Mufangji tang ameliorates pulmonary arterial hypertension through improving vascular remodeling,inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress,and inducing apoptosis

Background:Mufangji tang(MFJT)is composed of Ramulus Cinnamomi,Radix Ginseng,Cocculus orbiculatus(Linn.)DC.,and Gypsum.In clinical settings,MFJT has been effectively employed in addressing a range of respiratory disorders,notably including pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH).However,the mechanism of action of MFJT on PAH remains unknown.Methods:In this study,a monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model was established and treated with MFJT.The therapeutic effects of MFJT on PAH rat model were evaluated.Network pharmacology was conducted to screen the possible targets for MFJT on PAH,and the molecular docking between the main active components and the core targets was carried out.The key targets identified from network pharmacology were tested.Results:Results showed significant therapeutic effects of MFJT on PAH rat model.Analysis of network pharmacology revealed several potential targets related to apoptosis,inflammation,oxidative stress,and vascular remodeling.Molecular docking showed that the key components were well docked with the core targets.Further experimental validation results that MFJT treatment induced apoptosis(downregulated Bcl-2 levels and upregulated Bax levels in lung tissue),inhibited inflammatory response and oxdative stress(decreased the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,inducible NOS,and malondialdehyde,and increased the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase,nitric oxide,glutathione and superoxide dismutase),reduced the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells(downregulated ET-1 andβ-catenin levels and ERK1/2 phosphorylation,increased GSK3βlevels).Conclusion:Our study revealed MFJT treatment could alleviate PAH in rats via induction of apoptosis,inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress,and the prevention of vascular remodeling.

Gaze and Oppositional Gaze in Mr. Tang’s Girls

The gaze is a means of power that can flow through family relationships.It has intense regulatory overtones.In her short story Mr.Tang’s Girls,Malaysian-Chinese Anglophone diasporic writer Shirley Geok-lin Lim shows the conflict between Eastern and Western cultures and the resistance of women under the oppression of patriarchy through the portrayal of the father,Ah Kong,and the eldest daughter,Kim Li.Based on Foucault’s discipline gaze and Hooks’oppositional gaze,this article analyzes the power operation in the story from the following three aspects:the male gaze,discipline and self-discipline,and the oppositional gaze.Kim Li’s subjective image of breaking free from male ownership control has been presented.It suggests the difficulties encountered by female groups in their rebellion against the male gaze and their pursuit of freedom and emancipation.It also reflects the tragedy of awakening women’s destinies under the dual oppression of patriarchy and the East-Westen cultural conflict.

Effects of Xiaoxianxiong Tang on biological behavior in lung cancer cell line A549

Obiective:To investigate the effects of Xiaoxianxiong Tang on the proliferation,invasion,apoptosis,and other cell biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.Methods:Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were cultured in vitro,and the IC50 concentration and effective time of administration of Xiaoxianxiong Tang were determined by the CCK-8 assay to detect the inhibitory effect of Xiaoxianxiong Tang on A549 cells proliferation.The effect of the Xiaoxianxiong Tang on apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry;the apoptosis-related protein was detected via Western blot;the metastasis-related protein mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results:Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly inhibited the proliferation viability,the invasive ability,and the clonogenic ability of A549 cells compared with the control group(P<0.001).Moreover,Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly promoted the apoptosis of A549 cells(P<0.001).Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl2 expression in A549 cells compared with the control group(P<0.01).The mRNA expression of MMP2 and MMP9 was significantly down-regulated by Xiaoxianxiong Tang compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Xiaoxianxiong Tang has the effect of regulating the biological behavior of A549 cells,and Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly inhibites the proliferation viability,colony formation,and invasion ability of lung cancer A549 cells.

Study on the mechanism of action of Lizhong Tang in ameliorating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating mitochondrial autophagy

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of LiZhong Tang in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods:High-fat feed was used to induce NAFLD in rats,Blood and liver samples were collected to facilitate a comparative analysis of rat body mass and liver wet weight and calculate the liver index.Liver pathology was observed,while serum transaminase and blood lipid levels were measured.The protein expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,and LC-3II in rat liver were detected using Western Blot analysis.Results:Compared with the control group,the NAFLD rats exhibited a significant increase in body weight,liver wet weight,liver index,transaminase levels,and blood lipid levels.The expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,and LC3-II protein were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Following intervention with Lizhong Tang,rats in each herbal treatment group displayed a decrease in body weight,liver wet weight,liver index,se-rum transaminase,and blood lipid levels.The expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,and LC-3II rebounded(P<0.05),with the high-dose group demonstrating the most pronounced effects(P<0.01).Histopathological examination of liver tissue revealed that rats in the model group displayed disrupted hepatic lobule structure,swollen hepatocytes,disordered arrangement,and a multi-tude of varying-sized lipid vacuoles within the cytoplasm.Conversely,rats treated with different doses of the herbal remedy exhibited improvements in liver tissue pathology,with the high-dose group showing the most notable enhancement.Conclusion:Lizhong Tang can improve NAFLD disease by regulating mitochondrial autophagy.

Clinical efficacy of external treatment with Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with hormone therapy for granulomatous mastitis and its effect on cellular pyroptosis proteins

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with dexamethasone ointment in the treatment of granulomatous lobular mastitis in the mass stage and the effect on cellular pyroptosis-related proteins.Methods:Forty patients with granulomatous lobular mastitis were randomly divided into 20 cases in the observation group and 20 cases in the control group.Both groups were given dexamethasone ointment for treatment,and the observation group was treated with external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang on the basis of the control group.Breast lump vol-ume changes,breast pain and pus symptoms,pathology and histology and immunohistochemistry,cellular death-related indicators expression were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the difference in mass volume of the observation group was significantly greater than that of the control group(16.7±21.5 in the control group and 32.9±27.4 in the experimental group)and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);the objective remission rate of the patients in the observation group(ORR=85%)was significantly higher than that of the treatment group(ORR=50%,P<0.05).In terms of pus formation rate and pain level,the breast pain score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after two weeks or three weeks of treatment(P<0.05);the pus formation rate of the observation group was 30%,and the pus formation rate of the control group was 20%,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The immunohistochemical expression levels of caspase-1 and GSDMD in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);and in terms of the expression of cellular pyroptosis-related indexes,the expression of GSDMD,cas-pase-1,and NLRP3 in the observation group was significantly lower compared with that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The efficacy of external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with dexamethasone ointment in treating granulomatous lobular mastitis in the mass stage is remarkable,which can effectively reduce breast pain,reduce the size of the mass,de-crease the expression of cellular pyroptosisrelated indexes,and have a good anti-inflammatory effect.

A Study on the“Social Behavior”of Zen Poetry Culture:A Case Study of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

During the Sui and Tang dynasties,Buddhism and Zen poetry underwent great development.Zen poetry is diverse in form,strong in personality,and high in achievement.Among the types of Zen poetry are poems,lyrics,and prose,some of which have social attributes closely related to the development of Chinese Buddhism.An analysis reveals that the viewpoints and information conveyed in these poems,lyrics,and prose are positively correlated with the attitudes of the emperors towards Buddhism.When the attitude of the emperor towards Buddhism reached its peak of positivity during the Tang dynasty,there was a change towards a negative correlation with the viewpoints expressed in poetry.

Investigation of the mechanism of action of Sanwu Huangqin Tang in the treatment of restless leg syndrome based on network pharmacology,molecular docking technology and molecular dynamics simulation

Background:Through the use of network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches,this study will examine the pharmacological effects of Sanwu Huangqin Tang on restless legs syndrome in order to better understand the mechanism of action of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)on RLS.Method:Utilise the TCMSP database to collect and select the drug components of Sanwu Huangqin Tang,and the Uniprot database to identify pertinent targets;RLS-related disease targets were obtained from GeneCards,DrugBank,and OMIM databases;and STRING and Cytoscape 3.9.1 software were used to generate an interaction network.KEGG pathway analysis and GO enrichment analysis were performed utilizing the DAVID database.Use Autodock for analyzing the relationships between targets and core components.Result:By using a network pharmacology approach,83 active ingredients and 50 drug-disease intersecting targets were derived for Sanwu Huangqin Tang.The molecular docking results showed that the drug components had strong affinity with the average target targets.Conclusions:This study provides new insights into the mechanism through which Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)treats Restless Legs Syndrome(RLS).Furthermore,it lays the foundation for additional research into the mechanism of treatment for RLS through the intervention that addresses various targets and pathways using the active ingredients identified by Sanwu Huangqin Tang.

Exploration of the mechanism of action of Xiayuxue Tang against hepatic fibrosis based on GEO data mining,network pharmacology and molecular docking technology

Objective:To study the mechanism of action of Xiayuxue Tang in treating hepatic fibrosis by combining GEO data mining,network pharmacology,and molecular docking technology,and provide new research directions for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.Method:Utilizing multiple databases,we aim to identify the relevant targets of various components in Xiayuxue Tang and their associations with hepatic fibrosis.After pinpointing the key targets through interaction analysis,we will construct both the compound-target network and the protein interaction network for Xiayuxue Tang.Conclusively,we will conduct GO and KEGG enrichment analyses on these key targets,followed by molecular docking verification.Result:Through mining the GEO database,171 related targets were identified.When combined with other databases,a total of 2,343 hepatic fibrosis-related targets were obtained.Xiayuxue Tang comprises 82 related components,which include 26 active components from rhubarb,1 from ground beetle worm,46 from peach kernels,with a total of 314 predicted targets.The GO enrichment analysis revealed 748 biological processes,32 cellular components,and 73 molecular functions,while the KEGG enrichment analysis identified 222 pathways.Molecular docking verification confirmed that effective compounds can bind stably to key proteins,exhibiting strong binding activity.This underscores the potential efficacy of Xiayuxue Tang in addressing hepatic fibrosis.Conclusion:Xiayuxue Tang exerts regulatory effects on hepatic fibrosis through different targets and pathways,suggesting that the herbal compound has the characteristics of multiple pathways and targets.

六味地黄汤对老化模型大鼠视网膜组织铁死亡通路的影响

目的:观察六味地黄汤对老化模型大鼠视网膜组织中铁蛋白、溶质载体家族7成员11(SLC7A11)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)表达水平的影响。方法:将45只SD大鼠随机分成空白组、模型组、中药组,各15只。空白组腹腔注射生理盐水,模型组、中药组腹腔注射D-半乳糖[500 mg/(kg·d)],同时,中药组灌服六味地黄汤[6.75 g/(kg·d)],空白组、模型组灌服等体积生理盐水,连续8 wk。检测各组大鼠视网膜组织中铁蛋白、SLC7A11、GSH、GPX4的表达水平。结果:模型组较空白组大鼠视网膜组织中铁蛋白表达增高(P<0.05),GSH、SLC7A11、GPX4表达降低(P<0.05)。中药组较模型组大鼠视网膜组织中GSH、SLC7A11、GPX4表达增高(P<0.05)。结论:六味地黄汤可能通过调控铁死亡途径发挥延缓视网膜老化的作用。

唐朝初期中原与吐蕃佛教交融依存语境解读

吐蕃与唐朝因中原佛教结缘,而双方的交融依存发端于唐朝重启了儒家孟子性善论仁道思想,摒弃了过去天赋神权论的儒家思想。儒学扬弃之后在唐朝初期强调“仁”道,唐朝因“仁”和合吐蕃,佛教的中国化也在唐朝初期有了新的面目:“提倡众生平等”。儒学的“仁”转化为佛学的“众生平等”理念,形成了吐蕃与中原的基本交往范式,即以佛教为抓手,而以借鉴唐朝的基本思想为内容的事实。这也说明佛教在唐朝真正开始中原化了,而佛教在吐蕃还远未开始吐蕃化,文成公主入藏意味着吐蕃与中原启动了交往交流交融的加速模式。

基于网络药理学探讨百合知母汤抗焦虑与失眠的分子机制

目的:应用网络药理学方法探讨百合知母汤抗焦虑与失眠的分子机制。方法:基于中医药整合药理学研究平台(integrative pharmacology-based research platform of traditional Chinese medicine,TCMIP)V2.0对百合知母汤化学成分信息进行靶标预测,将焦虑与失眠相关疾病靶标信息进行蛋白-蛋白互作网络(protein-protein interactions,PPI)构建;富集分析百合知母汤干预焦虑、失眠的关键靶标;构建可视化的“中药方剂-中药材-化学成分-核心靶标-关键通路-疾病关键病理环节”多层次网络关联图。结果:百合知母汤有效成分主要为皂苷、黄酮、挥发油、有机酸等,百合知母汤作用潜在靶标共128个,其中与药物相关靶标14个,与疾病相关靶标114个,药物与疾病共有靶标2个,分别为NR3C1和GABRA1。百合知母汤抗焦虑与失眠主要作用于GABRA1、NFKB1、AR、SMC1A、PIK3CA、NR3C1、DRD2等基因或蛋白靶标中,涉及氨基丁酸、氯离子跨膜运输、突触后膜电位、γ-氨基丁酸的突触传递、神经元凋亡过程负调控及信号转导效应等通路。结论:百合知母汤抗焦虑与失眠的分子作用机制可能与干预GABRA1、NFKB1、DRD2等基因或蛋白表达,调控氨基丁酸、氯离子跨膜运输等通路有关。

唐朝“大一统”的空间叙事——基于《新唐书·地理志》的研究

“大一统”是中国学术界的重要议题,但对唐朝“大一统”的讨论,现有研究主要是从思想阐释层面展开,从空间叙事角度表达唐朝“大一统”历史形态的研究不多。《新唐书·地理志》对唐朝疆域范围、交通道路、户数人口、政区沿革等方面的详细记载为我们解释唐朝“大一统”提供了空间维度的观察路径与文献基础。唐朝“郡县天下-羁縻府州-文化边疆”的空间结构不仅改变了秦汉以来的“大一统”空间叙事,而且在具体实践上,唐朝所形成的“大一统”是沟通中央与地方、维系中心与边疆、涵盖中国境内与域外世界的整体性叙事。正是基于“大一统”的空间叙事,使得中国疆域具有了超越具体朝代的稳定性,成为现代中国疆域叙事体系的重要内容之一。

后唐明宗朝北面行营与北部边防

北面行营的设置,是唐明宗措置军事的一项重要措施。在平定叛乱时,北面行营的主导力量是唐明宗亲信与元随以及中央的禁军。行营统帅的设置,体现了分权与制衡的原则。北面行营运行体现了唐明宗时期中央权力的发展,以及战时状态下唐明宗对于军事的掌控意愿。在战争结束后,北面行营成为后唐措置北边防御的重要机构。行营制衡的原则也运用在边防体系的构建之上,并与唐明宗的对外政策互为照映。在行营之内,唐明宗通过任命来自不同政治势力的行营统帅,派遣禁军出戍的方式,来实现行营权力的互相制衡。在后唐北部边防体系中,唐明宗设置北面行营署理河北边防,以期与负责河东边防的河东节度使实现军事上的互相制衡。但在北面行营的实际运行中,由于唐末帝时期中央激烈的政治变动以及契丹突然的军事介入,其军事上的平衡作用逐步丧失。北面行营反而成为赵德钧拥兵谋夺天下的资本。北面行营的运行反映了唐宋时期边防体制演进中对军事权力分割与制衡的趋势。

基于网络药理学方法、分子对接技术及动物实验探讨参威骨痹汤治疗骨质疏松症的作用机制

目的:探讨参威骨痹汤治疗骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的作用机制。方法:①网络药理学研究。采用超高效液相色谱-质谱法鉴定参威骨痹汤中的化合物,采用网络药理学方法初步筛选参威骨痹汤治疗OP的关键活性成分和靶点。②分子对接验证。采用分子对接技术验证网络药理学研究确定的参威骨痹汤治疗OP的关键活性成分与靶点的结合效果,从中筛选结合效果最好的组合。③动物实验验证。将60只雌性C57BL/6JNifdc小鼠随机等分为5组,模型组和参威骨痹汤低、中、高剂量组小鼠通过双侧卵巢切除手术进行OP造模,假手术组小鼠仅切取卵巢周围等体积的脂肪组织。参威骨痹汤低、中、高剂量组小鼠分别按照14.95 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)、29.9 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)、59.8 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)以参威骨痹汤药液灌胃,假手术组和模型组小鼠以等体积生理盐水灌胃。药物干预8周后,取股骨进行Micro-CT检查和组织病理学观察(HE染色和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色),采用实时定量PCR技术测定胫骨组织中根据网络药理学和分子对接技术确定的关键靶点基因的mRNA表达水平。结果:①网络药理学研究结果。网络药理学研究结果显示,SRC、促分裂原活化的蛋白激酶3(mitogen-activated protein kinase 3,MAPK3)、MAPK1、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶调节亚基1(phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1,PI3KR1)、信号转导及转录活化因子3为参威骨痹汤治疗OP的关键靶点,五味子丙素、10-姜酚、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯、倍半萜内酯和香豆雌酚为参威骨痹汤治疗OP的关键活性成分。②分子对接验证结果。分子对接结果显示,参威骨痹汤治疗OP关键活性成分与关键靶点的结合能均小于-5 kJ·mol^(-1),表明结合效果良好,其中靶点SRC、MAPK3、PI3KR1与活性成分五味子丙素、10-姜酚、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯的结合效果更好。③动物实验验证结果。Micro-CT检查及组织病理学观察结果显示,参威骨痹汤能改善OP模型小鼠的骨质疏松程度,其中中剂量参威骨痹汤效果更好。实时定量PCR测定结果显示,参威骨痹汤中剂量组胫骨组织中SRC mRNA和MAPK3 mRNA表达水平低于模型组,PI3KR1 mRNA表达水平与模型组比较差异无统计学意义。结论:参威骨痹汤治疗OP的机制可能是通过五味子丙素、10-姜酚、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯等成分调控SRC、PI3KR1、MAPK3的表达来调节骨代谢。

河北邢窑和定窑唐三彩烧制工艺的无损分析

研究了河北邢窑和定窑发掘出土的唐三彩样品的化学成分和物相结构。结果表明,邢窑和定窑唐三彩的胎体有不同的来源或配方;值得注意的是,邢窑唐三彩XY4样品中,存在同时施钙釉和铅釉的工艺。另一方面,邢窑和定窑唐三彩的高铅釉中,普遍存在α-石英和微量钙长石的晶相;其中定窑黄釉中存在微量莫来石(3Al_(2)O_(3)·2SiO_(2))晶相和α-Fe_(2)O_(3)晶相;定窑绿釉中存在微量的Pb_(8)Cu(Si_(2)O_(7))晶相;邢窑白釉中存在少量的钾长石(KAlSi_(3)O_(8))晶相。这些微量的晶相或是釉料本身所携带或在烧制或冷却过程中发生的复杂的物理化学变化所形成的,对了解早期唐三彩的烧制工艺和真伪识别以及墓葬出土唐三彩产地的研究具有很重要的意义。

试论唐甄与柳馨远的政治革新思想

明末清初的思想家唐甄与同时代朝鲜思想家柳馨远在政治革新思想方面有较多相似之处,这是目前所见的文献中几乎没有深入论及之处。他们虽处于不同的国度,但重塑政府组织结构却是二人政治革新的共同选择;在重塑过程中,都更加注重各个部门和机构的“实权”;为了让政府组织更高效地运行,二人都选择了“省官”这一办法;二人对于官员的选拔与任用,都把“实功”作为最核心的指标。他们之间存在着这样的相似之处与二人所处的相似的社会现实和刻在他们骨子里的儒家民本思想有关;相似的社会现实是外因,儒家民本思想是内因。对其二人的政治革新思想进行比较分析,可以为学术界研究唐甄与柳馨远的思想提供一定的启发。

音乐雅俗流变与中唐乐人诗的新开拓

中唐雅乐建制整体处于停滞状态,俗乐却因为君王喜好及朝廷鼓励与政策支持、宦官集团的高度重视及藩镇的着力追求而走向全面活跃,这种发展格局带来了中唐宴乐之风的全面兴盛。由于诗歌的创作与表演是中国古代社会宴会的传统内容,宴乐之风的全面兴盛对中唐诗歌发展产生了重要影响。受此风气的影响,作为中唐音乐诗重要类别的乐人诗有了新开拓:就内容而言,淡化了乐人的容貌描写,重视刻画他们的表演神态,并以容貌来反衬精湛的技术;注重乐人的技艺描写,详及表演的过程、曲目和歌辞等;全方面描绘乐人的生活,包括拜师学艺、受雇表演、日常生活和人生归宿等;深入乐人的精神世界,涉及其对音乐的热爱精通、丰富情思、文学才华及对友谊爱情的珍视等。就情思而言,不但表达对宴会主人或乐人雇主的感谢,而且涉及诗人的自我人生感怀、对社会弊端的批判以及对过往历史的反思等。全面考查音乐雅俗流变、宴乐之风及中唐乐人诗三者的关联,对于了解唐代诗歌发展历程的丰富及审美风尚的变迁等有重要的价值。

《唐韦绚墓志》发微

韦绚为唐代中期的著名文人,唐顺宗朝宰相韦执谊之子,文学家元稹之婿,其笔记小说《刘宾客嘉话》《戎幕闲谈》流传至今。因文献记载不足,故与其有关的研究存在诸多争议。韦绚墓志的发现,为研究其家世生平、交游仕宦、文学创作提供了第一手资料,也从一个侧面折射出当时宦官擅权、朋党相争、藩镇割据的政治面貌,对研究中晚唐历史具有重要意义。

冲击载荷下煤样动力学响应特性与损伤本构模型

为研究深部煤体动载响应规律,采用分离式霍普金森压杆试验系统对信湖矿煤样开展了不同应变率的单轴冲击压缩试验。研究结果表明:冲击载荷下煤样动态抗压强度强度具有明显的应变率效应,且随着应变率增大,应变硬化现象愈发明显;煤样反射能、透射能、吸收能、耗能密度与应变率呈一次函数关系,耗能占比与应变率呈指数型函数关系,且均保持正相关。基于经典朱-王-唐模型、Weibull分布、Drucker-Prager准则,建立了考虑煤样损伤与黏滞性特征的动态统计损伤本构模型,并对本构模型的准确性与普适性进行了验证。该模型能够较好地描述煤样冲击动态力学行为,为动载影响下深地煤炭安全开采提供了基础研究。

试论《唐虞之道》的政治哲学理路

从政治哲学的角度来看,尽管《唐虞之道》对禅让进行了较为系统的理论构建,但因为是对尧舜传说的哲学解读,这使得对政治的哲学思考与对历史的政治叙事结合在一起,其中有一些问题需要厘清。如禅让是否可以包含传子,制度维度的“位”和美德维度的“德”之间是什么关系;禅让和内圣外王是什么关系;血缘原则的“亲”和德行原则的“贤”之间是什么关系;禅让是否被理解为必然的;等等。厘清这些问题,对于推动《唐虞之道》以及先秦禅让思想研究的深入开展是有意义的。