53 pollen traps and surface samples were collected in order to detect the characteristics of pollen assemblages and their relationships with vegetation and climate in 16 forest communities located in 10 mountains in n...53 pollen traps and surface samples were collected in order to detect the characteristics of pollen assemblages and their relationships with vegetation and climate in 16 forest communities located in 10 mountains in northern China. The results show that 72% of the pollen taxa (80 taxa) are the same between the traps and the surface samples. The dominant taxa in the plant communities are consistent with the main pollen taxa in the pollen assemblages at the same sites. In Pinus plant communities, both Pinus pollen influx and concentration are higher, indicating the high pollen productivity and good pollen preservation ability of Pinus. In Picea and Abies plant communities, Picea and Abies have lower pollen influxes but higher concentrations, suggesting their low pollen productivities but better pollen preservation abilities. In Betula and Quercus plant communities, Betula and Quercus have higher pollen influxes but lower concentrations, revealing their high pollen productivities but poor pollen preservation abilities. The study of relationships between pollen and vegetation with discriminant analysis shows that pollen assemblages from both trap and surface samples can reflect the characteristics of different communities and distinguish different ecological areas, but surface samples can reflect the dominant components of communities much better than the traps. The study on correlations between pollen assemblages and climate with DCCA reveals that significant correlations exist between pollen assemblages and mean temperature of the coldest month (r = 0.84 for trap samples, r = 0.72 for surface samples), and then annual mean precipitation (r = 0.73 for trap samples, r = 0.71 for surface samples).展开更多
In this paper, the capability of neural networks and some approximation problens in system identification with neural networks are investigated. Some results are given: (i) For any function g ∈Llocp (R1) ∩S’ (R1) t...In this paper, the capability of neural networks and some approximation problens in system identification with neural networks are investigated. Some results are given: (i) For any function g ∈Llocp (R1) ∩S’ (R1) to be an Lp-Tauber-Wiener function, it is necessary and sufficient that g is not apolynomial; (ii) If g∈(Lp TW), then the set of is dense in Lp(K)’ (iii) It is proved that bycompositions of some functions of one variable, one can approximate continuous functional defined on compact Lp(K) and continuous operators from compact Lp1(K1) to LP2(K2). These results confirm the capability of neural networks in identifying dynamic systems.展开更多
In this paper we discuss the error function △_k(x) in the problem of distribution of k-fullintegers. Under the Riemann hypothesis, an asymptotic formula for the mean-value of △_k(x)is given.
基金Preliminary Special Foundation for National Key Basic Research of China, No.2003CCA01800Key National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40730103+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40672107 No.40571166Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, No.D2008000186 No.D2009000300
文摘53 pollen traps and surface samples were collected in order to detect the characteristics of pollen assemblages and their relationships with vegetation and climate in 16 forest communities located in 10 mountains in northern China. The results show that 72% of the pollen taxa (80 taxa) are the same between the traps and the surface samples. The dominant taxa in the plant communities are consistent with the main pollen taxa in the pollen assemblages at the same sites. In Pinus plant communities, both Pinus pollen influx and concentration are higher, indicating the high pollen productivity and good pollen preservation ability of Pinus. In Picea and Abies plant communities, Picea and Abies have lower pollen influxes but higher concentrations, suggesting their low pollen productivities but better pollen preservation abilities. In Betula and Quercus plant communities, Betula and Quercus have higher pollen influxes but lower concentrations, revealing their high pollen productivities but poor pollen preservation abilities. The study of relationships between pollen and vegetation with discriminant analysis shows that pollen assemblages from both trap and surface samples can reflect the characteristics of different communities and distinguish different ecological areas, but surface samples can reflect the dominant components of communities much better than the traps. The study on correlations between pollen assemblages and climate with DCCA reveals that significant correlations exist between pollen assemblages and mean temperature of the coldest month (r = 0.84 for trap samples, r = 0.72 for surface samples), and then annual mean precipitation (r = 0.73 for trap samples, r = 0.71 for surface samples).
基金Project supported by the Climbing Programme-National Key Project for Fundamental Research in China, Grant NSC 92092 and NSF 19371022
文摘In this paper, the capability of neural networks and some approximation problens in system identification with neural networks are investigated. Some results are given: (i) For any function g ∈Llocp (R1) ∩S’ (R1) to be an Lp-Tauber-Wiener function, it is necessary and sufficient that g is not apolynomial; (ii) If g∈(Lp TW), then the set of is dense in Lp(K)’ (iii) It is proved that bycompositions of some functions of one variable, one can approximate continuous functional defined on compact Lp(K) and continuous operators from compact Lp1(K1) to LP2(K2). These results confirm the capability of neural networks in identifying dynamic systems.
基金Project supported by the Natonal Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘In this paper we discuss the error function △_k(x) in the problem of distribution of k-fullintegers. Under the Riemann hypothesis, an asymptotic formula for the mean-value of △_k(x)is given.
