Regulated Gene Expression with Promoters Responding to Inducers

Genetically engineered transgenic animals and plants have proven to be extremely useful for analyzing biochemical and developmental processes.Promoters responding to chemical inducers will be powerful tools for basic research in molecular biology and biotechnological applications.Various chemical inducible systems based on activation and inactivation of the target gene had been described.The transfer of regulatory elements from prokaryotes,insects,and mammals has opened new avenues to construct chemically inducible promoters that differ in their ability to regulate the temporal and spatial expression patterns,and this will dramatically increase the application of transgenic technology.This review provides an overview on regulation of gene expression,promoter activating systems,promoter inactivation systems,inducible gene over expression,and inducible anti suppression.

Kinetin Inhibits Proliferation of Hepatic Stellate Cells by Interrupting Cell Cycle and Induces Apoptosis by Down-regulating Ratio of Bcl-2/Bax

Liver fibrosis is an important health problem that can further progress into cirrhosis or liver cancer,and result in significant morbidity and mortality. Inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells（HSCs） may be the key point to reverse liver fibrosis. At present,anti-fibrosis drugs are rare. Kinetin is a type of plant-derived cytokinin which has been reported to control differentiation and induce apoptosis of human cells. In this study,the HSCs were incubated with different concentrations of kinetin. The proliferation of rat HSCs was measured by MTT assay,cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry,and the apoptosis was examined by TUNEL method. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins was detected by immunocytochemistry staining. It was found that kinetin could markedly inhibit proliferation of HSCs. In a concentration range of 2 to 8 μg/m L,the inhibitory effects of kinetin on proliferation of HSCs were increased with the increased concentration and the extension of time（P〈0.01）. Flow cytometry indicated that kinetin could inhibit the DNA synthesis from G0/G1 to S phase in a dose-dependent manner（P〈0.01）. The apoptosis rates of the HSCs treated with 8,4 and 2 μg/m L kinetin（25.62%±2.21%,15.31%±1.9% and 6.18%±1.23%,respectively） were increased significantly compared with the control group（3.81%±0.93%）（P〈0.01）. All the DNA frequency histogram in kinetin-treated groups showed obvious hypodiploid peak（sub-G1 peak）,and with the increase of kinetin concentrations,the apoptosis rate of HSCs also showed a trend of increase. It was also found that kinetin could down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2,and up-regulate the expression of Bax,leading to the decreased ratio of Bcl-2/Bax significantly. The kinetin-induced apoptosis of HSCs was positively correlated with the expression of Bax,and negatively with the expression of Bcl-2. It was concluded that kinetin can inhibit activation and proliferation of HSCs by interrupting the cell cycle at G1/S restriction point and inducing apoptosis of HSCs via reducing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.

Neuroprotective effects of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein during mild hypothermia on traumatic brain injury

Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein（CIRP）, a key regulatory protein, could be facilitated by mild hypothermia in the brain, heart and liver. This study observed the effects of mild hypothermia at 31 ± 0.5℃ on traumatic brain injury in rats. Results demonstrated that mild hypothermia suppressed apoptosis in the cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus, facilitated CIRP m RNA and protein expression in these regions, especially in the hypothalamus. The anti-apoptotic effect of mild hypothermia disappeared after CIRP silencing. There was no correlation between mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and CIRP silencing. CIRP silencing inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 activation. These indicate that CIRP inhibits apoptosis by affecting extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 activation, and exerts a neuroprotective effect during mild hypothermia for traumatic brain injury.

Regulation of HIF-1 α to Expression of N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1 in Colorectal Carcinoma

Plasmid expressing small interfering RNA （siRNA） against HIF-1α （pSilence-2.1-U6-siRNA） was constructed and transfected into LS174T cells in hypoxia condition.After expression of siRNA against HIF-1 α in LS174T cells, expressions of HIF-1 α and N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 （NDRG1） gene were inhibited significantly. HIF-1 cta transcripts were positive in 67.7% （42/62） and 44.4% （8/18） of colorectal adenocarcinoma and adenoma, re- spectively. The mean percentage of cells with positive hybridization of HIF-1 α mRNA increases with the development from Duke stage A to stage C＋D （p〈 0.05）. The positive staining rate of NDRG1 protein was significant higher in than that in colorectal adenoma colorectal adenocarcinoma group group （p〈 0.05）. The level of HIF-1 a transcripts was positively correlated with the level of NDRG1 protein （p 〈 0.05） during colorectal tumor progression. HIF-1α and its down stream gene NDRG1 may play roles in tumor progression of human colorectal carcinoma.

Effects of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 on ischemic cerebrovascular disease

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1, a nuclear transcription factor, is induced by hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1, a heterodimeric DNA-binding protein, is composed of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and hypoxia-inducible factor 1βsubunits, which are family members of the basic helix-loop-helix-PER, ARNT, SIM （PAS） protein. O2 concentration regulates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 activity via this subunit. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α plays a major role in response to hypoxia and transcriptional activation, as well as in the target gene specificity of the DNA enhancer. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1β cannot be induced by hypoxia. This effect may be due to hypoxia-inducible factor 1 stability and activated conformation due to dimerization. Previous studies have shown that hypoxia-inducible factor 1 mRNA expression increases in the penumbra following ischemia/hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 plays an important role in brain tissue injury after ischemia by affecting a series of target genes, elevating tolerance to hypoxia, and ensuring survival of neural cells. This article summarizes the structure, function, expression, regulatory mechanisms, biological effects, and significance of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. As a transcriptional activator, hypoxia- inducible factor 1 plays a key role in hypoxic responses by stabilizing the internal environment. It also has been shown to regulate the expression of several genes. The regulatory effects of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease have been described. The present review re-examined the concept of brain protection at the level of gene regulation.

Inducing fertility restoration in the genic male sterile line of rice with chemical regulators

For the first time, the fertility of rice genic male sterile line was partially restored with the application of chemical regulators at Hainan Rice Breeding Nursery on Mar 1993. A single panicle of the rice plant could bear as many as 27 grains. The chemical agent that could modulate the growth of the rice plants of genic male sterile line was developed by Prof ZHOU Guangqia and his colleagues at the Biology Institute, Hunan Teachers University, China.

TRAIL-induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells is augmented by targeted therapies

AIM:To analyze the effect of chemotherapeutic drugs and specific kinase inhibitors,in combination with the death receptor ligand tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand(TRAIL),on overcoming TRAIL resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and to study the efficacy of agonistic TRAIL antibodies,as well as the commitment of antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins, in TRAIL-induced apoptosis. METHODS:Surface expression of TRAIL receptors (TRAIL-R1-4)and expression levels of the antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins MCL-1 and BCL-xL were analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blotting,respectively. Knock-down of MCL-1 and BCL-xL was performed by transfecting specific small interfering RNAs.HCC cellswere treated with kinase inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs.Apoptosis induction and cell viability were analyzed via flow cytometry and 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. RESULTS:TRAIL-R1 and-R2 were profoundly expressed on the HCC cell lines Huh7 and Hep-G2. However,treatment of Huh7 and Hep-G2 with TRAIL and agonistic antibodies only induced minor apoptosis rates.Apoptosis resistance towards TRAIL could be considerably reduced by adding the chemotherapeutic drugs 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin as well as the kinase inhibitors LY294002[inhibition of phosphoinositol- 3-kinase(PI3K)],AG1478(epidermal growth factor receptor kinase),PD98059(MEK1),rapamycin(mam- malian target of rapamycin)and the multi-kinase inhibitor Sorafenib.Furthermore,the antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins MCL-1 and BCL-xL play a major role in TRAIL resistance:knock-down by RNA interference increased TRAIL-induced apoptosis of HCC cells.Additionally, knock-down of MCL-1 and BCL-xL led to a significant sensitization of HCC cells towards inhibition of both c-Jun N-terminal kinase and PI3K.CONCLUSION:Our data identify the blockage of survival kinases,combination with chemotherapeutic drugs and targeting of antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins as promising ways to overcome TRAIL resistance in HCC.

Genes for RNA-binding proteins involved in neuralspecific functions and diseases are downregulated in Rubinstein-Taybi iNeurons

Taking advantage of the fast-growing knowledge of RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)we review the signature of downregulated genes for RBPs in the transcriptome of induced pluripotent stem cell neurons(iNeurons)modelling the neurodevelopmental Rubinstein Taybi Syndrome(RSTS)caused by mutations in the genes encoding CBP/p300 acetyltransferases.We discuss top and functionally connected downregulated genes sorted to“RNA processing”and“Ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis”Gene Ontology clusters.The first set of downregulated RBPs includes members of hnRNHP(A1,A2B1,D,G,H2-H1,MAGOHB,PAPBC),core subunits of U small nuclear ribonucleoproteins and Serine-Arginine splicing regulators families,acting in precursor messenger RNA alternative splicing and processing.Consistent with literature findings on reduced transcript levels of serine/arginine repetitive matrix 4(SRRM4)protein,the main regulator of the neural-specific microexons splicing program upon depletion of Ep300 and Crebbp in mouse neurons,RSTS iNeurons show downregulated genes for proteins impacting this network.We link downregulated genes to neurological disorders including the new HNRNPH1-related intellectual disability syndrome with clinical overlap to RSTS.The set of downregulated genes for Ribosome biogenesis includes several components of ribosomal subunits and nucleolar proteins,such NOP58 and fibrillarin that form complexes with snoRNAs with a central role in guiding post-transcriptional modifications needed for rRNA maturation.These nucleolar proteins are“dual”players as fibrillarin is also required for epigenetic regulation of ribosomal genes and conversely NOP58-associated snoRNA levels are under the control of NOP58 interactor BMAL1,a transcriptional regulator of the circadian rhythm.Additional downregulated genes for“dual specificity”RBPs such as RUVBL1 and METTL1 highlight the links between chromatin and the RBP-ome and the contribution of perturbations in their cross-talk to RSTS.We underline the hub position of CBP/p300 in chromatin regulation,the impact of its defect on neurons’post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and the potential use of epidrugs in therapeutics of RBP-caused neurodevelopmental disorders.

Endogenous bioelectric fields: a putative regulator of wound repair and regeneration in the central nervous system

Studies on a variety of highly regenerative tissues, including the central nervous system（CNS） in non-mammalian vertebrates, have consistently demonstrated that tissue damage induces the formation of an ionic current at the site of injury. These injury currents generate electric fields（EF） that are 100-fold increased in intensity over that measured for uninjured tissue. In vitro and in vivo experiments have convincingly demonstrated that these electric fields（by their orientation, intensity and duration） can drive the migration, proliferation and differentiation of a host of cell types. These cellular behaviors are all necessary to facilitate regeneration as blocking these EFs at the site of injury inhibits tissue repair while enhancing their intensity promotes repair. Consequently, injury-induced currents, and the EFs they produce, represent a potent and crucial signal to drive tissue regeneration and repair. In this review, we will discuss how injury currents are generated, how cells detect these currents and what cellular responses they can induce. Additionally, we will describe the growing evidence suggesting that EFs play a key role in regulating the cellular response to injury and may be a therapeutic target for inducing regeneration in the mammalian CNS.

Analysis on medication rule of traditional Chinese medicine treating chemotherapy-induced diarrhea based on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) inheritance computing platform system

Objective:To dig deeper into the traditional Chinese medicine treatment rules of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)inheritance computing platform system.Methods:Taking“traditional Chinese medicine”,“chemotherapy”and“diarrhea”as the theme words,comprehensive search of the database of CNKI,Wanfang and VIP from its inception to November 2020 was conduct-ed.The formulas of external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for chemotherapy-induced diarrhea were included and the association rule,clustering and factor analysis were carried out.Results:A total of 145 papers,57 prescriptions meeting the inclusion criteria were collected,among which high-frequency drugs including Baizhu(Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma),Fuling(Poria),Dangshen(Codonopsisradix),Huanglian(Coptidis rhizoma),Zhigancao(Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma praeparata cum melle)were the most commonly used.The confidence level was set as 0.7 and the support level was set as 10,12 core compatibility groups were obtained,and 6 categories were cluster analyzed.Conclusion:The principle of external treatment of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea is mainly“restore deficiency and benefiting qi”,“benefiting water infiltration and dampness”,“clearing heat”and“inducing astringency”.Prescription combination and new prescription combination based on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)inheritance computing platform system can be used as reference for clinicians and applied in primary hospitals.

Mechanism of over-activation in direct pathway mediated by dopamine D_1 receptor in rats with levodopa-induced dyskinesias

Objective To study the changes of prodynorphin （PDyn） gene expression and dopamine and cAMPregulated phosphoprotein of 32 kDa （DARPP-32） phosphorylation in rats with levodopa-induced dyskinesias （LID）, and to explore the mechanism of over-activation in direct pathway mediated by dopamine D1 receptor. Methods Parkinson＇s disease （PD） rats were received levodopa （10 mg/kg, i.p.） for 28 d to get the LID rats. According to the behavior scale, LID rats were divided into mild （n=8） and severe （n=16） groups. On day 29, 8 rats in severe LID group were given an acute intraperitoneal injection of MK-801 （0.1 mg/kg） 15 min before levodopa treatment （MK-801 group, n=8）. The normal rats received same course and dosage of levodopa as the control group （n=8）. Hybridization in situ was used to measure the expression of PDyn mRNA in striatum. Protein and mRNA levels of total DARPP-32 and phospho-Thr-34 DARPP-32 level were measured by immunoblotting and RT-PCR, respectively. Results The levels of PDyn mRNA and phospho-Thr-34 DARPP-32 increased significantly in LID rats compared with control rats （P〈0.01）, and they also increased markedly in severe LID group compared with mild group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Phospho-Thr-34 DARPP-32 level was increased in LID rats, which contributed to the over-activation of direct pathway mediated by dopamine D1 receptor.

circCDR1as/miR-7-5p/RAF1轴参与调控激素性股骨头坏死中的自噬

背景:自噬可能参与激素性股骨头坏死的病理过程。有研究证实环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)在激素性股骨头坏死中具有调控机制,然而,circCDR1as是否在激素性股骨头坏死中影响自噬尚未被研究。目的:探讨激素性股骨头坏死中自噬水平及circCDR1as的调控机制。方法:①从GSE26316数据集中获取激素性股骨头坏死及对照组大鼠的基因表达谱并进行差异表达分析,随后分析差异表达基因的生物学功能。通过数据库预测circCDR1as的靶标miRNAs及靶标基因。比较靶标基因与差异表达基因,构建circCDR1as的调控网络。②收集激素性股骨头坏死患者及健康对照人群的股骨头样本;同时应用骨髓间充质干细胞进行细胞实验:随机分为骨髓间充质干细胞组、模型组(甲泼尼龙处理)、模型+si-NC组、模型+si-CDR1as组。利用RT-qPCR检测组织和细胞circCDR1as及靶标基因的表达,Western blot检测自噬相关蛋白的表达。③构建荧光素酶报告基因载体:pmirGLO-CDR1as(WT)、pmirGLO-RAF1(WT)、pmirGLO-CDR1as(MUT)和pmirGLO-RAF1(MUT),转染到细胞中,并设miR-7-5p mimic和mimic NC组,检测circCDR1as网络的靶向调控关系。结果与结论:①大鼠激素性股骨头坏死组与对照组之间鉴定了1283个差异表达基因,主要参与细胞凋亡和自噬信号通路。预测发现circCDR1as靶向调控6个miRNAs,这些miRNAs靶向调控305个靶标基因,其中有31个靶标基因在激素性股骨头坏死中差异表达,RAF1参与自噬被选择为关键基因,并构建了circCDR1as/miR-7-5p/RAF1的调控网络。②与对照组比较,circCDR1as,RAF1和自噬水平在激素性股骨头坏死患者及激素诱导的骨髓间充质干细胞中表达上调(P<0.05),miR-7-5p表达下调(P<0.05);敲降circCDR1as后细胞自噬水平显著下降(P<0.05)。③双荧光素酶报告检测证实了circCDR1as与miR-7-5p以及miR-7-5p与RAF1的靶向调控关系。④结论:CircCDR1as/miR-7-5p/RAF1可能通过自噬信号促进激素性股骨头坏死,靶向circCDR1as是通过部分自噬修复治疗激素性股骨头坏死的潜在策略。

黄金矿山深井开采研究进展与发展趋势

详细阐述了黄金矿山深井开采国内外研究现状及所面临的技术难题,围绕采动岩石力学理论、岩体结构识别与岩体质量分级、矿山三维工程灾害建模、深部采矿设计方法研究、深部采场爆破落矿技术、采动地压调控、采动地压监测、自承载主动释压支护技术、深部采动对地表岩移影响、通风降温技术、智能开采技术、超深竖井建设等展开了详细的讨论与分析;对于黄金矿山非爆采矿机器人研制、采动岩石力学、深部采动地压灾害防控、深井降温技术、超深竖井建设、基于采动地压均衡的深部连续智能化开采技术等方面的未来发展趋势提出了展望,为黄金矿山深井开采的系统研究提供参考依据。

冠心宁通过TNFAIP3-ASK1/JNK通路对动脉粥样硬化血管平滑肌细胞表型转换的调控作用

目的探讨冠心宁(GXN)调控动脉粥样硬化(AS)斑块稳定性的分子机制。方法制备含有GXN药物的血清,利用氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)构建AS体外模型,Western blot和qPCR检测VSMC表型转换情况。通过沉默肿瘤坏死因子α诱导蛋白3(TNFAIP3),检测GXN对VSMC表型转换的影响。构建凋亡信号调节激酶1(ASK1)过表达载体,并利用Lip3000转染进细胞,检测GXN是否通过凋亡信号调节激酶1/c-Jun氨基末端激酶(ASK1/JNK)通路发挥作用。结果与对照组比较,ox-LDL组的细胞表型转换,表现为I型胶原蛋白(COLIA1和COLIA2)、TNFAIP3和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的表达水平降低(均P<0.01),基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)2、MMP9、MMP13、骨桥蛋白(OPN)、ASK1磷酸化与ASK1比值(p-ASK1/ASK1)、JNK磷酸化与JNK比值(p-JNK/JNK)升高(均P<0.01);GXN处理后VSMC表型转换为收缩型,表现为与ox-LDL组相比COLIA1、COLIA2和α-SMA水平增高(均P<0.01),MMP2、MMP9、MMP13、OPN、TNFAIP3的表达水平、p-ASK1/ASK1以及p-JNK/JNK都降低(均P<0.01)。沉默TNFAIP3后,与ox-LDL+10%GXN+sh-NC组相比,COLIA1、COLIA2、TNFAIP3和α-SMA水平降低(均P<0.01),MMP2、MMP9、MMP13、OPN、p-ASK1/ASK1以及p-JNK/JNK都升高(均P<0.01)。过表达ASK1后,与ox-LDL+10%GXN+oe-NC组相比,COLIA1、COLIA2和α-SMA的表达水平降低(均P<0.01),MMP2、MMP9、MMP13、OPN、p-ASK1/ASK1以及p-JNK/JNK都升高(均P<0.01)。结论GXN可能通过TNFAIP3调控ASK1/JNK通路介导VSMC表型转换,从而起到稳定动脉硬化斑块的作用。

从三焦理论探讨恶性胸腹腔积液的治疗

恶性胸腹腔积液病机为三焦阻滞,水饮内停,元气运行受阻,血液凝滞,痰瘀内结,治疗应在行气利水、淡渗利湿或峻下逐水、逐瘀利水通利三焦的基础上,兼顾肺、脾,肾三脏的功能失调。通利三焦多为宣上通下的行气利水药物,如柴胡、枳实、桔梗等,同时配以淡渗利湿药物或者峻下逐水药物以通调水道,如茯苓、猪苓、泽泻等,尚需加用利水逐瘀药物,如水蛭、桃仁、泽兰等。兼顾肺、脾,肾三脏的功能失调,分别以开宣肺气、健脾益气、温补肾阳之法,开宣肺卫通利三焦用以麻黄为基础的方药如越婢汤、越婢加术汤、甘草麻黄汤及大小青龙汤;健脾渗湿疏利三焦用以黄芪为基础的方药如防己茯苓汤、桂枝加黄芪汤、桂枝苦酒汤;温补肾阳用附子,干姜。同时尚需要考虑恶性肿瘤癌毒这一主要病理因素,加用祛除癌毒之邪药物如山慈菇、蛇六谷、全蝎等。

烟草NtPRR37基因克隆及功能分析

【目的】伪答应基因家族(pseudo response regulators,PRRs)是高等植物调控开花途径的重要基因。克隆烟草NtPRR37基因并分析其对不同光周期的应答及对开花的影响,为烟草开花调控提供靶标基因。【方法】利用同源克隆方法从普通烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.)中克隆得到NtPRR37基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析,利用实时荧光定量PCR(real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)分析其在不同组织中的表达及不同光照时长处理的表达模式。同时利用病毒诱导基因沉默(virus induced gene silence,VIGS)技术降低NtPRR37表达水平并观察表型变化及检测开花相关基因表达变化。【结果】NtPRR37基因全长2472 bp,编码823个氨基酸,相对分子质量90.16 kD,含有PRRs基因家族的典型保守结构域(REC和CCT结构域)。通过同源进化分析发现,烟草NtPRR37与绒毛烟草(Nicotiana tomentosiformis)、林烟草(Nicotiana sylvestris)及本氏烟草(Nicotiana benthamiana)的PRR37在进化上属于同一分支。采用RT-qPCR分析发现,该基因在盛花期烟草各个组织的表达特征存在差异性,在雌蕊中的表达量最高,在侧根的表达量最低;在不同光照时长处理下,NtPRR37随着光照时间的增加表达量呈上升趋势,全黑暗处理下表达量最低,且具有生物节律性;NtPRR37沉默植株中NtPRR37表达量明显下调且沉默植株开花期提前,这可能与诱导开花相关基因(NtFT4、NtAP1、NtCO、NtSOC1)表达量显著上调有关。【结论】NtPRR37的表达受到光周期的调控,且在烟草开花过程中NtPRR37作为开花抑制因子存在。

卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿患者血清APRIL与NDRG1的水平表达及其临床价值研究

目的观察血清增殖诱导配体(a proliferation inducing ligand,APRIL),N-myc下游调节基因1(N-myc downstream regulated gene 1,NDRG1)水平变化,并分析其对卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿(ovarian endometriomas,OEM)的诊断价值。方法选取2021年7月~2022年7月在自贡市第一人民医院就诊的132例OEM患者作为观察组,并进行定期随访,根据患者预后病情有无复发分为复发组(n=50)和未复发组(n=82)。同期在该院体检的健康者78例为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清中APRIL和NDRG1水平;并对复发组和未复发组的一般资料进行比较;采用Logistic回归分析影响OEM预后的相关因素;用Pearson法分析OEM患者血清APRIL与NDRG1表达相关性;绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清APRIL和NDRG1对OEM的诊断价值。结果与对照组相比,APRIL水平(35.28±6.81ng/ml vs 26.37±3.19ng/ml)和NDRG1水平(124.39±15.67μg/L vs 9.67±10.82μg/L)升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=10.864,17.278,均P<0.05)。与未复发组比较,复发组血清APRIL(40.38±7.88ng/ml vs 32.16±6.18ng/ml)和NDRG1(132.04±19.83μg/L vs 119.73±13.16μg/L)水平升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=6.668,4.287,均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,血清APRIL和NDRG1水平是影响OEM患者预后的危险因素(Waldχ^(2)=11.839,28.437,均P<0.001)。Pearson法分析结果显示,OEM患者血清APRIL水平与NDRG1水平呈正相关(r=0.439,P<0.001)。血清APRIL,NDRG1水平联合诊断OEM的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.849,灵敏度和特异度分别为73.95%,85.37%,优于APRIL和NDRG1单独预测(Z=2.644,2.094,P=0.008,0.036)。结论子宫内膜异位囊肿患者血清APRIL和NDRG1水平升高,二者联合对子宫内膜异位囊肿诊断具有较高的临床价值,且与子宫内膜异位囊肿患者的预后密切相关。

阿奇霉素对新生大鼠支气管肺发育不良的改善作用及机制

目的基于缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)/HIF-2α/血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)信号通路探讨阿奇霉素对新生大鼠支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的改善作用及机制。方法将60只新生SD大鼠随机分为阴性对照(NC)组、BPD组、阿奇霉素组、布地奈德组(阳性对照),每组15只。NC组大鼠正常呼吸空气,其余3组大鼠通过在高浓度氧中暴露14 d构建BPD大鼠模型。建模成功后,阿奇霉素组大鼠腹腔注射阿奇霉素200 mg/kg,布地奈德组大鼠雾化吸入布地奈德1.5 mg/kg,每日1次,连续14 d;BPD组和NC组大鼠不做任何处理。观察并检测各组大鼠肺组织病理学变化、放射状肺泡计数、肺泡平均截距,支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞计数和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、IL-1β、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)水平,肺组织中VEGF、HIF-1α、HIF-2αmRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达量。结果与NC组比较,BPD组大鼠肺组织出现明显损伤;白细胞计数、肺泡平均截距和TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β、MDA水平均显著上调;放射状肺泡计数,SOD、CAT水平,VEGF、HIF-1α、HIF-2αmRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达量均显著下调(P<0.05)。与BPD组比较,阿奇霉素组和布地奈德组大鼠上述指标均显著逆转(P<0.05)。结论阿奇霉素可明显改善新生大鼠BPD的不良症状,抑制炎症及氧化应激反应,其作用机制可能是通过激活HIF-1α/HIF-2α/VEGF信号通路来实现肺保护作用。

玉米大斑病菌细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶结构亚基StCks1鉴定及其基因功能分析

【目的】Cks1(cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 1)是细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶复合体CDK(cyclin-dependent kinase)的结构亚基,是细胞周期调控过程中的关键基因。论文旨在鉴定玉米大斑病菌(Setosphaeria turcica)StCks1,分析玉米大斑病菌附着胞发育过程中StCks1表达量差异及其互作蛋白,为进一步研究StCks1在附着胞发育中的作用打下基础。【方法】通过对玉米大斑病菌野生型菌株01-23全基因组数据分析,获取StCks1蛋白序列;利用软件MEGA 5.0和在线数据库Pfam、SMART对酿酒酵母、裂殖酵母和拟南芥等物种Cks1蛋白进行系统发育树构建和保守结构域分析;收集玉米大斑病菌附着胞发育不同时期样品进行转录组测序以及表达量分析。利用原核诱导表达系统,构建原核表达载体pGEX-6p-3-StCks1,并转化大肠杆菌表达菌株BL21,对重组蛋白GST-StCks1诱导表达纯化;通过GST pull-down、Western blot技术和酵母双杂交试验,鉴定StCks1的互作蛋白。【结果】玉米大斑病菌全基因组中鉴定到唯一StCks1蛋白编码基因,该蛋白由130个氨基酸组成;其三级结构主要由4股β折叠和3个α螺旋构成,含有HxPEPH(His-anyPro-Glu-Pro-His)保守位点和Cks保守结构域;通过转录组测序和表达量分析发现,StCks1在附着胞发育不同时期表达量显著上调;重组蛋白GST-StCks1在1 mmol·L^(-1) IPTG,30℃诱导2 h可获得大量可溶性蛋白;通过GST pull-down技术获取大量互作蛋白并进行质谱鉴定,通过Western blot和酵母双杂交试验,验证StCks1与细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶CDK1存在互作。【结论】玉米大斑病菌中含有唯一的StCks1,通过与细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶CDK1互作调控附着胞的发育。