The crucial roles of Th17-related cytokines/signal pathways in M. tuberculosis infection

Interleukin-17(IL-17),IL-21,IL-22 and IL-23 can be grouped as T helper 17(Th17)-related cytokines because they are either produced by Th17/Th22 cells or involved in their development.Here,we review Th17-related cytokines/Th17-like cells,networks/signals and their roles in immune responses or immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb)infection.Published studies suggest that Th17-related cytokine pathways may be manipulated by Mtb microorganisms for their survival benefits in primary tuberculosis(TB).In addition,there is evidence that immune responses of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signal pathway and Th17-like T-cell subsets are dysregulated or destroyed in patients with TB.Furthermore,Mtb infection can impact upstream cytokines in the STAT3 pathway of Th17-like responses.Based on these findings,we discuss the need for future studies and the rationale for targeting Th17-related cytokines/signals as a potential adjunctive treatment.

Detection and Clinical Significance of Th17/Treg Cell-Related Factors in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective:To investigate the detection of Th17/Treg cell-related factors in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and its clinical significance.Methods:In this study,a retrospective cohort research method was used to collect the clinical data of 42 patients who were hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and received the diagnosis of GDM from January 2018 to December 2022,as well as 42 patients with normal pregnancies during the same period.The Th17/Treg expression levels and metabolism-related indexes in the peripheral blood of patients were detected by radioimmunoassay.Results:The relative expression of Th17 in the serum of patients in the GDM group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the level of Treg was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);the levels of FBG,FINS,2hBG,TC,TG and HOMA-IR of the patients in the GDM group were significantly higher than that of the control group,and the level of HOMA-βwas significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The imbalance of the Th17/Treg cell ratio in patients with GDM may be related to their disease progression and prognosis,providing new ideas and strategies for the clinical treatment of GDM.

Interleukin-6 compared to the other Th17/Treg related cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND The connection between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and colorectal cancer(CRC)is well-established,as persistent intestinal inflammation plays a substantial role in both disorders.Cytokines may further influence the inflammation and the carcinogenesis process.AIM To compare cytokine patterns of active IBD patients with early and advanced CRC.METHODS Choosing a panel of cytokines crucial for Th17/Treg differentiation and behavior,in colon specimens,as mRNA biomarkers,and their serum protein levels.RESULTS We found a significant difference between higher gene expression of FoxP3,TGFb1,IL-10,and IL-23,and approximately equal level of IL-6 in CRC patients in comparison with IBD patients.After stratification of CRC patients,we found a significant difference in FoxP3,IL-10,IL-23,and IL-17A mRNA in early cases compared to IBD,and IL-23 alone in advanced CRC.The protein levels of the cytokines were significantly higher in CRC patients compared to IBD patients.CONCLUSION Our findings showed that IL-6 upregulation is essential for both IBD and CRC development until the upregulation of other Th17/Treg related genes(TGFb1,IL-10,IL-23,and transcription factor FoxP3)is a crucial primarily for CRC development.The significantly upregulated IL-6 could be a potential drug target for IBD and prevention of CRC development as well.

A Novel LNP-Based <i>Chlamydia</i>Subunit Vaccine Formulation That Induces Th1 Responses without Upregulating IL-17 Provides Equivalent Protection in Mice as Formulations That Induced IL-17 and Th1 Cytokines

We evaluated novel Chlamydial vaccines, consisting of major outer membrane protein (MOMP) alone or in combination with polymorphic membrane proteins D (PmpD) and G (PmpG) using a C57BL/6 mouse model. Native MOMP (nMOMP) isolated from C. muridarum elementary bodies (EBs) and recombinant PmpD and PmpG proteins were adjuvanted with Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), with either lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) or the cationic lipid dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDA). Antibody titers to C. muridarum nMOMP, and EBs were evaluated by ELISA, and T-cell responses were analyzed by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS). Protection from challenge was determined by qPCR. Vaccine immunized mice showed significantly higher antibody titers to nMOMP (P < 0.001) and C. muridarum EBs (P < 0.001), when compared to the adjuvant alone group. Antibody titers in vaccine groups with Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) + LNP were higher as compared to the MPLA + DDA group (P < 0.001) except for (Cm nMOMP + PmpG + PmpD p73 + PmpD p82 + MPLA + DDA) vs (Cm nMOMP + PmpG + PmpD p73 + PmpD p82 + MPLA + LNP) for both C. muridarum EBs and PmpG. ICS analysis showed more robust CD4 + T-cell responses (IFN-γ/IL-2/TNF-a) in the DDA and LNP groups compared to the adjuvant alone group. The DDA + MPLA gave robust Th17 responses in comparison to MPLA and LNP group. Mice immunized with Chlamydia antigens also showed protection from C. muridarum challenge, by reduction in bacterial shedding for all groups (P < 0.003) compared to shedding from the adjuvant control. Both vaccine formulations generated robust immunological responses, and both were protective by reducing bacterial shedding after challenge. This data indicates equal protection can be achieved without the induction of Th17 responses.

复方甘草酸苷对儿童过敏性紫癜Th17／Treg细胞免疫的影响

目的：探讨复方甘草酸苷（compound glycyrrhizin，GL）治疗儿童过敏性紫癜（Henoch—Schonlein purpura，HSP）的临床疗效，从Treg、1h17细胞及促炎因子方面探讨其免疫学机制。方法：27例初发HSP病人作为治疗组，26例作为疾病对照组，25例健康儿童作为正常对照组。治疗组在疾病对照组的基础上增加GL（0．5～2．0ml／kg）静脉注射7d治疗；留取治疗前后全血PBMC行流式检测Treg、Th17细胞阳性率，血浆ELISA法检测促炎因子TNF-α，干扰素诱导蛋白-10（interferon inducible protein-10，IP-10），白介素17（interleukin-17，IL-17），干扰素-γ（interferon-1，IFN-1）浓度变化。结果：①临床症状：治疗组皮疹消退时间较疾病对照组有缩短趋势，肾损害有缓解，1月内紫癜复发率低；②Treg、Th17细胞比例：治疗组治疗前Treg细胞阳性率低于正常对照组（P=0．010）；治疗后与正常对照组无统计学差异（P=0．059）；疾病对照组治疗后Treg低于治疗前及正常对照组（P=0．006，P=0．013）。治疗组治疗前Thl7细胞阳性率高于治疗后及正常对照组水平（P=O．024，P=0．013）；治疗后Thl7与正常对照组无统计学差异（P=0．337）。疾病对照组治疗前Th17亦明显高于治疗后水平（＆0．014）。③炎症因子：2组HSP治疗前血浆IL一17，IFN-γ浓度均高于正常对照组水平（P=0．013，P=0．010）；治疗组治疗后与正常对照组无统计学差异（P=0．052，P=0．154），疾病对照组两指标治疗前后比较无统计学差异（e=-o．218，P=0．970）。治疗组治疗前血浆TNF—α、IP-10均高于治疗后（P=0．011，P=-0．037），疾病对照组治疗前后2指标无统计学差异（尸=0．247，P=0．709）。结论：①GL治疗儿童HSP，可减轻肾损害、短期内减少紫癜复发。@HSP患儿急性期。具有促炎作用的Th17和抗炎作用的Treg可能共同参与了其免疫发病。③GL具有下调Th17、上调Treg细胞比例，降低血浆IL-17、IFN-γ、TNF—α,、IP-10水平的作用，提示GL可能具有一定T细胞免疫调节功能，在佐治儿童HSP免疫炎症方面有一定疗效。

Th-17细胞因子在哮喘期可促进中性粒细胞产生白细胞介素17A和17F

背景:在重度哮喘患者中,Th-17细胞及其衍生的细胞因子(白细胞介素17,白细胞介素21,白细胞介素22)表达升高,但具体的调节机制尚未明确。目的:探讨重症哮喘患者Th-17调节性细胞因子对中性粒细胞中的白细胞介素17的影响。方法:纳入哮喘患者28例,正常健康受试者28名。用白细胞介素21、白细胞介素23和白细胞介素6细胞因子刺激从2组受试者外周血分离的中性粒细胞,并测定它们产生白细胞介素17A和白细胞介素17F的能力。使用流式细胞仪测量刺激后中性粒细胞中的信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)磷酸化水平。通过使用特定化学抑制剂阻断转录激活因子3磷酸化来判断白细胞介素17基因表达是否与其有关。研究由桂林医学院附属医院的伦理委员会审查和批准,伦理审批号:院字2017第013号。结果与结论:①相对于健康对照组,用白细胞介素21、白细胞介素23和白细胞介素6刺激哮喘患者的中性粒细胞,能够显著提高白细胞介素17A和白细胞介素17F的产生;②使用白细胞介素21、白细胞介素23和白细胞介素6细胞因子刺激中性粒细胞均能够增强转录激活因子3磷酸化;③同时,使用特异性化学抑制剂抑制转录激活因子3的磷酸化能够显著阻断中性粒细胞产生白细胞介素17的能力,这表明转录激活因子3激活可能是介导白细胞介素17基因表达的主要路径;④结果说明,严重哮喘患者肺部的中性粒细胞浸润可能是促炎性细胞因子白细胞介素17A和白细胞介素17F的重要来源,转录激活因子3途径可能是严重哮喘期间调节中性粒细胞的潜在靶点。

祛毒退黄汤结肠滴注给药对慢性乙型肝炎肠源性内毒素血症、外周血Th_(17)/Treg细胞因子和肝功能的影响

目的:探讨慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者肠源性内毒素血症(TEM)对外周血Treg细胞、Th_(17)细胞及对肝功能的影响。方法:收集35例健康对照者(HC)和70例CHB患者且血浆内毒素阳性患者的外周血;应用流式细胞术测定外周血Treg细胞(CD_4^+Fox P_3^+)及Th_(17)细胞(CD_4^+IL-17)的水平;并结合血浆谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和总胆红素(TBIL)进行分析。结果:与健康对照者比较,CHB患者的Treg细胞百分比、Th17细胞百分比显著升高(P<0.05);CHB内素素阳性组患者(对照组)Treg细胞百分比、Th_(17)细胞百分比水平均明显高于研究组(P<0.05)。并且治疗后研究组肝功能指标血浆谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和总胆红素(TBIL)的改善较对照组更为明显(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:自拟祛毒退黄汤结肠滴注给药对慢性乙型肝炎肠源性内毒素血症症状和肝功能均有较为明显的改善作用,副作用小,值得临床应用。

胆胃宁在小鼠胃粘膜保护作用中对Th17型细胞因子的调控研究

目的:研究胆胃宁在小鼠胃粘膜保护作用中对Th17型细胞因子的调控作用。方法:将20只BALB/c小鼠随机分成对照组(生理盐水组)和胆胃宁组。以无水乙醇灌胃制作急性胃黏膜损伤模型。2 h后,对照组以生理盐水灌胃,胆胃宁组以15mL/kg剂量灌胃治疗。每隔3 h后按以上方法重复灌胃,24 h后取胃黏膜组织的匀浆上清,用ELISA方法检测Th17型细胞因子IL-17、IL-21、IL-6的改变。结果:胃黏膜中IL-6浓度胆胃宁组为6.30±2.15pg/mL,生理盐水组为10.27±1.80pg/mL;IL-21浓度胆胃宁组为2.76±0.51pg/mL,生理盐水组为9.17±3.64pg/mL,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);IL-17浓度胆胃宁组为14.52±3.30pg/mL,生理盐水组为30.49±3.56pg/mL。两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。胃黏膜组织匀浆上清中胆胃宁组的IL-17和IL-21细胞因子浓度显著低于生理盐水组。结论:胆胃宁在胃粘膜保护作用中具有下调Th17型细胞因子的作用。

褪黑素体内外对胃癌Th1/Th2/Th17型细胞因子表达的影响

目的探讨褪黑素(MLT)体内外对胃癌Th1/Th2/Th17型细胞因子干扰素(IFN)-γ、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IL-17a表达的影响。方法 1.构建荷胃癌小鼠模型,共32只雄性615小鼠全部荷小鼠前胃癌(MFC)细胞后随机分为4组,分别用0、25、50、100 mg/kg剂量褪黑素进行腹腔注射并测量肿瘤长短径。干预1周后取外周血,剥离肿瘤组织进行称重和测量。2.将MFC接种于6孔细胞培养板中,贴壁24h后分别用0、2、4、6、8、10 mmol/L浓度褪黑素干预,24 h后形态学观察并收集相应上清液。3.采用ELISA检测外周血清中褪黑素的浓度变化。采用流式液相多重蛋白定量技术流式微珠阵列(CBA)分别检测外周血清、细胞上清液中Th1/Th2/Th17型相关细胞因子的浓度变化。结果 1.成功建立荷胃癌小鼠模型。与阴性对照组相比,褪黑素中、高剂量组小鼠外周血清褪黑素浓度明显升高,肿瘤体积明显下降。与阴性对照组相比,中剂量组血清中IL-10浓度明显增加;高剂量组血清IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-10浓度均明显增加。2.褪黑素干预MFC细胞实验中,与空白对照组相比,6、10 mmol/L褪黑素组中IFN-γ浓度显著降低;4、6、8、10 mmol/L褪黑素组中IL-6浓度明显降低,而6 mmol/L褪黑素组IL-10浓度明显升高。以上差异均具有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论褪黑素体内外对胃癌细胞均有抑制作用且可能通过调节Th1/Th2/Th17细胞相关因子IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-6及IL-10的表达起增强肿瘤免疫作用。

Effect of saikosaponin A on Treg and Th17 immune balance in depressive rats

Objective:To investigate the Effect of saikosaponin A on Treg and Th17 immune balance in depressive rats.Methods:The rat depression model was established with reference to the Katz method,and the rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,western medicine group,and saikosaponin A group.The western medicine group was given 1.2 mg/kg/d of fluoxetine,and the saikosaponin A group was given 25 mg/kg/d of saikosaponin A,while the control group and model group were given the same volume of normal saline.The evaluation of depression in Rats was analyzed by Openfield-test and sugar water preference test.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of Th17 and Treg cells.And the expression of IL-17,IL-23,TNF-α,IL-10,TGF-βwere detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:Compared with the control group,the horizontal exercise score,vertical exercise score,and sugar preference of the model group decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the above indicators were significantly increased in the western medicine group and saikosaponin A group(P<0.05).Flow cytometry showed that compared with the control group,the Th17 cells,Th17/Treg cell ratio in model group increased significantly,whereas the Treg cells decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,The Th17 cells and Th17/Treg ratio in western medicine group and saikosaponin A group decreased,while the Treg cells increased significantly(P<0.05).ELISA showed that compared with control group,the serum levels of IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-αin model group increased,while the levels of IL-10 and TGF-βdecreased(P<0.05).Compared with model group,the levels of IL-17,IL-23 and TNF-αdecreased,while the levels of IL-10 and TGF-βincreased in western medicine group and saikosaponin A group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Saikosaponin A can reduce the degree of depression by regulating the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in depressed rats.

生三七粉调节哮喘小鼠气道炎症及Th亚群相关细胞因子的实验研究

目的观察三七的民间常用剂型生三七粉对哮喘小鼠气道炎症及Th亚群相关细胞因子的影响,初步探索三七防治哮喘的效果及可能的作用机制。方法 SPF级BALB/c雌性小鼠50只随机分成正常对照组、哮喘模型组,生三七粉低、中、高剂量组5组,每组10只。除正常对照组外,其余各组均采用卵清白蛋白(OVA)腹腔注射及雾化激发法构建哮喘模型。观察小鼠肺组织病理变化,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测小鼠血清中Th亚群相关细胞因子白介素-4(IL-4)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、白介素17(IL-17)的变化。结果 (1)药物干预组哮喘症状有所减轻,肺组织炎细胞浸润减轻。(2)生三七粉可以升高哮喘小鼠血清中IFN-γ的浓度,生三七粉中剂量组与哮喘模型组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与哮喘模型组比较,生三七粉可以明显降低哮喘小鼠血清中IL-4的浓度,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与哮喘模型组比较,生三七粉各剂量组均有降低哮喘小鼠血清中IL-17浓度的作用趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 (1)生三七粉对哮喘小鼠肺组织细支气管及血管周围炎性细胞浸润有减轻作用,可减少气道上皮黏液分泌,改善气道炎症状态。(2)生三七粉防治哮喘的机制之一可能是通过上调哮喘小鼠IFN-γ的分泌,抑制IL-4的分泌,进而促进Th0向Th1分化,抑制Th0向Th2分化,恢复Th1/Th2平衡。

Th lymphocyte subsets in patients with Vogt-KoyanagiHarada disease

AIM: To assess helper T(Th) lymphocyte subset balance in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada(VKH) disease. METHODS: Sixty-eight active VKH patients and seventytwo inactive VKH patients were included in this study. One hundred healthy individuals served as controls. Peripheral blood was obtained from VKH patients and healthy controls. Th lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma concentration of interleukin(IL)-17, IL-10, transforming growth factor(TGF)-β, IL-23 and IL-6 was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). RESULTS: VKH patients with active uveitis had significantly higher percentages of both Th1 and Th17 cells and lower percentages of regulatory T(Treg) cells as compared with inactive VKH patients and healthy controls. Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg ratios were also significantly elevated in active VKH patients. The percentages of Th1, Th17 and Treg cells and the Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg ratio did not differ between inactive VKH patients and healthy controls. There was no difference concerning the percentage of Th2 cells among all the groups. VKH patients with active uveitis showed an elevated level of peripheral Th17 related cytokines levels(TGF-β, IL-6, IL-23, and IL-17) and a decreased level of Treg related cytokines(IL-10) compared with inactive VKH patients and healthy controls. Inactive VKH patients showed no differences in peripheral Th17 related cytokines(TGF-β, IL-6, IL-23, and IL-17) and Treg related cytokines(IL-10) levels compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSION: Th1 and Th17 cells are significantly increased and Treg cells significantly decreased in active VKH compared with inactive VKH or healthy controls. Therefore, Th lymphocyte subset analysis may serve as a disease biomarker for VKH.

Gender-Biased Regulation of Human IL-17-Producing Cells <i>in Vitro</i>by Peptides Corresponding to Distinct <i>HLA-DRB</i>1 Allele-Coded Sequences

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an HLA-DRB1-coded sequence motif called “shared epitope” (SE). To explore potential mechanisms of RA susceptibility, we analyze in vitro effect of peptides bearing different HLA-DR4 sequences on human peripheral blood-derived cells. Three 15-mer peptides were used: 65-79*0401 (HLA-DRB1*04:01- coded sequence SE motif, QKRAA);65-79*0402 (HLA-DRB1*04:02-coded sequence SE-negative motif, DERAA);65-79*0403 (HLA-DRB1*04:03-coded sequence SE-negative motif, QRRAE). We found that CD4 TH17 cells are regulated by peptide treatment with gender bias. In male-derived T cells, all peptide treatments significantly reduced TH17 cell differentiation in vitro when compared to no peptide treatment, and to female samples. TH17 differentiation in samples not treated with peptides, either in the presence or absence of TH17-polarizing cytokines, was higher in males than in females;however, in unfractionated PBMC after treatment with TH17 polarizing cytokines, IL-17A-positive cells were more abundant in females than in males. In addition, SE-positive females showed a significantly higher percentage of IL-17A-positive cells compared to SE-negative females. In conclusion, donor’s SE status and gender may both influence TH17 immune polarization.

从调节性T细胞和Th17细胞变化探讨抗敏平喘方治疗哮喘机制

目的从调节性T细胞（Tregs）和Th17细胞亚群平衡方面来探讨抗敏平喘方治疗哮喘的机制。方法将6~8周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠随机分为5组：对照组、模型组、泼尼松（5.5 mg/kg）组、抗敏平喘方低和高剂量（4.95、9.90 g/kg）组;用卵清蛋白诱导小鼠哮喘模型,每天雾化后ig给药,连续15 d,末次给药后处死小鼠,通过病理切片HE染色观察肺组织的损伤情况,用流式细胞术测定血液中Th17和Tregs细胞亚群的变化比例;ELISA法检测小鼠血清中白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）蛋白的表达水平。结果病理切片HE染色显示抗敏平喘方能够改善哮喘小鼠肺组织损伤,降低淋巴细胞对肺组织的浸润水平;抗敏平喘方能够下调血液中Th17细胞比例和上调Tregs细胞比例,并且存在剂量依赖效应;抗敏平喘方同时能够显著提高血液中IL-4和TGF-β水平并降低TNF-α水平。结论抗敏平喘方能够通过影响Th17细胞和Tregs在血液中的比例以及相关炎症因子的水平而达到治疗哮喘的作用。

麻杏石甘汤联合阿奇霉素对幼儿支原体肺炎的疗效及对Th17/Treg细胞因子的影响

目的观察麻杏石甘汤加减联合阿奇霉素对幼儿支原体肺炎(MPP)的临床疗效,并探索其可能机制。方法选取支原体肺炎患儿200例,随机分为阿奇霉素组(130例)、阿奇霉素联合麻杏石甘汤加减组(70例)。观察两组治愈率、患儿临床症状消失时间及不良反应情况等,并检测患儿治疗前后血清Th17/Treg细胞因子水平。结果与阿奇霉素组比较,联合治疗组治愈率显著提高(P<0.05),临床症状消失时间明显缩短(P<0.05),不良反应明显减少(P<0.05)。治疗后,联合治疗组血清IL-17A,IL-25水平显著低于阿奇霉素组(P<0.05),而IL-35,IL-10水平显著高于阿奇霉素组(P<0.05)。结论麻杏石甘汤加减与阿奇霉素联合应用对MPP疗效确切,其机制可能与麻杏石甘汤调节MPP患儿Th17/Treg细胞因子水平有关。

芪灵合剂对慢性乙型肝炎患者Treg/Th17细胞平衡及相关细胞因子水平的影响

目的分析芪灵合剂对慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者外周血中Treg/Th17细胞平衡及其相关细胞因子IL-35、IL-17表达水平的影响。方法连续选取本院2016年6月-2018年6月收治的CHB患者69例,根据是否给予芪灵合剂分为2组:治疗组39例和对照组30例,比较24周及48周HBV-DNA阴转率及ALT复常率;以流式细胞仪检测2组患者治疗前后外周血CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+ Treg细胞和CD4^+IL-17^+ Th17细胞频数;以酶标仪检测2组患者治疗前后血浆中细胞因子IL-35、IL-17浓度变化。结果治疗组HBV-DNA总体阴转率及ALT复常率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组外周血中Treg细胞及血浆中IL-35浓度均低于对照组,且Th17细胞及IL-17浓度亦均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论芪灵合剂可能通过调节Treg/Th17细胞平衡增强恩替卡韦在CHB中抗病毒疗效。

Bifidobacterium infantis attenuates colitis by regulating T cell subset responses

AIM: to investigate the effect of Bifidobacterium infantis (B. infantis) on the T cell subsets and in attenuating the severity of experimental colitis in mice.

CREMa overexpression decreases IL-2 production,induces a TH17 phenotype and accelerates autoimmunity

Dear Editor,External cytokines produced by cells of the innate immune system induce the dif-ferentiation of CD4+T cells into helper T cell subsets with distinct functions and cytokine profiles.Apart from TH1 and TH2 cells a third subset of helper T cells has been described,which is characterized by increased expression of IL-17A,IL-17F,IL-21 and IL-22(TH17 cells).

Correlations between alterations of T-helper 17 cells and treatment efficacy after concurrent radiochemotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IIB-IIIB): a 3-year prospective study

Background::Recently,T-helper 17(Th17)cells have been proved to play an important role in promoting cervical cancer.But,till now,few study has been carried out to understand the involvement of these cells in efficacy of anti-tumor treatments.This study aimed to investigate the alterations in the percentage of circulating Th17 cells and related cytokines in locally advanced cervical cancer(LACC)patients before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT)and to analyze the correlations between the alterations in Th17 cells and treatment efficacy.Methods::A prospective study with 49 LACC(International federation of gynecology and obstetrics[FIGO]stage IIB-IIIB)patients and 23 controls was conducted.Patients received the same cCRT schedule and were followed up for 3 years.Circulating Th17 cells(CD3+CD8-interleukin[IL]-17+T cells)and related cytokines IL-17,transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),IL-10,IL-23,IL-6,and IL-22 were detected before and after cCRT.Correlations between alterations of circulating Th17 cells and treatment efficacy were analyzed.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS).Results::We found that 40 patients finished the entire cCRT schedule and met the endpoint of this study.The percentage of circulating Th17 cells in the LACC patients was higher than that in the controls,and it significantly decreased after cCRT(P<0.05).After cCRT,patients were divided into two groups based on the average of the Th17 cells declined.The subgroup of patients with a prominent decrease in circulating Th17 cells after cCRT had a higher treatment efficacy and longer PFS and OS times.Compared with the control patients,LACC patients had higher IL-6,IL-10,IL-22,TGF-βlevels and a lower IL-23 level(P<0.05).After cCRT,IL-6,IL-10,IL-17,IL-23 level significantly increased and TGF-βlevel significantly decreased compared with the levels before cCRT(P<0.05).Conclusion::Circulating Th17 cells in the LACC patients(FIGO stage IIB-IIIB)were higher than those in the controls,but they generally decreased after cCRT.A more pronounced decrease in circulating Th17 cells after cCRT was correlated with better therapeutic effect and longer PFS and OS times.

Th17细胞及其相关效应因子在缺血性脑卒中炎性损伤中的作用研究概况

对近年来有关Th17细胞及其相关效应因子在缺血性脑卒中炎性损伤中的作用研究进行概述。Th17细胞及其相关效应因子主要以启动炎症级联反应放大、协同神经胶质细胞促进炎症发展、破坏血脑屏障结构、增强兴奋性神经递质毒性、抑制神经干细胞的神经保护作用等方式加重缺血后脑损伤。目前尚缺乏靶向Th17细胞治疗缺血性脑卒中的相关研究,而外泌体、非编码RNA等可一定程度调控Th17细胞分化,可成为治疗缺血性脑卒中新的研究方向。