AIM：To investigate the association between tear film break up time（TBUT）and blinking interval in visual display terminal（VDT）users.METHODS：Nine hundred and thirty VDT users underwent dry eye testing,and function...AIM：To investigate the association between tear film break up time（TBUT）and blinking interval in visual display terminal（VDT）users.METHODS：Nine hundred and thirty VDT users underwent dry eye testing,and functional visual acuity（FVA）test.The blinking interval during FVA was compared with TBUT.Subjects with longer blinking interval than TBUT were considered as unstable tear film.Logistic regression analysis revealed the risk factors for unstable tear group.RESULTS：Among 930 workers,858 subjects（92.3%）participated in this study.Almost 80% of the subjects were categorized into the unstable tear group.Unstable tear group has significantly lower Schirmer values and TBUT（17.5±11.6 vs 21.1±11.5 mm,3.7±2.6 vs 5.7±2.7s,both P〈0.001）.There were no significant differences in epithelial staining or severity of symptoms.Logistic regression showed that over 40y was a risk for being unstable tear group[odds ratio（OR）=1.53;95%confidence interval（CI）=1.06-2.20].Contact lens use was protective factor for being in the unstable tear group（OR=0.37;95%CI=0.26-0.53）.CONCLUSION：Subjects with shorter TBUT than blinking interval are prevalent among VDT users.Subjects over the age of 40 shows an increased risk for unstable tear film.展开更多
Purpose: To study the prevalence of dry eye in a hospital based population of rural setup and to evaluate its association with various risk factors. Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study, patients above ...Purpose: To study the prevalence of dry eye in a hospital based population of rural setup and to evaluate its association with various risk factors. Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study, patients above 20 years of age were screened randomly for dry eye. An 8 points questionnaires, slit lamp examination of meibomian glands, tear film breakup time, fluorescein staining of cornea, schirmer test were used to diagnose dry eye. The diagnosis was made when three of the five parameters were positive. The role of various occupations as well as role of different exposure factors like sunlight, excessive wind, smoking, drugs, and air pollution as dry eye risk factors was accessed. Result: Out of 445, 45.39% patients had dry eye. Dry eye prevalence was higher in those above 70 years of age (74%). It was higher in male population (51.82%) compare to female population (37.37%), nearly equal in rural (46.04%) and urban population (44.31%) and highest among factory workers (90%). Correlation of dry eye with drugs (P = 0.0002), sunlight/high temperature (P = 0.0003) and smoking (P = 0.03) were significant. Conclusion: This is a hospital based study which provides prevalence of dry eye in rural region of western Uttar Pradesh. It is more common in old age male population and significantly higher in factory workers. Out of different modifiable risk factors most important are drugs, sunlight/high temperature and smoking.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Dry eye is characterized by tear film instability, decreased tear volume and a high Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score. Face masks have been linked to dry eye complaints...<strong>Background:</strong> Dry eye is characterized by tear film instability, decreased tear volume and a high Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score. Face masks have been linked to dry eye complaints in recent studies. <strong>Purpose:</strong> To evaluate the changes in tear-film status and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score following prolonged use of face mask. <strong>Design:</strong> Cross-sectional study. <strong>Method:</strong> Patients between 18 to 70 years using masks regularly for at least 2 hours/day for at least 5 days/week from different eye-care centres in Dhaka were included. All subjects were divided into 4 groups. Mask use lasted approximately 2 hours/day in Group 1, 4 hours/day in Group 2, 6 hours/day in Group 3 and 8 hours or more/day in Group 4. Evaluation of symptoms, tear- film stability and tear volume was done by Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, Tear-film Break-Up Time (TBUT) and Schirmer-1 test. Average of right & left eye’s Tear-film Break Up time (TBUT) and Schirmer-1 value were noted. <strong>Results:</strong> Total 100 patients were enrolled (n = 100). The TBUT (p < 0.001) and Schirmer-1 measurement (p = 0.01) were significantly lesser and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score were significantly higher in patients using face-masks for longer time (p < 0.001). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Patients who wore masks for prolonged time had tear film instability, reduced tear volume and higher Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score.展开更多
Background: Conventional hemodialysis (HD) used in treating end stage renal disease (ESRD) can result in multiorgan insult including the eye-owing to the resultant reperfusion after the ischemic event. Optimization of...Background: Conventional hemodialysis (HD) used in treating end stage renal disease (ESRD) can result in multiorgan insult including the eye-owing to the resultant reperfusion after the ischemic event. Optimization of HD can be done using a process called remote ischemia which includes applying cycles of brief, nonlethal ischemia followed by reperfusion to one limb. This method sends signal to the end organs to prepare themselves for the upcoming ischemia thus preventing their injury. Aim: To evaluate the effect of remote ischemia preconditioning in HD on ophthalmological variables. Patients and Methods: A pre-post interventional analytical study conducted on patients receiving hemodialysis. Remote ischemia preconditioning was done before each HD session incorporating 3 cycles of alternating ischemia and reperfusion (5 minutes each) performed in the upper limb using sphygmomanometer cuff. Ophthalmic examination was done at baseline and 3 months after HD optimization. Assessment was done half to one hour pre- and post-session for visual acuity, corneal, conjunctival deposits, tear break up time (TBUT), anterior chamber depth and central macular thickness. Results: The study included 50 eyes of 25 patients with almost equal gender distribution and mean age of 37.52 ± 9.824 years. They were maintained on hemodialysis for median 10 years (range 3-25 years). The commonest cause of ESRD was hypertension. The studied ocular parameters showed insignificant change after pre-conditioned HD except for TBUT that was statistically longer (p = 0.018). Conclusion: Optimization of hemodialysis using remote ischemia does not seem to have significant ocular effect apart from prolonged TBUT. .展开更多
目的:观察不同浓度氟米龙滴眼液治疗儿童重度混合型春季角结膜炎的临床效果。方法:选取2022-03/09于我院门诊就诊的重度混合型春季角结膜炎儿童患者50例100眼,随机分为两组,A组患者25例50眼给予0.1%氟米龙滴眼液联合0.05%环孢素滴眼液(...目的:观察不同浓度氟米龙滴眼液治疗儿童重度混合型春季角结膜炎的临床效果。方法:选取2022-03/09于我院门诊就诊的重度混合型春季角结膜炎儿童患者50例100眼,随机分为两组,A组患者25例50眼给予0.1%氟米龙滴眼液联合0.05%环孢素滴眼液(Ⅱ)治疗;B组患者25例50眼给予0.02%氟米龙滴眼液联合0.05%环孢素滴眼液(Ⅱ)治疗。治疗1mo,观察两组患者SPEED问卷评分及角膜荧光素染色(FL)评分、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)、泪液分泌试验(SⅠt)、眼红分析、非侵入式泪河高度(NIKTMH)、角膜光密度等眼部参数,记录不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗1mo,两组患者SPEED评分、FL评分及眼红分析结果均有显著差异(均P<0.05),TBUT、SⅠt及NIKTMH结果均无差异(均P>0.05),但角膜不同深度、不同直径范围角膜光密度具有差异性(均P<0.05)。治疗1mo,两组患者眼压无显著差异(16.21±2.90mmHg vs 16.05±2.75mmHg,P>0.05),且治疗过程中均未出现明显不良反应。结论:0.1%氟米龙滴眼液可有效治疗儿童重度混合型春季角结膜炎,效果优于0.02%氟米龙滴眼液。展开更多
【目的】观察针刺治疗肝经郁热型干眼症的疗效及其对焦虑情绪的影响。【方法】将78例肝经郁热型干眼症患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各39例。对照组给予聚乙烯醇滴眼液滴眼治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用针刺治疗,疗程为1个月。观...【目的】观察针刺治疗肝经郁热型干眼症的疗效及其对焦虑情绪的影响。【方法】将78例肝经郁热型干眼症患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各39例。对照组给予聚乙烯醇滴眼液滴眼治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用针刺治疗,疗程为1个月。观察2组患者治疗前后主观症状评分、泪膜破裂时间(break-up time,BUT)、泪液分泌试验(Schirmer I test,SIT)、角膜荧光染色结果(fluorescein,FL)评分以及焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分的变化情况,并评价2组患者的临床疗效和焦虑改善疗效。【结果】(1)治疗1个月后,观察组的总有效率为89.74%(35/39),对照组为71.79%(28/39),组间比较,观察组的总有效率(χ^(2)检验)和总体疗效(秩和检验)均优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)治疗后,2组患者的眼睛干燥感、异物感、疲劳感、烧灼感、不适感、视力波动等各项主观症状评分及总积分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组的降低作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(3)治疗后,2组患者的BUT、SIT、FL评分均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组的改善作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(4)治疗后,2组患者的SAS评分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组的降低作用明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(5)治疗后,观察组的焦虑恢复正常率为89.29%(25/28),对照组为48.15%(13/27),组间比较(χ^(2)检验),观察组的焦虑改善疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】在人工泪液治疗基础上加用针刺治疗肝经郁热型干眼症患者疗效确切,可有效改善患者临床症状和焦虑情绪,其疗效优于单纯人工泪液治疗。展开更多
AIM:To elucidate the profiles of commensal bacteria on the ocular surfaces of patients with varying severity of dry eye(DE).METHODS:The single-center,prospective,case-control,observational study categorized all partic...AIM:To elucidate the profiles of commensal bacteria on the ocular surfaces of patients with varying severity of dry eye(DE).METHODS:The single-center,prospective,case-control,observational study categorized all participants into three distinct groups:1)control group(n=61),2)mild DE group(n=56),and 3)moderate-to-severe DE group(n=82).Schirmer’s tear secretion strips were used,and the bacterial microbiota was analyzed using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing.RESULTS:The three groups had significant differences in alpha diversity:the control group had the highest richness(Chao1,Faith’s phylogenetic diversity),the mild DE group showed the highest diversity(Shannon,Simpson),and the moderate-to-severe DE group had the lowest of the above-mentioned indices.DE severity was positively correlated with a reduction in beta diversity of the microbial community,with the moderate-to-severe DE group exhibiting the lowest beta diversity.Linear discriminant analysis effect size presented distinct dominant taxa that significantly differed between each.Furthermore,the exacerbation of DE corresponded with the enrichment of certain pathogenic bacteria,as determined by random forest analysis.CONCLUSION:As DE severity worsens,microbial community diversity tends to decrease.DE development corresponds with changes in microbial constituents,primarily characterized by reduced microbial diversity and a more homogenous species composition.展开更多
目的:探讨一种最新的眼表综合分析仪Keratograph对于泪膜稳定性评估的重复性和准确性,将其测量值与传统的检查方法进行比较。方法:采用Keratograph测量包括首次泪膜破裂时间(the first tear film break-up time,BUT-f)和平均泪膜破裂时...目的:探讨一种最新的眼表综合分析仪Keratograph对于泪膜稳定性评估的重复性和准确性,将其测量值与传统的检查方法进行比较。方法:采用Keratograph测量包括首次泪膜破裂时间(the first tear film break-up time,BUT-f)和平均泪膜破裂时间(the average tear film break-up time,BUT-ave)在内的非侵入式泪膜破裂时间(noninvasive tear film break-up time,NI_BUT)结果。测量结果的重复性使用变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)和组内相关系数(intraclass correlation coefficient,ICC)进行评价,NI-BUT与传统的荧光素泪膜破裂时间(fluorescein tear film break-up time,FBUT)的比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验,确定NI-BUT与FBUT,SchirmerⅠ试验结果的相关关系,采用BlandAltman分析进行一致性评价。结果:本研究纳入了48个受检者(48眼),平均年龄38.7±15.2岁。BUT-f的CV和ICC分别为12.6%和0.95,BUT-ave的为9.8%和0.96。BUT-f值低于FBUT值,差异有统计学意义(6.16±2.46s vs 7.46±1.92s,P<0.01)。NI-BUT与FBUT,SchirmerⅠ试验结果之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.01)。BUT-f与FBUT的95%一致性界限(limits of agreement,Lo A)范围为4.46s,BUT-ave与FBUT的Lo A范围为3.64s。结论:Keratograph能够提供具有较好重复性和可靠性的NI-BUT数据,在干眼诊治和角膜屈光性手术等领域有很好的应用前景。展开更多
文摘AIM：To investigate the association between tear film break up time（TBUT）and blinking interval in visual display terminal（VDT）users.METHODS：Nine hundred and thirty VDT users underwent dry eye testing,and functional visual acuity（FVA）test.The blinking interval during FVA was compared with TBUT.Subjects with longer blinking interval than TBUT were considered as unstable tear film.Logistic regression analysis revealed the risk factors for unstable tear group.RESULTS：Among 930 workers,858 subjects（92.3%）participated in this study.Almost 80% of the subjects were categorized into the unstable tear group.Unstable tear group has significantly lower Schirmer values and TBUT（17.5±11.6 vs 21.1±11.5 mm,3.7±2.6 vs 5.7±2.7s,both P〈0.001）.There were no significant differences in epithelial staining or severity of symptoms.Logistic regression showed that over 40y was a risk for being unstable tear group[odds ratio（OR）=1.53;95%confidence interval（CI）=1.06-2.20].Contact lens use was protective factor for being in the unstable tear group（OR=0.37;95%CI=0.26-0.53）.CONCLUSION：Subjects with shorter TBUT than blinking interval are prevalent among VDT users.Subjects over the age of 40 shows an increased risk for unstable tear film.
文摘Purpose: To study the prevalence of dry eye in a hospital based population of rural setup and to evaluate its association with various risk factors. Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study, patients above 20 years of age were screened randomly for dry eye. An 8 points questionnaires, slit lamp examination of meibomian glands, tear film breakup time, fluorescein staining of cornea, schirmer test were used to diagnose dry eye. The diagnosis was made when three of the five parameters were positive. The role of various occupations as well as role of different exposure factors like sunlight, excessive wind, smoking, drugs, and air pollution as dry eye risk factors was accessed. Result: Out of 445, 45.39% patients had dry eye. Dry eye prevalence was higher in those above 70 years of age (74%). It was higher in male population (51.82%) compare to female population (37.37%), nearly equal in rural (46.04%) and urban population (44.31%) and highest among factory workers (90%). Correlation of dry eye with drugs (P = 0.0002), sunlight/high temperature (P = 0.0003) and smoking (P = 0.03) were significant. Conclusion: This is a hospital based study which provides prevalence of dry eye in rural region of western Uttar Pradesh. It is more common in old age male population and significantly higher in factory workers. Out of different modifiable risk factors most important are drugs, sunlight/high temperature and smoking.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Dry eye is characterized by tear film instability, decreased tear volume and a high Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score. Face masks have been linked to dry eye complaints in recent studies. <strong>Purpose:</strong> To evaluate the changes in tear-film status and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score following prolonged use of face mask. <strong>Design:</strong> Cross-sectional study. <strong>Method:</strong> Patients between 18 to 70 years using masks regularly for at least 2 hours/day for at least 5 days/week from different eye-care centres in Dhaka were included. All subjects were divided into 4 groups. Mask use lasted approximately 2 hours/day in Group 1, 4 hours/day in Group 2, 6 hours/day in Group 3 and 8 hours or more/day in Group 4. Evaluation of symptoms, tear- film stability and tear volume was done by Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores, Tear-film Break-Up Time (TBUT) and Schirmer-1 test. Average of right & left eye’s Tear-film Break Up time (TBUT) and Schirmer-1 value were noted. <strong>Results:</strong> Total 100 patients were enrolled (n = 100). The TBUT (p < 0.001) and Schirmer-1 measurement (p = 0.01) were significantly lesser and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score were significantly higher in patients using face-masks for longer time (p < 0.001). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Patients who wore masks for prolonged time had tear film instability, reduced tear volume and higher Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score.
文摘Background: Conventional hemodialysis (HD) used in treating end stage renal disease (ESRD) can result in multiorgan insult including the eye-owing to the resultant reperfusion after the ischemic event. Optimization of HD can be done using a process called remote ischemia which includes applying cycles of brief, nonlethal ischemia followed by reperfusion to one limb. This method sends signal to the end organs to prepare themselves for the upcoming ischemia thus preventing their injury. Aim: To evaluate the effect of remote ischemia preconditioning in HD on ophthalmological variables. Patients and Methods: A pre-post interventional analytical study conducted on patients receiving hemodialysis. Remote ischemia preconditioning was done before each HD session incorporating 3 cycles of alternating ischemia and reperfusion (5 minutes each) performed in the upper limb using sphygmomanometer cuff. Ophthalmic examination was done at baseline and 3 months after HD optimization. Assessment was done half to one hour pre- and post-session for visual acuity, corneal, conjunctival deposits, tear break up time (TBUT), anterior chamber depth and central macular thickness. Results: The study included 50 eyes of 25 patients with almost equal gender distribution and mean age of 37.52 ± 9.824 years. They were maintained on hemodialysis for median 10 years (range 3-25 years). The commonest cause of ESRD was hypertension. The studied ocular parameters showed insignificant change after pre-conditioned HD except for TBUT that was statistically longer (p = 0.018). Conclusion: Optimization of hemodialysis using remote ischemia does not seem to have significant ocular effect apart from prolonged TBUT. .
文摘目的:观察不同浓度氟米龙滴眼液治疗儿童重度混合型春季角结膜炎的临床效果。方法:选取2022-03/09于我院门诊就诊的重度混合型春季角结膜炎儿童患者50例100眼,随机分为两组,A组患者25例50眼给予0.1%氟米龙滴眼液联合0.05%环孢素滴眼液(Ⅱ)治疗;B组患者25例50眼给予0.02%氟米龙滴眼液联合0.05%环孢素滴眼液(Ⅱ)治疗。治疗1mo,观察两组患者SPEED问卷评分及角膜荧光素染色(FL)评分、泪膜破裂时间(TBUT)、泪液分泌试验(SⅠt)、眼红分析、非侵入式泪河高度(NIKTMH)、角膜光密度等眼部参数,记录不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗1mo,两组患者SPEED评分、FL评分及眼红分析结果均有显著差异(均P<0.05),TBUT、SⅠt及NIKTMH结果均无差异(均P>0.05),但角膜不同深度、不同直径范围角膜光密度具有差异性(均P<0.05)。治疗1mo,两组患者眼压无显著差异(16.21±2.90mmHg vs 16.05±2.75mmHg,P>0.05),且治疗过程中均未出现明显不良反应。结论:0.1%氟米龙滴眼液可有效治疗儿童重度混合型春季角结膜炎,效果优于0.02%氟米龙滴眼液。
文摘【目的】观察针刺治疗肝经郁热型干眼症的疗效及其对焦虑情绪的影响。【方法】将78例肝经郁热型干眼症患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各39例。对照组给予聚乙烯醇滴眼液滴眼治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用针刺治疗,疗程为1个月。观察2组患者治疗前后主观症状评分、泪膜破裂时间(break-up time,BUT)、泪液分泌试验(Schirmer I test,SIT)、角膜荧光染色结果(fluorescein,FL)评分以及焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分的变化情况,并评价2组患者的临床疗效和焦虑改善疗效。【结果】(1)治疗1个月后,观察组的总有效率为89.74%(35/39),对照组为71.79%(28/39),组间比较,观察组的总有效率(χ^(2)检验)和总体疗效(秩和检验)均优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)治疗后,2组患者的眼睛干燥感、异物感、疲劳感、烧灼感、不适感、视力波动等各项主观症状评分及总积分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组的降低作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(3)治疗后,2组患者的BUT、SIT、FL评分均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组的改善作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(4)治疗后,2组患者的SAS评分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组的降低作用明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(5)治疗后,观察组的焦虑恢复正常率为89.29%(25/28),对照组为48.15%(13/27),组间比较(χ^(2)检验),观察组的焦虑改善疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】在人工泪液治疗基础上加用针刺治疗肝经郁热型干眼症患者疗效确切,可有效改善患者临床症状和焦虑情绪,其疗效优于单纯人工泪液治疗。
基金Supported by Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(No.201940243).
文摘AIM:To elucidate the profiles of commensal bacteria on the ocular surfaces of patients with varying severity of dry eye(DE).METHODS:The single-center,prospective,case-control,observational study categorized all participants into three distinct groups:1)control group(n=61),2)mild DE group(n=56),and 3)moderate-to-severe DE group(n=82).Schirmer’s tear secretion strips were used,and the bacterial microbiota was analyzed using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing.RESULTS:The three groups had significant differences in alpha diversity:the control group had the highest richness(Chao1,Faith’s phylogenetic diversity),the mild DE group showed the highest diversity(Shannon,Simpson),and the moderate-to-severe DE group had the lowest of the above-mentioned indices.DE severity was positively correlated with a reduction in beta diversity of the microbial community,with the moderate-to-severe DE group exhibiting the lowest beta diversity.Linear discriminant analysis effect size presented distinct dominant taxa that significantly differed between each.Furthermore,the exacerbation of DE corresponded with the enrichment of certain pathogenic bacteria,as determined by random forest analysis.CONCLUSION:As DE severity worsens,microbial community diversity tends to decrease.DE development corresponds with changes in microbial constituents,primarily characterized by reduced microbial diversity and a more homogenous species composition.
文摘目的:探讨一种最新的眼表综合分析仪Keratograph对于泪膜稳定性评估的重复性和准确性,将其测量值与传统的检查方法进行比较。方法:采用Keratograph测量包括首次泪膜破裂时间(the first tear film break-up time,BUT-f)和平均泪膜破裂时间(the average tear film break-up time,BUT-ave)在内的非侵入式泪膜破裂时间(noninvasive tear film break-up time,NI_BUT)结果。测量结果的重复性使用变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)和组内相关系数(intraclass correlation coefficient,ICC)进行评价,NI-BUT与传统的荧光素泪膜破裂时间(fluorescein tear film break-up time,FBUT)的比较采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验,确定NI-BUT与FBUT,SchirmerⅠ试验结果的相关关系,采用BlandAltman分析进行一致性评价。结果:本研究纳入了48个受检者(48眼),平均年龄38.7±15.2岁。BUT-f的CV和ICC分别为12.6%和0.95,BUT-ave的为9.8%和0.96。BUT-f值低于FBUT值,差异有统计学意义(6.16±2.46s vs 7.46±1.92s,P<0.01)。NI-BUT与FBUT,SchirmerⅠ试验结果之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.01)。BUT-f与FBUT的95%一致性界限(limits of agreement,Lo A)范围为4.46s,BUT-ave与FBUT的Lo A范围为3.64s。结论:Keratograph能够提供具有较好重复性和可靠性的NI-BUT数据,在干眼诊治和角膜屈光性手术等领域有很好的应用前景。
