Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Yao Medicine Laggerae Alatae Herba

[Objectives]To study the anti-inflammatory effect of Laggerae Alatae Herba extract and its mechanism.[Methods]Inflammation models of xylene-induced ear edema in mice,acetic acid-induced increased permeability of abdominal capillaries in mice,and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice were established;xylene-induced ear swelling model in bilateral adrenalectomized mice was established.The levels of MDA,NO and SOD in inflammatory tissues of paw were measured.[Results]Compared with the model group,the high and medium dose groups of Laggerae Alatae Herba extract had significant inhibitory effect on xylene-induced ear edema in mice,except for the low dose group(P>0.05);Laggerae Alatae Herba extract inhibited the increase of celiac capillary permeability induced by acetic acid and paw edema induced by carrageenan in mice.Compared with the model group,in the mice model with bilateral adrenal glands removed,the high and medium dose groups of Laggerae Alatae Herba extract could significantly inhibit the xylene induced ear swelling of the mice.The high and medium dose groups of Laggerae Alatae Herba extract could significantly decrease the levels of MDA and NO,and significantly increase the level of SOD in the paw tissue.[Conclusions]The Laggerae Alatae Herba extracts have anti-inflammatory activity,and the anti-inflammatory effect of the extracts does not depend on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPAA)system.In addition,the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Laggerae Alatae Herba extract is related to the decrease of MDA and NO and the increase of SOD.

Targeting colorectal cancer with Herba Patriniae and Coix seed:Network pharmacology,molecular docking,and in vitro validation

BACKGROUND Herba Patriniae and Coix seed(HC)constitute a widely utilized drug combination in the clinical management of colorectal cancer(CRC)that is known for its diuretic,anti-inflammatory,and swelling-reducing properties.Although its efficacy has been demonstrated in a clinical setting,the active compounds and their mechanisms of action in CRC treatment remain to be fully elucidated.AIM To identify the active,CRC-targeting components of HC and to elucidate the mechanisms of action involved.METHODS Active HC components were identified and screened using databases.Targets for each component were predicted.CRC-related targets were obtained from human gene databases.Interaction targets between HC and CRC were identified.A“drug-ingredient-target”network was created to identify the core components and targets involved.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analyses were conducted to elucidate the key pathways involved.Molecular docking between core targets and key components was executed.In vitro experiments validated core monomers.RESULTS Nineteen active components of HC were identified,with acacetin as the primary active compound.The predictive analysis identified 454 targets of the active compounds in HC.Intersection mapping with 2685 CRC-related targets yielded 171 intervention targets,including 30 core targets.GO and KEGG analyses indicated that HC may influence the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway.Molecular docking showed that acacetin exhibited an optimal interaction with AKT1,identifying PI3K,AKT,and P53 as key genes likely targeted by HC during CRC treatment.Acacetin inhibited HT-29 cell proliferation and migration,as well as promoted apoptosis,in vitro.Western blotting analysis revealed increased p53 and cleaved caspase-3 expression and decreased levels of p-PI3K,p-Akt,and survivin,which likely contributed to CRC apoptosis.CONCLUSION Acacetin,the principal active compound in the HC pair,inhibited the proliferation and migration of HT-29 cells and promoted apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt/p53 signaling pathway.

Investigating the molecular mechanism of Chelidonii Herba against liver cancer using network pharmacology and molecular docking validation

Background:The molecular mechanism of Chelidonii Herba in treating hepatocellular carcinoma was investigated using network pharmacology and molecular docking validation.Methods:The main active components of Chelidonii Herba were screened using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database,and the targets of these active ingredients were identified using the SwissTargetPrediction platform.Targets related to liver cancer were sourced from GeneCards,Therapeutic Targets Database,and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases.Intersection targets between the active components of Chelidonii Herba and liver cancer were determined using the jvenn online platform.The protein interaction network was analyzed via STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape 3.9.1.Core targets were identified and further analyzed within the protein interaction network.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were conducted for the intersection targets using the DAVID database to correlate gene functions.Sankey bubble diagrams for Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and circular diagrams for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were generated using CNSknowall and SangerBox online platforms.Molecular docking and visualization were performed using AutoDockTools 1.5.7 and PyMOL 2.5.7 software,respectively.Overall survival and pan-cancer analysis of core targets were conducted using the GEPIA2 online platform.Results:Twelve active components of Chelidonii Herba were identified through screening.A total of 103 intersection targets and 12 core targets were found between these active constituents of Chelidonii Herba and liver cancer.Chelidonii Herba may exert its effects on liver cancer through these 12 core targets.Several signaling pathways are implicated,including chemical carcinogen-receptor activation,endocrine resistance,HIF-1 signaling pathway,and proteoglycans in cancer.Conclusion:Chelidonii Herba potentially intervenes in cancer-related signaling pathways for treating liver cancer by targeting AKT1,EGFR,and ERBB2.This action is facilitated by active ingredients such as(S)-chrysocorydaline,dihydrochelidonorubin,cryptopine,and oxysanguinarine.Chelidonii Herba may address liver cancer through a mechanism involving multiple components,targets,and pathways.

Quality Standard of Tibetan Medicine Nardostachys jatamansi Herba Based on"An Integrated Plant but Multi-purpose"

[Objectives]To establish the quality standard of Nardostachys jatamansi Herba.[Methods]The characters and microscopical identification of N.jatamansi Herba were carried out.The contents of moisture,total ash,acid-insoluble ash and extract were determined according to the relevant methods of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition).Using chlorogenic acid and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid as quality control indexes,TLC and HPLC methods were established for qualitative and quantitative determination,and HPLC fingerprints were established.[Results]The characteristics of character identification,microscopic identification and thin layer identification were obvious.The moisture content ranged from 2.7%to 7.8%,with an average value of 5.4%.The total ash content ranged from 6.7%to 16.2%,with an average of 11.0%.The acid-insoluble ash content ranged from 0.7%to 8.5%,with an average of 3.6%.Extractives content ranged from 20.9%to 34.4%,with an average of 29.7%.Chlorogenic acid content was between 0.45%and 1.30%,with an average value of 0.77%.The content of 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid ranged from 0.18%to 0.58%,with an average of 0.31%.The similarity of each batch was between 0.930 and 0.994,indicating that the quality of medicinal materials from different producing areas was stable.[Conclusions]The quality standard of N.jatamansi Herba was established,which could provide quality control basis for rational,comprehensive and efficient utilization of N.jatamansi DC.resources and clinical use.

肉苁蓉的药理作用及其在中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展

肉苁蓉(Cistanches)是列当科植物肉苁蓉的肉质茎,又名金笋、地精、大芸。肉苁蓉的提取物主要包括肉苁蓉总苷、苯乙醇苷类、环烯醚萜类、挥发性成分、木脂素类、多糖、生物碱等。肉苁蓉的传统中药作用有补肾壮阳、润肠通便、女子不孕、滋补强身等;现代药理作用包括抗氧化、抗凋亡、调控自噬、增强体力和抗疲劳、改善学习认知功能。相关研究表明肉苁蓉对中枢神经系统疾病具有良好的治疗效果。脑缺血再灌注损伤(Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury,CIRI)发生常伴随着脑水肿、血脑屏障的破坏、神经炎症、神经元凋亡,肉苁蓉提取物肉苁蓉总苷可抑制神经细胞炎症及凋亡,减少脑梗死面积,对CIRI模型大鼠具有神经保护作用。肉苁蓉通过减少自由基堆积、抑制氧化应激和炎症反应,提高阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)和血管性痴呆(Vascular dementia,Va D)模型大鼠的学习记忆能力。肉苁蓉可以改善帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)小鼠运动行为异常,发挥神经保护作用。肉苁蓉能够抑制肌萎缩侧索硬化症(Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ALS)兴奋性氨基酸的水平,减轻神经毒性作用,改变星形胶质细胞功能,提高神经细胞存活率。目前肉苁蓉对于中枢神经系统疾病的应用越来越广泛,就其药理作用及其在中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展进行综述,以期为肉苁蓉的开发和利用提供新的思路。

LC-MS-based metabolomics analysis of Gei Herba liver treatment in acetylphenylhydrazine-induced blood deficiency mice

Objective:This study aims to explore the metabolic mechanism of the liver protective effect of an aqueous extract of Gei Herba(AEG)in blood deficiency(BD)mice.Methods:The BD mouse model was established by acetylphenylhydrazine and cyclophosphamide.A total of forty-eight female Kunming mice(18–22 g)were randomly assigned to six groups:a control group,a BD model group,a positive drug group(Danggui Yixue oral liquid),and three AEG treatment groups receiving a daily AEG dose of 1,2,4 g/kg for nine days.The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and the protein expression of IL-1,IL-2,IL-3 and TNF-αwere determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)based metabolomics was used to identify liver metabolites,and the MetaboAnalyst platform was used to analyze the metabolic pathways.Results:AEG reduced serum AST,increased IL-1,IL-2,IL-3 and decreased TNF-αto effectively alleviate liver damage in BD mice.Furthermore,metabolomics analysis revealed that the disordered mice liver metabolic profile was corrected after AEG treatment,five differential metabolites were upregulated,and the mechanism was mainly related to increasing the primary bile acid biosynthesis.Conclusion:AEG has a regulatory effect on abnormal liver metabolism in BD mice.

不同配伍比例的半枝莲-白花蛇舌草药对对肝癌细胞增殖活性的影响

目的:研究不同配伍比例的半枝莲-白花蛇舌草药对(简称半白药对,SB-OD)对肝癌细胞株(MHCC97H细胞和Huh7细胞)增殖活性的抑制作用。方法:运用CCK-8法观察不同配伍比例的半白药对(半白1∶1,半白2∶1,半白1∶2)干预MHCC97H和Huh7细胞24 h,分别计算其IC_(50)值;并应用细胞平板克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆形成能力,分析不同配伍比例的半白药对对MHCC97H和Huh7细胞增殖活性的影响。结果:不同配伍比例的半白药对作用MHCC97H和Huh7细胞后的生存活力明显下降(P<0.01),并呈浓度依赖性,其中半白1∶1组作用于MHCC97H和Huh7细胞的IC_(50)值分别为6.69 mg/mL和7.95 mg/mL;半白2∶1组作用于MHCC97H和Huh7细胞的IC_(50)值分别为2.58 mg/mL和3.43 mg/mL;半白1∶2组作用于MHCC97H和Huh7细胞的IC_(50)值分别为15.04 mg/mL和16.60 mg/mL。不同配伍比例的半白药对干预MHCC97H和Huh7细胞后的克隆形成率明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:不同配伍比例的半白药对均能够抑制肝癌MHCC97H和Huh7细胞的增殖活性,2∶1配伍比例的抑制作用最佳,可作为半白药对抗肿瘤研究的实验基础。

基于抗炎作用的蒲公英清热解毒物质基础研究

目的探究蒲公英清热解毒的药效物质基础。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀模型,比较蒲公英鲜品匀浆、鲜品水提物和蒲公英干品水提物的抗炎作用差异;通过高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS),对比蒲公英鲜品匀浆、鲜品水提物和蒲公英干品水提物中次生物质木犀草苷、绿原酸、阿魏酸、咖啡酸、秦皮乙素5种成分含量的差异;采用苯酚-硫酸比色法和考马斯亮蓝法分别对比蒲公英鲜品匀浆、鲜品水提物和蒲公英干品水提物中初生物质多糖和蛋白含量的差异;通过离子交换色谱法分离纯化蒲公英鲜品中的多糖和蛋白类成分,进一步研究其清热解毒的物质基础。结果蒲公英鲜品匀浆、鲜品水提物和蒲公英干品水提物组小鼠的耳肿胀率分别为0.59、0.85、0.94,其中蒲公英鲜品匀浆提取物中次生物质的含量最低,而初生物质多糖和蛋白类成分含量最高,多糖组和蛋白组小鼠的耳肿胀率分别为0.45、0.74。结论蒲公英鲜品的抗炎作用优于干品,而且鲜品和干品中次生物质含量差异较小,初生物质中多糖和蛋白的含量差异大,通过进一步研究分离纯化后多糖和蛋白的抗炎作用差异,结果表明蒲公英鲜品中的多糖类成分是发挥清热解毒作用的主要物质基础。

基于多指标成分定量联合多元统计分析评价不同产地鹅不食草药材质量

基于多指标成分定量联合多元统计分析综合评价不同产地鹅不食草质量差异,提高鹅不食草药材的整体质量控制水平。以Waters XTerra MS C18柱为色谱柱,乙腈-0.2%磷酸为流动相,采用HPLC法同时测定鹅不食草中绿原酸、异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C、槲皮素、山柰酚、3-甲氧基槲皮素、山金车内酯D、山金车内酯C、小堆心菊素C、短叶老鹳草素A、羽扇豆醇、β-谷甾醇和蒲公英甾醇含量。对16批鹅不食草多指标成分定量检测结果进行聚类分析(cluster analysis,CA)、主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和因子分析(factor analysis,FA),对不同产地鹅不食草药材进行分组和综合质量评价。利用正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA)分析挖掘影响产品质量的差异性标志物。方法学验证符合中华人民共和国药典要求,13种成分在各自范围内线性关系良好(R^(2)>0.999),平均加样回收率(n=9)在96.88%~100.1%之间(RSD<2.0%)。CA结果显示16批鹅不食草聚为3类。PCA结果显示前2个主成分特征值分别为10.187和2.059,方差贡献率分别为78.361%和15.839%,表明前2个主成分代表鹅不食草94.200%信息量,对鹅不食草质量评价具有很好的代表性。FA结果显示16批鹅不食草样品主成分综合得分在-1.451~1.344,其中浙江和江苏产鹅不食草综合得分较高,排名居于前5位,湖北、湖南和广东产鹅不食草综合得分排名居中,贵州和四川产鹅不食草综合得分排名靠后。OPLS-DA结果显示短叶老鹳草素A、异绿原酸A、小堆心菊素C、槲皮素、山金车内酯C是影响鹅不食草产品质量的差异性标志物。所建立的HPLC法操作便捷,结果准确,可用于鹅不食草多指标成分定量控制;多元统计分析可用于不同产地鹅不食草的整体质量评价。

蒲公英化学成分和药理作用研究进展及其质量标志物预测分析

蒲公英Taraxaci Herba是我国药食同源中药材之一。蒲公英化学成分类型丰富,药理作用应用广泛,现代研究表明,蒲公英中富含黄酮类、酚酸类、萜类、糖类、甾醇类、脂肪酸类、色素类等多种化学成分,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、保肝利胆、抑菌、抗氧化、调节免疫等多重作用功效。通过文献汇总,对蒲公英化学成分和药理作用最新研究进展进行整理总结,并运用质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker)核心理念,围绕植物亲缘学及化学成分特有性,成分与药性和药效的关系以及化学成分可测性四个角度,并结合分子对接模拟分析方法,对蒲公英质量标志物预测分析。归纳出咖啡酸、绿原酸、芦丁、槲皮素、蒲公英甾醇、蒲公英多糖等成分可作为蒲公英主要的质量标志物的候选成分,为完善蒲公英质量标准提供依据,以期为蒲公英科学合理的质量控制以及后续的深入研究利用提供参考。

以麻黄为主药系列经方在儿童过敏性疾病辨治中的运用

以麻黄为主药系列经方在儿童过敏性疾病辨治中的运用。儿童过敏性疾病多年来是临床治疗的难点,以麻黄为主药系列方治疗该病临床疗效确切肯定。儿童过敏性疾病多因正气不足,肺、脾、肾功能低下,痰饮等伏邪宿根停留于体内,外邪引动而发病。麻黄为治疗咳喘之圣药,通过合理的配伍,麻黄与杏仁宣降相成,麻黄与石膏寒温并举,麻黄与附子温通表里。为了确保疗效,要重视遵循经方的原配伍比例、剂量、组方、煎服法和调护法。此外,还要明确麻黄类方及方证应用,即对方证,抓主证。

蒲公英对乳腺疾病治疗作用机制的研究进展

乳腺疾病是我国常见的危害女性心理及健康的最主要因素,蒲公英在治疗乳腺疾病方面疗效确切,深入研究其药理作用及临床应用尤为必要。基于此,就近年来关于蒲公英对乳腺疾病的药理作用和临床应用的相关文献进行归纳分析,发现可通过含蒲公英的复方治疗乳腺增生病;其主要有效成分可通过调控核因子κB(nuclear factor-kappa B,NF-κB)信号通路和微生物相关分子模式(microbe-associated molecular patterns,MAMPs)信号通路,下调肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(interlukin-6,IL-6)等炎性因子的表达治疗哺乳期乳腺炎;通过中药复方合理配伍治疗非哺乳期乳腺炎;通过调控细胞周期以抑制增殖、促进凋亡、抗侵袭转移、调节自噬、影响雌激素、提高免疫力、抑制相关代谢途径等抗乳腺癌。总结梳理的关于蒲公英作用于乳腺疾病的药理作用及临床应用,可为进一步研究蒲公英在乳腺疾病的治疗提供新的思路和科学依据。

茵陈水提物对多药耐药蛋白3基因突变致新生儿肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积的保护作用

目的探讨茵陈水提物对多药耐药蛋白3(MDR3)基因突变导致的新生儿肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积(PNAC)的保护作用及可能机制。方法①将人原代培养肝细胞应用体外细胞培养、CRISPR/Cas9慢病毒感染、MDR3突变基因导入等技术处理后,比较1%脂肪乳诱导处理前(0)和处理后16、32、48 h不同时间点肝细胞上清液中肝胆生化指标〔丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBil)、直接胆红素(DBil)、间接胆红素(IBil)、总胆汁酸(TBA)〕的水平,确定构建MDR3基因突变PNAC肝细胞模型脂肪酸诱导所需的时间。②将人原代培养肝细胞株按随机数字表法分为空白对照组、MDR3基因野生型组、MDR3基因突变组、茵陈水提物干预组。空白对照组只用培养液处理,MDR3基因野生型组应用慢病毒感染融入野生型MDR3基因和培养液培养,MDR3基因突变组应用慢病毒感染慢病毒导入MDR3(c.485T>A、c.2793insA、c.1031G>A、c.3347G>A)突变基因和培养液培养,茵陈水提物干预组应用慢病毒感染导入MDR3突变基因和培养液培养的基础上,加入100 g/L茵陈水提物预处理,然后将4组肝细胞分别加入1%脂肪乳诱导处理,处理时间为构建MDR3基因突变PNAC肝细胞模型脂肪酸诱导所需时间。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定4组肝细胞上清液中肝胆生化(ALT、AST、TBil、DBil、IBil、TBA)水平,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测4组肝细胞编码MDR3、胆盐输出泵(BSEP)、多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)2~4和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的三磷酸腺苷结合盒蛋白(ABCB4、ABCB11、ABCC2、ABCC3、ABCC4)和TNF基因mRNA的表达丰度。结果与空白对照组和MDR3基因野生型组比较,MDR3基因突变组在经1%脂肪乳诱导处理前和处理后16 h肝细胞上清液中肝胆生化指标(ALT、AST、TBil、DBil、IBil、TBA)水平比较差异无统计学意义,经1%脂肪乳诱导处理32 h和48 h MDR3基因突变组肝细胞上清液肝胆生化指标(ALT、AST、TBil、DBil、IBil、TBA)水平均明显升高(均P<0.05),确定构建MDR3基因突变PNAC肝细胞模型脂肪酸诱导所需的时间为32 h。与MDR3基因突变组比较,茵陈水提物干预组肝细胞在脂肪乳处理后32 h肝细胞上清液中肝胆生化指标(ALT、AST、TBil、DBil、TBA)水平均明显降低〔ALT(ng/L):148.3±2.3比164.9±7.0,AST(ng/L):2767.4±78.8比3239.4±107.1,TBi(lμmol/L):7.6±0.2比13.6±0.3,DBi(lμmol/L):1.8±0.1比5.7±0.2,TBA(μmol/L):3.4±0.2比6.7±0.1,均P<0.05〕;空白对照组、MDR3基因野生型组、MDR3基因突变组和茵陈水提物干预组肝细胞编码MDR3、MRP2、MRP3、MRP4的ABCB4、ABCC2、ABCC3、ABCC4基因mRNA表达丰度差异无统计学意义;TNF基因mRNA在MDR3基因突变组呈高表达(2-ΔΔCt:1.258±0.200比1.001±0.052),茵陈水提物干预组呈低表达(2-ΔΔCt:0.387±0.247比1.258±0.200),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与MDR3基因突变组比较,茵陈水提取物干预组肝细胞编码BSEP的ABCB11基因mRNA的表达丰度明显增高(2-ΔΔCt:2.955±0.479比1.333±0.529,P<0.05)。结论茵陈水提物对MDR3基因突变导致的PNAC有一定保护作用,可能与拮抗炎症反应,降低TNF基因的mRNA表达和改善编码BSEP的ABCB11基因的mRNA表达有关。

锁阳中19种无机元素的NIR快速测定模型的建立与适宜测定元素筛选

目的:建立锁阳中19种无机元素含量的近红外光谱(NIR)快速测定模型,筛选适宜采用NIR技术进行测定的元素。方法:采集5个省(区)的82批锁阳样品,采用积分球漫反射方式采集样品的NIR原始光谱,采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱(ICP-MS)法测定Na、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Mn、Co、Sr、Ni、Ag、Ba、Ti、Pb、Cr、Cd、As、Hg、Cu等19种无机元素含量的化学参考值,筛选预处理原始光谱的化学计量学方法,筛选最佳波段及因子数,以偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立NIR定量分析模型。结果:K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Co、Sr、Ti、Cr元素的决定系数R^(2)及交叉验证R^(2)均大于0.9,校正均方差(RMSEC)、预测均方差(RMSEP)及留一法交叉验证均方差(RMSECV)在0.52~2.20之间,模型预测值与真实值之间具有较好的相关性,预测性能较好;Ni、Zn元素的决定系数R^(2)及交叉验证R^(2)在0.8~0.9之间,RMSEC、RMSEP及RMSECV在0.49~1.41之间,预测值与真实值之间的相关性一般;Cu元素的决定系数R^(2)及交叉验证R^(2)在0.7~0.8之间,Na、Fe、Ag、Ba、Pb、Cd、As、Hg元素的决定系数R^(2)及交叉验证R^(2)均小于0.7,此9种元素的RMSEC、RMSEP及RMSECV在1.13~10.75之间,预测值与真实值之间的相关性较差。K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Co、Sr、Ti、Cr等8种元素的模型预测值和真实值之间的相对误差在0.04%~7.62%之间,平均预测回收率在94.12%~108.45%之间,预测值与真实值之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:锁阳中K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Co、Sr、Ti、Cr元素含量适宜采用NIR技术进行快速测定。

肉苁蓉干膏粉致畸性毒性实验研究

目的通过动物实验观察肉苁蓉干膏粉是否有致畸作用,初步确定不引起致畸作用的NOAEL值,为安全食用和相关产品开发提供参考。方法雌雄SD大鼠按1︰2合笼,查见阴栓当天为妊娠第0天,此后1 d为第1天。完全随机法将交配成功的雌鼠分入阴性对照组、1250 mg/kg、2500 mg/kg、5000 mg/kg、阳性对照组(环磷酰胺,15 mg/kg)5组,每组不少于18只。孕第6~15 d,剂量组以10 ml/kg经口灌胃给予受试物、阴性对照组灌胃给予相同体积蒸馏水、阳性组于孕第12天按2 ml/kg体重腹腔注射环磷酰胺1次。第0、6、9、12、15、20天称量体重,调整灌胃量。妊娠第20天,孕鼠称重后行安乐死,取出子宫,称子宫连胎鼠总重,摘除卵巢称重并计数黄体数,剖开子宫记录总着床数、活胎数、死胎数、吸收胎数,取出活胎仔称重、量体长、逐个检查外观,取下胎盘称重。将1/2活胎鼠放入鲍氏液中固定两周,检查脏器发育情况;其余活胎鼠去内脏,经固定、染色、透明后以检查骨骼发育情况。结果环磷酰胺组孕鼠增重显著低于阴性对照组(P=0.000),死胎发生率显著高于阴性对照组(P=0.000),胎仔平均体重及平均身长均显著低于阴性对照组(P=0.000、0.000),外观畸形、骨骼畸形及内脏畸形窝发生率均显著高于阴性对照组(χ^(2)=38.000、10286、18.000,P=0.000、0.001、0.000),提示试验系统及操作可靠。第0天(χ^(2)=5.664,P=0.227)、6天(F=0.906,P=0.464)、9天(F=1.098,P=0.363)、12天(F=1.081,P=0.371)、15天(F=0.627,P=0.644)孕鼠体重和体重净增重比较,组间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.790,P=0.215)。各剂量组第20天体重及体重增重与阴性对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P=1.000、1.000、1.000,0.670、0.518、0.340)。窝平均活胎数(χ^(2)=1.869,P=0.760)、黄体数(χ^(2)=6.230,P=0.183)、吸收胎发生率(χ^(2)=1.109,P=0.894)组间差异无统计学意义;着床数(χ^(2)=9.964,P=0.041)、胎仔平均体重(χ^(2)=48.968,P=0.000)、胎仔平均身长(χ^(2)=48.264,P=0.000)、死胎发生率(χ^(2)=196.912,P=0.000)组间差异均有统计学意义,但各剂量组着床数、胎仔平均体重、胎仔平均身长、死胎发生率与阴性对照组差异无统计学意义(P=1.000、1.000、0.592,0.553、0.389、0.193,0.928、0.650、0.518,0.758、0.221、0.863)。2500 mg/kg体重组观察到1例短指,剂量组未观察到其它类型外观畸形;阴性对照组、1250 mg/kg、2500 mg/kg和5000 mg/kg体重组胸骨骨化不全发生率分别为15.2%、21.3%、20.0%和25.0%,组间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.421,P=0.332);剂量组未观察到胎仔内脏发育异常。结论肉苁蓉干膏粉无母体毒性,对SD大鼠胎仔发育无抑制作用,无致畸性毒性作用,不引起致畸作用NOAEL值为5000 mg/kg体重。

基于网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨三七-淫羊藿治疗股骨头坏死的作用机制

目的运用网络药理学和分子对接技术探究三七-淫羊藿治疗股骨头坏死(ONFH)的作用机制。方法通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台筛选三七-淫羊藿的活性成分及其作用靶点,利用GeneCards®数据库、OMIM®数据库筛选ONFH的相关靶点,取交集后获得三七-淫羊藿治疗ONFH的潜在作用靶点。通过Cytoscape软件构建药物-活性成分-作用靶点网络,筛选关键活性成分。通过STRING数据库和Cytoscape软件构建蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络,筛选核心靶点。使用DAVID数据库对潜在作用靶点进行功能富集分析和通路富集分析。最后,对关键活性成分与核心靶点蛋白进行分子对接验证。结果最终获得三七-淫羊藿活性成分30个及其作用靶点214个,ONFH的相关靶点2112个。取交集后得到三七-淫羊藿治疗ONFH的潜在作用靶点131个。槲皮素、木犀草素、山柰酚、脱水淫羊藿素为三七-淫羊藿治疗ONFH的关键活性成分,蛋白激酶B1、血管内皮生长因子A、原癌基因c-Jun、肿瘤蛋白p53、白细胞介素1β为三七-淫羊藿治疗ONFH的核心靶点。三七-淫羊藿治疗ONFH的潜在作用靶点主要涉及对脂多糖的反应、对外来刺激的反应、细胞缺氧反应等生物过程,以及白细胞介素17信号通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路、糖尿病并发症中的晚期糖基化终末产物-晚期糖基化终末产物受体信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B信号通路等信号通路。分子对接结果显示,关键活性成分与核心靶点蛋白均具有较好的结合活性(结合能≤-5 kcal/mol)。结论三七-淫羊藿治疗ONFH的作用机制可能与调控免疫-炎症反应、调控破骨细胞与成骨细胞的凋亡和分化、改善血运等有关。

高效液相色谱法测定藏药翼首草药材中10种成分的含量

目的:建立一种高效液相色谱法同时测定藏药翼首草药材中10个成分的含量方法。方法:采用SWELL Chomplus^(R) C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为0.2%磷酸水溶液-乙腈梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃;采用237、325 nm双波长检测;进样量10μL。结果:目标成分在各自检测范围内表现出良好的线性关系(r>0.9990),平均加样回收率和相对标准差分别为96.79%-103.69%、RSD 1.08%-4.14%。结论:该方法具有精密稳定,简便快速、重复性良好的特点,可作为翼首草质量检测和控制的有效手段。

马鞭草苯乙醇苷类成分研究

目的研究马鞭草Verbenae Herba的苯乙醇苷类成分。方法马鞭草80%乙醇提取物采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、TLC、半制备HPLC进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。结果从中分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为verbofficoside A(1)、肉苁蓉苷D(2)、广防风苷A(3)、毛蕊花糖苷(4)、异毛蕊花糖苷(5)、肉苁蓉苷C(6)、肉苁蓉苷F(7)、去咖啡酰基毛蕊花苷(8)、jionoside C(9)。结论化合物1为新化合物,化合物3、6~9均首次从该植物中分离得到。

2000-2023年蒲公英研究热点及趋势可视化分析

目的采用文献计量学方法对蒲公英相关研究进行可视化分析,了解该领域研究现况、热点及趋势,为相关研究及临床应用提供参考。方法检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)、中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)2000年1月1日-2023年10月25日收录的蒲公英相关研究文献。利用NoteExpress3.9软件整理文献题录,通过CiteSpace6.2.R5软件对作者、研究机构及关键词进行可视化分析。结果经筛选,共纳入1286篇文献,年发文量整体呈上升趋势;来源期刊518种,发文最多的是《时珍国医国药》(33篇);涉及作者724位,发文最多的是李喜凤(24篇),核心作者包括李喜凤、杜云锋、郝哲等;主要研究机构有河南中医药大学、延边大学、佳木斯大学等;高频关键词有“蒲公英”“咖啡酸”“黄酮”“绿原酸”“中药”等,研究前沿涉及乳腺癌、炎症因子、蒲公英根、增殖、抗氧化等。结论蒲公英目前研究热点主要集中在化学成分、作用机制、配伍应用、疾病治疗4个方面。该领域研究趋势是对化学成分深入研究,完善相关作用机制,并将蒲公英用于临床疾病治疗。

基于高效液相色谱法的蒲公英指纹图谱研究

本试验旨在建立蒲公英的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,并将其应用于不同批次的蒲公英样品检测。采用Waters Atlantis®T3(250.0 mm×4.6 mm,5.0µm)色谱柱,流动相为0.1%甲酸溶液(含0.05%三乙胺)-乙腈,梯度洗脱;检测波长为325 nm;流速为1 mL/min;柱温30℃。方法学考察合格后,检测15批蒲公英样品,用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统建立指纹图谱,进行相似度评价;以保留时间和最大吸收波长为参考标准,鉴定色谱峰;用SPSS 20.0软件进行聚类分析和主成分分析。结果显示,本试验成功建立了蒲公英的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,15批蒲公英样品的相似度为0.611~0.999,共标定出15个共有峰,通过对照品指认了其中5个峰,分别为单咖啡酰酒石酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、菊苣酸和异绿原酸A。聚类分析将15批蒲公英样品分为3类,主成分分析后15个共有峰被分为5个主成分。本试验对样品中各色谱峰的光谱吸收特点进行了比对,与现有其他方法比较,该方法快速可靠,稳定性和重复性良好,可为蒲公英的质量评价提供参考。