English Translation of Chinese Natural Ecological Discourse:A Corpus-based Case Study on Xi Jinping:The Governance of China

Amid the increasingly severe global natural eco-environment,it is necessary to build a natural ecological civilization by constructing an ecological civilization discourse.Against this background,this study compiles a corpus of natural ecological discourse in the English translation of Xi Jinping:The Governance of China(short for Xi).By using Wordsmith and AntConc,this study explores the linguistic features of the ecological discourse in English translation of Xi in the following dimensions,including high-frequency words,keywords,word collocations,concordance lines.This study aims to analyze the concepts and attitudes towards natural ecology,so as to provide certain valuable insights for the construction of China’s discourse on natural ecological civilization.The study found that the natural ecology discourse involving in the English translation of Xi turned out to be ecologically beneficial.

Subtitle Translation From the Perspective of Eco-Translatology: A Case Study of China Bouquet

China Bouquet shows the uniqueness of Chinese culture from 20 perspectives, serving as an excellent work for disseminating Chinese culture to the world. This paper studies the documentary subtitle translation of China Bouquet from the perspective of eco-translatology. Through analyzing subtitle translation of China Bouquet from linguistic, cultural, and communicative dimensions, the paper aims to propose an effective way to translate and transform subtitles with Chinese characteristics.

On China English and Chinglish from the Perspective of Translation

English used in China enjoys a variety of specific characteristics thanks to the influence from Chinese,and China English and Chinglish are known as the two major variants of its localization.The paper starts with a brief introduction to English and its variation.Following that,the great differences between China English and Chinglish are totally illustrated in comparison with pidgin and creole.Then it gives close attention to China English and Chinglish in terms of translation respectively,which leads to the possible explanation of the formation of China English through translation,and the suggestive solutions to shun Chinglish phenomena in translation and communication.

On English Translation of Public Service Advertisement in China Daily From the Perspective of Skopostheorie

Nowadays China has turned out to be the second largest economy in the world,appealing foreigners to pay more attention to China.As we all know,China Daily(the English version)enjoys the most authoritative English newspaper at home,mainstreaming economy,environment,society and so on.Public service advertisement(afterwards PSA represents it)reflects China’s current situation and also raises public awareness.As a result,it is enormously important to study English translation of PSA in China Daily.Guided by Skopostheorie,this paper aims at discussing the present studies of PSA at home and abroad and making a detailed study of PSA through adopting proper English translation strategies,hoping to provide some experience in this field.

The Translation and Reception of Robert Burns in China

As one of the most popular foreign poets, Robert Burns has been introduced into China since the beginning of 20th century. However the translation and acception of his works has been neglected in some scholars' research. In order to under stand the acception and influence of Burns in China, the translating and reception progress of Burns and his works will be intro duced and divided into four stages accordingly.

The Analysis on the Translation Process of Chapter Two in A Bite of China

Taking Chapter Two in A Bite of China as research subject, the purpose of the present paper is to analyze the writing and stylistic characteristics, and to introduce the translation process of the text as well as to introduce Chinese cuisine culture to the English world. Based on Skopos Theory and the English translation of the text, this paper analyzes different strategies and methods in the process of translation, including domesticating, foreignizing, inversion, division and so on. This paper also analyzes the difficult problems and the solutions in translation. The author hopes the strategies and specific methods mentioned in this paper can make contribution to practical translation work and chinese food culture in A Bite of China can be better presented in the English world

An Analysis of the English Translation of Xi JinPing:The Governance Of China——From The Perspective of Toury's Translation Norms

Xi Jinping:The Governance of China is of great significance in asserting to the world the fundamental policies and statecraft of CPC.Its English translation is analyzed on the basis of Toury's translation norm theory,which guide and regulate all the processes in the translation activities.Based on preliminary norms,initial norms and initial norms,factors influencing the choice of source text,the attitude of translators as well as the specific translation strategies in the translation activity are explored with detailed cases.

Translation of Four-Chinese-Character Structures——With the Report at the 19^(th) National Congress of the Communist Party of China as Case Study

Chinese is featured with four-Chinese-character structures.These forms are typical in pattern,sound and meaning delivery.The thesis,therefore,with classifications of the four-Chinese-character structures in the latest 19^(th)National Congress of the Communist Party of China,attempts to analyze translation methods such as literal translation and liberal translation as well as translation techniques such as combination,shift,addition and omission.It is concluded that dominant methods or techniques are adopted in translating corresponding types of four-Chinese-character structures.In this sense,not only guidance for translation practice in political regard is offered but also a further understanding of translation methods and techniques can be gained.

On Translation Errors and Culture Deviations in China English from Angle of Language Inclusivity

Any language must have the inclusivity of its own,otherwise it can hardly get developed. The English language has got the most powerful inclusivity, which makes itself the lingua franca of the world. However, as one of language varieties, China English develops with a lot of translation errors and culture deviations, which makes itself doubtful. As a result, a view comes into being that none errors can be permitted in China English, otherwise China English couldn't exist. But finally, it turns out that translation errors and culture deviations in China English are acceptable due to the language inclusivity.

The Earliest Translations of Chinese Fiction into English Focus on The General History of China

The first works of Chinese vernacular fiction available in the West were published 1735,when the French Jesuit Jean-Baptiste Du Halde compiled translations of three pieces of Chinese vernacular fiction from Jingu qiguan(Marvels Ancient and Modern).These were later translated into English in The General History of China(1736)edited by John Watts.The three stories are"Lu Dalang gives money to re-unite his family","Zhuangzi bangs a drum and becomes an immortal",and"The bad servant sues his master because of a private grudge".The stories are framed by a dual purpose:they were a means to understand the nature of Chinese society,and they were also a pivot in the changing views of China.The moral content of the stories is played out in ambiguous ways,varying between simplistic moral lessons of good and bad rewards for good and bad deeds,and a more amoral tone.

Strategies of Back Translation of Works on China Written by Modern Foreign Scholars--Illustrated by Translation of Chinese Characteristics

Since 1980s,with the deepening of the cultural communication between China and western countries,more and more works on China written by modern foreign scholars are translated into Chinese,and most of the versions are of high quality. But there also exist some common deficiencies,the most representative of which lie in the versions reflecting the Chinese elements,that is,the versions are ( 1) less formal; ( 2) less idiomatical and ( 3) unable to correct the errors of the original. However,translation practice shows that back translation is an effective way to solve the problems above. Based on the discussion of the back translation theory and his experience from translating Chinese Characteristics,the author presents some corresponding strategies about back translation.

Language Contact Based Lexis Study of China English in Traditional Chi⁃nese Medicine Translation

Objective To analyze,from the perspective of language contact,the lexical formation of China English(CE)in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)translation,and point out translation strategies of using CE to do TCM translation.Methods By selecting Chinese and English abstracts in four core journals about Chinese herbs and acupuncture published from 2017 to 2019,under the guidance of language contact,this research explores the lexical formation of CE in TCM translation,and from which some transla⁃tion strategies are summarized.Results Chinese Pinyin,TCM philosophy terms,combination of Chinese Pinyin and English vocabu⁃laries,and new English vocabularies are main methods of forming CE lexis in TCM translation;and transliteration,literal transla⁃tion,free translation,hybrid translation,and lexis creation are the translation strategies given for using CE to do TCM translation,hoping it would be useful for reference in related area.

Imaging and Inventing Self:Constructing Heroines Through Translation in Late Qing China

A fad for female heroism emerged in the late Qing China as women were urgently mobilized to undertake the mission of‘strengthening the nation and preserving the race.’However,women reaching the modern standards of heroines were almost absent in China.Western heroines were then introduced into China as exemplars for Chinese women to emulate.The story of Madame Roland,the most prestigious Western heroine at that time,was appropriated to the political ends.The male-coded virtues of her were highlighted in conformity to the standards of heroines in late Qing China:hero-worship,patriotism,political maternity and beauty.An ideal heroine was thus created through translation.As a prototype of heroine,she inspired a flood of localized Chinese heroines.

Influences of Different Thinking Modes between Chinese and English on Translation for China's Global Communication

There are different thinking modes between Chinese and English. Different thinking modes lead to different language habits, which has an great influence on translation for China's global communication. Hence, we should focus on the difference of thinking modes when we do translation for China's global communication. This paper researches the influences of different thinking modes between Chinese and English on translation for China's global communication from four aspects.

A Tentative Study of Chinglish in Translation of Advertisement

Since the policy of reform and opening up began in 1978,the economy of our country has made rapid progress.While applauding the success achieved,we regret to see many problems still exist,among which Chinglish is a prominent one.It has not only hindered the international communication between China and foreign countries,even worse,spoiled Chinese image on the stage of globalization.This thesis chooses the field of advertisement as the topic and attempt to research for the causes and manifestations of Chinglish.At the same time,it is devoted to discussing ways to reduce Chinglish,with a view to bringing translation to a higher standard.

Zero Translation on Brand Names in IT Industry

With the rapid development of economic globalization, an increasing number of software, applications and electronic products have entered China's market and the translation of their brand name draws more public attention. Based on the analysis of brand names of software, applications and products of Apple Inc., This paper argues that zero translation adopted in the brand names in IT industry is the main important and optimal translation method.The case and practice of Apple Inc. In the translation of brand name provides some implications to China's IT industry.

Culture-Specific Metaphor in TGOC and Its C-E Translation

The Governance of China features the application of metaphors with Chinese characteristics.Metaphor is very persuasive.It uses rational and conscious conceptual basis with emotional and metaphoric meaning to describe facts and affect people’s perception.Through statistical analysis of Xi Jinping’s metaphorical expression and its resonance of the source domain,the current research focuses on the identification of conceptual metaphors in TGOC and explores its translation strategies.It is found that the ROSD of JOURNEY,BUILDING and WAR metaphors are among the highest and significant.Four networks have been identified to translate the culture-specific metaphors from Chinese into English,while the Single-Scopes dominate an overwhelming majority.Single-Scopes and Double-Scopes are the main cognitive strategies for the C-E translation.

Study on Lin Shu’s“Mistranslation”From the Perspective of Translation Ethics

From the appearance of ethics,it has the similar meaning of morality,but the latter one emphasizes more on the study of human’s behaviors,while the ethics would focus on the discussion of moral ethical norms for individuals and the whole society.As one of the most influential translators in late Qing China,Lin Shu makes his great efforts on introducing western literature and new thoughts to China.Referring to the study of Lin’s translations,it always mixed with praises and criticisms,therefore the“faithfulness”in his translations or not would be the main point to discuss.From the perspective of translation ethics,it is mainly explored the cause of“mistranslation”in Lin Shu’s translated works in late Qing China.

Changing Content of Translators＇ Prefaces： With Special Reference to China Yilin Press＇s Translated Publications

The current study aims at identifying the content configuration of translators＇ prefaces with special reference to China Yilin Press＇s English-Chinese （E-C） translated publications of American authors and finding the evolving tendency of the content of the translators＇ prefaces. One hundred and eight translators＇ prefaces are selected from the E-C translations published by the Press from 1988 to 2013 and classified on the basis of Genette＇s （1997） classification scheme. The Microsoft Excel as well as a human coder is used to analyze the evolving tendency and content of the translators＇ prefaces. Results indicate that translators＇ prefaces fall into 11 kinds in terms of their content, with the occurrence of three of them--genesis, the translator＇s conclusion and introduction to the translator ---on the increase, whereas that of eight of them--introduction to the author, introduction to the original, genre indication, the translator＇s opinion or analysis, statements of intent, contextual information, commentary on the title and introduction to the translated version--on the decline. It can be concluded that translators＇ prefaces play important roles in that they provide more information concerning the original and the author, such as plots, characters in the story and narrative techniques, but also give explanations for translators＇ motivation of translation, translation strategies adopted. Focus of the content of translators＇ prefaces has shifted from the original and the authors to the translators and translation process that reflect translator＇s subjectivity. This study underlines that due attention should be paid to the evolving tendency of their content configuration in recent years so as to ensure the social status of translators, and circulation and acceptance of the translated publications.

British Tourists' Views on English Menus in Chinese Restaurants and their Implication for Menu Translation

This paper employs a questionnaire to investigate whether tourists to China find the menus in Chinese restaurants satisfactory and what might hinder their understanding of the menus. The findings based on the questionnaire responses suggest that tourists pay more attention to dish descriptions than dish names and lack of description tend to pose the greatest difficulty in their choice-making process. It is also found that diners will not be bothered by occasional appearance of foreign languages and expect to see some highly technical words on the menu. Therefore, menu translations should attach more importance to descriptions and could sometimes resort to Pinyin, a phonetic transcription system for Chinese characters, to solve the non-translatability of some terms.