Dynamic analysis and modal test of long-span cable-stayed bridge based on ambient excitation

To study the stiffness distribution of girder and the method to identify modal parameters of cable-stayed bridge, a simplified dynamical finite element method model named three beams model was established for the girder with double ribs. Based on the simplified model four stiffness formulae were deduced according to Hamilton principle. These formulae reflect well the contribution of the flexural, shearing, free torsion and restricted torsion deformation, respectively. An identification method about modal parameters was put forward by combining method of peak value and power spectral density according to modal test under ambient excitation. The dynamic finite element method analysis and modal test were carried out in a long-span concrete cable-stayed bridge. The results show that the errors of frequencies between theoretical analysis and test results are less than 10% mostly, and the most important modal parameters for cable-stayed bridge are determined to be the longitudinal floating mode, the first vertical flexural mode and the first torsional mode, which demonstrate that the method of stiffness distribution for three beams model is accurate and method to identify modal parameters is effective under ambient excitation modal test.

Dynamic Characteristics of a Curved Cable-stayed Bridge:Operational Modal Testing and FE Modeling

This paper summarizes the analytical and experimental dynamic analyses carried out to assess the actual dynamic behaviour of a curved cable-stayed bridge,recently erected in the commercial harbour of Porto Marghera ( Venice,Italy). Ambient vibration tests were carried out to determine the dynamic characteristics of the bridge and more than 20 modes were identified in the frequency range 0～10Hz. In the theoretical study,a 3D FE model of the bridge was developed using an integrated CAD-FEA approach; subsequently,the information obtained from the field tests,combined with simple manual tuning,provided a linear elastic model,accurately fitting the modal parameters of the bridge in its present condition.

DAMAGE DETECTION IN BUILDINGS USING A TWO-STAGE SENSITIVITY-BASED METHOD FROM MODAL TEST DATA

Many multi-story or highrise buildings consisting of a number of identical stories are usually considered as periodic spring-mass systems. The general expressions of natural frequencies, mode shapes, slopes and curvatures of mode shapes of the periodic spring-mass system by utilizing the periodic structure theory are derived in this paper. The sensitivities of these mode parameters with respect to structural damages, which do not depend on the physical parameters of the original structures, are obtained. Based on the sensitivity analysis of these mode parameters, a two-stage method is proposed to localize and quantify damages of multi-story or highrise buildings. The slopes and curvatures of mode shapes, which are highly sensitive to local damages, are used to localize the damages. Subsequently, the limited measured natural frequencies, which have a better accuracy than the other mode parameters, are used to quantify the extent of damages within the potential damaged locations. The experimental results of a 3-story experimental building demonstrate that the single or multiple damages of buildings, either slight or severe, can be correctly localized by using only the slope or curvature of mode shape in one of the lower modes, in which the change of natural frequency is the largest, and can be accurately quantified by the limited measured natural frequencies with noise pollution.

Research on Modal Test Technology of LM-6A Solid-Liquid Strap-On Launch Vehicle

The LM-6 A new generation solid-liquid strap-on launch vehicle has the structural dynamic characteristics of lower frequencies,denser modes and coupling modes in longitudinal,bending and torsion modal space.During the development phase of LM-6 A,modal tests of partial stacks and the full vehicle were designed to obtain the structural dynamic properties.The structural dynamic models using the finite element method(FEM)have been verified and calibrated based on the modal test data.This paper describes the pre-test predictions and test execution,and details the comparison between the pre-test predictions and the test data.The successful maiden flight of LM-6 A further confirmed the effectiveness of structural dynamic modeling and modal test for LM-6 A.

基于预试验(Pre-test)的车身动态性能模态试验方法

介绍一种基于预试验(Pre-test)的车身动态性能试验方法。首先介绍了Pre-test的理论及激励点与响应点选取原则和流程,通过Lms.Virtual.Lab的预试验功能实际确定车身试验模态中响应点的数目,位置及激励点位置和方向,并通过与Lms.Test.Lab的接口功能,导入到Test.Lab进行模态试验,通过合适的试验模态方法与参数的选取,得到准确清晰的模态辨识结果,验证了基于Pre-test的车身动态性能试验模态分析方法的正确性。

应用Test.Lab进行高速车体线路模态试验

针对高速列车的振动问题,通过线路模态试验进行车体结构模态参数研究,采用LMS test.lab振动噪声测试系统进行数据采集和分析后处理。基于环境激励模态试验方法及模态参数识别理论,运用PolyMax模态提取法,获取了车体的前三阶弹性模态参数和对应的模态振型,为车体结构优化设计提供依据。

基于LMSTest.Lab的小型农业作业机振动测试与分析

为分析小型农业作业机的模态振型及可靠性,应用LMS Test.Lab测试系统,对JSX5D小型农业作业机进行模态试验与分析,得到其固有频率、阻尼比以及相应的振型等模态参数。试验结果表明该机基频较高,而阻尼比较低,分别为196.72 Hz和不大于4.41%,说明该机具有很好的刚度。但扶手部分阻尼比仅为0.57%,为降低工作时的振动强度,应加入合适的阻尼材料;发动机和齿轮箱机械接口的振动方向与该类接口的法线方向一致,说明该类接口的连接刚度较弱,应加强接口的连接刚度,保证作业机的动力输出。

竹浆纤维/Modal纤维提花织物生产实践

介绍了竹浆纤维和Modal纤维的性能和特点,通过工艺试验,就竹浆纤维与Modal纤维混纺提花织物生产的主要参数进行了分析,探讨了提高织物质量的措施。

Modal纤维及其混纺织物性能的测试分析

介绍了Ｍｏｄａｌ纤维的性能,将其与Ｔｅｎｃｅｌ纤维、大豆蛋白纤维、竹纤维、粘胶纤维、棉纤维、蚕丝、羊毛及涤纶纤维的物理机械性能进行了对比;并将Ｍｏｄａｌ纱与粘胶纤维、棉纱、涤纶短纤维纱的物理指标进行了测试对比,还对Ｍｏ ｄａｌ混纺织物的服用性能进行了测试研究。

文献《Atlas V Development—Overview of Dynamics Testing》点评

文章对《Atlas V运载火箭的研发——动力学试验概况》一文的技术内容进行了较全面的阐述,对Atlas V研制过程中所涉及的降低发射风险的系统工程方法,减少起飞振动方面的技术工作、声载荷及声环境的试验验证方法,模态和刚度试验技术及动力学试验计划纲要等动力学环境试验内容与特点进行了较为详细的分析与点评,并在此基础上提出了利用混响室激励方法开展全尺寸运载火箭模态试验的建议。

Modal细特涤纶羊绒混纺纱的试纺及成纱性能

为了探讨Modal、涤纶及羊绒混纺纱的成纱性能,采用不同混纺比纺制出Modal细特涤纶羊绒混纺纱,并分别对不同混纺比的成纱性能进行了试验分析。在羊绒含量确定的情况下,可根据纱线与面料的性能要求,Modal与细特涤纶可按任意比例混和。如以强力要求为主和充分体现细特涤纶的特性,涤纶比例可偏高;如对强力要求不太高,而要充分体现Modal纤维的优良性能,Modal纤维比例可适当偏高;在Modal/细特涤纶/羊绒混纺比为75/15/10时,成纱断裂强度最低,此为临界混纺比,生产中应尽量避免。

Modal Strain Energy Based Structural Damage Localization for Offshore Platform using Simulated and Measured Data

Modal strain energy based methods for damage detection have received much attention. However, most of published articles use numerical methods and some studies conduct modal tests with simple 1D or 2D structures to verify the damage detection algorithms. Only a few studies utilize modal testing data from 3D frame structures. Few studies conduct performance comparisons between two different modal strain energy based methods. The objective of this paper is to investigate and compare the effectiveness of a traditional modal strain energy method(Stubbs index) and a recently developed modal strain energy decomposition(MSED) method for damage localization, for such a purpose both simulated and measured data from an offshore platform model being used. Particularly, the mode shapes used in the damage localization are identified and synthesized from only two measurements of one damage scenario because of the limited number of sensors. The two methods were first briefly reviewed. Next, using a 3D offshore platform model, the damage detection algorithms were implemented with different levels of damage severities for both single damage and multiple damage cases. Finally, a physical model of an offshore steel platform was constructed for modal testing and for validating the applicability. Results indicate that the MSED method outperforms the Stubbs index method for structural damage detection.

Modal parameter identification and damping ratio estimation from the full-scale measurements of a typical Tibetan wooden structure

Tibetan heritage buildings have a high historical and cultural value. They have endured adverse environmental loadings over hundreds of years without significant damage. However, there are few reports on their structural characteristics under normal environmental loadings and their behavior under dynamic loadings. In this research, a typical Tibetan wooden wall-frame building is selected to study its dynamic characteristics. Field measurements of the structure were conducted under environmental excitation to collect acceleration responses. The stochastic subspace identification （SSI） method was adopted to calculate the structural modal parameters and obtain the out-of-plane vibration characteristics of the slab and frames. The results indicated that the wall-frame structure had a lower out-of-plane stiffness and greater in-plane stiffness due to the presence of stone walls. Due to poor identified damping ratio estimates from the SSI method, a method based on the variance upper bound was proposed to complement the existing variance lower bound method for estimating the modal damping ratio to address the significant damping variability obtained from different points and measurements. The feasibility of the proposed method was illustrated with the measured data from the floor slab of the structure. The variance lower and upper bound methods both provided consistent results compared to those from the traditional SSI method.

A review of welding residual stress test methods

Due to local uneven heating during the welding process,the residual stress of the structure after welding affects the reliability of it.In order to ensure the reliability,it is of great significance to test the residual stress distribution of the welded joint.It has always been the focus to find a simple and feasible method for residual stress testing to quickly and accurately obtain the residual stress distribution of welded joints.The mechanical measurement method has high measurement accuracy,convenient and easy operation,but it will cause certain damage to the components.Physical measurement method can avoid damage to components,but its test cost is usually high,and its measurement accuracy can also be affected by the material microstructure characteristics of welded components.Based on the advantages and disadvantages of these two residual stress test methods,a modal test method is proposed.This method is a non-destructive measurement method.Based on the mathematical relationship between the residual stress of the welded structure and the natural frequency(mathematical model),the natural frequency is measured through the modal test to calculate the residual stress quickly.However,it is difficult to establish a mathematical model with this method,and it is not suitable for realization.

Modal analysis of CSNS/RCS dipole magnet and magnetic measurement girder

The dipole magnet of the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) Rapid-cycling Synchrotron(RCS) will be operated at a 25 Hz sinusoidal alternating current which causes severe vibration.The vibration will influence the long-term safety and reliable operation of the dipole magnet.By taking the dipole magnet and magnetic measurement girder as specific model system,a method for analyzing and studying the dynamic characteristic of the system is put forward by combining theoretical calculation with experimental testing.This paper established the mechanical model of the system,and the top six step natural frequency and vibration mode were obtained through theoretical modal analysis(ANSYS).Then according to testing modal analysis,the natural frequency,damping ratios and vibration mode of the system structure were obtained too.The theoretical modal analysis results coincide with the experimental testing results.Besides,the 6th step natural frequency is close to the exciting frequency of the magnet,so the resonance phenomenon may take place at the actual working conditions.The dynamic characteristic data of the structure can provide an analysis basis for the further study and the formal dipole magnet girder optimal design of RCS.

Structural optimization of precision instruments through modal analysis

In order to improve the dynamic stability of precision instruments during the design process, a compositive design method based on modal analysis of structure is proposed. With uniform boundary conditions and material characters, the results of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) vary with models. It should be checked whether the model is correctly simplified. Modal experiments can be used for such purpose. The method combines the high efficiency and agility of FEA with the reliability and accuracy of experiments, and avoids the drawbacks of FEA or experiments, such as uncertainty of FEA and high cost of experiments. Taking rotor frame structure as an example, this method is applied as follows: First the modal characters of structure are analyzed with FEA, and then the natural frequencies of the structure are tested by experiments to check the reliability of FEA method, and finally the design scheme is optimized by modifying structure parameters with confirmed FEA.

Modal纤维织物风格与性能

利用KES织物风格仪测试了相同细度的棉型Modal和棉纤维等纱线织成相同规格纯纺织物的性能,主要对Modal织物在弯曲、剪切、粗糙度、舒适性方面进行了对比分析,认为Modal织物外观和手感较好,且抗皱免烫,吸湿透气性好,是理想的夏季服装面料。

基于LMS Test.lab的电机振动测试与分析

应用比利时LMS公司的test lab振动噪声测试系统,对某空调内部电机的异常抖动进行测试和分析。首先利用有限元软件ANSYS进行模态分析获取电机的固有特性,然后通过试验,得到电机在不同转速下的各个方向的振动速度,分析电机产生异常抖动的原因,并且提出了改进措施,使电机振动速度在标准范围以内,从而消除电机异常抖动的现象,为改善电机、减少振动噪声提供参考。

Effect of Tire Repeated Root Modal on Tire Modelling with Experimental Modal

The effect of tire repeated root modal（RRM）on tire modeling with an experimental modal is studied.Firstly,a radial tire with radial and tangential RRMs is tested and analyzed.By multi-point exciting of the radial tire,a multiple reference frequency domain method based on a least squares（LMS PolyMAX）algorithm is used to identify modal parameters.Then,modal stability diagram（MSD）,modal indication function（MIF）and modal assurance criteria（Auto-MAC）matrix are utilized to induce multiple inputs multiple outputs（MIMO）frequency response function（FRF）matrixes.The tests reveal that notable repeated roots exist in both radial and tangential response modes.Their modal frequencies and damping factors are approximately the same,the amplitudes of modal vectors are in the same order of magnitude,and the mode shapes are orthogonal.Based on the works mentioned,the method of trigonometric series modal shapes fitting is adopted,the effects of RRM model on tire modeling with a vertical experimental modal are discussed.The final results show that the effects of considering the RRM shapes are equivalent to the tire mode shapes depended on rotating the tire’s different exciting points during tire modeling,and since considering the RRM,the tire mode shapes can be unified and fixed during tire modeling.

USING CROSS-CORRELATION THEORY TO EXTRACT MODAL PARAMETERS IN FREQUENCY- DOMAIN

Conventional modal parameter identifications are usually based on frequencyresponse functions, which require measurements of both the input force and the resulting response.However, in many cases, only response data are available while the actual excitations (such aswind/wave load) are not measurable. Modal parameters estimation must base itself on response-onlydata. Over the past years, many time-domain modal parameter identification techniques fromoutput-only are proposed. A poly-reference frequency-domain modal identification scheme onresponse-only is presented. It is based on coupling the cross-correlation theory with conventionalfrequency-domain modal parameter extraction. An experiment using an airplane model is performed toverify the proposed method.