Path Selection for the Reform of Planning Management Agencies and Modernization of Spatial Governance in China

In recent years,with the profound changes of"promoting the modernization of the national governance system and capacity,"the reform of state institutions has become an important measure and step.In the field of planning management,the establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources plays a crucial role in the institutional reform over the years.This paper discusses the reform of planning management from the perspective of the public management and urban planning discipline,and tries to explore the internal logic between"institutional reform"and"governance modernization."It demonstrates the interweaving and transforming process between the adjustment of planning agencies and national governance,discussing whether the establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources has responded to the path selection of governance modernization.The paper makes a diachronic analysis on the 13 state institutional reforms since the founding of People’s Republic of China,especially on the adjustment process of planning management agencies.It builds an"institution-governance"analysis framework with the three elements including institution,function,and management as its core and with the institutional strength and governance effectiveness as the entry and exit,and analyzes the parallel transitions of planning management agencies and spatial governance logic as well as the necessary undertaking mechanisms,with the aim to provide reference for the establishment of a new pattern of spatial governance.

Reflections and Enlightenments on the Population Size Determination in Urban Master Planning in China:A Case Study of Xi'an City

There is a long-term problem that the population size determination in urban master planning usually deviates from the implementation result.How to determine the population size scientifically and reasonably during the transformation of spatial planning system in China has become the focus of attention in the new era.Taking Xi’an as an example,based on the analysis of differences between the population size determination and the actual development of population in the four rounds of urban master planning since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,this paper reflects on the reasons for the inaccuracy of population estimates from three aspects:the connotation of"goal-oriented"planning,the planning objective of"growthism,"and the determination method of"mechanical simplicity."In the context of territorial and spatial planning,this paper puts forward enlightenments for the population size determination in urban master planning in three aspects,i.e.,putting the people first and combining rigid and elastic control,practicing ecological civilization and strengthening bottom line thinking,and establishing a sound methodological system and unified standards and regulations.

多层次城市国土空间碳排放分配与评估框架——以兴安盟为例

It is proven a powerful tool to reduce carbon emissions by regulating urban land use structure.To leverage this tool,land-use carbon emission intensity(LUCEI)is the critical indicator to bridge carbon emissions effects of natural and human activities to land use structure.Current studies try to established the carbon emission allocation framework of“carbon emission inventory–land use category”and use it to estimate the LUCEI.However,none of the frameworks work at multiple spatial scales:the total carbon emissions and the land use category at different territorial levels do not conform with each other,impeding the synergetic effects of the low-carbon planning at different territorial levels.This study establishes a new framework of carbon emission estimation and allocation for the three territorial levels of municipality,city proper,and district and conducts a case study on Hinggan Prefecture.With the new framework,the carbon emission intensity of the entire land use category is being systematically differentiated,enabling the clarification of the linkages between LUCEI and the characteristics of energy structure,industrial structure,and urban forms of cities.The comparison of LUCEI of residential and transportation land between cities identifies the characteristics of urban form that are apt to high carbon emissions.The biggest contribution of the framework established in this study provides a technical tool to introduce carbon emission quantifi-cation into the territorial and spatial planning system.It may help deepen the understanding about the spatial pattern of carbon emissions and support a more refined estimation and comparison of the carbon effects of land use planning schemes.

弹性体系、柔性边界、动态适应:城市生态空间规划管控研究——以厦门市海沧区为例

In line with the strategy of Ecological Civilization Construction,maintaining and increasing the value of natural resources is a core issue of China's territorial and spatial planning.Ecological space,eco-space in short,is not only the guarantee of a city's ecological security,but also the main body for realizing the value transformation of ecological resources.Currently,it is generally believed that the definition of eco-space is limited by natural attributes,leading to an either/or situation between eco-space and urban space in planning control.Although this approach may assure rigid bottom lines,it results in the freezing of ecological resources and the separation of eco-space from urban space,as well as the missing of many pos-sibilities for future urban development.In order to optimize the planning control on eco-space of the territorial and spatial planning system,this paper reconsiders the concept of eco-space and proposes the theoretical framework of"resilient system,flexible boundary,and dynamic adaptation,'as well as the categorization of eco-space into the three zones of mandatory protection,strategic reservation,and potential development.Taking Haicang District of Xiamen as an example,it puts forward an analysis model on the development potential of eco-space by superimposing the weight of five influence factors for a scientific result of zoning.It concludes that the mapping of overall ecological pattern,the spatial interaction crossing flexible boundaries,the management allowing dynamic conversion,and the refined control incorporating both rigid and elastic principles may provide guide-lines for increasing the value of eco-space,so as to maximize the ecological benefits of the city.