Thoughts of geographical indication in Shanxi province based on comparison with six provinces of Central China

Geographical indication is indication not only of origin but also of quality, and what＇s more, it is a kind of intellectual property rights. The paper analyzes the problems of geographical indication in Shanxi province by comparison with six provinces of Central China, suggesting that in order to actively expand protective space of geographical indication, two key things should be done： Firstly, the transition from resource advantages to brand advantages should be actively promoted; secondly, the governments and industry associations should play their effective roles.

Diagnostic Analysis on a Regional Rainstorm Weather in North-central Henan Province

[Objective] The research aimed to analyze a regional rainstorm weather process in north-central Henan Province. [Method] Based on the conventional meteorological observation data and the rainfall data of Henan Meteorological Station, the diagnostic analysis of atmospheric thermodynamics and dynamics on a rainstorm weather process in north-central Henan Province on July 19, 2010 was carried out. The characteristics of physical quantity field and the evolution of weather situation in north-central Henan Province when the rainstorm happened were studied. [Result] Western Pacific subtropical high strengthened to extend westward. The dynamic uplifting of low vortex at the middle and low layers, the strong water vapor transportation of southwest low-level jet caused the regional rainstorm weather process in north-central Henan Province. The diagnostic results of physical quantity showed that the deep, thick wet layer and the sustained water vapor convergence provided the abundant water vapor for rainstorm generation. The positive vorticity advection center developed and spread from northwest to southeast, which was favorable for the development of vertical movement. The structure maintenance of positive vorticity at the middle and low layers, negative vorticity at the middle and high levels provided the power condition for the regional rainstorm generation. The pumping effect of convergence at the middle and low layers, divergence at the high layer was favorable for the strengthening of vertical ascending motion at the low layer. The uplifting effect of dew point front at the middle and low layers triggered the release of unstable energy. The confrontation of warm and cold air was one of the important reasons for the regional rainstorm. TBB characteristic analysis showed that TBB was from -60 to -50 ℃ in north-central Henan Province in the whole strong precipitation time, and the moving speed was equivalent to that of southwest vortex. The low-value belt of TBB corresponded with the rainstorm occurrence zone in Henan, and the minimum-value center of TBB was basically consistent with the strongest center of precipitation. [Conclusion] The research provided the scientific basis for the short-term forecast of rainstorm.

6—8世纪中国疫灾的时空特征及鼠疫流行

为探究世界第一次鼠疫大流行期间(公元541-750年)中国的瘟疫流行状况,基于《中国三千年疫灾史料汇编》和最新获得资料,编制6-8世纪中国疫灾简略年表,对6-8世纪中国疫灾的时空分布特征,中国腺鼠疫流行的可能性,以及中国与中亚、欧洲鼠疫互传的可能性进行分析,主要结论如下:1)6-8世纪中国处于魏晋南北朝疫灾高峰期的后期和唐代疫灾低谷期的前期,总体上属于疫灾偏少时期;该时期瘟疫总体上主要在春、夏季流行,大瘟疫则多发生于夏、秋、冬季;十年尺度上的疫灾频度总体趋于下降,十年疫灾频度指数和十年疫灾等级指数均存在280 a、100 a、50 a的波动周期.2)中国早在公元前3世纪以前就有了鼠疫记载,世界第一次鼠疫大流行期间,“恶核”“虏疮”“流肿”“暍病”“苦头痛”等称谓,都是对腺鼠疫某个方面症状的描述,其间中国境内肯定有腺鼠疫流行.3)世界范围内鼠疫的发生具有多源性,中亚地区是古老的鼠疫自然疫源地,第一次鼠疫大流行期间,中国的鼠疫主要由中亚地区的游牧民族通过战争输入,首当其冲的中国西北是6-8世纪鼠疫流行最频繁的地区.

Analysis of an Abrupt Rainstorm Process in Central Hunan Province

[Objective] The aim is to expound the abrupt rainstorm in the central Hunan Province on May 6 in 2010.[Method] By dint of NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data,routine observation data,auto-station precipitation and FY-2C satellite data,the large-scale circulation background and physical condition during the large rainstorm period from the night on May 5 to 6 in 2010 were analyzed.The large scale environment,meso-scale characteristics and potential causes for the formation of large precipitation were revealed.By dint of FY-2D satellite and water-vapor cloud image,infrared cloud image,4 black light temperature,the variation characteristics of heavy rainstorm convection system were analyzed.[Result] Under the favorable environment background,the rainstorm was induced by the meso-scale convection system,and it had close relation with the upper-air trough,shear line in the middle and low layer,ground weak and cold air and the torrent in the upper and low latitude.The result of all kinds of physical quantities suggested that the meso-scale rainstorm above the air had distinct characteristics and the heavy precipitation was in the middle Hunan Province.It was caused by meso-system.The dynamic dry belt above the satellite,TBB=-60℃ center and the large value area of the gradient could provide references for the forecast and pre-warning of large rainstorm.[Conclusion] The study accumulated experiences for the forecast and report of rainstorm in Hunan Province.

Diagnosis Analysis of Rare Continuous Heavy Rainfall Process in Autumn of 2008 in Central Section of Yunnan Province

Based on the NCEP reanalysis and conventional observation information,the circulation background and physical quantity field of the rare continuous intensive precipitation process occurred in autumn(from October 24 to November 5) of 2008 in central section of Yunnan Province were analyzed and diagnosed.The results showed that the low-level cold front shear and mid-high level convergence zone maintenance constituted the main synoptic situation background of the rare continuous heavy rainfall in autumn in the middle regions of Yunnan Province.The two water vapor which came from the Bay of Bengal and the south of Indo-China Peninsula converged in the central and southern Yunnan,forming a deep moisture convergence zone.The warm and humid air climbed upward along the low-level cold air with the formation of a long period of upward motion,playing an important part in the maintenance of heavy precipitation weather process.The continuous heavy rainfall center and the weak high values of convective available potential energy(CAPE) had good corresponding indexicality.During the heavy precipitation,there were five mesoscale clouds which generated in the cold wind shear cloud belt.In this favorable context of large-scale circulation,frequent movement of the mesoscale system was the direct cause of this continuous intensive precipitation process.

An Empirical Analysis of the Export Competitiveness of Agricultural Products in Hubei Province Based on Inter-provincial Comparison

With the six provinces of Central China and China's six major provinces of exporting agricultural products as the reference objects,this paper uses revealed comparative advantage index and export growth advantage index to perform the empirical analysis and comparison on the export competitiveness of agricultural products in Hubei Province,and finally makes the corresponding policy recommendations in order to enhance the export competitiveness of agricultural products in Hubei Province.

中部六省经济增长与工业三废脱钩关系

基于Tapio脱钩弹性系数模型,选取工业增加值、人均GDP、工业废水、工业废气、工业固体废弃物排放量等5个指标,对中部六省2005—2019年工业三废排放与工业增加值、人均GDP增长的脱钩关系进行实证研究。结果表明:时间上看,中部六省工业增加值与工业三废排放和人均GDP增长与工业三废排放的脱钩弹性系数无时序规律,但整体脱钩关系向绝对脱钩演变;工业增加值与工业三废排放量大部分处于脱钩状态,但状态不稳定,仍有少部分非脱钩状态存在;人均GDP增长与工业三废排放脱钩关系大部分处于相对脱钩和绝对脱钩状态,少部分呈扩张负脱钩和增长连结状态。空间上看,湖南省是两组脱钩关系中表现最优的省份,山西省是两组脱钩关系中表现最差的省份。

中部六省乡村教师队伍建设政策文本分析

优化乡村教师队伍建设政策对缩小城乡教育差距、推动地区高质量发展具有重要意义。我国中部六省在乡村教师队伍补充、保障和培养等方面有很多共性政策,对提高乡村教师幸福感、留住乡村教师和提升乡村教师教育教学能力等方面发挥了积极作用,但在加大对师范院校和师范类专业的支持力度、加强对师范生乡村教育实习过程监控、提高对非师范专业毕业人员的招聘要求、对“校联体”学校实行整体评价、实行乡村教师“鹊桥工程”、培训内容聚焦留守儿童教育、复式教学等方面还可继续着力。

高职教育生态可持续发展的内涵特征与评价指标体系构建——基于中部六省高职教育质量年报数据的分析

高职教育生态可持续发展理念强调高职教育系统中各要素的有机整合,以人为本、生态调适、和谐共生、可持续发展为其内涵要义,结构层面系统性、目标层面双向保障性、行动层面协同性为其基本特征。根据“承载力—支持力—吸引力—延续力—发展力”(CSAED)模型,可从高职教育环境质量有效改善、规模增长适度增强、资源结构不断优化、产出价值充分发挥、投入活力显著提升五个方面构建高职教育生态可持续发展的评价指标体系。基于中部六省高职教育质量年报数据,对各地区高职教育生态可持续发展情况进行综合分析,为各地区高职教育生态可持续发展评价提供基础理论支持与实践应用指导。

中部六省耕地生态足迹动态演变及驱动力研究

文章运用生态足迹模型,分析了中部六省耕地生态足迹演化趋势,利用SPSS 26.0探讨了其驱动因素。结果表明:山西等四省人均耕地生态足迹波动上升,湖北等两省相对稳定。河南人均耕地生态承载力呈波动上升趋势,山西呈波动下降趋势,安徽等四省相对稳定。河南等五省耕地资源呈现可持续利用状态,山西则为不可持续状态。中部六省耕地生态足迹变化驱动力和演变趋势存在差异,江西和山西呈现增长-下降-增长的态势,湖南、湖北和河南呈现增长-下降态势。通过提高耕地产出能力、优化配置耕地资源、建设高标准农田等,利于实现耕地可持续性利用。

基于熵权TOPSIS法的中部六省旅游高质量发展研究

根据高质量发展内涵,从创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享五个层面建立旅游高质量发展评价指标体系,采用熵权TOPSIS法对2016—2020年中部六省的旅游高质量发展情况进行实证研究。结果表明:时间上,中部六省旅游高质量发展水平在整体呈上升趋势,但各省发展速度和发展水平不一;空间上,呈现出不均衡态势,湖北省、安徽省、湖南省和江西省旅游高质量发展水平优势明显;河南省、山西省旅游高质量发展水平状况较差。各省份旅游高质量发展主要受创新水平、产业协同、开放发展的影响较大。因此,需要加大旅游产业创新投入,促进区域内外协调发展,提升全域旅游开放共享品质,推动中部六省旅游高质量发展。

中部6省生态足迹的测算与比较分析

生态足迹方法是区域可持续发展研究的一种重要方法,在中部6省大区域框架下,运用生态足迹模型对中部6省1989—2011年的生态足迹进行了测算和对比研究。研究结果表明:中部6省1989—2011年的生态承载力较为平稳,其中江西、河南、湖北和湖南4省的生态承载力略有上升,而山西、安徽两省的生态承载力有下降趋势。中部6省的社会经济活动对生态系统的消耗远大于生态系统本身的承载能力,并且这种差距正在不断增大,导致生态赤字不断增大。考察期间,山西省生态赤字的绝对值最小,平均生态赤字为0.49 hm2 cap-1,湖北省生态赤字最大,平均值为1.15 hm2 cap-1,其次为河南和湖南,生态赤字增长最快的是山西省和河南省,增长倍数分别达到了7.38和4.27倍。中部6省6种生态生产性土地的生态足迹均呈现出上升趋势,平均来看,6类生态生产性土地在中部6省总的生态足迹中所占比重由高到低依次为耕地、化石能源地、草地、建筑用地、水域、林地。耕地生态足迹是生态足迹中最重要的组成部分,在总的生态足迹中所占比重最大,中部6省耕地的生态足迹时间序列数据比较平稳,在考察时间内从1989年的0.4241上涨到2011年的0.5851,上升趋势较平稳,但由于耕地生态足迹所占比重大,尽管增长速度缓慢,但对中部6省生态足迹总的影响较大。建筑用地和林地生态足迹虽然增长幅度较大,但由于基数小,因此建筑生态足迹和林地生态足迹对中部6省生态足迹总的影响较小。草地、水域和化石能源用地生态足迹基数大,增长幅度也大,加上耕地生态足迹,共同决定了中部6省人均生态足迹的逐年上升趋势。

中南6省/区公立医院药品集中采购中标效果评价

目的:为进一步完善公立医院药品集中采购工作提供参考。方法:搜集2010-2014年湖北、广东、广西、海南、河南和湖南等中南6省/区药品集中采购中的药品通用名、中标企业、中标价格等中标数据,对各省/区中标企业的平均中标品规数、中标集中度(市场集中度中的绝对集中度)、中标价格分布及各省份同一品种药品中标价格差异等进行统计分析。结果:湖北、广东、广西、海南、河南和湖南6省/区中标品规数分别为13 852、5 071、23 518、11 462、17 796、13 742个;各省/区中标企业平均中标品规数分别为6.33、3.72、9.89、5.64、7.32、6.85个;前3强中标企业的中标集中度分别为3.20%、2.64%、3.14%、4.16%、2.06%、5.46%;各省/区中标药品价格主要集中在0.05~40.00元(60%以上);有13 132个(78.36%)药品在不同省/区的最高中标价格与最低中标价格的差异倍数在1倍之内;6省/区有12 136个(72.41%)药品中标价格的变异系数(CV)<0.2。结论:中南6省/区各省药品中标品规数过多,参与药品集中采购的中标企业集中度低,同一药品在不同省/区的中标价格不同。

中部6省制造业“新型化”比较与评价

本文在制造业"新型化"五维评价的基础上,构建新的多种均值评价指标体系,运用偏好比率法,信息熵组合赋权和灰色关联投影法综合评价模型,对中部6省制造业"新型化"水平和制造业的经济创造能力、科技创新能力、资源节约能力、环境保护能力、社会服务能力做全面的比较和评价。结果显示,从纵向看,"十二五"期间,中部6省制造业"新型化"程度稳中有增;从横向来看,中部6省制造业"新型化"水平呈阶梯状分布,省域之间差异较大,且制造业"新型化"五维层面统筹不协调。最后,针对上述存在的问题,提出对策建议。

中部6省利用外商直接投资的影响因素和对策

通过分析中部6省引进外商直接投资的情况,发现1985—2003年期间中部6省FDI的规模较小,且结构不合理,但自2004年以来,外资流入速度加快,逐渐表现出潜在的优势。笔者通过分析影响中部6省外商直接投资的因素,并与浙江省进行比较,提出了扩大市场规模,提高市场化程度,重视科技发展,注重产业结构调整,进一步加大招商引资力度等建议。

融资模式与经济增长效应--基于中部6省的实证分析

金融发展与经济增长息息相关,不同的融资模式具有不同的经济增长效应。本文利用中部6省2004-2014年的面板数据,通过构建计量模型,实证分析了融资模式的经济增长效应。研究结果表明:直接融资的比例越高,经济增长效应就越明显;同时,扩大信贷规模、加大人力资本投入以及增加固定资产,对经济增长具有显著的促进作用,而贸易开放度的提高与实际利用外资规模的扩大,则对经济增长效应的影响并不显著。为提升全要素生产率,需要进一步提高全社会直接融资的比重,以及适时采用适度收紧的货币政策。

中部6省高技术产业效率比较分析

将数据包络分析方法(DEA)的动态综合评价模型运用到省域高技术产业投入产出效率评价中,对中部地区6个省份高技术产业投入产出效率进行横向和纵向的对比分析与评价。结果表明,中部6省的高技术产业投入产出效率相差不大,较为稳定,相对来说,湖北省的高技术产业绩效较其他5省高些;总体趋势是投入产出效率越来越高,仍有发展潜力。最后提出中部地区进一步发展高技术产业、提高投入效率的建议。

中国中部区域省际贸易流量与贸易壁垒研究

通过分析中国省际贸易流量与贸易壁垒现状,发现中部区域的省际贸易流量与当地经济发展水平大体相契合。具体而言,中部各省份的产品及服务流出量略大于流入量,省际贸易循环以中部区域内部为集中点。当前,各区域经济发展仍然存在各区域贸易壁垒障碍尚未解决、各区域产业集群规模尚未成型、各区域经济循环规模作用尚未发挥、各区域基础产业运作优势尚未集聚等问题。根据研究结论,提出了推进区域化合理分工、强化产业链效能,借助优势突破地域局限、健全基础设施体系,融圈入群建设城市圈、夯实产业发展基础,立足区域特色优势、推进产业体系优化升级,创新贸易金融业务模式、催化省际贸易快速增长,加快贸易技术投入与优化升级、提高产品核心竞争力等对策建议。