Using the data of China's listed companies during 2010-2014 as samples, this paper employs the PSM and DID methods to respectively investigate the effects of BTto-VAT reform on the turnover tax burden for companie...Using the data of China's listed companies during 2010-2014 as samples, this paper employs the PSM and DID methods to respectively investigate the effects of BTto-VAT reform on the turnover tax burden for companies in pilot regions(Shanghai and eight other provinces and municipalities) and the rest of China. Our study arrived at the following findings: Compared with pilot sectors in non-pilot regions, BT-to-VAT reform has no significant effect on the turnover tax burden of pilot companies in pilot regions; compared with non-pilot companies, BT-to-VAT reform slightly increased the turnover tax burden in the short run and somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden for pilot companies in the long run. Further differentiation of ownership nature led to the discovery that BT-toVAT reform somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden of SOEs and central SOEs, slightly increased the turnover tax burden for non-SOEs and local SOEs in pilot regions, slightly increased the turnover tax burden in the short run and somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden in the long run after nationwide pilot programs were introduced; BT-to-VAT reform has more significant effects on non-SOEs and local SOEs. In general, BT-to-VAT reform has no significant effects on the turnover tax burden of companies and after differentiating pilot regions, pilot sectors and ownership nature, we did not discover any significant effect, which is generally consistent with policy expectations.展开更多
After reviewing relevant theories,this article uses Barro’s tax-smoothing model to present an empirical analysis on China’s excess tax burden.Whilst providing an explanation for the abnormally high growth of tax rev...After reviewing relevant theories,this article uses Barro’s tax-smoothing model to present an empirical analysis on China’s excess tax burden.Whilst providing an explanation for the abnormally high growth of tax revenue,the author suggests further improvements to the tax regime,and in light of current tax policies and the new round of tax reforms,puts forward policy recommendations on how to realize tax-smoothing and reduce the excess tax burden for higher economic efficiency.展开更多
It is of great practical significance to analyze the differences of actual tax burden value-added tax(VAT)from the perspective of industrial linkage for accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system and ...It is of great practical significance to analyze the differences of actual tax burden value-added tax(VAT)from the perspective of industrial linkage for accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system and promoting the formation of a new development pattern.This paper explains the differences and causes of the actual VAT tax burden in the manufacturing industry from the perspective of industrial linkage.According to the research results,the closer the intermediate input connection between an industry and other industries,the lower the actual VAT tax burden it bears.The characteristics of production network have a moderating effect on the relationship between the linkage of the manufacturing industries and the actual VAT tax burden.For the industries in the center of the production network,a stable backward linkage weakens the influence of industrial linkage on their actual tax burden.It is difficult for industries located in the spillover block to reduce their tax burden by adjusting the linkage of intermediate goods.In addition,highly linked manufacturing enterprises can also reduce their actual VAT tax burden by tax avoidance,tax shifting,adjusting the types of intermediate inputs and so on.Smoothing the domestic production network of the manufacturing industry and optimizing the VAT burden bearing mechanism of each manufacturing sub-industry will help promote the stable growth of the manufacturing industry and healthy development of the macro economy in China.展开更多
The influence of taxation on the economy and society is everywhere. Given the fact that CO_(2) emission is closely connected with human activities, the question naturally arises whether the tax burden affects the carb...The influence of taxation on the economy and society is everywhere. Given the fact that CO_(2) emission is closely connected with human activities, the question naturally arises whether the tax burden affects the carbon emissions. To address this issue, based on the data of 21 OECD countries over the period from 1991–2014, we use the ratio of tax revenue to GDP as a proxy of the tax burden and employ a panel quantile model with the non-additive fixed effects for analysis. The results suggest that the impact of the tax burden on carbon emissions is heterogeneous across countries based on the level of carbon emissions. Moreover, we find a stable U-shaped relationship between the tax burden and carbon emissions whether for countries with a high or low level of carbon emissions. Our findings suggest that moderate taxes could help reduce carbon emissions, but the effect of excessive taxation is the opposite.展开更多
In March 2009, Forbes magazine produced a Tax Misery Index list, listing countries in descending order and evaluating the harshness of the taxes imposed in 50 countries it selected.
The Chinese Government’s recent economic stimulus measures are attracting much attention because of its plan to increase people’s incomes and alleviate enterprises and residents’ economic burden.
Investigating the indirect tax burden of residents is an important way of understanding the effect of tax on income distribution and the tax burden transfer.In this paper,a long term MRIO model is constructed by using...Investigating the indirect tax burden of residents is an important way of understanding the effect of tax on income distribution and the tax burden transfer.In this paper,a long term MRIO model is constructed by using the regional input-output tables in China.We simulate the flow of valueadded tax,consumption tax and business tax in different departments of 30 provinces(except Tibet)in China's Mainland from the perspective of rows in the IO table,we obtain the real burden of three indirect taxes on urban residents,and discuss the transfer of tax burden among regions.The conclusions are as follows:There are large differences in tax burden among regions.The real tax burden shifted from the eastern region to the middle and the western regions.Indirect tax aggravates the income inequality of urban residents in different regions.The indirect tax in China has a certain degree of regression.Based on the empirical analysis,we think the government should make the following policy changes:1)Giving more consideration to the consumption terminals;2)Adjusting preferential policies of regional taxation;3)Increasing the amount of preferential policies for the western region.展开更多
基金National Accounting Research Key Project of the Ministry of Finance"A study on the Supervision and Governance Functions,Implementing Pathway and Promotion Mechanism of Audits(Grant No.2015KJA017)"General Project of Hunan Provincial Foundation for Philosophical,Social and Scientific Research"Study on the Supervision and Governance Functions of Audits in the New Normal"(Grant No.l5YBA079)Social Sciences Foundation of China(SSFC)"A study on the Supervision of Asset Mispricing,the Mitigation of Systematic Financial Risks and Dynamic Supervision"(Grant No.l6BGL050)
文摘Using the data of China's listed companies during 2010-2014 as samples, this paper employs the PSM and DID methods to respectively investigate the effects of BTto-VAT reform on the turnover tax burden for companies in pilot regions(Shanghai and eight other provinces and municipalities) and the rest of China. Our study arrived at the following findings: Compared with pilot sectors in non-pilot regions, BT-to-VAT reform has no significant effect on the turnover tax burden of pilot companies in pilot regions; compared with non-pilot companies, BT-to-VAT reform slightly increased the turnover tax burden in the short run and somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden for pilot companies in the long run. Further differentiation of ownership nature led to the discovery that BT-toVAT reform somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden of SOEs and central SOEs, slightly increased the turnover tax burden for non-SOEs and local SOEs in pilot regions, slightly increased the turnover tax burden in the short run and somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden in the long run after nationwide pilot programs were introduced; BT-to-VAT reform has more significant effects on non-SOEs and local SOEs. In general, BT-to-VAT reform has no significant effects on the turnover tax burden of companies and after differentiating pilot regions, pilot sectors and ownership nature, we did not discover any significant effect, which is generally consistent with policy expectations.
文摘After reviewing relevant theories,this article uses Barro’s tax-smoothing model to present an empirical analysis on China’s excess tax burden.Whilst providing an explanation for the abnormally high growth of tax revenue,the author suggests further improvements to the tax regime,and in light of current tax policies and the new round of tax reforms,puts forward policy recommendations on how to realize tax-smoothing and reduce the excess tax burden for higher economic efficiency.
基金the major project supported by the National Social Science Fund(21&ZD096)the project supported by the National Social Science Fund(22VRC095)the project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(2022AH040087).
文摘It is of great practical significance to analyze the differences of actual tax burden value-added tax(VAT)from the perspective of industrial linkage for accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system and promoting the formation of a new development pattern.This paper explains the differences and causes of the actual VAT tax burden in the manufacturing industry from the perspective of industrial linkage.According to the research results,the closer the intermediate input connection between an industry and other industries,the lower the actual VAT tax burden it bears.The characteristics of production network have a moderating effect on the relationship between the linkage of the manufacturing industries and the actual VAT tax burden.For the industries in the center of the production network,a stable backward linkage weakens the influence of industrial linkage on their actual tax burden.It is difficult for industries located in the spillover block to reduce their tax burden by adjusting the linkage of intermediate goods.In addition,highly linked manufacturing enterprises can also reduce their actual VAT tax burden by tax avoidance,tax shifting,adjusting the types of intermediate inputs and so on.Smoothing the domestic production network of the manufacturing industry and optimizing the VAT burden bearing mechanism of each manufacturing sub-industry will help promote the stable growth of the manufacturing industry and healthy development of the macro economy in China.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71850012,72104075,72101120)the National Social Science Fund of China(19AZD014)+2 种基金the Major Special Projects of the Department of Science and Technology of Hunan province(2018GK1020)Hunan social science achievement review committee(XSP21YBC087)Hunan University Youth Talent Program。
文摘The influence of taxation on the economy and society is everywhere. Given the fact that CO_(2) emission is closely connected with human activities, the question naturally arises whether the tax burden affects the carbon emissions. To address this issue, based on the data of 21 OECD countries over the period from 1991–2014, we use the ratio of tax revenue to GDP as a proxy of the tax burden and employ a panel quantile model with the non-additive fixed effects for analysis. The results suggest that the impact of the tax burden on carbon emissions is heterogeneous across countries based on the level of carbon emissions. Moreover, we find a stable U-shaped relationship between the tax burden and carbon emissions whether for countries with a high or low level of carbon emissions. Our findings suggest that moderate taxes could help reduce carbon emissions, but the effect of excessive taxation is the opposite.
文摘In March 2009, Forbes magazine produced a Tax Misery Index list, listing countries in descending order and evaluating the harshness of the taxes imposed in 50 countries it selected.
文摘The Chinese Government’s recent economic stimulus measures are attracting much attention because of its plan to increase people’s incomes and alleviate enterprises and residents’ economic burden.
文摘Investigating the indirect tax burden of residents is an important way of understanding the effect of tax on income distribution and the tax burden transfer.In this paper,a long term MRIO model is constructed by using the regional input-output tables in China.We simulate the flow of valueadded tax,consumption tax and business tax in different departments of 30 provinces(except Tibet)in China's Mainland from the perspective of rows in the IO table,we obtain the real burden of three indirect taxes on urban residents,and discuss the transfer of tax burden among regions.The conclusions are as follows:There are large differences in tax burden among regions.The real tax burden shifted from the eastern region to the middle and the western regions.Indirect tax aggravates the income inequality of urban residents in different regions.The indirect tax in China has a certain degree of regression.Based on the empirical analysis,we think the government should make the following policy changes:1)Giving more consideration to the consumption terminals;2)Adjusting preferential policies of regional taxation;3)Increasing the amount of preferential policies for the western region.
基金This paper was prepared for the 25th International Conference of Agricultural Economists, August 16-22, 2003, Durban, South Africa. This project is financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (70173016) and Shanxi Province Soft Science Research Program (011002). During the research, we have obtained the full support of Shanxi Province, Zhejiang Province and National Rural Fixed 0bservation Network 0ffice. We hereby show our thanks to all of them.