A Space-Flight Ship Travelling by a Plasma Rocket Engine from the Earth Ground to the Moon

Since a thrust of an ion rocket engine is much weaker than the one of a chemical fuel engine, nowadays, ion engines are used mainly in spaces where gravities are very weak. Here, as a powerful plasma rocket to make a heavy ship get out from the gravity-sphere of the earth without relying on an atomic power rocket, an ion-velocity booster is investigated. It is a main challenge how to protect the engine wall from the melting due to collisions of ions which grow into high-energy particles.

The Kalahari Impacts Hypothesis for the Birth of the Moon： Did Morokweng Meteorite Impact （145 Ma） Break up the Gondwanaland and Ignite Volcanic Explosion to Form the Moon？

When gigantic meteorite impact sites in Southern Africa are plotted on the geological map of the region, they overlap with the SW-NE fault lines and it indicates that meteorite impacts have contributed to the geological structure of the region. The Morokweng Meteorite Impact of 145 Ma （Million years ago）, at the J/K （Jurassic/Cretaceous） boundary, seems to have broken up the Gondwanaland. It is plausible that, at the time of continental break-up, seawater poured into Morokweng crater and ignited a gigantic volcanic eruption which delivered low viscose magma into the outer space to form the Moon. An extremely flat surface of the Megakalahari extending 3,800,000 sq. km at 800-1,200 m above sea level in the central and southern Africa seems to be the terrestrial residue of fluid magma at the end of the volcanic event.

Possible Water and Ice on the Moon Revealed by Discovery of a Congeliturbated Fan

The nature of the Moon＇s surface has always been controversial. American scientists first suggested that there has been water and ice on the Moon （Watson et al., 1961）, a hypothesis supported by some but not other researchers （Compiling Committee, 2006; Ouyang, 2005; Wang, 2010）. So whether there has been or is any water on the Moon or not, is a matter of heated debate.

Digital Geological Mapping of Sinus Iridum Area of the Moon Based on the Chang'E-I Data

Based on the CCD images,IIM data and DEM data of China＇s lunar exploration project （Chang＇E-Ⅰ） and related processed and analytic results,an integrated study of regional geology of Sinus Iridum and its adjacent area was conducted,and a series of relevant researches and analyses were carried out,including analysis of impact craters and their extrusive and accumulative materials,division of stratigraphic and tectonic units and classification of rock types,integrated analysis of chronology and lunar evolution history.In consideration of crater＇s shape features,quantity and preserving status of filling materials,the lunar impact craters can be divided into 7 types and 11 subtypes,and the accumulative materials of craters are divided into 6 types and 9 accumulative groups.According to the content and distribution of TiO2 and image characteristics,the basalts are divided into high-TiO2,medium-TiO2 and low-TiO2 basalts.Discussion was made on division of tectonic units and evolution features in the study area.The geological map of the Sinus Iridum Quadrangle （LQ-4） at a scale of 1∶2.5 M was preliminarily compiled with the ArcGIS system,and the spatial database of the map was established.Related technical specification,procedure and method for lunar geological mapping have been worked out,so as to lay a foundation for the forthcoming geological mapping of the global Moon in China by using the data of Chang＇E-Ⅱ and also for comprehensive study and geological mapping of other celestial bodies in the future.

A Lunar LIGO for NASA’s Return to the Moon

The feasibility of a Lunar LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory) was introduced in 1986 as part of NASA’s planned return to the Moon by the end of the last century. That return to the Moon mission was cancelled, but is once again planned as Artemis in 2024. In this paper, the feasibility of such a Lunar LIGO as part of NASA’s return there will be discussed for that program. Details of the physics of the original Lunar LIGO proposal as a potential portion of future lunar base astronomy and astrophysics designs are presented. Results from NASA’s original planned return to the Moon to establish a gravitational wave observatory there are presented and discussed.

On Conflicts Between Values and Reality of Strickland in The Moon And Sixpence

William Somerset Maugham is one of the greatest English novelist and playwright at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.One of his most well-know work is his second novel The Moon And Sixpence.The paper mainly focuses on the analysis of conflicts the Strickland faced between spiritual pursuit and the realistic conditions.Through the analysis of conflicts of the leading characters,the following conclusions have been reached:In the journey to the moon,although Strickland abandoned the rich material life and his decent work,in the end,he still succeeded in realizing his ideal and endowed life with different colors.

Study on the Emotions Conveyed by the Moon Image in Classical Poetry

Image is an abnormal description of a word or phrase used to create artistic conception in classical poem writing.This paper focuses on the literal meaning of image and symbolic meaning of the moon by analyzing typical moon-chanting poems of Li Bai,to illustrate the role of image in ancient poetry writing.

The Cause and Prevention of Major Earthquakes in the World

On February 6, 2023, a series of severe earthquakes occurred in eastern Turkey and neighboring areas of Syria. It was the largest earthquake in the world in more than a year, and the largest earthquake in the history of Turkey. Living under the fear of earthquakes, the people in Turkey and other earthquake zones have hoped again and again to change their fate, but they have to resign themselves to fate. Thus, the author analyzed the causes of large earthquakes such as Turkey earthquake, and found that some of the world’s potential seismic zones have been eroded by sea water or river water for a long time to create a series of surface faults. When the moon gets close to these faults, it will have a huge gravitational pull on them, and even cause the fault to move, resulting in strong earthquakes. Especially in some seismic zones, earthquakes are occurring more and more frequently and their intensity is getting bigger and bigger. The main reason is that the opening of the Arctic shipping route and the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas have caused the melting of the Arctic ice sheet and the loss of glaciers, which has led to the weakening of the Arctic vortex and the reduction of the compression ability of the polar vortices to the clouds, thus slowing down the rotation of the Earth and thus the revolution of the moon. So the moon gradually moves in a spiral toward the Earth;as the moon orbit close to the Earth, the moon’s gravity on the surface faults will gradually strengthen, so it is easy to cause the surface fault dislocations, resulting in frequent earthquakes or strong earthquakes. So the author puts forward some measures to prevent frequent and strong earthquakes.

The Sun or the Moon?

1.Wang Xiaoer came out ofa bar,drunk.2.He raised his head andlooked up into the sky.3. There was a roundball shining.He won-dered:'What's that inthe sky?'

A lunar time scale from the perspective of the Moon’s dynamic evolution

A geologic time scale is a chronological system that separates the geological strata of a planetary body into different units in temporal sequence and shows its progressive evolution.The time scale of the Moon was established a half-century ago during the telescopic-early Apollo exploration era,using data with limited spatial coverage and resolution.The past decades have seen a wide array of studies,which have significantly extended our understanding of global lunar geologic evolution.Based on a comprehensive review of lunar evolution with respect to the dynamical changes,we propose two major updates to the current lunar time scale paradigm to include the evolution of both endogenic and exogenic dynamic forces now known to have influenced early lunar history.Firstly,based on the temporal interplay of exogenic and endogenic processes in altering the Moon,we defined three Eon/Eonothem-level units to represent three dynamical evolutionary phases.Secondly,the pre-Nectarian System is redefined and divided as the magma ocean-era Magma-oceanian System and the following Aitkenian System beginning with the South Pole-Aitken basin.The ejecta of this basin,Das Formation,was deposited on the primordial lunar crust as the oldest stratum produced from exogenic processes.The updated lunar time scale,facilitated by the post-Apollo exploration and research advances,provides an integrated framework to depict the evolution of the Moon and has important implications for the geologic study of other terrestrial planets.

Geological Characteristics and Model Ages of Marius Hills on the Moon

Marius Hills is a volcanic plateau on the nearside of the Moon. It is of great interest for its high concentration of volcanic features, including domes, cones, ridges, and rilles. However, the morphological and chronological characteristics of this plateau were not well studied due to the low resolution of early mission data. This study describes the detailed morphology of the volcanic features using the latest high spatial resolution images of the Terrain Camera （TC） onboard Selene-1 （10 m/pix） and Narrow Angle Camera （NAC） onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter （LRO） （0.5 m/pix）. We report here some new structures such as skylights and remnants of lava tubes. We have divided spectrally homogenous areas with Clementine UVVIS data and did crater size frequency distribution （CSFD） measurements with Lunar Orbiter （LO） IV and TC images in every spectral unit. We first report absolute model ages of 1.10 Ga for Marius basalt 1, 1.49 Ga for Fiamsteed basalt, and 1.46 Ga for Schiaparelli Basalt. In addition, we have identified several younger lava events： they are Marius basalt 2 （814 Ma）, medium to low titanium basalt （949 Ma）, and undifferentiated medium titanium basalt （687 Ma）. Finally, we propose a mantle plume scenario for the formation of Marius Hills, which could solve the inconsistency of previous models.

"Fourth World," "Third Nature," and the Poetic Imagination of Eastern Ecological Wisdom: An Analysis of The Last Quarter of the Moon by Chi zijian

tIn her novel The Last Quarter of the Moon,Chi Zijian,while narrating the history of the extinction of the Evenki people,constructs a"spiritual time"that contends with linear time and the"Third Nature"filled with the universal love of humanity,creating a"Fourth World"where humanity and nature come together in a spirituality that goes beyond life and death.This represents a profound ecological consideration and offers enlightenment for the psychological crisis of contemporary times.With poetic language,Chi expresses her estimation of the course of human civilization and the contemporary crisis of spiritual ecology,thereby constructing the ecological wisdom of the Oriental peoples with poetic aesthetics and imagination.

When the Moon Is Perfect

The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for all Chinese people to enjoy the Moon while making family reunion september 22 will be the Mid-Autumn Festival, a traditional Chinese festival celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth month eachyear according to the lunar calendar.

Geologic characteristics of the Chang'E-3 exploration region

We present topographic, geomorphologic and compositional characteristics of a l°×l° （-660 km2） region centered near the landing site of Chang＇E-3 using the highest spatial resolution data available. We analyze the topography and slope using Digi- tal Terrain Model （DTM） generated from Terrain Camera （TC） images. The exploration region is overall relatively flat and the elevation difference is less than 300 m, and the slopes of 80% area are less than 5~. Impact craters in the exploration region are classified into four types based on their degradation states. We investigate the wrinkle ridges visible in the exploration region in detail using TC and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter （LRO） Narrow Angle Camera （NAC） images. We calculate FeO and TiO2 abundances using Multispectral Imager （MI） data, and confirm two basaltic units： the northern part belongs to Imbrian low-Ti/very-low-Ti mare basalts, and the southern part is Eratosthenian low-Ti/high-Ti mare basalts. Finally, we produce a ge- ological map and propose the geologic evolution of the exploration region. We also suggest several rover traverses to explore interesting targets and maximize the potential scientific output.

Map of the Moon

China releases data about the Moon collected its first lunar probe China has finished the full map of the Moon based on data obtained by its lunar probe Chang ’e 1,said Ouyang Ziyuan,chief scientist of China’s lunar exploration program and an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),at a press conference about the scientific achievements made by Chang’e 1 on July 16,2010.

An Imaginary Taiwan From a Composer in China A Case Study of Taiwan Bangzi Opera

Taiwan Bangzi Opera is a branch of Henan Bangzi Opera in Henan, which was transmitted from China to Taiwan within the armies under a political and historical circumstance around 1947. As the trend of localisation in these ten years becomes obvious, several localised performances are created; however, the composers in China do not understand the music culture in Taiwan, so some interesting phenomenon can be found between an imaginary Taiwan from their viewpoints and the real culture in Taiwan. The Sorceress Bride is a performance which adapted so-called the aboriginal tune in 2012, and it arises several issues for further discussion.

Approaching the Moon

China’s second unmanned lunar probe,Chang’e-2,completed its second braking on October 8.The satellite needs to brake three times before entering the designed 118-minute orbit around the Moon.The first braking,shown by virtual animation on a screen in the Beijing Aerospace Control Center in this picture,succeeded on October 6.

The Moon in Close Up

Chinese scientists have designed lunar rovers, and plan to land one on the Moon in 201 3 Anifty gold-colored vehicle equipped with two solar panel wings