Mother’s Nutritional Knowledge and Practice towards Children under Two Years of Age and Its Impact on Their Health in Abuzaid Albuluk Pediatric Specialized Hospital in 2023

Background: Nutritional knowledge and practise is an important measure to improve dietary habits and food choices. The daily food should contain balanced nutrition as needed to support optimal growth, avoid deficiency diseases and prevent the diseases which might interfere with the children health. Materials & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional non-interventional hospital-based study was carried out among 122 mothers and 122 children by using a non-probability convenience sampling technique in the period of 15 March to 15 April 2023, and using interviews with structural questionnaires, the data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: We found that most of the children had moderate health, while most of the mothers had moderate nutritional knowledge and practise towards their children, also we found that the relationship between mothers’ knowledge and practise and child health was significant (P Conclusion: Mothers’ knowledge and practise among children was moderate and children had moderate health. Wrong beliefs and cultural taboos play major roles in decreasing knowledge and practise.

Maternal Depression and Mother-to-Infant Bonding: The Association of Delivery Mode, General Health and Stress Markers

Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine associations among maternal stress level, general health, mother to infant bonding, maternal depression level, and mode of delivery. Methods: Mothers who delivered a single baby at term were recruited with a total 435 mothers participating in the study. Outcome measures: Data were collected 6 months after delivery using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as well as socio-demographic and medical information at 6 months. Additionally, salivary cortisol and chromogranin levels were determined. Results: The proportion of breast-feeding mothers in the vaginal delivery group (51.4%) was significantly higher than that of the cesarean section group (24%). GHQ-28 scores were significantly related to EPDS scores and MIBS scores (P Conclusion: Maternal general health is associated with maternal psychological health. These results suggest that the support of maternal health is important to maintain maternal psychological status and bonding to infants. Because EPDS scores were significantly worse in the planned cesarean section group (4.2 ± 3.3), careful management is needed of mothers who deliver by planned cesarean section.

Predictors of caring behaviors of mothers of premature infants based on the health belief model

Objective:To investigate predictors of caring behaviors of mothers of premature infants based on the health belief model.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted by using the structural equation modeling on 168 mothers of premature infants,who were selected by convenience sampling method from October 2017 to February 2018 in Iran.Data were collected by using a standard scale.Validity and reliability of all data collection tools were approved.Data were analyzed by using SPSS V.16 and Mplus6 software.Results:The structural equation modeling of the initial health belief model did not have a good fit,but the fitness of model 2 obtaining from the modified initial model was confirmed by changes in locations of constructs.None of constructs of model 2 had a significant positive association with the caring behavior of mothers of premature infants and only 2.8%of variance of caring behaviors in mothers could be predicted by the sum of variables of demographic characteristics and the modified health belief model constructs.Conclusions:Given that the findings do not approve the use of the health belief model in predicting determinants of caring behavior of mothers of premature infants,it is suggested to apply this model to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the health belief model on the caring behavior of mothers.

New Law Protects the Health of Mothers and Infants

CHINA celebrates International Children’s Day this year with the implementation of a law protecting the health of the country’s mothers and infants. The Law of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Mothers and Infants, passed on October 27, 1994, during the 10th Session of the 8th Standing Committee of National People’s Congress, was publicly issued on the No.33 Command of the President of the P.R.C. and will go into effect June 1, 1995. This first law specifically concerned with the protection of the health of women and children is expected to play an important role in the overall improvement of the health of the Chinese people, the quality of the population, the advancement of the society, and the overall happiness among families. The law stresses the promotion of maternal and child

Looking at maternal inequalities (socioeconomic class, age and human immunodeficiency virus status) to predict well-being of neonates during infancy

Background: Infant health inequalities responsible for high infant sicknesses and deaths in our setting could depend to a large extend on maternal inequalities like socioeconomic class (SEC), age and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Objective: To look at maternal inequalities (SEC, Age and HIV), to predict well-being of neonates during infancy. Methods: Subjects were selected using systematic random sampling. Maternal education, occupation, age and HIV status were obtained using a questionnaire;their SEC was derived using the Oyedeji’s model. Gestational age (GA) of the neonates was estimated from their mother’s last menstrual period, obstetric ultrasound scan reports or the Dubowitz criteria;and birthweight (BW) was determined using the basinet weighing scale, which has a sensitivity of 50 grams. Results: Ninety mother-neonatal pairs were enrolled, 47 (52.2%) neonates were males and 43 (47.8%) females. Most of the neonates were term 66 (73.3%) and of normal BW 75 (83.4%). A significant association existed between maternal variables and the likely hood of the subjects being less healthy during infancy (χ2 = 126.528, p < 0.005). Maternal age had a negative correlation coefficient with GA (r = -0.200) and BW (r = -0.115) and comparison of MA, GA and BW was significant (F = 2662.92, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The combine effects of maternal SEC, Age and HIV have predicted less healthy neonates during infancy. Neonates in the present work are more prone to sicknesses and ill-health during infancy.

格林模式健康教育对ICU早产儿母亲疾病不确定感的影响

目的:探究格林模式健康教育对ICU早产儿母亲疾病不确定感的影响。方法:选取2020年5月-2022年5月于本院接受住院治疗的ICU早产儿母亲96例作为研究对象,依据入院先后顺序编号,按照单双号将其分为对照组和干预组。对照组48例予以常规健康教育,干预组48例予以格林模式健康教育。比较两组母亲干预前后的心理状态、疾病不确定感、积极感受水平、照护能力,并评价ICU早产儿母亲对干预的满意度。结果:干预后,两组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分均降低,其中干预组各评分显著低于对照组(t=-4.515,-4.575;P<0.05);干预后两组疾病不确定感家属量表(MUIS-FM)各维度评分均较干预前明显降低,其中干预组信息缺乏性、不明确性、复杂性、不可预测性评分均显著低于对照组(t=-4.252,-4.484,-6.554,-5.781;P<0.05);干预后,两组照顾者积极感受量表(PAC)中自我肯定、生活展望评分均较干预前升高,其中干预组自我肯定、生活展望评分显著高于对照组(t=6.389,7.642;P<0.05);干预后,两组照护能力、照护技能评分均升高,其中干预组各评分显著高于对照组(t=12.170,14.644;P<0.05);干预组的干预满意度显著优于对照组(χ^(2)=7.207,P<0.05)。结论:对ICU早产儿母亲应用格林模式健康教育效果显著,不仅能有效改善ICU早产儿母亲的不良情绪,降低其疾病不确定感、提高其积极感受水平及照护能力,且干预满意度高,值得临床推广应用。

大健康背景下早产儿母亲照护能力现状及其影响因素分析

目的:调查分析大健康背景下早产儿出院后母亲照护能力现状及其影响因素,为提高其照护能力提供参考依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2021年12月—2022年3月在郴州市3所三级甲等医院门诊复诊的114名早产儿母亲为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、过渡期早产儿父母照护能力量表(Premature Infant Care Competence Scale for Competence for Parents in Transition,PICCS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)进行横断面调查,采用单因素分析、多元线性逐步回归分析其影响因素。结果:114名早产儿母亲照护能力得分为(82.48±7.75)分,得分偏低。母亲年龄、孕产史、家庭人均月收入、焦虑水平是其主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:早产儿母亲照护能力较低,应拓展社会支持力度,提高其照护能力,改善早产儿出院后生活质量,特别是对年龄在21~30岁、第一胎母亲、家庭收入水平低及焦虑程度高的早产儿母亲群体,应高度关注其对早产儿照护能力的需求。

网络健康社区中0~3岁婴幼儿母亲育儿需求和情感因素的调查——以“妈妈网”中“婴幼儿版块”为例

目的:女性一生中可以充当许多角色,其中成为一个母亲对于女性意味着人生中的重大转折,新手妈妈育儿往往更加具有挑战。针对0~3岁婴幼儿母亲在网络健康社区中育儿需求的主题特征及其情感因素进行了研究,主要集中在此阶段女性对健康信息主要需求和情绪变化特点,试图通过科学的数据分析为女性育儿提供重要参考。方法:选择最受欢迎的“妈妈网”论坛中的发帖数量,利用Python编程自动抓取数据分析输入关键词,通过主题分类进行情感分析。结论:LDA模型反映了女性的身份转换成新手妈妈时,大多数女性会在情绪上产生起伏,并且表达的情绪更为丰富。社交网络平台可以最大限度地保护用户的隐私,加深了对网络社区中用户知识发布和交流机制的相关理论探讨,做为新手妈妈的信息沟通、表达和获得的主要平台。

延续护理对糖尿病母亲新生儿出院后皮肤情况的效果

目的探讨延续护理对糖尿病母亲新生儿出院后皮肤情况的影响。方法选取2015年11月至2017年11月就诊于新生儿科的糖尿病母亲新生儿110例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组55例。2组新生儿出院时均对其母亲进行常规的出院指导。观察组出院后的第7天、14天、21天、28天由科室的健康教育护士电话指导糖尿病母亲对新生儿皮肤护理的工作,并于每日利用微信群平台与其分享新生儿的日常护理。比较2组新生儿出院后1个月皮肤情况、家属满意度、因皮肤问题就诊情况。结果观察组新生儿皮肤出现尿布疹、湿疹、脂溢性皮炎的发生率低于对照组(P <0. 05),观察组新生儿家属满意度高于对照组(P <0. 05),观察组新生儿因皮肤问题就诊率低于对照组(P <0. 05)。结论院外延续护理模式可减少糖尿病母亲新生儿出院后皮肤出现问题的发生率,提高新生儿家属的满意度,降低因皮肤问题的就诊率,减少家庭支出。

母乳喂养对母婴健康远期影响的研究进展

母乳喂养能对母婴的远期健康产生深远影响,不但可以降低儿童在婴儿期湿疹、皮炎、哮喘和婴儿猝死综合征等疾病的发生几率,还可以减少其在青少年甚至成人期发生肥胖、糖尿病、淋巴瘤和白血病的可能性,并有助于儿童未来的体格生长、认知能力、社会适应能力、行为、气质和注意力等的正常发育,减少注意缺陷多动障碍的发生。此外,母乳喂养也使乳母得到许多意想不到的健康益处,它减少了乳母罹患疾病的机会,使其在将来发生乳腺癌等躯体疾病以及抑郁等精神疾病的可能性也大大降低。

不同健康教育方式对农村儿童母亲喂养知识态度和行为的影响

【目的】比较不同健康教育方式的干预效果。【方法】类试验研究。选择经济和儿童保健服务水平相似的4个乡,分别用面对面讲解、发信、张贴画的方式对3个乡的所有婴儿母亲传播辅食添加知识。1个对照乡进行常规健康教育。干预10个月后对4个乡6-16个月婴儿的母亲（干预乡47、66、61名和对照乡69名）进行面对面问卷调查,比较干预效果。【结果】讲解乡（92.9%）比对照乡（75.8%）有较高比例的母亲知道过晚添加辅食对婴儿健康不利（P〈0.05）;张贴画乡（65.0%）比对照乡（43.5%）和讲解乡（43.5%）有较高比例的母亲知道正确的辅食添加时间（P〈0.05）。讲解乡的母亲（78.3%）比另3个乡的母亲适时添加辅食的比例高（P〈0.05或〈0.01）。讲解乡的母亲（48.9%）至少每周给婴儿吃1次鱼或肉的比例明显高于发信乡（26.2%）和张贴画乡（21.7%）（P〈0.01）。【结论】健康教育干预对改善婴幼儿母亲喂养知识态度与喂养行为起到了一定效果。面对面讲解的方式效果较好,三种健康教育方式有效结合是比较适合当地的健康教育方式。

应用护理敏感质量指标提高乙型肝炎母婴阻断健康教育效果的实践

目的探讨护理敏感质量指标在乙型肝炎母婴阻断健康教育中的应用。方法查阅文献并结合科室临床护理实践回顾性分析,应用德尔菲函询法建立乙型肝炎母婴阻断健康教育结构-过程-结果护理敏感质量指标共8项,将其应用于乙型肝炎孕产妇母婴阻断健康教育中,准确收集监测数据进行动态分析,针对分析结果持续质量改进。结果护理质量敏感指标应用后,护患比下降(P<0.05);过程指标和结果指标均得到改善(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论应用护理敏感质量指标可有效促进乙型肝炎孕产妇健康教育质量提升,进一步深化了责任制整体护理服务内涵。

3025例婴幼儿母亲受暴情况及对母婴身心健康影响分析

目的 了解天津市城区家庭暴力的发生率及对母婴身心健康的影响。方法 采用北京大学妇儿保健中心编制《妊娠妇女家庭暴力现状调查表》 ,对天津市 6个城区、 2个滨海区 6～ 18个月的婴幼儿母亲进行调查。结果 天津市城区孕产妇家庭暴力的发生率为 10 5 % ,其中单一型暴力占 79 1% ,复合型 ( 1种以上暴力类型 )占 2 0 9%。暴力家庭母亲的睡眠问题、不良情绪、躯体症状、生活自信积分均值与非暴力家庭间差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1) ,暴力家庭婴幼儿的睡眠问题、不良情绪、胆小依赖、攻击性积分均值与非暴力家庭间差别有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论 女方年龄 <2 5岁、文化程度、职业层次、社会地位较低的家庭中 ,家庭暴力的发生率较高 ,孕产期家庭暴力严重影响妇女。

贯彻实施“一法两纲” 提高妇女儿童健康水平

广州市卫生局自《母婴保健法》颁布以来 ,坚持以贯彻“一法两纲”为重点 ,围绕提高出生人口素质和降低孕产妇、 5岁以下儿童死亡率的中心工作 ,不断强化妇幼卫生制度化、规范化管理 ,严格资格认证 ,打击非法行医 ,推进妇幼保健机构达标和网络建设 ,努力提高妇幼保健服务能力和水平 。

二胎母亲孕产期心理健康及其影响因素调查研究

目的:调查二胎母亲孕产期心理健康状况,探讨其影响因素,并分析其对新生儿气质类型及神经行为的影响。方法:采用自制影响因素问卷、Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)、Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)对238例二胎孕妇在孕12周、24周、38周、产后第7天和产后第42天共5个时间节点纵向随访调查,采用小婴儿气质问卷、新生儿神经行为测定(NBNA)对新生儿进行调查。结果:①孕12周、24周、38周、产后第7天和产后第42天5个时间节点二胎母亲焦虑的检出率依次为11.34%、4.62%、11.76%、11.35%、7.14%,抑郁检出率依次为4.20%、1.26%、14.71%、13.03%、15.13%。②二胎母亲孕12周抑郁情绪对产后第7天抑郁的产生有影响(P<0.01);孕24周焦虑情绪对产后第42天焦虑的出现有影响(P<0.01)。③影响二胎母亲孕产期焦虑、抑郁的因素有头胎性别、家庭月收入、头胎健康状况、性别期待、担心喂养困难、饮食欠佳、担心养育孩子经济问题、对婆媳关系是否感到满意、是否担心头胎对二胎的态度、高危年龄等因素。④二胎母亲孕38周抑郁与小婴儿气质类型呈正相关(r=0.178),孕24周抑郁症状的发生与新生儿神经行为发育呈负相关(r=-0.282)。结论:①二胎母亲孕38周焦虑症状的检出率最高,抑郁症状的发生以产后第42天最高;②二胎母亲孕期3个阶段及产后2个阶段焦虑、抑郁症状发生的影响因素包括高龄、头胎健康状况、担心养育孩子经济问题、担心头胎对二胎的态度、对胎儿的性别期待等;③二胎母亲孕期抑郁症状对婴儿气质类型、新生儿神经行为发育有影响。

对多胞胎儿母亲进行新生儿保健知识宣教的效果观察

目的探讨对多胞胎儿母亲进行新生儿保健知识宣教的方法和效果。方法 对346名多胞胎儿母亲进行新生儿保健知识宣教,内容包括新生儿的生理和心理特点、新生儿疾病症状、新生儿意外损伤的初步急救、喂养和营养等方面的知识。结果教育后多胞胎儿母亲对新生儿保健知识掌握情况优于教育前,教育前后比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论对多胞胎儿母亲进行新生儿保健知识的宣教,可使其对新生儿的保健知识有了一个比较系统和科学的认识,从而提高了多胞胎儿的健康水平。

北京市某社区孕早期妇女母婴健康素养现况研究

目的了解孕早期妇女母婴健康素养水平,为提高孕妇健康素养水平提供参考。方法采用问卷开展定量调查,对2015年7-12月在北京市某社区卫生服务中心建档的504名孕早期妇女母婴健康素养调查资料进行统计分析。结果孕早期妇女母婴健康素养基本知识平均知晓率为45.36%;健康生活方式与行为知识平均知晓率为33.48%;基本技能平均掌握率为45.56%。年龄、文化程度、户籍、高危因素、产次为孕早期妇女母婴健康素养影响因素。结论孕早期妇女母婴健康素养总体水平偏低,健康生活方式与行为知识知晓率最低。要加强政府主导,突出健康教育内容的可读性、连续性,做好孕早期妇女母婴健康素养干预。

山西省产妇高龄化现状及趋势分析

目的了解山西省产妇高龄化现状及趋势。方法利用山西省以医院为基础的出生缺陷监测网所收集的资料，对2001-2010年42所监测医院的产妇及高龄（I〉35岁）产妇数进行分析。对城镇高龄产妇比率分别进行平滑指数模型（exponenti Mmodel）拟合分析，对乡村高龄产妇比率进行3次方模型（cubicmodel）拟合分析，了解高龄产妇比率的变化趋势，并预测2015年高龄产妇比率。结果42所医院高龄产妇为8．4％。，全省高龄产妇2001年比率为5．7％，2010年为9．6％，模型拟合分析得平滑指数模型为ln（Y）=In（5．529）＋（o．069×t），预测2015年山西省高龄产妇达到14．8％。城市高龄产妇比率2001年为5．0％（826／16435），2010年为10．3％（2591／25132），模型拟合分析得平滑指数模型为ln（Y）=In（4．760）＋（0．085×t），预测2015年山西省城市高龄产妇达17．0％。农村2001年高龄产妇比率为7．1％（573／8122），2010年为9．0％（3354／37401），模型拟合分析得3次方模型为Y=8．544-2．002t＋0．523t^2-0．032t^3，变化趋势不明显。结论山西省总体高龄产妇比率呈逐年增长趋势，城市尤其明显。

婚前医学检查中事实婚姻现状与分析

慈溪市 1993～ 2 0 0 0年婚前医学检查 12 2 34 6人 ,其中女性 6 1199人 ,事实婚姻 32 6 40人 ,占 5 3.33% ;已孕数 15 0 92人 ,占 2 4.6 6 %。因此 ,必须加强法制宣传 ,提前进行婚前教育 ,提高群众的自我保健意识 ,使婚前医学检查落到实处。

潍坊市住院婴幼儿母亲发热知识认知调查及健康教育需求评价

目的了解潍坊市住院婴幼儿母亲对发热知识的认知水平及健康教育需求情况。方法采用随机抽样的方法,抽取潍坊市1 673名住院发热婴幼儿母亲,用自行设计的调查问卷,对发热知识的认知水平及健康教育需求情况进行调查。结果住院婴幼儿母亲对发热相关知识普遍认识不足,答对率较低的问题为发热时的表现(46.3%)、发热多少度需要药物治疗(52.3%)、正确的降温方法(58.2%)。住院婴幼儿母亲对健康教育均有较高的需求,排在前3位的问题得分:退热药物的服用剂量(2.8±0.5)分,退热药物使用的注意事项(2.2±0.9)分,物理降温的方法(2.1±0.6)分。结论医务人员在关注小儿发热的同时,应加强对家长进行相关知识的宣教,使他们能用科学的方法协同医生治疗。