Comparison Test of Black Grey Oyster Mushrooms in Shandong Province in Winter and Spring

[Objectives]This study was conducted to screen high-yield and high-quality strains suitable for promotion and cultivation in Shandong Province in winter and spring,and provide production enterprises with better production strains.[Methods]The clinker bag cultivation method was used to compare the cultivated products of 30 Pleurotus spp.strains,and the data on mycelial growth rate,growth morphology,biological characteristics of fruit bodies and yield were collected for comparison.[Results]Compared with other strains,such four strains as Pinggu 8633,Gaochan 8105,Tekang 650 and Ping 8129 had significantly higher adaptability,higher yield and better marketability.[Conclusions]Pinggu 8633,Gaochan 8105,Tekang 650 and Ping 8129 can be used as the main varieties for winter and spring oyster mushrooms production in Shandong Province.

Software Testing Method Based on Model Comparison

A model comparison based software testing method （MCST） is proposed. In this method, the requirements aria programs or software under test are transformed into the ones in the same form, and described by the same model describe language （MDL）. Then, the requirements are transformed into a specification model and the programs into an implementation model. Thus, the elements and structures of the two models are compared, and the differences between them are obtained. Based on the diffrences, a test suite is generated. Different MDLs can be chosen for the software under test. The usages of two classical MDLs in MCST, the equivalence classes model and the extended finite state machine （EFSM） model, are described with example applications. The results show that the test suites generated by MCST are more efficient and smaller than some other testing methods, such as the pathcoverage testing method, the object state diagram testing method, etc.

The “Colour Family Drawing Test”: Assessing Children’s Perception of Family Relationships. Studies on Mental Health and Cross-Cultural Comparisons

We apply the Colour Family Drawing Test, as a development of the traditional black and white test, for cross-cultural comparison. The participants, aged 7 - 10 years, both genders, were examined individually. Each subject sat at a single table with a white rectangular card of standard size, 24 well-sharpened colour pencils, a black pencil, an eraser and other appropriate tools. S/he received this verbal instruction: “Draw your family”. The procedure was firstly applied to 120 participants attending primary schools of Rome (Biasi, Bonaiuto and Levin, 2014). The families were evaluated through a semi-structural interview conducted with the children’s teachers and divided into: Harmonious versus Very Conflictual Families. The drawings made by children of Harmonious Families consistently used “Reassuring and Playful Colours” (Pink, Orange, Sky Blue, Light Green, Light Yellow, other pastel colours);and were larger, tidier and more proportioned to respect the opposite group. Children belonging to Conflictual Families used mostly “Alarming and Serious Colours” (Grey, Black, Dark Bleu, Violet, Olive Green) and their drawings were less extended, more often disordered and had typical deformations such as figures too thin. A second investigation examined 120 participants belonging to Asian immigrant families residing in Italy. A third investigation examined 120 participants belonging to Russian families of Moscow. Both last two investigations obtained very similar results on the use of colours, and gave a confirmation of the relevance of the Colour Family Drawing Test.

Comparison, Selection and Progeny Test of Natural Populations of White Birch (Betula platyphylla Suk.) in Northern China

[Objectives]This study was conducted to rationally and effectively use natural genetic resources of white birch(Betula platyphylla Suk.),and improve the scientific and technological content of improved varieties.[Methods]With the progeny of the white birch populations naturally distributed in northern China as objects,based on genetic effect analysis and comprehensive evaluation,the genetic variation,heritability and genetic gain of the growth characters in the progeny forest were systematically analyzed,by which populations or individuals with good growth vigor and strong stress resistance and adaptability were finally selected.[Results]There were extremely significant differences in the growth characters between the natural populations of white birch in northern China.The variation was the smallest in tree height,followed by crown width,and largest in DBH,and the average coefficients of variation were 20.56%,32.25%and 33.00%,respectively.The differences in characters between progeny of the same population were also extremely significant.The growth characters of white birch were more controlled by genes,and the genetic gains were larger.The heritability of tree height,DBH and crown width was 0.971,0.816 and 0.576,respectively,and the genetic gains were 15.97%,21.54%and 13.87%,respectively.[Conclusions]With the growth characters as the main evaluation indexes,taking various influencing factors into account,the Shanxi[SX]population,Hebei[HB]population and Liaoning[LN]population were selected to be excellent populations,and LN305,SX516 and HB403 were excellent individuals,which are advised to be widely used in multi-generation genetic improvement breeding.

Comparison of the diagnostic value of four tests for superior labrum anterior and posterior lesions of the shoulde

To compare the diagnostic value of four signs for superior labrum anterior and posterior (SLAP) lesions of the shoulder.Methods The physical examination was performed randomly on 81 cases with abnormalities of the shoulder.There were four tests,including Kibler anterior sliding test,Liu crank test,O’Brien active compression test and Kim biceps load test Ⅱ.The arthroscopic examination were also performed.The result of the arthroscopic examination was considered as a golden standard,so that we could estimate the diagnosis value of the four tests according to the method of evaluation of diagnosis test on clinical epidemiology,their sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value,accuracy.Results There were 21 cases diagnosed as SLAP lesions by arthroscopy.The diagnosis value of Kim biceps load test Ⅱ was the highest among the four tests,in which 19 of true positive,59 of true negative,1 of false positive,only 2 of false negative cases;while the sensitivity was 90.48%,specificity was 98.33%,positive predictive value was 95.00%,negative predictive value was 96.72%,and accuracy was 96.30%.However the sensitivity,specificity,positive predicitive value,negative predictive vale and accuracy of Kibler anterior sliding test were 76.19%,96.67%,88.89%,92.06%,91.33%;and those of Liu crank test were 85.71%,93.33%,81.82%,94.92%,91.35%;those of O’Brien active compression test were 80.95%,91.66%,77.27%,93.22%,88.89%.Conclusion Kim Biceps load test Ⅱ may be the best for clinical diagnosis of SLAP lesions of the shoulder.9 refs,4 figs,2 tabs.

基于TestBed/TBrun的高效测试执行方法

在使用TestBed/TBrun工具执行软件单元测试用例过程中,存在长数组无法自动赋值和结果比对导致测试效率低的问题。针对该问题,提出了一种基于TestBed/TBrun的高效测试执行方法。通过在后台文件中建立可自动识别读取长数组的通用驱动函数和自动对比测试结果的比对函数,对软件单元中的长数组输入/输出变量进行自动赋值及结果比对。经测试验证,该方法降低了用例执行耗时,提高了测试执行效率。

A SAS Macro for Testing Differences among Three or More Independent Groups Using Kruskal-Wallis and Nemenyi Tests

As a nonparametric method,the Kruskal-Wallis test is widely used to compare three or more independent groups when an ordinal or interval level of data is available,especially when the assump-tions of analysis of variance (ANOVA) are not met.If the Kruskal-Wallis statistic is statistically signifi-cant,Nemenyi test is an alternative method for further pairwise multiple comparisons to locate the source of significance.Unfortunately,most popular statistical packages do not integrate the Nemenyi test,which is not easy to be calculated by hand.We described the theory and applications of the Kruskal-Wallis and Nemenyi tests,and presented a flexible SAS macro to implement the two tests.The SAS macro was demonstrated by two examples from our cohort study in occupational epidemiology.It provides a useful tool for SAS users to test the differences among three or more independent groups using a nonparametric method.

Power test method for LED backlight LCD TVs and software development

As the appearance of local dimming technique, the current existing test methods are not suitable for testing the power consumption of the LCD TVs using the local dimming technique any longer. A test method appropriate to LED backlight LCD TVs using the local dimming technique is proposed in this paper, and then the test software is developed. The results demonstrate that the test software developed can show the real average power consumption of the LCD using local dimming technique, and by normalization the power consumption become comparable for not only local dimming LCD TVs but global dimming LCD TVs. Using the software developed in this paper, the ratio of power saving is clear when an LCD TV using the local dimming technique compared with one without local dimming technique.

龙燕1号燕麦新品种的选育

为了选育高产、优质、适应东北三省及内蒙古地区种植的燕麦新品种,试验于2015年采用母本边锋和父本牧乐思进行种间杂交,并通过系统衍生法进行选育,对选育得到的燕麦新品种进行品种比较试验、区域试验及生产试验。结果表明:经选育得到龙燕1号燕麦,其2019—2020年两年平均干草产量及种子产量分别为15 100.0 kg/hm^(2)、4 760.3 kg/hm^(2),较对照牧乐思、白燕7号分别增产16.84%、11.71%和14.96%、11.11%,差异显著(P<0.05);两年(2022,2023年)多点(齐齐哈尔市、哈尔滨市、双鸭山市、绥化市)的平均干草产量龙燕1号最高,达9 857.14 kg/hm^(2),分别比对照青海444、青引2号增产18.11%、45.30%,差异极显著(P<0.01);在4个试验区哈尔滨市、兰西县、杜蒙县、肇东市的两年平均干草产量分别达到11 812.73 kg/hm^(2)、9 602.57 kg/hm^(2)、12 263.64 kg/hm^(2)和11 961.97 kg/hm^(2),比对照白燕7号分别增产11.57%、11.92%、12.60%、11.24%。说明饲用燕麦新品种龙燕1号燕麦相较亲本具有更好的生产性能,在东北三省均可种植。

Comparing Data Mining Techniques in HIV Testing Prediction

Introduction: The present work compared the prediction power of the different data mining techniques used to develop the HIV testing prediction model. Four popular data mining algorithms (Decision tree, Naive Bayes, Neural network, logistic regression) were used to build the model that predicts whether an individual was being tested for HIV among adults in Ethiopia using EDHS 2011. The final experimentation results indicated that the decision tree (random tree algorithm) performed the best with accuracy of 96%, the decision tree induction method (J48) came out to be the second best with a classification accuracy of 79%, followed by neural network (78%). Logistic regression has also achieved the least classification accuracy of 74%. Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the prediction power of the different data mining techniques used to develop the HIV testing prediction model. Methods: Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) was used to predict the model for HIV testing and explore association rules between HIV testing and the selected attributes. Data preprocessing was performed and missing values for the categorical variable were replaced by the modal value of the variable. Different data mining techniques were used to build the predictive model. Results: The target dataset contained 30,625 study participants. Out of which 16,515 (54%) participants were women while the rest 14,110 (46%) were men. The age of the participants in the dataset ranged from 15 to 59 years old with modal age of 15 - 19 years old. Among the study participants, 17,719 (58%) have never been tested for HIV while the rest 12,906 (42%) had been tested. Residence, educational level, wealth index, HIV related stigma, knowledge related to HIV, region, age group, risky sexual behaviour attributes, knowledge about where to test for HIV and knowledge on family planning through mass media were found to be predictors for HIV testing. Conclusion and Recommendation: The results obtained from this research reveal that data mining is crucial in extracting relevant information for the effective utilization of HIV testing services which has clinical, community and public health importance at all levels. It is vital to apply different data mining techniques for the same settings and compare the model performances (based on accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) with each other. Furthermore, this study would also invite interested researchers to explore more on the application of data mining techniques in healthcare industry or else in related and similar settings for the future.

《兽药比对试验要求》修订变化与意义

开展兽药比对试验是兽药产品批准文号管理的重要政策之一。为科学规范兽药比对试验目录产品的批准文号申请,农业农村部畜牧兽医局在2016年发布实施的《兽药比对试验要求》基础上,结合国内兽药比对研究现状,2024年修订发布了《兽药比对试验要求》。本文详细阐述了兽药比对试验要求的修订背景、主要变化和修订意义,旨在加强研发单位或相关临床试验机构对该项政策的理解,并对开展兽药比对试验提供指导和帮助。

兽药产品批准文号药学研究资料常见问题浅析

本文通过对已审药学资料的审查分析,从产品信息、处方、工艺、质量标准、稳定性研究等方面对药学申报资料的常见问题加以分析总结并提出了针对性建议,旨在规范药学研究资料编写,以期对兽药产品批准文号申请有所帮助。

‘川西’虉草品种比较试验报告

以‘川草引3号’虉草和原始群体为对照,在布拖县对‘川西’虉草新品系开展了品种比较试验,对生态修复能力、耐水淹能力和生产性能等进行了测定和比较。试验结果表明:‘川西’虉草在布拖县越冬率高,可正常完成生长发育周期,试验期间没有发现病虫害;其生态修复效率为318d,分别比原始群体和‘川草引3号’虉草少12d和27d,具有更强的生态修复能力;‘川西’虉草和原始群体在长达20d的水淹胁迫过程中,成活率均为100%,耐水淹能力显著优于‘川草引3号’虉草;‘川西’虉草新品系鲜草产量和干草产量分别为70 931.57kg/hm^(2)和20 929.69kg/hm^(2),均显著高于原始群体和‘川草引3号’虉草;种子产量显著超过原始群体,与‘川草引3号’虉草差异不显著;粗蛋白含量为11.8%,分别比原始群体和‘川草引3号’虉草高1.2个百分点和2个百分点。因此,‘川西’虉草新品系一致性好,适应性强,生态修复效率高,耐水淹能力强,草产量高,草品质好,持青期长,可用于川西高原退化湿地、退化草地生态修复,也可用于高产人工草地建植。

水平受荷桩“p-y+M-θ”分析方法

中国近海海上风电机组开发建设中,大直径单桩基础形式使用占比超70%。现行p-y曲线设计方法主要适用于小直径柔性桩,对大直径单桩侧向及桩底受荷描述能力不足,导致其严重低估刚柔性桩和刚性桩(分别常用于中国和欧洲的近海风电工程)的变形和承载能力,过于保守的设计给海上风电降本带来挑战。为此建立了能以统一的方式预测柔性、刚柔性和刚性单桩水平单调受荷响应的“p-y+M-θ”模型,并将该模型推广到循环荷载下单桩的响应分析。通过与相关试验结果比对发现,“p-y+M-θ”模型能较为准确地预测桩基水平加载响应。力图为水平受荷单桩工程设计提供简洁而可行的响应分析方法。

不同纳米黏土改良黄土试验结果对比分析

应用正交法设计试验,定量地分析了改良黄土抗压强度、抗剪强度指标以及渗透系数的影响因素和影响大小,得到了改良黄土的最优掺量。另外,通过扫描电镜试验探究纳米黏土材料对黄土的改良机理。研究表明:(1)影响改良黄土抗压强度因素有纳米黏土掺量、含水率和养护龄期,影响黏聚力、内摩擦角、渗透系数的因素有掺量、干密度、围压;(2)在不同影响因素下,纳米蒙脱土比凹凸棒土更能有效提高黄土的抗压强度;(3)当材料掺量小于等于1%时,凹凸棒土改良黄土的抗剪强度指标总体高于纳米蒙脱土抗剪强度指标,渗透系数则相反,而当掺量大于等于2%时,则相反;(4)当凹凸棒土材料掺加量为1%、纳米蒙脱土材料掺量为2%时,改良黄土表面最为致密,孔隙最少。

文化视角下中美俄数学奥林匹克试题的比较研究

数学竞赛是识别和培养数学英才的重要手段,在国际英才教育体系中占有重要地位.根据数学文化的内涵特点,构建面向数学竞赛试题的数学文化分类框架,以中、美、俄3个国家的试题为样本,分析和比较它们在知识源流、学科联系、社会角色、审美娱乐和多元文化5个数学文化维度上的分布特点.研究发现,3个国家的试题都注重数学文化,各有特点,但主要集中在审美娱乐和社会角色两个方面.得到数学竞赛命题以及数学资优生培养的相关启示:重视数学文化试题价值,彰显“育人性”;精选数学文化主题素材,注重“多元性”;立足数学文化普及特点,体现“民族性”;链接数学文化内容发展,指向“前沿性”.

酸橙新品种“蜀枳一号”多点品种比较试验

“代代”酸橙(Citrus aurantium‘Daidai’)是传统中药材枳壳(干燥未成熟果实)、枳实(干燥幼果)极其重要的来源。“蜀枳一号”新品种是由广安市邻水县收集到的“代代”优良资源选育而来,于2023年通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会认定。在四川省资阳市、泸州市、广安市和重庆市潼南区开展的品种比较试验表明,“蜀枳一号”有良好的丰产性能,单位面积的枳壳、枳实和代代花(干燥花蕾)产量在所有参试品系和对照品系(广安地方种质)中最高,2020年度分别比对照品系平均增产5.78%、5.44%和5.50%,2021年度分别比对照品系平均增产6.12%、5.60%和5.58%;枳壳的柚皮苷、新橙皮苷含量和枳实的辛弗林、浸出物含量均最高,2020年度分别比对照品系高56.92%、60.46%、35.42%和49.68%,2021年度分别比对照品系高55.05%、86.28%、56.41%和27.99%;枳壳和枳实的水分和总灰分与对照品系无显著差异。“蜀枳一号”产量高,品质突出,在川渝两地具有推广价值。

不同配筋率下钢筋混凝土板柱节点抗冲切承载力试验研究

为研究纵筋配筋率对普通钢筋混凝土板柱节点抗冲切承载力的影响,制作了4个配筋率分别为0.3%、0.7%、1.2%及1.8%的无腹筋板柱中节点并进行冲切试验,试验结果表明:随着配筋率的增加,板柱节点的初始刚度和极限承载力明显增加,试件的延性降低,破坏模式由弯曲破坏逐渐向冲切破坏转变;收集并整理了国内外269个板柱节点冲切试验的数据,通过与采用中国规范、美国规范、欧洲规范和日本规范抗冲切承载力计算公式计算结果的对比分析,进一步说明了在冲切承载力计算公式中考虑纵筋配筋率的必要性;通过对试验数据的回归分析,考虑包含纵筋配筋率在内的主要影响因素,建立了适用于钢筋混凝土无腹筋板柱抗冲切承载力的计算公式。

输电角钢铁塔试验与有限元分析对比方法研究

目前,国内设计研究人员进行了大量的真型铁塔试验,但这些试验大多侧重于对铁塔整体进行承载能力的验证,而对主要受力构件在试验加载情况下的实测内力与理论计算内力进行对比分析的不多,并且在已有的对比分析文献中,构件的试验结果与有限元分析计算结果出入较大的情况比较多。有鉴于此,本文对铁塔主要受力构件进行了理论计算与试验结果的对比方法研究,分析了不同类型构件应力、应变的分布特点,提出了换算内力对比法,将试验应变实测值换算成试验内力值,与有限元分析的理论计算内力值进行对比,得出了较为满意的结果。这一方法对于提升试验成果应用价值,帮助设计人员深刻认识结构传力途径,进一步优化结构设计具有重要意义。