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Analysis of Staffing and Training Needs for Effective Delivery of Extension Service in Sustainable Land Management in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
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作者 John F. Kessy 《Open Journal of Soil Science》 2014年第13期459-468,共10页
An assessment of staffing and training needs for effective delivery of extension services in mainstreaming sustainable land management (SLM) practices in Kilimanjaro Region was conducted in June/July 2013. Data collec... An assessment of staffing and training needs for effective delivery of extension services in mainstreaming sustainable land management (SLM) practices in Kilimanjaro Region was conducted in June/July 2013. Data collection methods included discussions with key informants at the regional and district levels, consultations with village level stakeholders and potential collaborators, review of human resources data both at regional, district and ward levels and collection of individual staff bio-data including capacity deficiencies. The staffing situation at the regional and district levels was considered to be adequate for effective mainstreaming of SLM interventions in the region. Staffing at ward and village levels was very poor and largely inadequate for sustainable execution of extension services. It is optimistically estimated that on average the staffing at ward level needs to be increased by at least 50%. In some districts the deficiency of extension staff at ward level was as high as 80%. Training needs exist at all levels from the region down to community level. At the regional and district levels both long and short term training programs were required. At the community level required training is more practical and purely focused in mainstreaming SLM interventions at individual households and community lands. Potential collaborators with local government were identified in four main categories namely, NGOs/CBOs, private sector, government departments and faith-based organizations. The study recommends a capacity building program on specific knowledge gaps identified at regional, district, ward and village levels. The study further recommends that immediate measures need to be taken by the district authorities to address the staffing problem at ward level including recruitment of volunteers and developing collaboration framework with identified potential partners. 展开更多
关键词 STAFFING TRAINING extension services SUSTAINABLE LAND Management
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Stakeholders’ Participation in Agricultural Farmers’ Extension Services Programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case of the Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) Programme in Uganda
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作者 Michael Peters Galukande-Kiganda Rose Nalumansi 《Economics World》 2021年第1期23-28,共6页
The paper presents findings from a study carried out to assess the contribution of stakeholders’participation on the performance of the national agricultural farmers’extension services programme in Uganda known as O... The paper presents findings from a study carried out to assess the contribution of stakeholders’participation on the performance of the national agricultural farmers’extension services programme in Uganda known as Operation Wealth Creation(OWEC).Specifically,the study sought to establish how participatory planning,budgeting,monitoring and evaluation(M&E)respectively contributed to the performance of OWC in selected district in central Uganda.The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis techniques and employed both questionnaires and interview guides on key participants in the programme.Findings of the study indicated positive relationships between stakeholders’participation and programme performance with participatory planning,budgeting and M&E all having positive significant effects on the performance of OWC programme.The study concluded that indeed stakeholders’participation contributed to improved performance of the OWC programme.The study recommends increased funding and M&E of the agricultural extension programmes for improved performance. 展开更多
关键词 stakeholders participation agricultural farmers’extension services Operation Wealth Creation Programme
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Present Situation of Rural Regional Development and Agricultural Extension Policy
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作者 Xinran ZHAO 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2023年第8期35-37,40,共4页
The formulation of agricultural extension policy and the development of rural regional economy present the relationship of mutual existence,mutual influence and mutual promotion.Therefore,it is necessary to study the ... The formulation of agricultural extension policy and the development of rural regional economy present the relationship of mutual existence,mutual influence and mutual promotion.Therefore,it is necessary to study the agricultural extension policy according to the current situation of rural regional development.Agricultural technology extension system is an organization set up at county and township levels to provide farmers with scientific research achievements and practical technical services on planting,animal husbandry,fishery,forestry,agricultural machinery and water conservancy,and it is an important carrier for implementing the strategy of developing agriculture through science and technology.On the basis of expounding the value and significance of rural regional economic development,this paper analyzes the problems existing in China s rural regional development from the aspects of rural infrastructure and public services,rural labor force s cultural and scientific level,rural grass-roots extension system,etc.,and puts forward corresponding measures against the problems.This study has certain theoretical reference value for promoting the all-round development of China s rural economy and realizing the great strategy of rural revitalization in China. 展开更多
关键词 Rural regional development Rural public services Rural infrastructure Agricultural technology extension system Agricultural extension policy
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A Novel Active Network Architecture Based on Extensible Services Router
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作者 徐恪 XU +4 位作者 Mingwei Wu Jianping Yu Zhongchao 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2003年第2期51-56,共6页
Active networks are a new kind of packet-switched networks in which packets have code fragments that are executed on the intermediary nodes (routers). The code can extend or modify the foundation architecture of a net... Active networks are a new kind of packet-switched networks in which packets have code fragments that are executed on the intermediary nodes (routers). The code can extend or modify the foundation architecture of a network. In this paper, the authors present a novel active network architecture combined with advantages of two major active networks technology based on extensible services router. The architecture consists of extensible service router, active extensible components server and key distribution center (KDC). Users can write extensible service components with programming interface. At the present time, we have finished the extensible services router prototype system based on Highly Efficient Router Operating System (HEROS), active extensible components server and KDC prototype system based on Linux. 展开更多
关键词 computer networks extensible services active network AUTHENTICATION
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Research on Software Architecture of the Extensible Services Router
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作者 徐恪 XU +2 位作者 Mingwei Wu Jianping 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2002年第2期35-38,共4页
With the rapid development of network technology, it is increasingly important to dynamically upgrade router’s software. In this paper, the authors present new software architecture to be applied to extensible servic... With the rapid development of network technology, it is increasingly important to dynamically upgrade router’s software. In this paper, the authors present new software architecture to be applied to extensible services router. The novel feature of the architecture is the ability to dynamically load and configure extensible components at run time. Each component implements one function such as packets classification, packets scheduling and routing protocol. We design a simple configuration language (ESRCL) to configure and manage the router. The architecture can be configured according to the packet flows. At present, a prototype system based on highly efficient router operating system (HEROS) has been finished. 展开更多
关键词 software architecture extended services router extensible component
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Web Service运行管理平台的研究与实现 被引量:22
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作者 舒剑 胡春明 +1 位作者 葛声 怀进鹏 《计算机研究与发展》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2004年第3期442-450,共9页
WebService技术为异构应用之间的集成和互操作提供了有效的解决手段 ,目前多数WebService平台仅支持SOAP消息的解析 ,尚未考虑SOAP的多种绑定方式、安全扩展保证和多种功能实现方式的集成等共性处理需求 因此 ,提出并研制一个层次化的W... WebService技术为异构应用之间的集成和互操作提供了有效的解决手段 ,目前多数WebService平台仅支持SOAP消息的解析 ,尚未考虑SOAP的多种绑定方式、安全扩展保证和多种功能实现方式的集成等共性处理需求 因此 ,提出并研制一个层次化的WebService运行管理平台 ,通过抽象出运行时对象作为WebService共性问题处理的基础 ,设计可配置、可扩展的链式处理结构满足WebService处理需求的变化 ,并提供集成不同业务功能的统一接入方式 。 展开更多
关键词 WEB service JAVA管理扩展 运行态 部署态 链式处理
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基于Web Services的跨企业分布式工作流管理 被引量:9
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作者 陈廷斌 吴伟 《计算机工程》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2004年第16期36-38,共3页
在讨论工作流研究现状的基础上,提出了基于Web Services跨企业多层次工作流管理模型。研究了构件化松散耦合的跨企业分布式工作流系统和一个基于Web Services的定单处理工作流实例。
关键词 WEB serviceS 可扩展标记语言 工作流 供应链
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基于SOAP协议的Web Service安全基础规范(WS-Security) 被引量:30
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作者 石伟鹏 杨小虎 《计算机应用研究》 CSCD 北大核心 2003年第2期100-102,105,共4页
讨论了WebService现有安全解决方案存在的问题,阐述了WS Security规范的内容和架构,以及对此的解决方法;随后给出了一个在WS Security框架内进行安全信息交换的实例;最后,介绍了WS Secu rity现有的实现以及未来的发展方向。
关键词 SOAP WEBservice 计算机网络 网络安全 安全信息交换 安全基础规范
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基于Web services的XML引擎安全模型研究 被引量:4
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作者 张艳 周明天 佘堃 《计算机应用研究》 CSCD 北大核心 2008年第7期2161-2163,2170,共4页
Web services提供软件接口,实现Internet上服务的调用。它以XML为基础,使用了基于XML语言的协议来描述要执行的操作或要与另一个Web服务交换的数据。SOAP是Web services的传输层协议,所有的SOAP消息均使用XML编码。XML engine是建立在We... Web services提供软件接口,实现Internet上服务的调用。它以XML为基础,使用了基于XML语言的协议来描述要执行的操作或要与另一个Web服务交换的数据。SOAP是Web services的传输层协议,所有的SOAP消息均使用XML编码。XML engine是建立在Web service上的一种技术。在整个Web服务应用中,XML处于消息层的位置,而XML engine则针对Web服务应用中的XML进行操作,所以称做消息层网关。在XML engine平台上,通过动态共享对象(DSO)机制,将加密、解密、签名、验证、过滤等模块动态加载到Apache服务器上,实现对XML信息的消息层过滤,保证了Web services的安全。此技术可以应用于在一切基于XML的数据过滤,并不限于对SOAP包的过滤。 展开更多
关键词 网络服务 可扩展标记语言 XML引擎 过滤
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基于Web service的企业协同集成改进方案研究 被引量:3
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作者 朱芸 潘燕华 许金波 《江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 北大核心 2007年第1期90-94,共5页
从企业协同集成的实际需求出发,针对企业传统集成技术的缺陷,引入了基于可扩展标记语言XML(Extensible Markup Lanquaqe)的Web service技术的体系架构,并且利用这一技术分析了基于Webservice的企业协同集成解决方案,同时在此基础上提出... 从企业协同集成的实际需求出发,针对企业传统集成技术的缺陷,引入了基于可扩展标记语言XML(Extensible Markup Lanquaqe)的Web service技术的体系架构,并且利用这一技术分析了基于Webservice的企业协同集成解决方案,同时在此基础上提出了改进方案,最后给出了实施Web service的思路和方法。 展开更多
关键词 协同集成 WEB服务 可扩展标记语言
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基于XML Web Service的气象信息发布服务 被引量:2
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作者 庞晓琼 陈立潮 《中北大学学报(自然科学版)》 EI CAS 2006年第5期416-419,共4页
根据气象信息发布的现状,结合统一的W eb服务对象封装技术,提出了一种跨平台、无缝集成的方案:采用XM L W eb服务发布气象信息.结合XM L W eb服务特点给出一种气象服务体系结构,从而实现了跨平台和不同语言的应用集成.
关键词 气象信息 可扩展标记语言 WEB服务
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基于物理隔离环境下的Web Service访问研究 被引量:3
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作者 戴伟 陈永艳 《计算机技术与发展》 2010年第4期167-170,共4页
随着标准的成熟和应用普及,Web Service已经成为一种标准化的松散耦合集成模式,是提供异构系统集成的最佳的解决方案之一。提出了一种在物理隔离环境下,利用网闸设备的文件交换功能进行Web Service通讯的机制,阐述了具备SOAP校验及服务... 随着标准的成熟和应用普及,Web Service已经成为一种标准化的松散耦合集成模式,是提供异构系统集成的最佳的解决方案之一。提出了一种在物理隔离环境下,利用网闸设备的文件交换功能进行Web Service通讯的机制,阐述了具备SOAP校验及服务重映射、SOAP序列化的多进程网络代理的实现思路,该实现思路借鉴了SOAP中介体的设计原理,遵循WSDL和SOAP协议规范,并使用XML文件作为底层通信基本数据单元,能够较好地解决在物理隔离环境下Web Service的远程调用所遇到的问题,提出的方法已经成功应用于具体工作。 展开更多
关键词 WEB service代理 物理隔离 黜扩展 wSDL校验
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Web Services体系结构与实现机制探讨 被引量:16
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作者 魏楚元 《航空计算技术》 2003年第1期101-105,共5页
论述了正在迅速发展的Web服务的概念及其体系结构,讨论了构建Web服务的三大核心技术,即SOAP、WSDL和UDDI,并对其进行了详细的分析和探讨,最后分析了Web服务的运行机制。
关键词 WEBserviceS XML SOAP WSDL 网络协议 网络结构
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用基于XML的Web Service技术实现资源共享 被引量:6
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作者 王法玉 薛彦兵 《天津理工大学学报》 2006年第3期16-18,共3页
随着网络技术发展以及电子商务系统的应用,需要将原有的众多内部系统资源进行共享,并且将它们和现有网站系统相联系,以达到不同部门之间可以充分利用现有资源.本文讨论基于XML的W eb Service技术以及如何使用该技术来进行单位内部资源共享.
关键词 WEB服务 可扩展标记语言 简单对象访问协议 WEB服务描述语言 统一描述 发现和集成协议
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.NET中Web Services事务管理研究 被引量:1
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作者 胡俊敏 王进 《沈阳师范大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2009年第4期451-453,共3页
Web Services采用了面向服务(Service-Oriented Architecture,SOA)的体系结构,具有跨平台性、松散耦合和良好的互操作性优点,能有效地支持软件的集成。它的出现对分布式事务提出了新的挑战。在集成和交互过程中,Web Services需要事务的... Web Services采用了面向服务(Service-Oriented Architecture,SOA)的体系结构,具有跨平台性、松散耦合和良好的互操作性优点,能有效地支持软件的集成。它的出现对分布式事务提出了新的挑战。在集成和交互过程中,Web Services需要事务的支持以获得一致和可靠的结果。主要阐述了Web Services的事务管理现状,分析了它的主要缺陷,最后提出了利用SOAP事务扩展机制解决Web Services的完全事务管理。 展开更多
关键词 WEB serviceS 事务管理 SOAP事务扩展
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基于Web Services的医疗资源共享设计与实现 被引量:1
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作者 李严 袁一平 +1 位作者 张谊辉 李刚 《长春工业大学学报》 CAS 2004年第1期5-8,共4页
基于XML的WebServices技术是当今IT业的第三次革命,对该技术进行了详细的剖析,应用该技术解决医疗资源的共享问题。
关键词 XML SOAP WSDL UDDI 医院信息系统
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基于Web Service的高校资源管理平台研究 被引量:1
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作者 游凯何 李立君 +1 位作者 陈晓纪 刘华锋 《电脑学习》 2010年第4期138-139,共2页
文中首先阐述了高校在整合信息资源方面存在的问题,然后介绍了Web Service体系结构以及Web Service的服务协议,最后提出了一个基于Web Service的高校资源管理平台的设计方案,并对方案的关键部分进行了研究。
关键词 WEB service 高校资源管理平台 体系结构 扩展SOAP
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Web Service中身份验证体系的研究与应用 被引量:8
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作者 吴晨 王忠民 《计算机应用研究》 CSCD 北大核心 2003年第7期80-82,107,共4页
首先介绍了基于SOAP协议的WebService的实现原理,并将WebService与传统的应用进行比较,从中引出WebService身份验证的新特点,提出了在WebService中实现身份验证的一个理想方法,并基于该方法,提出了具有身份验证的WebService的客户端实现。
关键词 WEB service SOAP 可扩展标记语言 身份验证
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基于XML的Web Services GUI的实现 被引量:3
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作者 张洪 万晓榆 樊自甫 《重庆邮电学院学报(自然科学版)》 2005年第4期499-503,共5页
基于XML的W eb Service GUI具有便于编写和创建的优点,因此提出了一种基于XML技术(如X form,XS-LT)创建的W eb Service GUI体系结构,该模型很好地支持了在W eb浏览器中直接调用W eb Service,对其拥有的UI特征和相关的XML文件作了详细的... 基于XML的W eb Service GUI具有便于编写和创建的优点,因此提出了一种基于XML技术(如X form,XS-LT)创建的W eb Service GUI体系结构,该模型很好地支持了在W eb浏览器中直接调用W eb Service,对其拥有的UI特征和相关的XML文件作了详细的分析,并对W SGUI作出了展望。 展开更多
关键词 XML WEB service UI特征 GUI
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Agricultural Extension in Balochistan, Pakistan:Date Palm Farmers' Access and Satisfaction 被引量:3
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作者 BALOCH A.Mumtaz THAPA B.Gopal 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2014年第4期1035-1048,共14页
This study analyzed information gathered from 200 date palm households in the mountainous Panjgur District of Balochistan in Pakistan with the aim of determining date farmers' access to and satisfaction with agricult... This study analyzed information gathered from 200 date palm households in the mountainous Panjgur District of Balochistan in Pakistan with the aim of determining date farmers' access to and satisfaction with agricultural extension services. Information was collected through a structured questionnaire survey, group discussions and semi- structured personal interviews. The findings of the analysis revealed very poor access to extension services. The results of logistic regression analysis identified five variables out of six which significantly influence date farmers' access to extension services: household bead's age, household bead's literacy, number of date palm trees owned, mostly inherited date palm trees, and percentage of dead date palm trees. The overwhelming majority of farmers were dissatisfied with all three main types of extension services being provided by public extension officials. Explanations for this as well as for associations between access to extension services and the six independent variables are provided. Important policy conclusions are drawn based on the findings. 展开更多
关键词 Agricultural extension services Datepalm farmers ACCESS SATISFACTION BALOCHISTAN
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