A framework of force of information influence and application for C4KISR system

The subversive nature of information war lies not only in the information itself, but also in the circulation and application of information. It has always been a challenge to quantitatively analyze the function and effect of information flow through command, control, communications, computer, kill, intelligence,surveillance, reconnaissance (C4KISR) system. In this work, we propose a framework of force of information influence and the methods for calculating the force of information influence between C4KISR nodes of sensing, intelligence processing,decision making and fire attack. Specifically, the basic concept of force of information influence between nodes in C4KISR system is formally proposed and its mathematical definition is provided. Then, based on the information entropy theory, the model of force of information influence between C4KISR system nodes is constructed. Finally, the simulation experiments have been performed under an air defense and attack scenario. The experimental results show that, with the proposed force of information influence framework, we can effectively evaluate the contribution of information circulation through different C4KISR system nodes to the corresponding tasks. Our framework of force of information influence can also serve as an effective tool for the design and dynamic reconfiguration of C4KISR system architecture.

基于双卫星导航接收机的测控装备精度验收方法研究

针对测控装备精度验收的问题,提出了采用双卫星导航接收机的测控装备精度验收方案,给出精度验收的一般流程,详细推导了一种不同于传统的真值计算新方法,并提供了此方法的具体算法和模型。在理论分析的基础上,采用算例进行计算和分析,结果表明基于双卫星导航接收机的测控装备精度验收方法,可以事先根据测控装备的精度指标,分析所需卫星导航接收机的指标,同时也可以为航路设计提供定量数据支撑,节省测控装备精度验收的人力与物力,可以在测控装备精度验收的相关领域推广应用。

一种航天测控冗余跟踪弧段处理方法

随着在轨航天器的日益增多,测控资源的需求量也日益增大,因此,其使用效率也倍受关注。当航天器重要测控弧段安排多个测控设备进行全力跟踪时,很容易出现测控弧段搭接或完全被覆盖的情况。为有效利用现有测控资源,针对弧段搭接的情况,提出了一种基于冗余度评价函数的跟踪弧段处理方法,该方法在不降低跟踪总时长情况下,通过合理有效地配置测控资源,剔除了冗余跟踪弧段,提高了现有测控资源的使用效率。

Simulation method for reliability of TT&C mission with high redundancy and small time horizon

The tracking, telemetry and command （TT＆C） mission is extremely reliable for its characters of small time horizon and high redundancy. The combined forcing and failure biasing （CFFB） method that is usually used for simulating the unreliability of the highly dependable mission system seems not so efficient for the TT＆C mission. The concept about the importance of failure transition is proposed based on the logical relationship between TT＆C mission and its involved resources. Then, the importance is used for readjusting the transition rate of the failure transition when using the forcing and failure biasing during the simulation. Examples show that the improved CFFB method can evidently increase the occurrence of the TT＆C mission failure event and decrease the sample variance. More redundancy of the TT＆C mission leads to the improved CFFB method more efficient.

A NEW ALGORITHM FOR MAIN CARRIER ACQUISITION IN DEEP SPACE COMMUNICATIONS

Compared with common near space satellite Telemetry,Telecommand,and Communication(TT&C),deep space TT&C presents a more challenging environment such as long distance,very low Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR).How to acquire main carrier exactly becomes a hot focus for deep space communications.Already there emerged some main carrier acquisition algorithms,but they all require high SNR and small modulation index.In this paper,we develop a new acquire algorithm.First we use the spectral energy center algorithm to shorten the original sequence,filter out some noise and make the spectral more symmetric.Then we adopt the spectral symmetry algorithm to make full use of the whole spectrum information,and utilize FFT to reduce computation complexity.Simulation results show that our algorithm can acquire main carrier successfully under large modulation index and get good performance with low Carrier to Noise Ratio(CNR).

Continuous-Wave Interference Mitigation for Acquisition Method in Unified Carrier TT&C Systems

An interference mitigation for acquisition method,based on both energy center and spectrum symmetry detection,has been proposed as a possible solution to the problem of signal acquisition susceptibility to continuous-wave interference(CWI)in unified carrier telemetry,tracking,and command(TT&C)systems.With subcarrier modulation index as a priori condition,the existence of CWI is determined by comparing the energy center with the symmetric center.In the presence of interference,the interference frequency point is assumed and culled;sequentially,the spectral symmetry is used to verify whether the signal acquisition is realized.Theoretical analysis,simulations,and experimental results demonstrate that the method can realize the acquisition of the main carrier target signal with an interference-to-signal ratio of 31 dB,which represents an improvement over the existing continuous-wave interference mitigation for acquisition methods.

基于多目标优化的测控数传资源动态重调度方法

近年来,地面站资源测控数传任务的一体化调度方法受到了越来越多的关注。针对任务随遇处理条件下的测控数传资源调度问题,建立了面向多个优化目标的测控数传资源动态重调度数学模型,提出基于启发式规则和多目标非支配解排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅲ,NSGA-Ⅲ)的地面站测控数传资源一体化动态重调度算法,可生成侧重不同优化目标的多个规划方案供规划人员备选。实验结果表明该方法能有效解决测控数传资源多目标动态重调度问题。

An executable modeling and analyzing approach to C4ISR architecture

To analyze the behavioral model of the command,control,communication,computer,intelligence,surveillance,reconnaissance(C4ISR)architecture,we propose an executable modeling and analyzing approach to it.First,the meta concept model of the C4ISR architecture is introduced.According to the meta concept model,we construct the executable meta models of the C4ISR architecture by extending the meta models of fUML.Then,we define the concrete syntax and executable activity algebra(EAA)semantics for executable models.The semantics functions are introduced to translating the syntax description of executable models into the item of EAA.To support the execution of models,we propose the executable rules which are the structural operational semantics of EAA.Finally,an area air defense of the C4ISR system is used to illustrate the feasibility of the approach.

CCSDS统一空间数据链路协议应用分析

针对TM、TC、AOS、Proximity-1四种空间数据链路协议的应用局限性,对CCSDS(国际空间数据系统咨询委员会)提出的统一空间数据链路协议(Unified Space Data Link Protocol,USLP)规范进行分析,介绍了USLP传输帧主导头和数据域中各个字段的设计驱动,以及与其他空间数据链路协议的差异。对于服务数据单元信道复用传输需求,梳理了物理信道、主信道、虚拟信道、多路复用访问信道的服务类型,明确了数据传输服务、信道复用、信道标识、服务数据单元之间的关联关系。以遥测遥控数据空间链路传输为例,分析了USLP的适用性和推荐设置。

Hierarchical Disturbance Propagation Mechanism and Improved Contract Net Protocol for Satellite TT&C Resource Dynamic Scheduling

The practical engineering of satellite tracking telemetry and command(TT&C)is often disturbed by unpredictable external factors,including the temporary rise in a significant quantity of satellite TT&C tasks,temporary failures and failures of some TT&C resources,and so on.To improve the adaptability and robustness of satellite TT&C systems when faced with uncertain dynamic disturbances,a hierarchical disturbance propagation mechanism and an improved contract network dynamic scheduling method for satellite TT&C resources were designed to address the dynamic scheduling problem of satellite TT&C resources.Firstly,the characteristics of the dynamic scheduling problem of satellite TT&C resources are analyzed,and a mathematical model is established with the weighted optimization objectives of maximizing the revenue from task completion and minimizing the degree of plan disturbance.Then,a bottom-up distributed dynamic collaborative scheduling framework for satellite TT&C resources is proposed,which includes a task layer,a resource layer,a central internal collaboration layer,and a central external collaboration layer.Dynamic disturbances are propagated layer by layer from the task layer to the central external collaboration layer in a bottom-up manner,using efficient heuristic strategies in the task layer and the resource layer,respectively.We use improved contract network algorithms in the center internal collaboration layer and the center external collaboration layer,the original scheduling plan is quickly adjusted to minimize the impact of disturbances while effectively completing dynamic task requirements.Finally,a large number of simulation experiments were carried out and compared with various comparative algorithms.The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the solution effect of satellite TT&C resource dynamic scheduling problems,and has good application prospects.

基于射频指纹的卫星测控地面站身份识别方法

传统卫星测控通常采用加密认证安全机制,存在身份假冒、欺骗等安全问题,该文提出一种基于射频指纹的卫星测控地面站身份识别方法,并设计了一种面向星载平台的轻量化卷积神经网络。该网络首先使用IQ方向上的卷积层提取IQ信号相关特征,将2维数据降成了1维,再使用时序方向上的多层卷积提取信号的时域结构特征,之后使用最大池化层降低数据维度,在充分利用IQ信号中包含的原始特征信息的同时减小计算量,最后经过两层全连接层进行分类,实现对卫星测控地面站身份识别。仿真实验表明,该方法对21台发射机个体的平均准确率为93.8%,较传统的支持向量机方法提高了39.8%,较DLRF网络模型、ORACLE网络模型分别提高了11.5%,29.8%,且具有鲁棒性强、轻量化的优点。该文所提方法对于提高卫星测控链路安全性具有一定的理论参考和工程应用价值。

基于DQN的异构测控资源联合调度方法

以异构测控网资源联合调度为研究对象,提出一种基于强化学习的深度Q网络(deep Q network, DQN)算法。在充分分析异构测控资源联合调度问题特点后,用数学语言对影响问题求解的约束条件进行描述,建立了资源联合调度模型;从应用强化学习解决问题的角度,对求解的问题进行马尔科夫决策过程描述后,分别设计了2个结构相同的神经网络和基于ε贪婪算法的动作选择策略,并建立了DQN求解框架。仿真结果表明:基于DQN的异构测控资源调度方法较遗传算法能够找到调度收益更优的测控调度方案。

基于贝叶斯估计的特征事件判别方法研究

针对利用遥测指令参数进行特征事件自动判别时,现有方法忽略了数据源之间相互印证的条件,仅依据测量值相同来判别特征事件的发生时间,存在一定的误判概率,提出了一种基于贝叶斯估计的特征事件判别方法。方法不仅利用了当前数据源的测量值,同时还兼顾特征事件固有的先验分布信息,能够有效提高自动判别的准确率。首先,通过对特征事件数据源的内涵进行分析,得出了不同数据源相互印证的条件;其次,通过对历史数据进行统计分析,建立了特征事件发生时间的正态分布概率模型,并以此为基础提出了基于贝叶斯最大后验估计算法,设计了完整的特征事件判别方法;最后,通过工程数据的仿真计算和结果分析,验证了方法在特征事件判别中的实用性和有效性。

无人机综合一体化测控终端设计

现有无人机(UAV)测控终端设备综合化程度不高,互通能力较差,不能满足未来无人机的模块化、综合化、通用化发展趋势。针对上述问题,采用“系统高度集成+功能综合可重构”的模式,提出一种可适用于机载,也可适用于地面的无人机综合一体化测控终端设计。采用标准模块构建开放式硬件平台,实现高集成综合处理能力;设计了动态重构的通信波形加载机制,完成通用测控链路中通信体制的在线更新及升级;进行标准化通信协议研究,提供不同型号测控链路的互联互通基础。实测结果表明,该设计可在数分钟内完成动态重构并有效支撑不同任务。

5.5m车载测控雷达天线自动收展的实现与面精度仿真

为了改善车载测控雷达天线的机动性,提高作战效率,满足装车运输规范及降低劳动强度,文中对测控天线反射体进行合理分块,在面板之间设计折叠机构,布置展开到位高精度定位机构。反射体左右面板旋转180°,左右面板中的两侧边块旋转30°,然后整个面板翻转55°;前后面板旋转33°,副面旋转158°,多次折叠后满足铁路和公路运输要求。同时采用力学仿真与优化以确保反射面面精度,面精度均方根值优于0.8 mm。改变了深反射面车载测控雷达天线仅可通过拆装实现转场的现状,实现了天线的自动收展。

基于AHP的威胁评估与排序模型研究

层次分析法(AnalyticHierarchyProcess,简称AHP)把一个复杂问题表示为有序的递阶层次结构,通过定性判断和定量计算,将经验判断给予量化,对决策方案进行排序,是一种定性分析与定量分析相结合的决策分析方法,适用于多准则决策问题。通过仿真实验用AHP根据威胁程度的大小对敌空袭目标进行排序,介绍了威胁评估和排序的求解过程,以此提供敌空袭目标对我保卫目标或区域所构成的威胁等级。该方法有效地解决了对敌空中目标威胁评估与排序问题。

测控站布局对区域卫星导航系统的影响

建立区域卫星导航系统的测控网是卫星导航系统要解决的关键问题之一。讨论国内测控站的布设问题,采用网格计算方法分析国内测控站对导航星座的可观测性。引入位置精度衰减因子PDOP和定轨中的法矩阵条件数,分析测控网对导航星座的观测几何结构强度以及测站位置分布对轨道确定精度的影响,仿真结果表明,利用我国有限的国土跨度和航天测控资源可以确保对导航卫星的测控任务的完成。对在国外布设测控站进行讨论和仿真,结果说明位于国外的测控站(如可在澳大利亚的珀斯设站)的加入能明显改善观测的几何结构强度、提高导航卫星的轨道精度。

基于模型的卫星测控信息流数字化设计方法研究与实现

测控信息流设计是卫星信息总体设计的重要组成部分,设计结果体现了卫星遥测遥控信息流向,其合理性和正确性决定了卫星资源配置以及星上仪器布局等.传统的测控信息流设计方法耗时长,效率低,操作繁杂,已经无法满足信息化研制模式以及与日俱增的任务需求.通过对卫星测控信息流设计过程的研究,设计了一种全新的基于模型的卫星测控信息流数字化设计方法,通过基于图形化等效建模来实现测控信息流数字化设计,不仅能够有效地弥补传统方法的不足,同时有利于优化测控信息流向设计.以某卫星为应用背景进行试用验证,设计工时减少了97.5%,设计正确率达到100%.该方法能够提高设计效率和质量,促进测控信息流设计流程、方法与产品的规范性,进一步提升信息流设计的自动化程度.

基于天基测控的同步轨道卫星联合定轨方法研究

以美国现行的天基光学传感器SBV为例,分析了天基测控环境下光学传感器对同步轨道目标的覆盖特性,并构建了天基测控的观测模型。针对天基卫星星历误差对同步轨道目标定轨精度的影响,提出了抑制天基卫星星历误差的天地基联合定轨方法,将天基卫星和同步轨道卫星都作为待估计状态量,同时解算天基卫星和同步卫星轨道。仿真实验表明,天地基联合定轨方法能有效抑制天基星历误差的影响,能同时提高天基卫星和同步卫星的定轨精度。

灵活的全空域同时多波束测控技术

针对日益发展的多星同时测控需求,给出了一种灵活的全空域多波束同时测控阵列天线实现技术。在分析国外GDPAA(网格球顶相控阵天线)相控阵技术的基础上,提出了子阵有源相控阵+多面数字波束合成的综合实现架构,比较了多面拼阵和球面拼阵工程实现的优缺点;并在单元天线建模的基础上对多面拼阵和球面拼阵进行了系统仿真,验证了其半球覆盖的波束性能和全空域覆盖的可行性。考虑工程实现,给出了多面拼阵的实现建议,并对其发展构思、预期性能和主要关键技术进行了探讨,最后进行了归纳总结。