An Observational Study of the 30-50 Day Atmospheric Oscillations Part I: Structure and Propagation

Features of structure and propagation of the 30 to SO day atmospheric oscillations are investigated using the ECMWF analysis of 1980-1983. Evidence is provided to confirm the characteristics of the oscillation in the equatorial region. Those in the mid-high latitudes, however, are revealed to be very different from the tropics and pose a strong barotropic structure. Horizontal coherence shows teleconnection patterns which can be identified as EAP and PNA. The wind field of the specified time scale of the oscillation appears as long-lived vortices and vortex pairs. Mid-latitude perturbations propagate clearly westwards, especially during the winter season. In the high latitudes, they propagate westwards in the winter but eastwards in the summer. Meridional propagations are rather different from region to region.

A Further Inquiry on the Mechanism of 30-60 Day Oscillation in the Tropical Atmosphere

In a simple semi-geostropic model on the equatorial β-plane, the theoretical analysis on the 30-60 day oscillation in the tropical atmosphere is further discussed based on the wave-CISK mechanism. The convection heating can excite the CISK-Kelvm wave and CISK-Rossby wave in the tropical atmosphere and they are all the low-frequency modes which drive the activities of 30-60 day oscillation in the tropics. The most favorable conditions to excite the CISK-Kelvin wave and CISK-Rossby wave are indicated: There is convection heating but not very strong in the atmosphere and there is weaker disturbance in the lower troposphere.The influences of vertical shearing of basic flow in the troposphere on the 30-60 day oscillation in the tropics are also discussed.

An Observational Study of the 30-50 Day Atmospheric Oscillations Part II: Temporal Evolution and Hemispheric Interaction across the Equator

In this part, the temporal evolution and interaction across the equator of 30-50 day oscillation in the atmosphere are investigated further. The annual variation of 30-50 day oscillation is quite obvious in the mid-high latitudes. In the tropical atmosphere, the obvious interannual variation is an important property for temporal evolution of 30-50 day oscillation. The low-frequency wavetrain across the equator over the central Pacific and central Atlantic area, the movement of the long-lived low-frequency system across the equator and the meridional wind component across the equator will obviously show the interaction of 30-50 day oscillation in the atmosphere across the equator.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE 30 TO 60 DAY OSCILLATION OF ATMOSPHERIC HEAT SOURCE AND THE DROUGHT AND FLOOD EVENTS IN JUNE IN THE SOUTH OF CHINA

Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and the observed precipitation data in the south of China from 1958 to 2000,the impact of 30 to 60 day oscillation of atmospheric heat sources on the drought and flood events in June in the south of China is discussed.During the flood(drought) events,there exists an anomalous low-frequency anticyclone(cyclone) at the low level of the troposphere over the South China Sea and the northwestern Pacific,accompanied with anomalous low-frequency heat sinks(heat sources),while there exists an anomalous low-frequency cyclone(anticyclone) with anomalous heat sources(sinks) over the area from the south of China to the south of Japan.On average,the phase evolution of the low-frequency in drought events is 7 to 11 days ahead of that in flood events in May to June in the south of China.In flood events,low-frequency heat sources and cyclones are propagated northward from the southern South China Sea,northwestward from the warm pool of the western Pacific and westward from the northwestern Pacific around 140°E,which have very important impact on the abundant rainfall in June in the south of China.However,in drought events,the northward propagations of the low-frequency heat sources and cyclones from the South China Sea and its vicinity are rather late compared with those in flood events,and there is no obvious westward propagation of the heat sources from the northwestern Pacific.The timing of the low-frequency heat source propagation has remarkable impact on the June rainfall in the south of China.

Research on 30 days Feeding Test of Rats with Irradiated Pet Food

[ Object] The research is aimed to provide scientific basis for irradiated pet food＇s standardized production, supervision and commercial- ized application. E Method] Take broiler breast meat with high-dose irradiation as testing material, then evaluate its safety after 30 days feeding test of rats [ Result] Compared with control group （Pet food＇s irradiation dose is 0 kGy）, the general situation, weight, food-intake, food utilization rate, hematological examinations, bio-chemical analysis of blood, viscera weight, ratio of viscera and body weight, histopathological examinations, physi- ological feature, life＇s basic characteristics （including height, tail length, body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure ） and other indexes of rats, which were fed respectively with 10, 15, 25 kGy irradiation dose pet food for 30 days, were not found abnormal. [ Conclusion] Pet food with 10, 15, 25kGy irradiation dose is safe.

CISK-rossby wave and the 30-60 Day Oscillation in the Tropics

The 30-60 day oscillation is an important aspect of the atmospheric variance in the tropical area. A number of works have been done on this phenomenon, this article is a further one. A quasi-geostrophic linear model that consists of a two-layer free atmosphere and a well-mixed boundary layer is used to investigate the instability of intraseasonal oscillation, its propagation and vertical structures. Results show that the dynamical coupling and interaction between the barotropic and baroclinic components via boundary layer convergence / divergence are responsible for the appearance of a new kind of low-frequency wave. Such wave is very different from the traditional tropical Rossby wave. It can propagate westward and eastward. Some behaviours of it appear to resemble the observed 30-60 day oscillation mode in many aspects, such,as vertical structures, zonal and meridional propagations. Now many researchers emphasize the direct relationship between CISK-Kelvin mode and the tropical atmospheric 30-60 oscillation. It is considered that CISK-Rossby mode should not be neglected.

The Characteristics of 30-60 Day Oscillation and Its Relations to the Interannual Oscillations

The characteristics of 30-60 day oscillation (hereafter called LFO ) of the outgoing longwave radiation data (OLR) and its relations to the interannual oscillations of the sea surface temperature (SST) are investigated by using the daily OLR data for the period from January, 1979 to December, 1987 and the corresponding monthly SST data. It is found that the LFO the band the interannual oscillations of the SST monthly anomaly (SSTA) interact each other and they all relate to the occurrence and development of El Nino events closely. Before El Nino event happens, it contributes to the SST's wanning up and to the SST's quasi-biennial oscillation (called QBO for brevity) and three and half years oscillation (called SO for short) being in warm water phase in the equatorial central and eastern Pacific (ECP and EEP) that the LFO in the equatorial western Pacific (EWP) enhances and propagates eastward; When El Nino event takes place, the LFO, SSTA and SSTA's QBO and SO in the EEP interact and strengthen each other; But the warmer SST and the SSTA's QBO and SO in the warm water phase in the EEP contribute to the LFO's weakening in the equatorial Pacific. Moreover, these contribute to the SST in the EEP becoming cold and the SSTA's QBO and SO in the EWP being in cold water phase and then impel the El Nino event to end.

某院711例住院时间超30天患者原因分析

目的分析某院711例住院时间超30天患者的原因并提出对策,提高医疗资源使用效率。方法采集某三甲医院2013年1月-6月住院时间超过30天的患者信息,并对其超长原因及构成比进行分析。结果疾病自身原因是住院时间超30天的主要原因,其次是并发症、慢病、社会因素、发现新的疾病、医疗纠纷、工伤事故等。结论加强双向转诊和分级诊疗、加强围手术期管理、严格控制医院感染、加强卧床病人的护理等是减少住院时间超30天患者的重要途径。

PDCA程序在医院肝胆外科住院超过30天患者管理中的应用

目的:探讨医院肝胆外科住院超过30天的患者的发生原因及预防对策。方法:运用FOCUS-PDCA程序分析肝胆外科住院超过30天的患者诊疗工作程序中的各个环节,找出导致住院时间延长的原因。运用成立管理小组,将住院超过30天的患者作为大查房重点,重视高龄患者术前准备,加强手术医生技术水平,加强围手术期感染管理和对患者及家属进行医疗保险知识普及等措施,使住院超过30天患者减少,科室平均住院日降低,运行效率提高。结果:实行FOCUS-PDCA程序后,住院超30天患者比率由2.15%下降到0.49%,医疗资源得到合理使用(χ2=10.1,P<0.01)。结论:FOCUS-PDCA程序的应用可有效地减少住院超30 d患者。

某院766例住院超30天患者原因分析

目的分析住院患者超30天住院的原因,寻求合理且有效的卫生资源利用对策。方法利用EXCEL对超30天住院患者原因及构成比进行分析。结果病种原因导致超长住院的占比最高,其次为恢复期患者、转科做进一步治疗患者、术后并发症患者、诊断不明确患者等。

Analysis of stable components for extended-range (10-30 days) weather forecast:A case study of continuous overcast-rainy process in early 2009 over the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River

A continuous overcast-rainy weather(CORW) process occurred over the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River(MLRYR) in China from February 14 to March 9 in 2009,with a large stretch and long duration that was rarely seen in historical records.Using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF),we analyzed the geopotential height anomaly field of the NCEP-DOE Reanalysis II in the same period,and defined the stable components of extended-range(10-30 days) weather forecast(ERWF).Furthermore,we defined anomalous and climatic stable components based on the variation characteristics of the variance contribution ratio of EOF components.The climatic stable components were able to explain the impact of climatically averaged information on the ERWF,and the anomalous stable components revealed the abnormal characteristics of the continuous overcast-rainy days.Our results show that the stable components,especially the anomalous stable components,can maintain the stability for a longer time(more than 10 days) and manifest as monthly scale low-frequency variation and ultra-long-wave activities.They also behave as ultra-long waves of planetary scale with a stable and vertically coherent structure,reflect the variation of general circulation in mid-high latitudes,display the cycle of the zonal circulation and the movement and adjustment of the ultra-long waves,and are closely linked to the surface CORW process.

Systematic review of evidence for different treatment settings in anorexia nervosa

AIM: To compare outcomes in anorexia nervosa(AN) in different treatment settings: inpatient, partial hospitalization and outpatient. METHODS: Completed and published in the English language, randomized controlled trials comparing treatment in two or more settings or comparing different lengths of inpatient stay, were identified by database searches using terms "anorexia nervosa" and "treatment" dated to July 2014. Trials were assessed for risk of bias and quality according to the Cochrane handbook by two authors(Madden S and Hay P) Data were extracted on trial quality, participant features and setting, main outcomes and attrition. RESULTS: Five studies were identified, two comparing inpatient treatment to outpatient treatment, one study comparing different lengths of inpatient treatment, one comparing inpatient treatment to day patient treatment and one comparing day patient treatment with outpatient treatment. There was no difference in treatment outcomes between the different treatment settings and different lengths of inpatient treatment. Both outpatient treatment and day patient treatment were significantly cheaper than inpatient treatment. Brief inpatient treatment followed by evidence based outpatient care was also cheaper than prolonged inpatient care for weight normalization also followed by evidence based outpatient care. CONCLUSION: There is preliminary support for AN treatment in less restrictive settings but more research is needed to identify the optimum treatment setting for anorexia nervosa.

STUDY ON DYNAMICS OF TROPICAL CISK-ROSSBY WAVES AND MECHANISM OF 30-50 DAY OSCILLATIONS

To add to the growing mature research on the tropical 30-50 day oscillations from a new prospective, the current work bases on dynamic analysis of baroclinic quasi-geostrophic models to discuss dynamic mechanisms for the generation and propagation of CISK-Rossby waves, and to understand restraints and effects of different wave structures and thermodynamic forcing on the 30-50 day oscillations in the tropical atmosphere. Some important properties of the oscillation propagation have been explained and, in detail, with respect to its meridional propagation and vertical "baroclinic" structure. The work has come up with some new opinions and viewpoints. New opinions about the propagation and energy dispersion are to be proved by more observations and study.

Effect of Non-Routine Perioperative Laboratory Values on 30 Day Mortality after Non-Cardiac Surgery

Background: It is known that certain laboratory value abnormalities may increase mortality in patient populations with specific risk factors and specific procedures. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of drawing a non-routine lab (regardless of its result) on 30 day mortality and to investigate the effect of an abnormal non-routine laboratory value on 30 day mortality. Methods: The electronic medical records of adult patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery from 2011-2014 at LAC + USC Medical Center were reviewed retrospectively as approved by our institutional review board. Demographic data, surgical risk assessment, and routine and non-routine laboratory values (TSH, Troponin, Creatine Kinase, Hb A1c) were recorded;patients were grouped according to the single non-routine lab they had drawn. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine significant risk factors associated with increased 30 day mortality. Results: 11,306 patients met our inclusion criteria. Drawing a non-routine lab was associated with a statistically significant increase in mortality in the Troponin group (OR = 3.05, P < 0.001) but not in the TSH, Creatine Kinase, or Hb A1c groups. An abnormal non-routine lab value was associated with a statistically significantly increase in mortality in the TSH group (OR = 11.07, P = 0.008) but not in the other three groups. Conclusions: Drawing a non-routine lab was associated with a statistically significant increase in mortality in the Troponin group but not in the TSH, Creatine Kinase, or Hb A1c groups. An abnormal TSH value was associated with a statistically significant increase in mortality but not an abnormal Troponin, Creatine Kinase, or Hb A1c. Routine and non-routine laboratory testing may guide perioperative patient care and result in improved post-surgical outcome.

住院病人护士观察量表的因子分析

目的 :提高住院病人护士观察量表 (NOSIE - 30 )在精神科临床的实用性。方法 :对只有项目名称、项目评分等级的原量表制定项目定义和评分标准。培训后合格的研究者对 16 4例首发精神分裂症住院病人每两周进行一次NOSIE评定 ,共评估 994人次。将 994份资料随机分A、B两组 ,按照A组资料进行主成分等分析的结果修订原量表 ,然后用B组资料进行验证并与原量表比较。结果 :A组资料因子分析发现每个因子的结构与原量表的 7个分量表不尽相同。根据不同情况进行项目调整。最后保留 30项中的 2 6项。形成 5个分量表。在B组资料比较原量表与修订量表时 ,5个分量表的特征均优于 7个分量表。结论 :本研究结果表明原NOSIE - 30R 7个分量表并不能反映病人的独立症状群 ,为了提高该工具的实用性 ,应该重新修订其分量表。

基于医疗数据挖掘的患者住院天数预测研究

目的探索数据挖掘技术在预测住院天数上的应用,为医院管理提供辅助数据支持。方法采集某三级甲等医院2015―2016年病案首页数据,通过单因素分析结合专家建议筛选特征属性,使用支持向量机对住院天数进行分类预测实验。结果筛选出10个属性作为实验特征属性,住院天数分为极短期(1天),短中期(2至14天),中长期(15至28天),长期(28天以上)。在四分类预测中,极短期,短中期及长期住院患者预测效果较好;二分类预测中,短中期与长期住院患者预测效果较好。结论预测结果可以为医院前置综合管理提供决策支持,如病区医疗资源分配、床位周转、异常住院天数人群干预等。

THE 30—60 DAY OSCILLATIONS IN THE GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE EXCITED BY WARMING IN THE EQUATORIAL EASTERN PACIFIC

30-60 day oscillations (also called intraseasonal oscillations )have been indicated in the early 1970s. A series of studies in the 1980s not only investigated the 30-60 day oscillations in the tropical atmosphere and revealed their structure characteristics and fundamental moving regularity, but also exposed the existence of these oscillations in

A STUDY ON RESPONSE OF PRECIPITATION IN CHINA TO MONSOON INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION

Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the 30-60 day oscillation (intraseasonal oscillation, ISO) of summer rainfall in China and the effects of East Asian monsoon on the rainfall ISO are analyzed in this paper. Results show that the annual and decadal variations of the oscillation exist between 1960 and 2008, and the intensity is weakest in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In the typical strong years of the rainfall ISO obtained from empirical orthogonal functions (EOF mode 1), an anticyclone is in northwestern Pacific and a cyclone is in the east of China. In the typical weak years, the wind ISO is much weaker. The low-frequency zonal wind and water vapor transport from the low latitudes to mid-latitudes in the typical strong years, and the oscillation strength of diabatic heating is much stronger than that in the weak years of the rainfall ISO. The anomaly characteristics of the rainfall ISO show anti-phases between the Yangtze River basin and south of China. As for the typical strong years of the rainfall ISO in the Yangtze River basin (EOF mode 2), the main oscillation center of water vapor is in the east of China (20-30°N, 110-130°E). In the peak (break) phase of the rainfall oscillation, a low-frequency cyclone (anticyclone) is in the Yangtze River basin and an anticyclone (cyclone) is near Taiwan Island. In addition, the peak rainfall corresponds to the heat source in the Yangtze River basin and the heat sink in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. As for the typical strong years of the rainfall ISO in the south of China, the main oscillation center of water vapor is south of 20°N. In the peak (break) phase of the rainfall ISO, a low-frequency cyclone (anticyclone) is in the south of China and an anticyclone (cyclone) is in the Philippines. The peak rainfall corresponds to the heat source in the south of China and the South China Sea, and the heat sink in the west of Indochina.

浅析母猪的非生产天数

生产母猪和超过适配年龄（一般设定在230日龄）的后备母猪,没有怀孕、没有哺乳的天数,被称作非生产天数（Non-productive Days,NPD）。控制好母猪非生产天数,可以增加母猪生产效益。但近年来很多生产者往往只追求母猪的配种分娩率,窝产仔数、产活仔数等相关指标,却忽略了母猪非生产天数这一重要指标。在此,笔者结合自己的工作经验,对母猪的非生产天数作一简要分析,希望引起广大读者重视。

ANALYSIS ON THE SOURCE AND SINK OF KINETIC ENERGY OF ATMOSPHERIC 30—60 DAY PERIOD OSCILLATION AND THE PROBABLE CAUSES

Based on ECMWF daily grid point data in summer (May—August),1981,the distribution features of the source and sink of kinetic energy of atmosphere 30—60 day oscillation,including its horizontal distribution characteristics and its vertical structure characteristics,are investigated systematically with diagnostic analysis methods over a latitude belt between 80°N and 60°S.Also,the probable reasons for the existence of the source and sink of low frequency kinetic energy (LFKE) are discussed preliminarily.Results show that the horizontal distribution of the sources and sinks of kinetic energy of atmospheric 30—60 day oscillation is extremely different.The significant sources and sinks of LFKE mainly exist in the oceans and the coastal regions of continents or islands in the mid-high latitudes.It is also found that,in the vertical direction,the sources and sinks of kinetic energy of 30—60 day oscillation display barotropic structure in the mid-high latitudes of both hemispheres,but dispaly baroclinic structure in the equtorial region,and in the horizontal direction, the sources and sinks mainly display zonal wave-like distribution.The source and sink of LFKE are determinded by ageostrophic wind effect,frictional effect,interaction between sub-grid-scale systems,nonlinear interaction,and the flux-divergence of LFKE transported by transient wind. There are some regional reasons for the generation of sources and sinks which are not completely identical in different areas.