Utilization of Changyun Jujube, a Cultivar with Resistance to Witches Broom Disease

In 2021,the Shanting District Fruit Industry Service Center conducted an application test of a treatment for jujube witches broom disease using Changyun jujube.The results demonstrated that when diseased Changhong jujube plants were grafted with Changyun jujube in the spring using bark or cleft grafting,the majority of the new shoots of Changyun jujube exhibited no symptoms of witches broom disease,while a few exhibited symptoms of the disease.With the growth of new shoots,the symptoms of witches broom disease gradually abated,returning to normal growth and development.Similarly,the symptoms of witches broom disease on the rootstock below the grafting mouth also gradually abated,returning to normal.The Changyun jujube rootstock was utilized as the intermediate rootstock to grafting the jujube cultivars Qiyuexian and Fucuimi.The two cultivars were subsequently affixed with branch bark from the witches broom disease.The two cultivars did not exhibit any symptoms of witches broom disease,thus providing an opportunity to investigate potential treatments for this disease in jujube.Finally,the cultivation techniques of the Changyun jujube were presented.

外施GA_(3)对中秋酥脆枣内源激素及果实品质的影响

【目的】研究不同浓度外源GA_(3)对中秋酥脆枣内源激素及果实品质的影响,分析中秋酥脆枣发育期间内源激素的变化规律,探索提高中秋酥脆枣果实品质的最佳外源GA_(3)浓度,为中秋酥脆枣的可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】以衡阳市祁东县中秋酥脆枣为试验材料,于花蕾期分别对枣花喷施400、200、100 mg/L的外源GA_(3),以喷施清水为对照,在枣花和枣果的不同发育时期进行采样,分析不同浓度外源GA_(3)对中秋酥脆枣内源激素及果实品质的影响。【结果】在试验水平范围内,经外源GA_(3)处理后,内源GA_(3)、NAA、ABA含量的变化趋势相似,其快速增长期均出现在36 h后,至第2天即达到峰值,而对照组内源激素含量峰值在喷施5~10 d后出现,随后激素含量开始下将趋于平缓;且在枣花枣果发育的整个过程中,GA_(3)处理的内源激素含量整体高于对照组;外源GA_(3)处理对果形指数没有显著影响;400 mg/L的GA_(3)处理的果实纵横径、果实单质量最大,但其可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、可溶性固形物和维生素C含量最小;200 mg/L的GA_(3)处理的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和维生素含量最大,分别为24.91%、24.99 mg/g、5.10 mg/g,CK处理的可溶性固形物含量最大为19.6%。【结论】外源GA_(3)处理能显著提高中秋酥脆枣的内源GA_(3)、NAA、ABA含量,400 mg/L的GA_(3)处理可使果实增大但会使果实品质降低;200 mg/L的GA_(3)处理对果实形态特征无显著影响,但能显著提高果实品质,使用效果最佳。