Both Marxism and nationalism are among the most far-reaching thoughts in modern times.On dealing the ideological collision between Marxism and nationalism, "Difficult Dialogue" universally exists in the acad...Both Marxism and nationalism are among the most far-reaching thoughts in modern times.On dealing the ideological collision between Marxism and nationalism, "Difficult Dialogue" universally exists in the academic circle.Many scholars evaded,ridiculed or even negated classic Marxist writers' explications on nationalism.Though basically,classic Marxist writers criticize nationalism,it doesn' t mean that Marxism and nationalism inevitably oppose to each other.It is highly necessary to analyze the causes of the "difficult dialogue between Marxism and nationalism" and re-thinking classic Marxist writers' explications on nationalism.展开更多
Wil1iam Bradford’s of Playmouth PlantationIt has been nearly five hundred years sinca America was discovered. But American litera-ture did not began to develop until the colonial period when the English began to sett...Wil1iam Bradford’s of Playmouth PlantationIt has been nearly five hundred years sinca America was discovered. But American litera-ture did not began to develop until the colonial period when the English began to settle on thenorth Amerincan continent in the early part of the seventeenth century. Colonial展开更多
The purpose of this essay was to explore the importance of professional training for test writers and teachers as well.Since both testing and teaching are so closely interrelated that it's impossible to work in ei...The purpose of this essay was to explore the importance of professional training for test writers and teachers as well.Since both testing and teaching are so closely interrelated that it's impossible to work in either field without being constantly concerned with the other. Test writers need professional training to keep pace with emergence of new views of language teaching practice and the rapid change of social life, in order to make testing more authentic and more valid.展开更多
This paper aims to talk about the superficial reflections on language testing from the perspective of professional training for test writers,to qualify test writers with basic testing theories,to make the test valid a...This paper aims to talk about the superficial reflections on language testing from the perspective of professional training for test writers,to qualify test writers with basic testing theories,to make the test valid and reliable,to help improve educational reform and language teaching,to fully conform to the standards set by syllabus.展开更多
Assessment in the classroom,whether informal,formative,or summative,has been the major source of identifying students’ strengths and weaknesses in learning a foreign language. The article tries to rationalize the cur...Assessment in the classroom,whether informal,formative,or summative,has been the major source of identifying students’ strengths and weaknesses in learning a foreign language. The article tries to rationalize the current test writers training programs by elaborating on the importance of testing and assessing from the perspectives of the criteria of qualified testing system and the qualifications of test writers which reversely turns to be the challenges imposed on the language test writers.展开更多
Revision is a complex,yet important phase in writing to improve the quality of a text.Some revision models are created to explain its components and the ways these components work.However,analysis of available models ...Revision is a complex,yet important phase in writing to improve the quality of a text.Some revision models are created to explain its components and the ways these components work.However,analysis of available models shows that they are proposed mainly for expert writers,who can complete the complex revision process individually,without the need of support or feedback.Most of the available revision models also do not include audience as a component.Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to introduce an alternative revision model for novice writers at or higher than highschool level with a focus on audience and feedback.First,the definition of revision is made,which is followed by summaries of the importance of audience and feedback in writing.Second,available revision models in literature that serves as the basis of the alternative model are reviewed.Finally,the alternative revision model is introduced with its components and the way these components work is explained.The revision model presented in this paper will contribute to literature on writing by filling the gap in revision models by proposing a model for novice writers and highlighting the importance of audience and feedback.展开更多
This paper dwells on Theodore Dreiser’ experiences and those of the three main characters in his novel “Sister Carrie”.In doing so, the writer intends to bring up some similarities between the novelist and the thre...This paper dwells on Theodore Dreiser’ experiences and those of the three main characters in his novel “Sister Carrie”.In doing so, the writer intends to bring up some similarities between the novelist and the three characters and consequently go deeper into the social significance of the novel and the characters.展开更多
Through the introduction of the American poem "I Hear America Singing" and its writer Walt Whitman, the Chinese poem " 春望 "and its writer:杜甫, and the comparison of these two poems in prosody, l...Through the introduction of the American poem "I Hear America Singing" and its writer Walt Whitman, the Chinese poem " 春望 "and its writer:杜甫, and the comparison of these two poems in prosody, language, contents and emotion, writing techniques, political views field, etc, this essay analyses further some poetic phenomenon, and also draws a vivid picture of America in 19 century and China in 8 century.展开更多
Forster attaches much importance to the relationship among people in his works.In A Passage to India,the topic of conflict and unity is discussed in depth,including man and man&man and nature.The passage will repr...Forster attaches much importance to the relationship among people in his works.In A Passage to India,the topic of conflict and unity is discussed in depth,including man and man&man and nature.The passage will represent conflict and unity by introduction to the writer and analysis to his work.展开更多
After reading the novel the scarlet letter,I get an idea that the characters of hero and heroine in the novel give the readers a deep impression,showing different attitudes when facing difficulties.Besides,the develop...After reading the novel the scarlet letter,I get an idea that the characters of hero and heroine in the novel give the readers a deep impression,showing different attitudes when facing difficulties.Besides,the development of the characters of the hero and heroine in the novel lead readers to know more about it and get great enlightenment from it.展开更多
Ⅰ) Introduction——more than just a ’Fairy tale’ Besides being prominent in the academic world for his critical and other scholarly works, C, S. Lewis (1805—1965),British writer and professor of medieval and Rena...Ⅰ) Introduction——more than just a ’Fairy tale’ Besides being prominent in the academic world for his critical and other scholarly works, C, S. Lewis (1805—1965),British writer and professor of medieval and Renaissance Literature at Cambridge University, is widely accesible to the public through his novels and numerous writings on the place of Christianity in the modern world. Among the best known of his creative works are the seven ’Chronicles of Narnia’.展开更多
In his most personal book La Chambre Claire.Note sur la Photographie,Roland Barthes proposed a hypothesis,claiming that the genius of photography is concealed in special,one-time,and absolutely idiomatic existence,in ...In his most personal book La Chambre Claire.Note sur la Photographie,Roland Barthes proposed a hypothesis,claiming that the genius of photography is concealed in special,one-time,and absolutely idiomatic existence,in a language expressible only with the help of the word:contingence,which means both contiguity and randomness.The evocation of Barthes and meditation on La Chambre Claire are supposed to create a mood for a more inquisitive and sensitive approach to the latest book by Michel Houellebecq:The Map and the Territory.The author was concerned not only with the fact that all the tropes concerning photography and set into motion by Barthes and partly by Benjamin return in Houellebecq’s book.He is also not interested that Barthes or Benjamin provides methodological devises that make it possible to conduct a more scrupulous“interpretation”of The Map and the Territory.Actually,a confrontation of the confessions made by Barthes and the novel by Houellebecq allows me to rethink the category of evidence and the process of providing evidence by the art of photography.It permits to ask the question:What is registration?What is evidence?And what is the function fulfilled today by registration and photographic modelling in“evidence”about the outer surface(if not the nature)of the world,and in particular the world of objects deprived of speech?展开更多
This article analyzes the writing of the Portuguese writer Eca de Queiros representing the US of America and the Americans in the nineteenth century. He witnessed the intense material progress of the young American na...This article analyzes the writing of the Portuguese writer Eca de Queiros representing the US of America and the Americans in the nineteenth century. He witnessed the intense material progress of the young American nation, but also the misery and the intense class and racial struggle that shook it. The observation derives from his comprehension of the US of America as a nation made through the conquest of a vital territory, of successive frontiers. The second concerns the extraordinary perception of America as a multicultural nation, made up from an intense migratory movement from all over the world.展开更多
Afro- American Women were once a social minority and the weaker gender in American society. Through the endeavor of a group of Afro- American women writers,they have achieved a great success for the cultural identity ...Afro- American Women were once a social minority and the weaker gender in American society. Through the endeavor of a group of Afro- American women writers,they have achieved a great success for the cultural identity by concluding their own social experience into works in recent decades. This paper reviews the cultural identity built by Afro- American black women writers and introduces its historical reasons,works,and historical significance. By doing this,we stand to gain insights into the American women writers and find their great contributions to their cultural identity in American culture.展开更多
MAO Zedong,a leadingstatesman and ideologistof the twentieth century,rarely went abroad when overseeingaffairs of state in China.He had,nevertheless,a broad knowledge ofmany foreign ideas and civilizations,and saw the...MAO Zedong,a leadingstatesman and ideologistof the twentieth century,rarely went abroad when overseeingaffairs of state in China.He had,nevertheless,a broad knowledge ofmany foreign ideas and civilizations,and saw the wisdom in the ex-change of ideas between China andother countries.He personally in-volved himself in many of theseprojects to further the world’sknowledge of China,her relation-ships with the outside world,mod-展开更多
The proliferation of travel literature brought the wider world to the doors of English homes and generated an interest in exotic cultures, ancient civilizations, and foreign wares. The number of travellers and travel...The proliferation of travel literature brought the wider world to the doors of English homes and generated an interest in exotic cultures, ancient civilizations, and foreign wares. The number of travellers and traveller's tales greatly increased after the end of the Napoleonic Wars and one destination that was particulary alluring was the biblical land of ancient Egypt. This paper examines British travelers to Egypt and how their published works both revealed and constructed a particular view of Egypt during the 19th century. Travel and travel literature accompanied and even facilitated the developing disciplines of archaeology and Egyptology, increasing the knowledge of and interest in the world of the Ancient Near East. This corpus of writing, often with its accompanying illustrations, also served to create a fabricated illusion of the biblical world, fashioned from both ancient and contemporary Egypt.展开更多
I.To the writer Oscar Wilde(1854——1900),born Dublin,Ireland,had ever beeneducated for three years in classics at Trinity Gollege,Dubiln,wherehe began to attract public attention through the eccentricity of hiswritin...I.To the writer Oscar Wilde(1854——1900),born Dublin,Ireland,had ever beeneducated for three years in classics at Trinity Gollege,Dubiln,wherehe began to attract public attention through the eccentricity of hiswriting and his life style. He entered Magdalen College,Oxford in 1874.There he attendedRuskin’s lectures and,while differing radically on the question of thefunction of art in society,he caught from the master a sympathywith the poor and the outcast.But a stronger influece was from that展开更多
(…continued)(the warder)who keeps shut up in prison and despair as he followeverywhere,thus making it impossidle to escape. For they starve the little frightened child Till it weeps bothnight and day: And they scourg...(…continued)(the warder)who keeps shut up in prison and despair as he followeverywhere,thus making it impossidle to escape. For they starve the little frightened child Till it weeps bothnight and day: And they scourge the weak,and flog the fool, And gibe the old and grey, And some grow mad,and all grow bad, And none a word may say.展开更多
基金the phased achievement of the national social science fund-Study of Classic Marxist Writers'Explications on Nationalism and Its Contemporary Significance(No:10CMZ002)the national social science fund-Important Literature's Collation and Study of Major CPC Leader'Explications on Nationalism Each Period(No.:13CMZ002)China postdoctoral science foundation-Study of Classic Marxist Writers'Nation-state Theory and Practice(No.:2014M550120)
文摘Both Marxism and nationalism are among the most far-reaching thoughts in modern times.On dealing the ideological collision between Marxism and nationalism, "Difficult Dialogue" universally exists in the academic circle.Many scholars evaded,ridiculed or even negated classic Marxist writers' explications on nationalism.Though basically,classic Marxist writers criticize nationalism,it doesn' t mean that Marxism and nationalism inevitably oppose to each other.It is highly necessary to analyze the causes of the "difficult dialogue between Marxism and nationalism" and re-thinking classic Marxist writers' explications on nationalism.
文摘Wil1iam Bradford’s of Playmouth PlantationIt has been nearly five hundred years sinca America was discovered. But American litera-ture did not began to develop until the colonial period when the English began to settle on thenorth Amerincan continent in the early part of the seventeenth century. Colonial
文摘The purpose of this essay was to explore the importance of professional training for test writers and teachers as well.Since both testing and teaching are so closely interrelated that it's impossible to work in either field without being constantly concerned with the other. Test writers need professional training to keep pace with emergence of new views of language teaching practice and the rapid change of social life, in order to make testing more authentic and more valid.
文摘This paper aims to talk about the superficial reflections on language testing from the perspective of professional training for test writers,to qualify test writers with basic testing theories,to make the test valid and reliable,to help improve educational reform and language teaching,to fully conform to the standards set by syllabus.
文摘Assessment in the classroom,whether informal,formative,or summative,has been the major source of identifying students’ strengths and weaknesses in learning a foreign language. The article tries to rationalize the current test writers training programs by elaborating on the importance of testing and assessing from the perspectives of the criteria of qualified testing system and the qualifications of test writers which reversely turns to be the challenges imposed on the language test writers.
文摘Revision is a complex,yet important phase in writing to improve the quality of a text.Some revision models are created to explain its components and the ways these components work.However,analysis of available models shows that they are proposed mainly for expert writers,who can complete the complex revision process individually,without the need of support or feedback.Most of the available revision models also do not include audience as a component.Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to introduce an alternative revision model for novice writers at or higher than highschool level with a focus on audience and feedback.First,the definition of revision is made,which is followed by summaries of the importance of audience and feedback in writing.Second,available revision models in literature that serves as the basis of the alternative model are reviewed.Finally,the alternative revision model is introduced with its components and the way these components work is explained.The revision model presented in this paper will contribute to literature on writing by filling the gap in revision models by proposing a model for novice writers and highlighting the importance of audience and feedback.
文摘This paper dwells on Theodore Dreiser’ experiences and those of the three main characters in his novel “Sister Carrie”.In doing so, the writer intends to bring up some similarities between the novelist and the three characters and consequently go deeper into the social significance of the novel and the characters.
文摘Through the introduction of the American poem "I Hear America Singing" and its writer Walt Whitman, the Chinese poem " 春望 "and its writer:杜甫, and the comparison of these two poems in prosody, language, contents and emotion, writing techniques, political views field, etc, this essay analyses further some poetic phenomenon, and also draws a vivid picture of America in 19 century and China in 8 century.
文摘Forster attaches much importance to the relationship among people in his works.In A Passage to India,the topic of conflict and unity is discussed in depth,including man and man&man and nature.The passage will represent conflict and unity by introduction to the writer and analysis to his work.
文摘After reading the novel the scarlet letter,I get an idea that the characters of hero and heroine in the novel give the readers a deep impression,showing different attitudes when facing difficulties.Besides,the development of the characters of the hero and heroine in the novel lead readers to know more about it and get great enlightenment from it.
文摘Ⅰ) Introduction——more than just a ’Fairy tale’ Besides being prominent in the academic world for his critical and other scholarly works, C, S. Lewis (1805—1965),British writer and professor of medieval and Renaissance Literature at Cambridge University, is widely accesible to the public through his novels and numerous writings on the place of Christianity in the modern world. Among the best known of his creative works are the seven ’Chronicles of Narnia’.
文摘In his most personal book La Chambre Claire.Note sur la Photographie,Roland Barthes proposed a hypothesis,claiming that the genius of photography is concealed in special,one-time,and absolutely idiomatic existence,in a language expressible only with the help of the word:contingence,which means both contiguity and randomness.The evocation of Barthes and meditation on La Chambre Claire are supposed to create a mood for a more inquisitive and sensitive approach to the latest book by Michel Houellebecq:The Map and the Territory.The author was concerned not only with the fact that all the tropes concerning photography and set into motion by Barthes and partly by Benjamin return in Houellebecq’s book.He is also not interested that Barthes or Benjamin provides methodological devises that make it possible to conduct a more scrupulous“interpretation”of The Map and the Territory.Actually,a confrontation of the confessions made by Barthes and the novel by Houellebecq allows me to rethink the category of evidence and the process of providing evidence by the art of photography.It permits to ask the question:What is registration?What is evidence?And what is the function fulfilled today by registration and photographic modelling in“evidence”about the outer surface(if not the nature)of the world,and in particular the world of objects deprived of speech?
文摘This article analyzes the writing of the Portuguese writer Eca de Queiros representing the US of America and the Americans in the nineteenth century. He witnessed the intense material progress of the young American nation, but also the misery and the intense class and racial struggle that shook it. The observation derives from his comprehension of the US of America as a nation made through the conquest of a vital territory, of successive frontiers. The second concerns the extraordinary perception of America as a multicultural nation, made up from an intense migratory movement from all over the world.
文摘Afro- American Women were once a social minority and the weaker gender in American society. Through the endeavor of a group of Afro- American women writers,they have achieved a great success for the cultural identity by concluding their own social experience into works in recent decades. This paper reviews the cultural identity built by Afro- American black women writers and introduces its historical reasons,works,and historical significance. By doing this,we stand to gain insights into the American women writers and find their great contributions to their cultural identity in American culture.
文摘MAO Zedong,a leadingstatesman and ideologistof the twentieth century,rarely went abroad when overseeingaffairs of state in China.He had,nevertheless,a broad knowledge ofmany foreign ideas and civilizations,and saw the wisdom in the ex-change of ideas between China andother countries.He personally in-volved himself in many of theseprojects to further the world’sknowledge of China,her relation-ships with the outside world,mod-
文摘The proliferation of travel literature brought the wider world to the doors of English homes and generated an interest in exotic cultures, ancient civilizations, and foreign wares. The number of travellers and traveller's tales greatly increased after the end of the Napoleonic Wars and one destination that was particulary alluring was the biblical land of ancient Egypt. This paper examines British travelers to Egypt and how their published works both revealed and constructed a particular view of Egypt during the 19th century. Travel and travel literature accompanied and even facilitated the developing disciplines of archaeology and Egyptology, increasing the knowledge of and interest in the world of the Ancient Near East. This corpus of writing, often with its accompanying illustrations, also served to create a fabricated illusion of the biblical world, fashioned from both ancient and contemporary Egypt.
文摘I.To the writer Oscar Wilde(1854——1900),born Dublin,Ireland,had ever beeneducated for three years in classics at Trinity Gollege,Dubiln,wherehe began to attract public attention through the eccentricity of hiswriting and his life style. He entered Magdalen College,Oxford in 1874.There he attendedRuskin’s lectures and,while differing radically on the question of thefunction of art in society,he caught from the master a sympathywith the poor and the outcast.But a stronger influece was from that
文摘(…continued)(the warder)who keeps shut up in prison and despair as he followeverywhere,thus making it impossidle to escape. For they starve the little frightened child Till it weeps bothnight and day: And they scourge the weak,and flog the fool, And gibe the old and grey, And some grow mad,and all grow bad, And none a word may say.