Two new flavone glycosides, isoetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2′-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside （1） and isoetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2′-O-α-D-glucopyranoside （2）, a new lignan, mongolicumin A （3）, and a new guaian...Two new flavone glycosides, isoetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2′-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside （1） and isoetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2′-O-α-D-glucopyranoside （2）, a new lignan, mongolicumin A （3）, and a new guaianolide, mongolicumin B （4） were isolated from the aerial part of Taraxacum mongolicum. Their structures were elucidated mainly by spectral analyses.展开更多
Kazakh dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz, Tk) is a rubber-producing plant currently being investigated as a source of natural rubber for industrial applications. Like many other isoprenoids, rubber is a downstream produ...Kazakh dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz, Tk) is a rubber-producing plant currently being investigated as a source of natural rubber for industrial applications. Like many other isoprenoids, rubber is a downstream product of the mevalonate pathway. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) enzyme catalyzes the conversion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA to mevalonic acid, a key regulatory step in the MVA pathway. Such regulated steps provide targets for increases in isoprenoid and rubber contents via genetic engineering to increase enzyme activities. In this study, we identify a TkHMGR1 gene that is highly expressed in the roots of Kazakh dandelion, the main tissue where rubber is synthesized and stored. This finding paves the way for further molecular and genetic studies of the TkHMGR1 gene, and its role in rubber biosynthesis in Tk and other rubber-producing plants.展开更多
AIM: Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TO on cholecystokinin (CCK)-octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis ...AIM: Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TO on cholecystokinin (CCK)-octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.METHODS: TO at 10 mg/kg was orally administered, followed by 75 μg/kg CCK octapeptide injected subcutaneously three times after 1, 3 and 5 h. This whole procedure was repeated for 5 d. We determined the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, the levels of pancreatic HSP60 and HSP72, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Repeated CCK octapeptide treatment resulted in typical laboratory and morphological changes of experimentally-induced pancreatitis.RESULTS: TO significantly decreased the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio in CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis. TO also increased the pancreatic levels of HSP60 and HSP72. Additionally, the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased in the animals treated with TO.CONCLUSION: TO may have a protective effect against CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis.展开更多
Nowadays,natural rubber(NR)is an indispensable material for industrial production and peoples’daily utilization.The root of Taraxacum kok-saghyz(TKS)contains a large amount of NR,which is potentially to be an alterna...Nowadays,natural rubber(NR)is an indispensable material for industrial production and peoples’daily utilization.The root of Taraxacum kok-saghyz(TKS)contains a large amount of NR,which is potentially to be an alternative rubber source of conventional Hevea brasiliensis(HB).In order to find a convenient,fast and green method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of NR in TKS,a pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometric(Py-GCMS)method was developed accordingly.The results indicated that the main products of TKS rubber after pyrolysis were isoprene and limonene,respectively,and the limit of detection(LOD)of TKS rubber was 2.603 mg/g.The ratios of NR mass fractions in TKSs by Py-GC-MS ranged from 1.20%±0.20%to 8.61%±0.28%.The developed method has been used for determination of actual TKS samples and can be further applied to the field test for rapid breeding and large-scale cultivation of TKS thereof.展开更多
Taraxacum kok-saghyz(TKS)is rich in natural rubber(NR),a natural organic macromolecular compound composed of cis-1,4-polyisoprene,and may become the second NR-bearing plant for biochemical engineering development.In t...Taraxacum kok-saghyz(TKS)is rich in natural rubber(NR),a natural organic macromolecular compound composed of cis-1,4-polyisoprene,and may become the second NR-bearing plant for biochemical engineering development.In this paper,a rapid and quantitative ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLCMS/MS)method was established for determination of macromolecular biosynthesis substrate(dimethylallyl pyrophosphate,DMAPP)and initiator(farnesyl pyrophosphate,FPP)contained in TKS.A Kromasil C18 chromatographic column was used for separation,and the multi-reaction monitoring mode(MRM)of triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was used for detection.Quantification was performed by external calibration method.The results showed that the limit of detection(LOD)and the limit of quantitation(LOQ)of DMAPP were 2.42μg/L and 7.26μg/L,respectively,and the LOQ and the LOD of FPP were 1.02μg/L and 3.05μg/L,respectively.At a concentration of 1—1000μg/L,both analytes had good determination coefficients(>0.999)of calibration curve.The recoveries of DMAPP and FPP were between 99.0%and 117.1%.In real samples detection,the contents of DMAPP and FPP in TKS samples were between 23.32—82.77μg/L and 12.03—85.67μg/L,respectively.Thus,this approach is a reliable method to quantify DMAPP and FPP in TKS.展开更多
I tested whether elevated [CO2] affected which genotypes of Taraxacum officinale had highest fitness in two field experiments. In one experiment, T. officinale plants which persisted as weeds in alfalfa plots in open ...I tested whether elevated [CO2] affected which genotypes of Taraxacum officinale had highest fitness in two field experiments. In one experiment, T. officinale plants which persisted as weeds in alfalfa plots in open top chambers at ambient and elevated [CO2] were compared. In a second experiment, T. officinale seeds collected from local habitats were mixed and scattered in open top chambers at ambient and elevated [CO2], and plants producing seeds after one and two years in monocultures were compared. In both experiments seeds produced in each chamber were collected, and many plants from the seed lot from each chamber were grown in controlled environment chambers to test whether the [CO2] of the chamber of origin affected the mean value of various plant parameters. In both experiments, the results indicated that field exposure to elevated [CO2] altered the relative fitness of genotypes. Elevated [CO2] favored genotypes which produced biomass more rapidly at elevated [CO2] in both experiments, primarily because of faster rates of leaf initiation. The results suggest that genotypes of this species vary widely in fitness at elevated [CO2] whether grown in monocultures or in mixed communities, and that this species could adapt rapidly to rising atmospheric [CO2].展开更多
Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-relate...Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-related deaths. Taraxacum officinale (TO) known else as Dandelion, exerts many promising activities, like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor etc. It demonstrated its effectiveness in case of many types of tumors, through different mechanisms of cytotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to determine the TO leaves and roots extracts influence on tumor glioblastoma cells line U-138 viability. Material and Methods: TO dry leaves and roots were extracted by DMSO, ethanol, and water. U-138 MG (Cell Lines Service) glioblastoma cells viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipheny-ltetrazolium bromide test. TO’s influence was compared with Doxorubicin activity. Results: All TO extracts suppressed the tumor cells viability. The greatest inhibitory influence on glial cells viability was shown by TO roots extracts made in 80% ethanol (50,000 μg/L - 8.49 ± 1.04) and Doxorubicin (54350 μg/L - 8.64 ± 1.65). The lowest influence on astrocytes was determined in case of Doxorubicin at concentration of 1.28 μg/L (96.6 ± 2.76). Conclusions: Taraxacum officinale is a promising source of many substances with multiple benefits for humans. The exercised actions depend on type of extractant and plants’ part. The greatest influence on glial tumors had the extract of roots made in ethanol of 80%. Further investigations are needed to explore the precise composition of the TO extracts, the importance of individual components and of their combination in neoplasms treatment and/or prevention.展开更多
文摘Two new flavone glycosides, isoetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2′-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside （1） and isoetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2′-O-α-D-glucopyranoside （2）, a new lignan, mongolicumin A （3）, and a new guaianolide, mongolicumin B （4） were isolated from the aerial part of Taraxacum mongolicum. Their structures were elucidated mainly by spectral analyses.
文摘Kazakh dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz, Tk) is a rubber-producing plant currently being investigated as a source of natural rubber for industrial applications. Like many other isoprenoids, rubber is a downstream product of the mevalonate pathway. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) enzyme catalyzes the conversion of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA to mevalonic acid, a key regulatory step in the MVA pathway. Such regulated steps provide targets for increases in isoprenoid and rubber contents via genetic engineering to increase enzyme activities. In this study, we identify a TkHMGR1 gene that is highly expressed in the roots of Kazakh dandelion, the main tissue where rubber is synthesized and stored. This finding paves the way for further molecular and genetic studies of the TkHMGR1 gene, and its role in rubber biosynthesis in Tk and other rubber-producing plants.
文摘AIM: Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been frequently used as a remedy for inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TO on cholecystokinin (CCK)-octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.METHODS: TO at 10 mg/kg was orally administered, followed by 75 μg/kg CCK octapeptide injected subcutaneously three times after 1, 3 and 5 h. This whole procedure was repeated for 5 d. We determined the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio, the levels of pancreatic HSP60 and HSP72, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Repeated CCK octapeptide treatment resulted in typical laboratory and morphological changes of experimentally-induced pancreatitis.RESULTS: TO significantly decreased the pancreatic weight/body weight ratio in CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis. TO also increased the pancreatic levels of HSP60 and HSP72. Additionally, the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α decreased in the animals treated with TO.CONCLUSION: TO may have a protective effect against CCK octapeptide-induced acute pancreatitis.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51673012)National Key Research and Development Plan Fund(No.2017YFB0306901,2016YFF0203703-03)the Beijing Technology and Business University Youth Scholar Funds(No.PXM2019_014213_000007).
文摘Nowadays,natural rubber(NR)is an indispensable material for industrial production and peoples’daily utilization.The root of Taraxacum kok-saghyz(TKS)contains a large amount of NR,which is potentially to be an alternative rubber source of conventional Hevea brasiliensis(HB).In order to find a convenient,fast and green method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of NR in TKS,a pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometric(Py-GCMS)method was developed accordingly.The results indicated that the main products of TKS rubber after pyrolysis were isoprene and limonene,respectively,and the limit of detection(LOD)of TKS rubber was 2.603 mg/g.The ratios of NR mass fractions in TKSs by Py-GC-MS ranged from 1.20%±0.20%to 8.61%±0.28%.The developed method has been used for determination of actual TKS samples and can be further applied to the field test for rapid breeding and large-scale cultivation of TKS thereof.
基金the supports of the National Key Research and Development of BioBased Rubber(2017YFB0306900&2017YFB0306901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51673012)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(PYBZ1828)the Beijing Technology and Business Universtiy Youth Scholoars Funds(PXM2019014213000007)。
文摘Taraxacum kok-saghyz(TKS)is rich in natural rubber(NR),a natural organic macromolecular compound composed of cis-1,4-polyisoprene,and may become the second NR-bearing plant for biochemical engineering development.In this paper,a rapid and quantitative ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLCMS/MS)method was established for determination of macromolecular biosynthesis substrate(dimethylallyl pyrophosphate,DMAPP)and initiator(farnesyl pyrophosphate,FPP)contained in TKS.A Kromasil C18 chromatographic column was used for separation,and the multi-reaction monitoring mode(MRM)of triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was used for detection.Quantification was performed by external calibration method.The results showed that the limit of detection(LOD)and the limit of quantitation(LOQ)of DMAPP were 2.42μg/L and 7.26μg/L,respectively,and the LOQ and the LOD of FPP were 1.02μg/L and 3.05μg/L,respectively.At a concentration of 1—1000μg/L,both analytes had good determination coefficients(>0.999)of calibration curve.The recoveries of DMAPP and FPP were between 99.0%and 117.1%.In real samples detection,the contents of DMAPP and FPP in TKS samples were between 23.32—82.77μg/L and 12.03—85.67μg/L,respectively.Thus,this approach is a reliable method to quantify DMAPP and FPP in TKS.
文摘I tested whether elevated [CO2] affected which genotypes of Taraxacum officinale had highest fitness in two field experiments. In one experiment, T. officinale plants which persisted as weeds in alfalfa plots in open top chambers at ambient and elevated [CO2] were compared. In a second experiment, T. officinale seeds collected from local habitats were mixed and scattered in open top chambers at ambient and elevated [CO2], and plants producing seeds after one and two years in monocultures were compared. In both experiments seeds produced in each chamber were collected, and many plants from the seed lot from each chamber were grown in controlled environment chambers to test whether the [CO2] of the chamber of origin affected the mean value of various plant parameters. In both experiments, the results indicated that field exposure to elevated [CO2] altered the relative fitness of genotypes. Elevated [CO2] favored genotypes which produced biomass more rapidly at elevated [CO2] in both experiments, primarily because of faster rates of leaf initiation. The results suggest that genotypes of this species vary widely in fitness at elevated [CO2] whether grown in monocultures or in mixed communities, and that this species could adapt rapidly to rising atmospheric [CO2].
文摘Background: In spite of the progress that has been made towards development of many drugs, the accompanying toxicities and side effects sustain that further studies are required to reduce the incidence of tumor-related deaths. Taraxacum officinale (TO) known else as Dandelion, exerts many promising activities, like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor etc. It demonstrated its effectiveness in case of many types of tumors, through different mechanisms of cytotoxicity. The aim of the present study was to determine the TO leaves and roots extracts influence on tumor glioblastoma cells line U-138 viability. Material and Methods: TO dry leaves and roots were extracted by DMSO, ethanol, and water. U-138 MG (Cell Lines Service) glioblastoma cells viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dipheny-ltetrazolium bromide test. TO’s influence was compared with Doxorubicin activity. Results: All TO extracts suppressed the tumor cells viability. The greatest inhibitory influence on glial cells viability was shown by TO roots extracts made in 80% ethanol (50,000 μg/L - 8.49 ± 1.04) and Doxorubicin (54350 μg/L - 8.64 ± 1.65). The lowest influence on astrocytes was determined in case of Doxorubicin at concentration of 1.28 μg/L (96.6 ± 2.76). Conclusions: Taraxacum officinale is a promising source of many substances with multiple benefits for humans. The exercised actions depend on type of extractant and plants’ part. The greatest influence on glial tumors had the extract of roots made in ethanol of 80%. Further investigations are needed to explore the precise composition of the TO extracts, the importance of individual components and of their combination in neoplasms treatment and/or prevention.
