Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has research evidence that it can reduce symptoms of depression. Flow FL-100 is a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device self-administered by a...Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has research evidence that it can reduce symptoms of depression. Flow FL-100 is a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device self-administered by a patient at home in combination with a software application that delivers wellbeing behaviour therapy training. Purpose/aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate if Flow can be introduced to a Crisis Resolution & Home Treatment (CRT) service and the impact of Flow in treating depression. The study addresses the questions: 1) “what are the depression reliable improvement and remission rates?” and 2) “can Flow significantly reduce depressive symptoms and improve real world functioning (every-day, social and occupational functioning) and health-related quality of life?”. Methods: An open-label patient cohort design with no control group. Pre-intervention and 6-week follow-up intervention assessments using the participant self-report measures: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), and EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D-5L). Participants were 49 CRT patients, 19 males and 30 females, with an age range of 20 to 66 years, and average age of 42 years. Results: PHQ-9 reliable improvement and remission rates were 57.1% and 14.3%. PHQ-9 scores significantly improved, from 23.1 (SD 3.44) to 14.8 (SD 6.82) at 6 weeks, with a large effect size. PHQ-9 suicide/self-harm related question significantly improved from 2.51 (SD 0.77) to 1.08 (SD 1.17), with a large effect size. WSAS scores significantly improved, from 33.6 (SD 5.22) to 21.9 (SD 10.82) at 6 weeks, with a large effect size. EQ-5D-5L results showed significant improvements in the health index score, global assessment of health EQ-VAS from 34.2 (22.26) to 51.6 (24.95), and three EQ-5D-5L dimensions (“self-care”, “usual activity”, and “anxiety/depression”). Conclusion: A CRT service effectively integrated Flow tDCS treatment. Flow was beneficial in terms of improving functioning and quality of life and reducing depression symptoms and thoughts of suicide/self-harm. Flow FL100 tDCS and wellbeing behaviour therapy training could be offered through all CRT services to treat depression, reduce thoughts of suicide/self-harm, enable better functioning, and improve quality of life.展开更多
为了解决变换域通信系统(transformed domain communication system, TDCS)信号检测及参数估计问题,通过对TDCS信号自相关函数的推导分析,提出了一种基于二次自相关的TDCS信号检测及基函数估计的方法。分析发现,TDCS信号的自相关函数会...为了解决变换域通信系统(transformed domain communication system, TDCS)信号检测及参数估计问题,通过对TDCS信号自相关函数的推导分析,提出了一种基于二次自相关的TDCS信号检测及基函数估计的方法。分析发现,TDCS信号的自相关函数会出现周期性谱峰,且峰峰间距为基函数周期的二分之一,故以谱峰间隔是否呈现周期性作为TDCS信号的存在性判据,并根据峰峰距离进一步估计TDCS信号的基函数周期。但单次自相关处理得到的局部谱峰受信道噪声影响大,为此提出了二次自相关法,该方法使得局部峰值特征进一步加强,相较于单次自相关,二次自相关可在更低的信噪比下实现TDCS信号检测并对基函数周期进行有效估计。展开更多
文摘Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has research evidence that it can reduce symptoms of depression. Flow FL-100 is a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device self-administered by a patient at home in combination with a software application that delivers wellbeing behaviour therapy training. Purpose/aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate if Flow can be introduced to a Crisis Resolution & Home Treatment (CRT) service and the impact of Flow in treating depression. The study addresses the questions: 1) “what are the depression reliable improvement and remission rates?” and 2) “can Flow significantly reduce depressive symptoms and improve real world functioning (every-day, social and occupational functioning) and health-related quality of life?”. Methods: An open-label patient cohort design with no control group. Pre-intervention and 6-week follow-up intervention assessments using the participant self-report measures: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), and EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D-5L). Participants were 49 CRT patients, 19 males and 30 females, with an age range of 20 to 66 years, and average age of 42 years. Results: PHQ-9 reliable improvement and remission rates were 57.1% and 14.3%. PHQ-9 scores significantly improved, from 23.1 (SD 3.44) to 14.8 (SD 6.82) at 6 weeks, with a large effect size. PHQ-9 suicide/self-harm related question significantly improved from 2.51 (SD 0.77) to 1.08 (SD 1.17), with a large effect size. WSAS scores significantly improved, from 33.6 (SD 5.22) to 21.9 (SD 10.82) at 6 weeks, with a large effect size. EQ-5D-5L results showed significant improvements in the health index score, global assessment of health EQ-VAS from 34.2 (22.26) to 51.6 (24.95), and three EQ-5D-5L dimensions (“self-care”, “usual activity”, and “anxiety/depression”). Conclusion: A CRT service effectively integrated Flow tDCS treatment. Flow was beneficial in terms of improving functioning and quality of life and reducing depression symptoms and thoughts of suicide/self-harm. Flow FL100 tDCS and wellbeing behaviour therapy training could be offered through all CRT services to treat depression, reduce thoughts of suicide/self-harm, enable better functioning, and improve quality of life.
文摘为了解决变换域通信系统(transformed domain communication system, TDCS)信号检测及参数估计问题,通过对TDCS信号自相关函数的推导分析,提出了一种基于二次自相关的TDCS信号检测及基函数估计的方法。分析发现,TDCS信号的自相关函数会出现周期性谱峰,且峰峰间距为基函数周期的二分之一,故以谱峰间隔是否呈现周期性作为TDCS信号的存在性判据,并根据峰峰距离进一步估计TDCS信号的基函数周期。但单次自相关处理得到的局部谱峰受信道噪声影响大,为此提出了二次自相关法,该方法使得局部峰值特征进一步加强,相较于单次自相关,二次自相关可在更低的信噪比下实现TDCS信号检测并对基函数周期进行有效估计。
