuals within each species, but was much smaller than that among T. rubripes , T. pseudommus and the other species. The molecular data from RAPD analysis convincingly showed that T. rubripes and T. pseudommus should be the same species.展开更多
The activities of some digestive enzymes are studied for Takifugu rubripes larvae and juvenile from the first feeding to 27 d after hatching at selected stages of development. The homogenate of whole larvae body is us...The activities of some digestive enzymes are studied for Takifugu rubripes larvae and juvenile from the first feeding to 27 d after hatching at selected stages of development. The homogenate of whole larvae body is used for enzymatic determination. Activity of acid protease decreases notably during the beginning days after the commencement of completely exogenous feeding and the days before the beginning of the juvenile stage. Alkaline protease specific activity also decreases at metamorphosis. The activities are associated with the morphology of the developing digestive tract. Amylase activity increases before the first feeding, followed by a decreasing and then a rather constant level. Lipase activity remains low during the larvae and juvenile periods. Alkaline phosphatase activity increases gradually. This reflects the development of brush border membranes of enterocytes.展开更多
Estradiol treatment during early life stages of tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes induces feminization in genetic males.However,the ovaries in genetic males may revert to testes once estradiol treatment is halted.Therefo...Estradiol treatment during early life stages of tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes induces feminization in genetic males.However,the ovaries in genetic males may revert to testes once estradiol treatment is halted.Therefore studies should investigate molecular mechanisms underlying ovary-to-testis recovery in genetic males after treatment.In the present study,tiger puffer were exposed to 10,and 100μg/L 17β-estradiol(E 2)from 15 to 100 days post-hatching(dph),then gonad phenotypes and expression profi les of six sex-related genes(cyp19a,foxl2,dmrt1,amh,sox9a,and sox9b)were characterized after the exposure.Results showed that both 10 and 100μg/L E2 induced ovarian development in genetic males at 100 dph.However,all ovaries induced by 10μg/L E2 first developed into intersexual gonads and subsequently reverted to testes after the exposure.As for treatment of 100μg/L E2,while the rest of the ovaries maintained morphological stability,percentages of intersexual gonads reached 38%-57%,and none were reverted to testes.Increased mRNA levels of cyp19a,foxl2 and sox9b and decreased mRNA levels of dmrt1,amh,and sox9a were observed during the ovarian development in genetic males.While contrary gene expression profiles were detected during ovary-to-testis transformation.The mRNA levels of all the six genes were increased during the development of intersexual gonads.These results indicated that up-regulation of dmrt1,amh and sox9a is associated with initial ovary-to-intersexual transformation,and suppression of foxl2,cyp19a and sox9b is essential for complete ovary-to-testis recovery in genetic males.This research will help to trace the molecular processes underlying gonadal transformation in teleosts.展开更多
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China (32001824, 31972198, 31901813, 31901816, 32001827)Startup Fund for Youngman Research at SJTU (SFYR at SJTU)
文摘Pufferfish is prone to deterioration due to abundant nutrients and high moisture content.Drying technology can extend the shelf life and enhance the flavor quality of aquatic products.The study investigated the effect of hot air drying(HAD),microwave vacuum drying(MVD)and hot air assisted radio frequency drying(HARFD)on the taste and volatile profiles of Takifugu obscurus.Different drying methods had significant influence on the color,rehydration,5’-nucleotides,free amino acids and volatile components(P<0.05).The results showed that HAD and HARFD could promote the flavor of T.obscurus by producing higher equivalent umami concentration(EUC)values,which were about two times of MVD group,and more pronounced pleasant odor according to sensory analysis.HAD is more appropriate for industrial application than HARFD and MVD considering the economic benefits.This study could provide a reference for the industrial application of drying T.obscurus.
基金Supported by the Innovation Practice Project of Nanjing Normal University(2413)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of Takifugu obscurus and provide the scientific basis for artificially feed research.[Method] The nutrient components and nutritive qualities in the muscle of wild and artificially reared Takifugu obscurus were comparatively analyzed.[Result] The contents of crude protein,crude fat,crude ash,total amino acids,essential amino acids and half essential amino acid in the muscle of wild Takifugu obscurus were all higher than those of the artificially reared.The content of four delicious amino acids in the muscle of wild and artificially reared Takifugu obscurus was 17.59% and 14.44%(percentage of dry weight),respectively.The essential amino acid index(EAAI)was 52 and 40 separately,and the constitutional rate of the essential amino acids met the FAO/WHO standard.Valine was the first limiting amino acid of Takifugu obscurus.[Conclusion] The muscle of wild and artificially reared Takifugu obscurus were all high quality food full of animal protein,while the protein nutritive value of wild Takifugu obscurus was higher than that of the artificially reared.
文摘Objective:To assess the toxicity of the pufferfish Takifugu oblongus,from Chennai coast,Tamil Nadu,India and to detect the presence of Tetrodotoxin(TTX).Methods:The toxicity was evaluated by mouse bioassay using Swiss Albino mice which were expressed in mouse units(MU).Gross anatomical features were observed which is followed by histopathology of the dead mice tissues to establish the toxicity.Instrumental analysis for the presence of tetrodotoxin was also performed through GC-MS and HPLC.Results:The toxicity of ovary was the maximum with 163 MU/g and lowest toxicity was observed in skin with 75.88 MU/g.Histopathological analyses of the dead mice showed various cellular degenerations and inflammations.The amount of Tetrodotoxin detected through GC-MS and HPLC was more reliable and sensitive than the customary mouse bioassay as instrumental analyses were able to detect even nanograms of the toxin.Conclusions:The present study evidently proved that Takifugu oblongus is highly toxic and consumption of the same can pose serious threat for health and possible lethality to humans.
基金the support of the Major Subject of the Committee of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province of China(2011203005)the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean(2012418025)+4 种基金the Public Subject of the Committee of Science and Technology of Liaoning Province of China(2012005001)the Science and Technology Foundation of Education Department of Liaoning Province of China(L2011117)the Scientific Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(L201603)the Open Foundation of Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects&Control for Emerging Contaminants(PY16005)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(2014020149)
文摘Tiger puffer(Takifugu rubripes) is a promising species for aquaculture production because of its high value and limited supply. However, in the north of China, using sea cages to culture this species in winter is hampered by the fact that the seawater temperature is extremely low. Here, a large scale commercial production of tiger puffer has been successfully realized using a recirculating aquaculture system(RAS) from 3 October 2012 to 31 May 2013. The RAS was comprised of nine culture tanks(total water volume 200 m3) and stocked with approximately a total of 14400 fish(initial mean weight 160 g). The tiger puffer was hand-fed at a rate of 0.7% of total body weight per day, and the feed conversion rate was(1.21 ± 0.3) kg kg-1. The recycle water in RAS was treated by a sieve bend screen, a foam fractionator, a submerged biofilter, an UV sterilizer and a submersible aerator. During the whole culture period, an excellent water quality control was achieved in RAS. At the end of this experiment, the survival rate of tiger puffer was more than 98%. The final tank densities averaged 31.2 kg m-3, and the final individual mean weight was 440 g.
文摘The digestive tract of Takifugu rubripes during early life stages was studied with light microscopy. At the beginning of hatching, the digestive tract is represented by a simple and undifferentiated straight tube and does not communicate with the exterior, as the mouth and anus are not open yet. At 2 d after hatching, a constriction between intestine and rectum that will become the intestino-rectal valve is visible. During the endogenous feeding phase, the yolk sac is resorbed and the digestive tract becomes functional and differentiated. The liver and pancreas also become apparent at this time. At onset of exogenous feeding （3 d after hatching）, yolk sac resesves are not completely depleted, suggesting a period of mixed nutrition. The digestive tract differentiates fully into b.uccopharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine and rectum. At 9 d after hatching, the yolk sac reserves are completely depleted. The most noticeable events occurring from 5 to 17 d after hatching are the transformation of the epithelia type, the differentiation of the pneumatic sac, the epithelial cell, gut convolution, mucosal fold increase, and the growth of liver and pancreas. From 18 to 27 d after hatching, the numbers of intestine folds and mucus cells increase progressively. From then on, morphological changes of digestive features are almost completed. At 27 d after hatching, the morphology and function of digestive system are similar to that of the adult.
文摘Amplifications with 300 10 base primers under predetermined optimal reaction yielded 2762 reproducible amplified fragments ranging from 200 to 3000 bp. Genetic distances among five species of Takifugu and Lagocephalus spadiceus as outgroup were calculated based on the presence/absence of the amplified fragments. Topological phylogenic trees of the 5 species of Takifugu and the outgroup were generated by Parsimony and Neighbor Joining analysis based on RAPD data set. The genetic distance between T. rubripes and T. pseudommus was almost the same as that between individuals within each species, but was much smaller than that among T. rubripes , T. pseudommus and the other species. The molecular data from RAPD analysis convincingly showed that T. rubripes and T. pseudommus should be the same species.
基金The present research is supported by the‘948’Of-fice Project of Ministry of Agriculture(963087)
文摘The activities of some digestive enzymes are studied for Takifugu rubripes larvae and juvenile from the first feeding to 27 d after hatching at selected stages of development. The homogenate of whole larvae body is used for enzymatic determination. Activity of acid protease decreases notably during the beginning days after the commencement of completely exogenous feeding and the days before the beginning of the juvenile stage. Alkaline protease specific activity also decreases at metamorphosis. The activities are associated with the morphology of the developing digestive tract. Amylase activity increases before the first feeding, followed by a decreasing and then a rather constant level. Lipase activity remains low during the larvae and juvenile periods. Alkaline phosphatase activity increases gradually. This reflects the development of brush border membranes of enterocytes.
基金Supported by the Innovation ofAgricultural Organization and Development of lndustry Amalgamation Project(No.125162002000160001)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Project(No.ZHHSZ201819039)the Shandong Province Post-doctoral Innovation Projects of Special Funds(No.ZHHSZ201819032)
文摘Estradiol treatment during early life stages of tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes induces feminization in genetic males.However,the ovaries in genetic males may revert to testes once estradiol treatment is halted.Therefore studies should investigate molecular mechanisms underlying ovary-to-testis recovery in genetic males after treatment.In the present study,tiger puffer were exposed to 10,and 100μg/L 17β-estradiol(E 2)from 15 to 100 days post-hatching(dph),then gonad phenotypes and expression profi les of six sex-related genes(cyp19a,foxl2,dmrt1,amh,sox9a,and sox9b)were characterized after the exposure.Results showed that both 10 and 100μg/L E2 induced ovarian development in genetic males at 100 dph.However,all ovaries induced by 10μg/L E2 first developed into intersexual gonads and subsequently reverted to testes after the exposure.As for treatment of 100μg/L E2,while the rest of the ovaries maintained morphological stability,percentages of intersexual gonads reached 38%-57%,and none were reverted to testes.Increased mRNA levels of cyp19a,foxl2 and sox9b and decreased mRNA levels of dmrt1,amh,and sox9a were observed during the ovarian development in genetic males.While contrary gene expression profiles were detected during ovary-to-testis transformation.The mRNA levels of all the six genes were increased during the development of intersexual gonads.These results indicated that up-regulation of dmrt1,amh and sox9a is associated with initial ovary-to-intersexual transformation,and suppression of foxl2,cyp19a and sox9b is essential for complete ovary-to-testis recovery in genetic males.This research will help to trace the molecular processes underlying gonadal transformation in teleosts.
