基于“STS理念”的“课题式”本科综合化学实验教学探究——以金纳米粒子相关实验为例

为全面推进科教融合,推进化学实验教学的改革,本文以金纳米粒子实验为例,在综合化学实验中引入“科学、技术、社会(STS)理念”,通过“课题”形式开展本科实验教学。将科研方法和科学技术融入本科教学,让学生掌握科学研究方法和最新的科学技术,培养学生科研实践探索能力,实现科学与技术在社会中得到应用的获得感。

Is the Genie of Artificial Intelligence Technology Out of the Bottle and Control?(A Short Review)

In recent years,AI(artificial intelligence)has made considerable strides,transforming a number of industries and facets of daily life.However,as AI develops more,worries about its potential dangers and unforeseen repercussions have surfaced.This article investigates the claim that AI technology has broken free from human control and is now unstoppable.We look at how AI is developing right now,what it means for society,and what steps are being taken to reduce the risks that come with it.We seek to highlight the need for responsible development and implementation of this game-changing technology by examining the opportunities and challenges that AI presents.

The effects of science,technology,society,environment(STSE)interactions on teaching chemistry

This study aimed to investigate the effects of making Science, Technology, Society and En-vironment relations on students’ comprehen-sion of chemistry topics through teaching che-mistry using STSE approach at secondary level. The study made use of the research model where pre and post tests were administered to control and treatment groups. The Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT) was used in the study. The sampling consisted of Grade 9 students studying at Anatolian High School and Voca-tional High School. Since the sampling had not been equated, in order to determine students’ logical and spatial thinking skills, they were administered Logical Thinking Skill Test and Mental Rotation test as pretests. Students were chosen randomly to take part in two control and two treatment groups. This experimental study was applied to the treatment group in teaching of “Separation of Mixtures” topic in Grade 9 Chemistry course during a four-week period. Students in the control group were taught through the traditional teaching methods. The data obtained were analyzed through the SPSS Software. As a result of the study, statistically significant increases were observed in the achievement levels of treatment group which received instruction using STSE relations. The change observed in the achievement levels of the control group was not statistically signifi-cant. The difference between the achievement levels of control and treatment groups in the posttests were favoring the treatment groups.

从STS到STSE的扩展:科学技术哲学研究的一个新动态

随着科学技术对环境影响的日益加剧,社会发展中的环境问题日益凸显,很多科学、技术与社会(STS)领域的问题需要从生态维度去考虑。在以往的STS研究中,虽然涉及一定生态环境内容,但还未充分突出其重要性、独立性。通过分析当前国内外STS研究动态,特别是其中涉及生态环境的部分,STS研究展现出向科学、技术、社会与环境(STSE)研究扩展的趋势。在这一扩展中,把环境视为一种独立要素,从而为原来的STS研究带来新的认知维度,建立“科学-技术-社会-环境”新的系统,具有一定启发意义。

The Symbiotic Relationship Unraveling the Interplay between Technology and Artificial Intelligence(An Intelligent Dynamic Relationship)

This article investigates the dynamic relationship between technology and AI(artificial intelligence)and the role that societal requirements play in pushing AI research and adoption.Technology has advanced dramatically throughout the years,providing the groundwork for the rise of AI.AI systems have achieved incredible feats in various disciplines thanks to advancements in computer power,data availability,and complex algorithms.On the other hand,society’s needs for efficiency,enhanced healthcare,environmental sustainability,and personalized experiences have worked as powerful accelerators for AI’s progress.This article digs into how technology empowers AI and how societal needs dictate its progress,emphasizing their symbiotic relationship.The findings underline the significance of responsible AI research,which considers both technological prowess and ethical issues,to ensure that AI continues to serve the greater good.

STS视角下智能时代数字教材的风险与治理对策

数字教材在发挥育人积极作用的过程中,也面临着前所未有的威胁其有效应用与健康发展的风险挑战。因此,如何正确研判和防范数字教材风险成为智能时代教育领域亟待解决的问题。基于科学、技术与社会(STS)视角的分析可知,智能时代数字教材风险具有错综复杂性、不确定性、强隐匿性等特征。针对数字教材的风险特征,应制定有前瞻性的数字教材风险治理规范,研制兼顾各利益相关者诉求的数字教材风险治理方案,建立健全全过程的数字教材风险监测评估机制,加快研究数字教材风险识别与防范工具,建立人机协同的数字教材风险治理机制,建立数字教材风险的问责与警示机制等。

Developing remanufacturing engineering,constructing cycle economy and building saving-oriented society

In the course of creating immense wealth, manufacturing industry has excessively consumed the resources and energy in the earth, and seriously polluted the environment. To take progress as the sustainable development way, save resource and improve environment, our nation has been advocating to construct the cycle economy and saving-oriented society. Taking the remanufacturing engineering as the representative, the “4R” rule (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Remanufacture) is the important measure to get the goal. Remanufacturing engineering is the industrialization of high-tech maintenance of the waste and worn productions, and is one of the most active factors in “4R”. The development of high and new technology takes the important effect to promote the remanufacturing engineering.

Low-Carbon Telecom Solution for China's Emission Reduction and Future Forecasts

Based on the revised reduction models of the 14 low-carbon ICT solutions from Chongqing Mobile of the China Mobile Group,the CO2e emission reduction brought about by low-carbon ICTs of the wireless telecom sector of Chongqing Mobile,the entire China Mobile Group and the whole China in 2009 is calculated.And then the CO2e emission reduction potentials in 2010,2020 and 2030 are calculated in four main important fields of China,i.e.,intelligent transportation,dematerialization,smart work and smart appliances.The ICTs in the telecom sector are mostly dedicated to these fields.It provides a valuable insight into future reduction targets that should be set up for China.

Science and Technology Associations and Social Governance of Britain in the Middle and Late 19^(th) Century

Civil science and technology associations have been widely springing up everywhere in Britain, especially the new industrial towns in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Associations held various academic activities, organized and funded scientific research, which played an important role in promoting the progress of science and technology and the development of industrial society. Based on case study on British Association for the Advancement of Science and Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society by academic circles at home and abroad, development situation of British science and technology associations in the middle and late 19^(th) century is summarized, and a series of activities of associations participating in industrial and agricultural development and environmental health reform are systematically sorted out, while the promoting role of science and technology associations in the social development of Britain in the 19^(th) century is explored.

The Challenges of Microelectronics for the Future Digital Society: The Roles of Thin Film Technologies and of the Higher Education

The new digital society is based on Internet of Things (IoT) and related connected objects are becoming more prevalent around the world. This evolution implies innovation in many areas of technology, the heart of which is microelectronics. Connected objects involve many technological components and functions that are directly dependent of the microelectronics capabilities. If the perspectives are exciting, several challenges are appearing. The first is related to the energy consumption of all these objects, which will become enormous by 2030, and unrealistic by 2040. The second is human resources concern. The future engineers and PhD will have many obstacles to overcome. A way to face these challenges is to involve more and more new thin film technologies that must be combined with VLSI ones, and to better train students to this domain with enough know-how and with a large spectrum of knowledge suitable for multidisciplinary applications. The French national network for Higher Education in microelectronics has adopted this strategy. After presentation of the challenges, this paper deals with the innovative activities of the French network focused on thin film technologies, in order to face the challenges in a short future.

A Compliance Society: Social Form and Legal Form of Future

Algorithm-based technologies are promoting the arrival of legal singularity-a time node when the transformation of legal form happens.Frontier researches have demonstrated that artificial intelligence and big data technology will drive the reform of legal system.This article puts forward a new academic model“the compliance society”,which can be defined as a society where all legal subjects abide by the law proactively.The concept is a novel vision of the society of future based on the maximum utilization of modern legal technology.We first explore the feasibility of constructing a compliance society,and then use cost-benefit analysis to assess the possible socio-economic effects.

Managers and Information Society： A Croatian Experience

In modem society information has become one of the most important resources, playing a crucial role in everyday life. As a result, information technology （IT） is now an indispensable tool in the business world, which has a direct impact on company competitiveness and performance. With all the changes in business environment there is also a dramatic shift in the way the management functions. In order to efficiently perform their tasks and thus rise up to the challenges of the information society, managers need not only to master appropriate IT skills, but also to understand the processes launched by the information revolution. The aim of this paper was to determine the extent to which Croatian managers are prepared for the information society. In addition to the data regarding the level of IT equipment at managers＇ disposal, the paper presents the results on computer usage, self-assessment of IT competencies, and the level of acceptance of modern technologies. Although satisfactory attainment has been recorded in some areas, the results of the analysis reveal that additional effort should be devoted to further improve computer and information literacy of Croatian managers.

Biomechanical Analysis of the STS Movement and Impact of an Assistive Device on the Elderly and People with Displacement Difficulties

This study presents a biomechanical analysis of the performance of the STS(sit-to-stand)movement applied to elderly and people with difficulty of displacement comparing it with and without an assistive technology device.A biomechanical kinemetry method was used for the movement evaluation.A two-dimensional virtual human model was developed through segmented ergonomic video analysis and the data obtained were numerically simulated to measure the inertial forces and torques of the complete execution of the STS movement.The device allows a vertical elevation of 0 to 400 mm and an anterior slope of up to 25°.A prototype was used to compare the movement with and without the assistive device.As a result,the torques in the lower limbs’joints and the vertical ground reaction forces were reduced by up to 60%and 23%,respectively.There was a reduction of up to 37°in the maximum trunk flexion angle during the cycle.The horizontal displacement of the center of mass was reduced by up to 70%.

Challenges and Possibilities for the Household Medicine Lease （HML） System Viewed in Light of CRM： HML-Based Everyday Self-Medication in Ubiquitous Network Society

Household medicine lease （HML） industry originated way back in the Edo period （17C-19C）, when it was promoted by the local fiefdom government to revitalize the economy. Accumulations of wealth, acquired thereafter from everywhere outside the region, have culminated in the formation of the present-day industrial cluster in Toyama, the largest in the whole area facing the Sea of Japan. Today an adaptation of the quasi-CRM （customer relationship management） business model of the HML system has proved to be a success in Mongolia. This fact seems to offer the authors some clues for dealing with those problems that healthcare and medical services in Japan and elsewhere are riddled with. In this paper, focusing on the common critical success factors （CSFs） behind the success of the authors＇ prototype HML system and its recent successful application in Mongolia, the authors will analyze these factors from the perspective of CRM. The authors will then clarify the following： （1） the usefulness of the business model for ensuring primary healthcare for people in developing countries; （2） the usefulness in our ubiquitous network society of applying ICT to the HML system; （3） possible contributions that the use of the system can make toward improving the quality of our everyday healthcare and medical services in our prominently aging society; and the authors will also suggest （4） the importance of elevating ＂individual self-medication＂ to ＂community-based self-medication＂.

A Research on Senior People Online Consumption in China-From Perspective of Providing Technology Support

While the internet skills of the elderly is no longer a big problem,it is still necessary to further improve the online shopping experience and activity of the elderly.Evidently,the frequency of seniors shopping online is not nearly as high as the younger generation,as the elderly online shopping frequency is still calculated by weeks.People with higher education and younger age are more likely to accept technology products and understand how to use them,but people with lower education and older age will find it harder to use technology product.The majority of the elderly have a vision for the further development of technology to help them.This study shows that the elderly group shopping demand is large,but when the majority of the elderly choose offline consumption,the option of just a simple online solution is insufficient.Some shopping apps have made improvements in such aspects as font enlargement,color contrast enhancement and simplified operation steps.However,these improvements only solved the superficial problems,and failed to consider and solve the problems based on the experience of the elderly.

数字化转型赋能职业教育高质量发展的内在逻辑与推进策略

职业教育数字化转型既是全面推进职业教育综合改革的新动能,也是促进职业教育高质量发展的关键性工程。数字化转型赋能职业教育高质量发展的本质在于依托数字技术实现职业教育系统的数字化重构,进而提升职业教育“自系统”的生命活力和融入“他系统”的跨界动力。在数字化转型赋能职业教育高质量发展的过程中,数据系统是信息依存,数字技术是动能基础,数字协同是稳健力量,数字社会是现实保障。数字化转型赋能职业教育高质量发展需要遵循育人质量、办学效率、制度建构和教育空间的多维价值,从赋能顶层设计、扩充数字资源、优化虚实场地、强化师资培养等方面着手,最大限度地发挥数字化的效能。

底线思维与科技审度:高风险社会治理的要义与进路

当前AI大爆发及其应对乏力表明,西方科技发展模式的缺陷与人类社会的脆弱及学界研究的薄弱,更加凸显人类风险防控机制存在诸多漏洞及其引发的科技危机与人类安全危机,已把人类带入高风险社会。用底线思维与刘大椿提出的科技审度予以破解:底线思维解决非共识下的议而不决;科技审度和审度思维所特有的执两用中、包容互补、多元开放、整合升级、共识决策等,可提供有效的治理对策。科技转型是治理科技风险的根本解决之道,科技审度可发挥重要的启发与引导作用,以构建真善美的新型科技发展模式,加快世界科学中心建设,据此总结出高风险社会治理的要义与进路,以作为科技风险治理的研究指南。

数字社会身份管理的现状、问题及对策

当前,我国正全面迈入数字社会,对国家数字化管理能力提出新的要求。身份管理作为新时期数字中国建设和社会安全保障的重要基础支撑,直接关系到国家安全、社会安全和个人安全。本文研判了数字身份支撑数字社会管理能力发展面临的主要挑战,剖析了数字身份管理的基本现状与面临的关键问题,提出了构建安全可靠的数字社会身份管理能力发展目标与主要任务,分析了构建中国特色数字身份体系关键技术的发展趋势。研究建议,加强顶层设计、制定实施路线图,完善相关法律法规,构建“中心化管理+分布式认证”混合架构的数字身份管理体系,强化数字身份监管能力,加强参与方规范管理,推动生态合作,积极参与全球治理,以此推动数字身份体系建设,助力数字社会管理行稳致远。

高职科技类社团对学生专业技能的影响及改进策略研究——以湖北工业职业技术学院CAD协会为例

本文以校内学生CAD协会为例,应用问卷调查、座谈交流和比较研究等方法分析了学术科技类社团对高职土建类学生识图能力、绘图能力和建模能力的影响,并从多方面揭示了社团运行过程中存在的问题,提出了以学术科技类社团为载体进一步提升高职学生专业能力的改进措施。

全球科技社团发展现状与趋势

科技社团与科技创新相辅相成,是驱动国家创新发展的重要社会力量。基于2019至2022年世界一流科技社团评估数据库,以3 016家全球科技社团为研究样本,通过大样本跨案例比较、统计分析、规范分析等方法,从组织维度、功能维度和影响维度总结了全球科技社团的发展特征与规律,发现全球科技社团日益呈现出治理敏捷化、功能集成化、业务生态化、运营公司化、服务泛在化、资源开放化、影响大众化、组织联合化、合作全球化、地位进阶化等十大发展趋势。凝练和把握全球科技社团发展现状与趋势,为赋予全球科技社团踔厉奋发的使命感、增强政府部门对科技社团治理的决策力、激发全球学界对科技社团研究的兴趣,推动科技社团更好地服务全球科技创新发展,促进科技向善、造福人类社会提供参考和启示。