The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Z...The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Zaopei,especially the metabolic function of rare taxa.Here,an experiment on industrial size was designed to assess the effects of 6 combinations(3 kinds of Daqu×2 kinds of PM)on the composition and assembly of different taxa,as well as the flavor profile.The results showed that Zaopei's microbiota was composed of a few abundant taxa and enormous rare taxa,and rare bacterial and abundant fungal subcommunities were significantly affected by combination patterns.The assembly processes of abundant/rare taxa and bacterial/fungal communities were distinct,and environmental changes mediated the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in rare bacteria assembly.Furthermore,specific combination patterns improved the flavor quality of Zaopei by enhancing the interspecies interaction,which was closely related to rare taxa,especially rare bacteria.These findings highlighted that rare bacteria might be the keystone in involving community interaction and maintaining metabolic function,which provided a scientific foundation for better understanding and regulating the brewing microbiota from the viewpoint of microbial ecology.展开更多
为明确山东临沂和河南周口地区中高温大曲细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能的差异,本研究采用MiSeq高通量测序技术对2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构进行了解析,并基于直系同源蛋白数据库(clusters of orthologous groups of proteins,COG)...为明确山东临沂和河南周口地区中高温大曲细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能的差异,本研究采用MiSeq高通量测序技术对2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构进行了解析,并基于直系同源蛋白数据库(clusters of orthologous groups of proteins,COG)分析了其细菌类群潜在的功能。α多样性发现,两者在丰富度和多样性上差异均不显著(P>0.05)。相较于周口地区大曲,在门水平上,临沂地区大曲中放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)平均相对丰度均显著偏低(P<0.05),在属水平上,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)平均相对丰度显著偏高(P<0.05),地杆菌属(Geobacter)和泛菌属(Pantoea)平均相对丰度均显著偏低(P<0.05)。LEfSe(linear discriminant analysis effect size)分析发现,Geobacter为周口地区大曲中的生物标志物,而临沂地区大曲中的生物标志物未在属水平体现;β多样性发现,两者在整体上存在明显差异;PICRUSt(phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states)分析发现,临沂地区中高温大曲在转录、氨基酸和核苷转运与代谢功能上显著高于周口地区大曲(P<0.05)。由此可见,2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能表达均存在明显差异。展开更多
为探究湖北襄阳地区高温大曲中芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)菌群多样性,该研究通过下载并筛选高温大曲样品芽孢杆菌相对含量>2.0%的测序数据,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术和传统纯培养技术相结合的方法对大曲样品中芽孢杆菌多样性进行...为探究湖北襄阳地区高温大曲中芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)菌群多样性,该研究通过下载并筛选高温大曲样品芽孢杆菌相对含量>2.0%的测序数据,采用Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术和传统纯培养技术相结合的方法对大曲样品中芽孢杆菌多样性进行解析。结果表明,高温大曲中芽孢杆菌相对含量>2.0%的样品共有12份,包括8份白色大曲样品和4份黄色大曲样品,所有样品共获得77 825条代表性序列,1 197个操作分类单元(OTUs)。多样性分析结果表明,较之黄色大曲,白色大曲样品中芽孢杆菌的超1指数和发现物种数显著偏高(P<0.05)。OTU分析结果表明,OTU5321和OTU5291在所有样品中均存在,其在白色大曲和黄色大曲中累积包含序列分别占总序列数的49.43%和41.32%。传统纯培养技术分析结果表明,解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)为高温大曲中芽孢杆菌的主要可培养菌种。由此可知,白色大曲芽孢杆菌群落结构的丰富度更高,且解淀粉芽孢杆菌为高温大曲中芽孢杆菌的主要可培养菌种,为后续高温大曲中芽孢杆菌的应用及菌种选育具有指导作用。展开更多
基金supported by the Cooperation Project of Luzhou Laojiao Co.,Ltd.Sichuan University (21H0997)。
文摘The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Zaopei,especially the metabolic function of rare taxa.Here,an experiment on industrial size was designed to assess the effects of 6 combinations(3 kinds of Daqu×2 kinds of PM)on the composition and assembly of different taxa,as well as the flavor profile.The results showed that Zaopei's microbiota was composed of a few abundant taxa and enormous rare taxa,and rare bacterial and abundant fungal subcommunities were significantly affected by combination patterns.The assembly processes of abundant/rare taxa and bacterial/fungal communities were distinct,and environmental changes mediated the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in rare bacteria assembly.Furthermore,specific combination patterns improved the flavor quality of Zaopei by enhancing the interspecies interaction,which was closely related to rare taxa,especially rare bacteria.These findings highlighted that rare bacteria might be the keystone in involving community interaction and maintaining metabolic function,which provided a scientific foundation for better understanding and regulating the brewing microbiota from the viewpoint of microbial ecology.
文摘为明确山东临沂和河南周口地区中高温大曲细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能的差异,本研究采用MiSeq高通量测序技术对2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构进行了解析,并基于直系同源蛋白数据库(clusters of orthologous groups of proteins,COG)分析了其细菌类群潜在的功能。α多样性发现,两者在丰富度和多样性上差异均不显著(P>0.05)。相较于周口地区大曲,在门水平上,临沂地区大曲中放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)平均相对丰度均显著偏低(P<0.05),在属水平上,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)平均相对丰度显著偏高(P<0.05),地杆菌属(Geobacter)和泛菌属(Pantoea)平均相对丰度均显著偏低(P<0.05)。LEfSe(linear discriminant analysis effect size)分析发现,Geobacter为周口地区大曲中的生物标志物,而临沂地区大曲中的生物标志物未在属水平体现;β多样性发现,两者在整体上存在明显差异;PICRUSt(phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states)分析发现,临沂地区中高温大曲在转录、氨基酸和核苷转运与代谢功能上显著高于周口地区大曲(P<0.05)。由此可见,2个地区中高温大曲的细菌群落结构及菌群基因功能表达均存在明显差异。
