Self-assembled S-scheme In_(2.77)S_(4)/K^(+)-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalyst with selective O_(2) reduction pathway for efficient H_(2)O_(2) production using water and air

The development of an efficient artificial H_(2)O_(2) photosynthesis system is a challenging work using H_(2)O and O_(2) as starting materials.Herein,3D In_(2.77)S_(4) nanoflower precursor was in-situ deposited on K^(+)-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)(KCN)nanosheets using a solvothermal method,then In_(2.77)S_(4)/KCN(IS/KCN)het-erojunction with an intimate interface was obtained after a calcination process.The investigation shows that the photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2) production rate of 50IS/KCN can reach up to 1.36 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)without any sacrificial reagents under visible light irradiation,which is 9.2 times and 4.1 times higher than that of KCN and In_(2.77)S_(4)/respectively.The enhanced activity of the above composite can be mainly attributed to the S-scheme charge transfer route between KCN and In_(2.77)S_(4) according to density functional theory calculations,electron paramagnetic resonance and free radical capture tests,leading to an expanded light response range and rapid charge separation at their interface,as well as preserving the active electrons and holes for H_(2)O_(2) production.Besides,the unique 3D nanostructure and surface hydrophobicity of IS/KCN facilitate the diffusion and transportation of O_(2) around the active centers,the energy barriers of O_(2) protonation and H_(2)O_(2) desorption steps are ef-fectively reduced over the composite.In addition,this system also exhibits excellent light harvesting ability and stability.This work provides a potential strategy to explore a sustainable H_(2)O_(2) photo-synthesis pathway through the design of heterojunctions with intimate interfaces and desired reac-tion thermodynamics and kinetics.

First-Principles Investigation of Charge Transfer Mechanism of B-Doped 3C-SiC Semiconductor Material

This study delves into the charge transfer mechanism of boron (B)-doped 3C-SiC through first-principles investigations. We explore the effects of B doping on the electronic properties of 3C-SiC, focusing on a 12.5% impurity concentration. Our comprehensive analysis encompasses structural properties, electronic band structures, and charge density distributions. The optimized lattice constant and band gap energy of 3C-SiC were found to be 4.373 Å and 1.36 eV respectively, which is in agreement with previous research (Bui, 2012;Muchiri et al., 2018). Our results show that B doping narrows the band gap, enhances electrical conductivity, and influences charge transfer interactions. The charge density analysis reveals substantial interactions between B dopants and surrounding carbon atoms. This work not only enhances our understanding of the material’s electronic properties, but also highlights the importance of charge density analysis for characterizing charge transfer mechanisms and their implications in the 3C-SiC semiconductors.

Three-photon-excited fluorescence of Tb^(3+)-doped CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 glass by femtosecond laser irradiation

A near infrared to visible blue, green, and red upconversion luminescence in a Tb^3＋-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass was studied, which was excited using 800 nm femtosecond laser irradiation. The upconversion luminescence was attributed to ^5D3→^7F5, ^5D3→^7F4, ^5D3→^7F3, ^5D4→^7F6, ^5D4→^7F5, ^5D4→^7F4, and ^5D4→^7F3 transitions of Tb^3＋. The relationship between upconversion luminescence intensity and the pump power indicated that a three-photon simultaneous absorption process was dominant in this upconversion luminescence. The intense red, green, and blue upconversion luminescence of Tb^3＋-doped CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass may be potentially useful in developing three-dimensional display applications.

Cathodoluminescent properties of Tb^(3+)-doped yttria nanocrystallites

The Tb3＋-doped Y2O3 nanopowders were synthesized using the modified Pechini method. The average size of nanocrystaUites was controlled by different sintering temperatures. The structure and morphology of obtained nanopowders were examined using the XRD and SEM analyses. The Cr：Al2O3 was mixed with Th3＋：Y2O3 powders and its normalized emission was used. to measure a relative intensity of Tb3＋：Y2O3. The mixtures were electrophoretically deposited on ITO-glass slides. The cathodoluminescence spectra of obtained layers were recorded and analysed. The discussion over an influence of average grains size on phosphor efficiency was presented.

Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Ce^(3+), Tb^(3+) Co-Doped Zn_4B_6O_(13)

Green-photoluminescence material Zn4B6O13: Ce3+, Tb3+ was first synthesized by spread method of high temperature and solid state reaction, which is cubic crystal system with lattice parameters: a(0) = 0.7472 nm, V = 0.4172 nm(3), and structural properties are investigated by XRD. The excitation and emission band of Ce3+ ion single-doped in Zn4B6O13 transfer longer spectra 2.38 similar to 4.94 kk than in other matrices. Emission band of Ce3+ ion better overlaps with the F-7(6)-->(5)G(2),D-5(1),H-5(7) absorption band of Tb3+. It shows that emission of Tb3+ ion is sensitized by Ce3+. In Zn4B6O13:Ce3+, Tb3+, it is due to the energy transfer mechanism, resonance transfer of electric multipolar interaction of the dipole-dipole between Ce3+-->Ce3+ and Ce3+-->Tb3+. The color coordinates of Zn4B6O13: X 0.281, gamma = 0.619. The mean diameter of the particles is 0.23 mum.

Ethanol-driven Room-temperature Synthesis of Potential Green-emitting Phosphors： a Case Study of Tb^3＋-doped CaHPO4

A novel green nanophosphor CaHPO4：Tb3＋ was synthesized via a room-temperatureco-precipitation route driven by ethanol solvent. X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, scanningelectron microscopy （SEM） and photoluminescence spectroscopy （PL） techniques were utilizedto characterize the structure, morphology and fluorescence performance of the obtained powders.The results demonstrated that the prepared samples were well crystallized with triclinic phaseCaHPO4 structure and particle-like morphology. Photoluminescence measurements indicated thatCaHPOa：Tb3＋ had a strong absorption peak at 370 nm and exhibited characteristic emissions withseveral sharp peaks corresponding to the transitions 5D4-7FJ （jr = 6-3） of Tb3＋. Moreover, theluminescence optimum concentration for CaHPO4：Tb3＋ was determined to be 11 mol%, whichmight be a promising green-emitting ohosohor for display applications.

Site Selective Excitation and Energy Transfer in LiKGdF_5 Crystal Co-doped with Er^(3+) and Tb (3+)

Crystals of LiKGdF 5∶Er 3+, Tb 3+ grown by the hydrothermal synthesis technique with concentrations of 2% and 0.4% were analysed. By using site selective excitation measured at low temperature, luminescence and excitation spectra from Er 3+ and Tb 3+ ions embedded in LiKGdF 5 were clearly separated. The lifetimes of the emitting levels 4S 3/2 of Er 3+ and 5D 4 of Tb 3+ were also determined. Following the site selective spectroscopy study, the dominant energy transfer process from Tb 3+ to Er 3+ in the crystal was then investigated via transient experiments.

Long Lasting Phosphorescence and Photo-Stimulated Long Lasting Phosphorescence in Tb^(3+)-doped Strontium Borosilicate Glasses

Long lasting phosphorescence （LLP） and photo-stimulated long lasting phosphorescence （PSLLP） were observed in Tb^3＋-doped strontium borosilicate glasses. The green phosphorescence arises fromf-f transitions of Tb^3＋ and can be observed with naked eyes in the dark for up to 10 hours after the irradiation with a UV lamp （λmax =254 nm） for 30 min at room temperature. The glass could re-emit LLP under the stimulation of a UV lamp （λmax=366 rim） for 60 seconds after the LLP disappeared. The re-emitted LLP is called PSLLP. The glass sample was characterized by the fluorescence and thermoluminescence spectra, respectively. The possible mechanism of the LLP and PSLLP was also discussed.

Synthesis and Properties of Tb^(3+)-Doped Ca_x Sr_(1- x)WO_4

Tb^(3+)-doped Ca_ x Sr_(1- x )WO_4 was prepared by solid state reaction and characterized by powder X-ray diffractometry. According to X-ray diffraction, this material belongs to tetragonal system, which is consistent with space group I4_1/a. Lattice parameters in the systems Ca_ x Sr_(1- x )WO_4 were found to vary linearly with compositions. The emission and excitation spectra were measured. The miscibility, luminescence properties of Tb^(3+)-doped Ca_ x Sr_(1- x )WO_4 and energy transfer mechanism were discussed.

Ce^(3+)-Tb^(3+)共掺杂黄磷炉渣微晶玻璃的发光与能量传递

以黄磷炉渣为原料,采用高温熔融法制备Ce^(3+)-Tb^(3+)共掺杂黄磷炉渣发光微晶玻璃,通过差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、稳态/瞬态荧光(FLS)、CIE色度等探究不同的Tb^(3+)掺杂量对微晶玻璃析出晶相、发光性能和样品色度的影响。结果表明,Ce^(3+)和Tb^(3+)的引入,微晶玻璃主晶相为硅灰石,在310 nm波长激发下,随着Tb^(3+)掺杂量增加,位于380 nm处Ce^(3+)的特征发射峰减小,543 nm处Tb^(3+)的特征发射峰增强,证实Ce^(3+)和Tb^(3+)之间存在能量传递,能量传递效率达到24.55%。此外,通过调整Tb^(3+)掺杂量,微晶玻璃发光颜色可由蓝光调至绿光,从而实现发光颜色的可控化。

用于痕量监测Zr^(4+)、Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)、Fe^(3+)、HPO_(4)^(2-)和指纹识别的功能化Eu^(3+)/Tb^(3+)配位聚合物荧光探针的构筑

采用芳香族π共轭及含氮原子有机连接剂,合成同构铽、铕发光配位聚合物(CPs){[Eu(PLIA)_(1.5)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·H_(2)O}_(n)(1)和{[Tb(PLIA)_(1.5)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·H_(2)O}_(n)(2),其中H_(2)PLIA=5-((吡啶-4-基甲基)氧基)苯-1,3-二甲酸。对合成的配合物进行了结构测定、表征和荧光痕量识别实验研究。2个同构配合物具有理想的三维框架结构,π…π堆积及氢键等弱相互作用增强了其化学稳定性;表征显示配位聚合物1和2具有良好的荧光性质、结晶性、热力学稳定性及结构完整性,可作为荧光传感的材料。1和2对水溶液中的Zr^(4+)、Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-)和Fe^(3+)、HPO_(4)^(2-)具有选择性好、灵敏度高的荧光识别能力,其检出限分别为0.139μmol·L^(-1)(1,Zr^(4+))、0.626μmol·L^(-1)(1,Cr_(2)O_(7)^(2-))、0.430μmol·L^(-1)(2,Fe^(3+))、1.36μmol·L^(-1)(2,HPO_(4)^(2-))。探究了1和2作为探针的荧光猝灭机理。更有趣的是,1和2具有指纹识别性能,其荧光指纹纹路清晰连贯,细节明显,可被清晰观察。

GdPO_(4)∶Tb^(3+)荧光粉的制备及发光性能研究

稀土Tb^(3+)掺杂磷酸钆(GdPO_(4))绿色荧光粉是实现白光LED的潜在荧光粉,其常规水热法的制备存在反应时间较长、Tb^(3+)的掺杂量偏低等问题。本文采用水热法结合高温烧结制备了一系列Gd_(1-x)PO_(4)∶xTb^(3+)(x=0、1%、5%、11%、13%、15%、17%、19%)样品,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)-能谱仪(EDS)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和荧光分光光度计对所得样品的相结构、形貌、元素组成、光学吸收和发光性能进行了表征。研究结果表明,所合成样品均为GdPO_(4)的纯相,属于单斜晶系独居石结构,且Tb^(3+)均匀分布在GdPO_(4)基质中引起晶格收缩。在274 nm的光激发下,GdPO_(4)∶Tb^(3+)荧光粉的最强发射峰位于545 nm处,属于Tb^(3+)的^(5)D_(4)→^(7)F_(5)跃迁,且其荧光猝灭摩尔分数高达15%,此样品(GdPO_(4)∶15%Tb^(3+))表现出优异的绿光发射和良好的热稳定性。

Preparation and photoelectric properties of Ho^(3+)-doped titanium dioxide nanowire downconversion photoanode

Ho^3＋-doped titanium dioxide（TiO2：Ho^3＋） downconversion（DC） nanowires were synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method followed by a subsequent calcination process after being immersed in Ho（NO3）3 aqueous solution. Moreover, TiO2：Ho^3＋ nanowires（HTNWs） were used as the photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells（DSSCs） to investigate their photoelectric properties. Scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and X-ray diffraction（XRD） were used to characterize the morphology and structure of the material, respectively. The photofluorescence and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of HTNWs reveal a DC from the near and middle ultraviolet light to visible light which matches the strong absorbed region of the N719 dye. Compared with the pure TNW photoanode, HTNWs DC photoanodes show greater photovoltaic efficiency. The photovoltaic conversion efficiency（η） of the DSSCs with HTNWs photoanode doped with 4% Ho2O3（mass fraction） is two times that with pure TNW photoanode. This enhancement could be attributed to HTNWs which could extend the spectral response range of DSSCs to the near and middle ultraviolet region and increase the short-circuit current density（Jsc） of DSSCs, thus leading to the enhancement of photovoltaic conversion efficiency.

轧制变形量及固溶热处理对TB3钛合金棒材粗大晶组织的影响

对原始锻造组织为粗大晶组织的TB3钛合金棒材进行了热处理实验,研究了经不同变形量轧制及固溶热处理后该钛合金棒材的组织演变规律,并提出了有效改善钛合金棒材组织均匀性的方法。结果表明,TB3钛合金棒材在轧制过程中,纵向粗大晶组织呈条带状分布;变形量越大,粗大晶组织在纵向上更加细长。锻造后,当产生的粗大晶晶粒尺寸小于200μm且轧制变形量达到95%时,固溶热处理后可以消除粗大晶现象。

杂质Mn^(4+)发光中心相关的Mg_(7)Ga_(2)GeO_(12)∶Tb^(3+)多色荧光粉发光性能

高性能稀土掺杂多色荧光材料的研发是发展先进荧光防伪技术的必要基础。本文通过高温固相法制备了一系列Tb^(3+)掺杂Mg_(7)Ga_(2)GeO_(12)荧光粉,并利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能量色散X射线光谱(EDS)对荧光粉的物相、颗粒尺寸与微观形貌、元素分布进行了系统表征,证实制得了结晶度良好的无规则微米级纯相荧光粉。在紫外377 nm激发下,Mg_(7)Ga_(2)GeO_(12)∶Tb^(3+)样品产生高效的Tb^(3+)蓝绿光特征发射,并具有20%Tb^(3+)最佳掺杂浓度,但同时还可发射峰值位于660 nm红光,其并不对应于Tb^(3+)离子的任何辐射跃迁。经电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)和稳态/瞬态光谱分析,以及结合文献调研,证实红光~660 nm源于Mn^(4+)^(2)Eg→^(4)A_(2g)电子跃迁发射,Mn杂质元素来自于原材料。综合Tb^(3+)离子和Mn^(4+)杂质离子荧光性能,Mg_(7)Ga_(2)GeO_(12)∶Tb^(3+)样品具有200~420 nm范围内激发波长依赖的发光可调谐特性,可实现青、绿、黄、白、红等可视化多色显示效果,有望应用于多色荧光防伪与调控技术。

Preparation and characterization of Eu^(3+)-doped CaCO_3 phosphor by microwave synthesis

A Eu^3＋-doped CaCO3 phosphor with red emission was prepared by microwave synthesis. The scanning electron microscopy （SEM） image and laser particle size analysis show that the CaCO3：Eu^3＋ particles are needle-like in the length range of 5.0-10.0 μm. The results of X-ray diffraction （XRD） analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, and Raman spectroscopy indicate that pure aragonite CaCO3：Eu^3＋ is prepared using microwave irradiation and the Eu^3＋ ion as a luminescence center inhabits the site of Ca^2＋. The photoluminescence excitation （PLE） spectrum shows that the strong broad band at around 270 nm and weak sharp lines in 300-550 nm are assigned to the charge transfer band of Eu^3＋-O^2- and intra-configurational 4f-4f transitions of Eu^3＋, respectively. The photoluminescence （PL） spectrum implies that the red luminescence can be attributed to the transitions from the ^5D0 excited level to the ^7FJ （J = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4） levels of Eu^3＋ ions with the mainly electric dipole transition ^5D0 → ^7F2 （614 and 620 nm）, and the Eu^3＋ ions prefer to occupy the low symmetric site in the crystal lattice.

Tb^(3+)、Eu^(3+)离子共掺杂的MgAl_(2)O_(4)发光性能研究

采用水热辅助固相法,以Al(NO_(3))_(3)·9H_(2)O和Mg(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O为原料,尿素为沉淀剂,制备了Tb^(3+)、Eu^(3+)共掺杂镁铝尖晶石荧光粉。用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜对所得产物的相结构和形貌予以表征,结合荧光激发、发射光谱和CIE色度图分析了荧光粉的光致发光性能。结果表明:在一定浓度范围内,掺杂Tb3+和Eu^(3+)离子后基质MgAl_(2)O_(4)的晶体结构并未发生改变,而当引入沉淀剂后,获得了具有良好分散性的棒状颗粒,且Tb^(3+)与Eu^(3+)间的浓度变化对样品形貌的影响甚微。在此基础上,以377 nm近紫外光作为激发光源实现了可见光区由粉至红的多色可调谐发射。

Gd^(3+)/Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)掺杂氟氧化物玻璃发光敏化作用的影响

本文采用高温熔融法制备了Gd/Tb、Gd/Ce、Gd/Ce/Tb掺杂的SiO_(2)-B_(2)O_(3)-BaF_(2)组分氟氧化物玻璃,通过测试X射线衍射光谱确定了其物相,通过测试其不同波段激发下的荧光光谱研究了不同Gd_(2)O_(3)掺量下Tb^(3+)的发光性能,并确定了Gd_(2)O_(3)更精确的最佳掺量范围。此外,文中通过改变气氛制备了Gd/Ce/Tb共掺杂氟氧化物玻璃,对比研究了Gd^(3+)和Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的敏化作用。结果表明,本文所制备的氟氧化物玻璃都呈稳定的玻璃态;Gd^(3+)和Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的发光都具有敏化作用,且Gd_(2)O_(3)掺量为7%(摩尔分数,下同)时敏化效果相较于其他掺量最为显著,超出7%则造成猝灭;Ce_(2)O_(3)掺入玻璃后以Ce^(3+)和Ce^(4+)两种价态共存,在还原气氛下掺入相较于空气气氛下掺入更容易保持Ce^(3+)状态,而且Ce^(3+)对Tb^(3+)的发光具有敏化作用,Ce^(4+)会抑制Tb^(3+)的发光。

Characterization of the BaBiO_3-doped BaTiO_3 positive temperature coefficient of a resistivity ceramic using impedance spectroscopy with T_c=155℃

BaBiO3-doped BaTiO3 （BB-BT） ceramic, as a candidate for lead-free positive temperature coefficient of resistivity （PTCR） materials with a higher Curie temperature, has been synthesized in air by a conventional sintering technique. The temperature dependence of resistivity shows that the phase transition of the PTC thermistor ceramic occurs at the Curie temperature, Tc = 155℃, which is higher than that of BaTiO3 （≤ 130 ℃）. Analysis of ac impedance data using complex impedance spectroscopy gives the alternate current （AC） resistance of the PTCR ceramic. By additional use of the complex electric modulus formalism to analyse the same data, the inhomogeneous nature of the ceramic may be unveiled. The impedance spectra reveal that the grain resistance of the BB-BT sample is slightly influenced by the increase of temperature, indicating that the increase in overall resistivity is entirely due to a grain-boundary effect. Based on the dependence of the extent to which the peaks of the imaginary part of electric modulus and impedance are matched on frequency, the conduction mechanism is also discussed for a BB-BT ceramic system.

新型颜色可调荧光粉Gd_(2)O(CO_(3))_(2)·H_(2)O:Tb^(3+),Eu^(3+)的制备及其发光性能

为探究新型荧光材料的多色发光机理,采用水热法合成Tb^(3+)和Eu^(3+)掺杂的Gd_(2)O(CO_(3))_(2)·H_(2)O。利用X射线衍射、荧光光谱以及荧光寿命等技术分析样品的物相结构、发光特性和激发态电子衰减过程。结果表明,样品在367nm紫外光的激发下,Gd_(2)O(CO_(3))_(2)·H_(2)O:Tb^(3+)能够发射出强度较高的绿光,峰值位于541nm处。当在Gd_(2)O(CO_(3))_(2)·H_(2)O:Tb^(3+)中加入Eu^(3+)时,Tb^(3+)的发光强度减弱,而Eu^(3+)的发光强度增加,这归因于Tb^(3+)与Eu^(3+)离子之间存在能量传递现象。当Eu^(3+)掺杂浓度为0.05时,样品的发光颜色为黄光,其色度坐标为(0.4591,0.4846);荧光衰减曲线测试表明,Gd_(2)O(CO_(3))_(2)·H_(2)O:Tb^(3+),Eu^(3+)中Tb^(3+)的^(5)D_(4)能级荧光寿命随着Eu^(3+)浓度增加而减小。当Eu^(3+)掺杂浓度大于0.2时,样品中Tb^(3+)发射强度几乎为零,且Tb^(3+)对红光发射强度增强有限,说明Gd_(2)O(CO_(3))_(2)·H_(2)O基质中高浓度的Tb^(3+)和Eu^(3+)共掺会加速Eu^(3+)的浓度猝灭。