A strategy for strengthening chaotic mixing of dual shaft eccentric mixers by changing non-Newtonian fluids kinetic energy distribution

Efficiently modulating the velocity distribution and flow pattern of non-Newtonian fluids is a critical challenge in the context of dual shaft eccentric mixers for process intensification,posing a significant barrier for the existing technologies.Accordingly,this work reports a convenient strategy that changes the kinetic energy to controllably regulate the flow patterns from radial flow to axial flow.Results showed that the desired velocity distribution and flow patterns could be effectively obtained by varying the number and structure of baffles to change kinetic energy,and a more uniform velocity distribution,which could not be reached normally in standard baffle dual shaft mixers,was easily obtained.Furthermore,a comparative analysis of velocity and shear rate distributions is employed to elucidate the mechanism behind the generation of flow patterns in various dual-shaft eccentric mixers.Importantly,there is little difference in the power number of the laminar flow at the same Reynolds number,meaning that the baffle type has no effect on the power consumption,while the power number of both unbaffle and U-shaped baffle mixing systems decreases compared with the standard baffle mixing system in the transition flow.Finally,at the same rotational condition,the dimensionless mixing time of the U-shaped baffle mixing system is 15.3%and 7.9%shorter than that of the standard baffle and the unbaffle mixing system,respectively,which shows the advantage of the U-shaped baffle in stirring rate.

Evaluation of large language models for the classification of medical device software

Amidst the rapidly expanding integration of large language models(LLMs)across various sectors(ranging from everyday applications to specialized fields demanding stringent regulatory adherence),our investigation seeks to determine how well these models can support medical device software classification.Medical device classification functions to systematically categorize devices according to their designated use,associated risk levels,and requisite regulatory oversight,thereby providing a structured framework for ensuring safety and efficacy as mandated by regulatory authorities.

Stochastic programming based coordinated expansion planning of generation,transmission,demand side resources,and energy storage considering the DC transmission system

With the increasing penetration of wind and solar energies,the accompanying uncertainty that propagates in the system places higher requirements on the expansion planning of power systems.A source-grid-load-storage coordinated expansion planning model based on stochastic programming was proposed to suppress the impact of wind and solar energy fluctuations.Multiple types of system components,including demand response service entities,converter stations,DC transmission systems,cascade hydropower stations,and other traditional components,have been extensively modeled.Moreover,energy storage systems are considered to improve the accommodation level of renewable energy and alleviate the influence of intermittence.Demand-response service entities from the load side are used to reduce and move the demand during peak load periods.The uncertainties in wind,solar energy,and loads were simulated using stochastic programming.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified through numerical simulations.

Resilience assessment and optimization method of city road network in the post-earthquake emergency period

The post-earthquake emergency period,which is a sensitive time segment just after an event,mainly focuses on saving life and restoring social order.To improve the seismic resilience of city road networks,a resilience evaluation method used in the post-earthquake emergency period is proposed.The road seismic damage index of a city road network can consider the influence of roads,bridges and buildings along the roads,etc.on road capacity after an earthquake.A function index for a city road network is developed,which reflects the connectivity,redundancy,traffic demand and traffic function of the network.An optimization model for improving the road repair order in the post-earthquake emergency period is also developed according to the resilience evaluation,to enable decision support for city emergency management and achieve the best seismic resilience of the city road network.The optimization model is applied to a city road network and the results illustrate the feasibility of the resilience evaluation and optimization method for a city road network in the post-earthquake emergency period.

Assessment of rehabilitation strategies for lakes affected by anthropogenic and climatic changes: A case study of the Urmia Lake, Iran

Over the last three decades,more than half of the world's large lakes and wetlands have experienced significant shrinkage,primarily due to climate change and extensive water consumption for agriculture and other human needs.The desiccation of lakes leads to severe environmental,economic,and social repercussions.Urmia Lake,located in northwestern Iran and representing a vital natural ecosystem,has experienced a volume reduction of over 90.0%.Our research evaluated diverse water management strategies within the Urmia Lake basin and prospects of inter-basin water transfers.This study focused on strategies to safeguard the environmental water rights of the Urmia Lake by utilizing the modeling and simulating(MODSIM)model.The model simulated changes in the lake's water volume under various scenarios.These included diverting water from incoming rivers,cutting agricultural water use by 40.0%,releasing dam water in non-agricultural seasons,treated wastewater utilization,and inter-basin transfers.Analytical hierarchy process(AHP)was utilized to analyze the simulation results.Expert opinions with AHP analysis,acted as a multi-criteria decision-making tool to evaluate the simulation and determine the optimal water supply source priority for the Urmia Lake.Our findings underscore the critical importance of reducing agricultural water consumption as the foremost step in preserving the lake.Following this,inter-basin water transfers are suggested,with a detailed consideration of the inherent challenges and limitations faced by the source watersheds.It is imperative to conduct assessments on the impacts of these transfers on the downstream users and the potential environmental risks,advocating for a diplomatic and cooperative approach with adjacent country.This study also aims to forecast the volumes of water that can be transferred under different climatic conditions—drought,normal,and wet years—to inform strategic water management planning for the Urmia Lake.According to our projection,implementing the strategic scenarios outlined could significantly augment the lake's level and volume,potentially by 3.57×109–9.38×109 m3 over the coming 10 a and 3.57×109–10.70×109 m3 in the subsequent 15 a.

Multi-Time Scale Operation and Simulation Strategy of the Park Based on Model Predictive Control

Due to the impact of source-load prediction power errors and uncertainties,the actual operation of the park will have a wide range of fluctuations compared with the expected state,resulting in its inability to achieve the expected economy.This paper constructs an operating simulation model of the park power grid operation considering demand response and proposes a multi-time scale operating simulation method that combines day-ahead optimization and model predictive control(MPC).In the day-ahead stage,an operating simulation plan that comprehensively considers the user’s side comfort and operating costs is proposed with a long-term time scale of 15 min.In order to cope with power fluctuations of photovoltaic,wind turbine and conventional load,MPC is used to track and roll correct the day-ahead operating simulation plan in the intra-day stage to meet the actual operating operation status of the park.Finally,the validity and economy of the operating simulation strategy are verified through the analysis of arithmetic examples.

Renewal Needs and Solutions for Urban Old Communities under the Guidance of Resilient Security

The renewal strategy guided by resilient security aims to enhance the community’s resistance and resilience to natural disasters and other emergency situations,ensuring that the community can quickly restore normal functions in the face of shocks.By enhancing the resilience of the community,residents’sense of security and satisfaction can be improved,while promoting the long-term stability and prosperity of the city.Using methods such as literature review,case analysis,and demand investigation,this paper investigates the needs and strategies for the renewal of urban old communities,and explores the demand analysis and solutions for the renewal of urban old communities under the guidance of resilient security.This paper aims to address the lack of resilience in old communities caused by outdated construction,aging infrastructure,and insufficient public services,as well as how to improve the adaptability,resilience,and transformation ability of communities through renovation and transformation.

Research and Practice on the Construction of Professional Cluster in Application-Oriented Local Undergraduate Universities:Taking Environ-mental Chemical Engineering Professional Cluster in Pingdingshan University as an Example

Based on the analysis of the importance of professional cluster construction by ecological theory,with the change of social demand for talents,this paper explores the practice of environmental chemical professional cluster construction in Pingdingshan University,including gradually perfecting teaching conditions and reforming teaching mode,breaking through the limitations of resources,integrating the boundaries of colleges and departments,integrating multiple resources,innovating systems and mechanisms,reconstructing professional clusters,decon-structing professional connotations,reorganizing curriculum systems,etc.,in order to better build the ecological chain network of education in application-oriented colleges and universities,realize the deep integration of industry and education,train future-oriented interdisciplinary applied talents of new engineering,and realize the construction of characteristic professional cluster in application-oriented colleges.

Charting the Future of Nuclear Energy Roadmaps for Fission and Fusion Technologies

As the world faces increasing energy demands and concerns about climate change,nuclear power is experiencing a resurgence as a viable and sustainable energy source.This article explores the strategic initiatives concerning the advancement of nuclear technologies,highlighting the prompt adoption of SMRs(small modular reactors),the ongoing advancements in Generation IV reactors in the medium term,and the long-term aspirations linked to nuclear fusion.SMRs offer enhanced safety,economic viability,and flexible deployment alternatives,making them an attractive solution for meeting pressing energy demands.In the medium term,Generation IV reactors are anticipated to improve efficiency,sustainability,and safety,effectively tackling the challenges associated with conventional fission reactors.However,significant challenges lie ahead,including public perception,regulatory hurdles,financial barriers,and the need for a skilled workforce.By addressing these challenges,nuclear power can play a pivotal role in creating a sustainable and reliable energy future,contributing significantly to global efforts in climate change mitigation.

Survey on the Demand for Elderly Care Services of Community Residents in Beijing and Analysis of Influencing Factors

Objective: To investigate the current situation of the demand for geriatric care services of community residents in Beijing and analyze the influencing factors to provide a reference basis for meeting the demand for diversified and professional geriatric care services. Methods: A self-made questionnaire was used to randomly survey 1558 elderly individuals at community health service centers in 8 urban districts where elderly care centers were planned to be built. The influencing factors of the different characteristics of elderly care service needs from three aspects were analyzed using a dichotomous logistic regression model: predisposing, enabling, and, need factors. Results: 69.7% of the elderly required home care services, 22.8% wanted to get care services at elderly care centers, 15.9% wanted to get care services at nursing homes, 12.3% required community care services, and 7.4% didn’t know where to access care services. 68.5% of the elderly required care services for disabilities/semi-disabilities, 58.0% for dementia, 54.7% for common diseases, 34.9% for rehabilitation training, 33.0% for plumbing care, and 7.5% for hospice care. At the same time, there were urban- rural differences in the demand for elderly care services, with suburban elderly having a higher demand for care services than those living in urban areas (P < 0.05). The elderly’s demand for care services was mainly related to age, place of residence, and gender in the causative factors, mode of residence and physical condition among able factors, and mode of care services and care needs among need factors (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The demand for elderly care services was differentiated by factors including place of residence, age, and gender. It is crucial to accurately match the demand for elderly care services, innovate the mode of elderly care services, and improve the service quality to improve the elderly health service system.

Research on Mechanisms for University Connotation Construction and High-Quality Employment in the Context of New Quality Productivity

The introduction of the concept of new quality productivity has attracted a great deal of attention in the educational community.However,there is an urgent need to align it with policy orientation and advancements in science and technology moving forward.Colleges and universities themselves should be the leaders of advanced thinking and scientific and technological development,and play their due roles in line with the development of the times to provide quality and urgent talents and intellectual support.For this reason,this paper proposes that universities should consciously establish a set of regular operation mechanisms,namely,the linkage mechanism between“social demand”and“connotation construction,”and operate regularly under the guarantee of the system.This enables universities to lead or grasp the pulse of scientific and technological development,constantly improve the level of connotation construction,promote high-quality employment,and provide high-quality services for modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Theoretical Analysis of Consumers’Purchase Motivation in the Context of Environmental Protection

Through reviewing and summarizing the existing research on consumer motivation,and combining the characteristics of human behavior and the objective needs of environmental protection,this paper analyzes and defines consumers’purchase motivation.In the context of environmental protection,purchase motivation is divided into demand motivation,value recognition motivation,recognition motivation,and interest motivation.Their definitions are given in this paper,which provides a conceptual basis for further research on the influence of purchase motivation on consumer behavior in the context of environmental protection.

Study on the Alignment Between Talent Training Directions and Employment Market Demands in the Landscape Architecture Industry

Currently,talent training in Chinese universities for landscape architecture is mainly divided into three directions:“landscape planning and design,”“landscape construction management,”and“landscape plant planting and maintenance.”However,with the background of the slowing urbanization process and the widespread demand for composite talents in society,it remains to be verified whether the traditional three major talent training directions in landscape architecture align with the job demands in the current construction market.Based on a survey and analysis of over 300 industry practitioners,this study found a clear trend of merging the three major employment directions into“landscape design and construction”and“landscape plant planting and maintenance.”This presents new requirements and directions for the skill training of landscape architecture majors in universities and provides insights into the alignment between talent training and employment demands in other industries.

Research on Sports Public Service Supply in the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-City Economic Circle under the Background of Regional Economic Development

Using literature,questionnaires,interviews,and mathematical statistics to investigate the current situation of sports public services in the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-city Economic Circle.The results show that there are some problems in Chengdu-Chongqing sports public services,such as big difference in the development level of supply between urban and rural areas,low supply level,low efficiency,supply mechanism defect,lack of social sports instructors,an outstanding contradiction between the quality of sports public service and residents’demand.To address the problems,government departments should accelerate the transformation of government functions,improve the relevant regulations and systems,increase the investment in sports public services,improve the quality of supply,cultivate the backbone team,integrate resources,and combine the national characteristics with regional characteristics,take into account the personalized needs of the residents,combine the sports public services with intelligence,and build the service system of“Internet+Fitness.”

高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务

党的二十大报告提出以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴,形成对中国式现代化的系统性认知,强调高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。改革开放以来,在中国共产党的领导下,我国逐步摆脱观念桎梏和教条约束,坚持一切从国情出发,创造了人类文明新形态。经济全球化势不可挡,世界必然是和而不同的全球格局,不同文明形态、不同经济体制、不同行为方式共存形成人类命运共同体。这是中国式现代化的底层逻辑,体现了中国经济高质量发展的世界意义。从中国式现代化视角透视高质量发展的深刻叙事,有助于深刻诠释中国式现代化的核心意涵。

Development Strategies of Tea Culture Tourism in the Age of Experience Economy

Experience economy is the fourth development phase following the agrarian economy,the industrial economy and the service economy.In terms of tourist economy,travelling itself is a kind of experience activity,thus such an attribute determines that tourist products should satisfy the individualized needs of tourists.This study proposes that the theory of experience economy can be applied in the development of tea culture tourism to explore the functions of tea culture which could be experienced by tourists,such as leisure experience,health experience,culture experience and so on,and meanwhile,gives strategies of developing tea culture tourism in the age of experience economy.

Impact analysis of supplier relationship on supply chain resilience using biological cellular resilience theory

A supply chain resilience model is established based on the biological cellular resilience theory to analyze the impact of the supplier relationship on supply chain resilience. A scenario where the market demand is changed suddenly by some undesired events is considered. The results reveal that enhancing collaboration with a more resilient supplier can significantly improve supply chain resilience and reduce supply chain losses. It is also found that enhancing the supplier relationship can significantly benefit supply chain resilience if the collaborative intensity is relatively low, and it has less effect if supply chain members have already collaborated closely. Thus, enhancing the supplier relationship to a limited intensity is a relatively effective and economic method to strengthen supply chain resilience.

Forestland prediction of China based on forest ecosystem services for the first half of 21st century

A new model was developed to predict forestland demand of China during the years of 2010-2050 in terms of the concept of forest ecosystem services. On the basis of the relationship between forest ecosystem services and classified forest management, we hypothesized that the ecological-forest provides ecological services, whereas commercial-forest supplies wood and timber production, and the influences of the growth of population, social-economic development target, forest management methods and the technology changes on forest resources were also taken into account. The prediction reveals that the demand of total forestland of China will be 244.8, 261.2 and 362.2 million ha by the year 2010, 2020 and 2050, respectively. The results demonstrated that China will be confronted with a shortage of forest resources, especially with lack of ecological-oriented forests, in the future. It is suggested that sustainable management of forest resources must be reinforced and more attention should be drown no enhancing the service function of forest ecosystem.

Analysis on the Several Nutrient Elements Demanded for the Growth of Wolffia globosa

[Objective] This study was to analyze the several nutrient elements de- manded for the growth of Wolffia globosa with the aim to provide references for the improvement on the formula of nutrient solution for the cultivation of Wolffia globosa. [Method] The basic conditions of the pond were simulated in the greenhouse, and nutrient solution was added to cultivate Wolffia globosa. The main element composi- tions of the experimental water, wild water and dried Wolffia globosa were detected by inductively coupled plasma spectrometer （ICP） and element analyzer, in order to study the nutrient demand for Wolffia globosa growth. And the absorption of N, P, K and consumption of P for the growth of Wolffia globosa were also analyzed. [Re- suit] The Wolffia globosa biomass of the experimental group which cultivated by adding nutrient solution increased over time, and after 2 weeks, the average capacity was significantly more than initial capacity; and the average capacity of the control group without nutrient solution was significantly lower than initial capacity, indicating that the addition of nutrient solution has obvious effect on the growth of Wolffia glo- bosa. However, the biomass of the experimental group was no longer increase after 2 weeks, indicating that there are some inhibitory factors in the incubators of the experimental group. The element detection results were as follows： the content pro- portions of N, P and K were 3.8：1：2.8, 11.5：1：17 and 5.2：1：6.8 in the experimental water, wild water and drying Wolffia globosa, respectively. The N, P, K in the water of experimental group was not exhausted, while the contents of Ca and Zn in three experimental incubators were below the limit of detection （ND）. And the contents of Mn in incubators No.l-No.3 were ND, 0.05 and 0.38 mg/L, respectively, presenting positive correlation with the biomass of Wolffia globosa. The inhibitory growth of Wolffia globosa is closely related with the absence of Ca, Mn and Zn in the nutrient solution. [Conclusion] The experimental results provided valuable parameters for the improvement on the formula of the original nutrient solution.

泰尔(Theil)指数及其在中国的适用性检验——兼论收入分配与扩大内需

本文把衡量收入差距的泰尔指数引入消费模型,运用中国1992～2010年的相关数据对收入分配和有效需求之间的关系进行实证研究。结果显示:收入分配的变化会严重影响总消费规模和总消费倾向,收入分配差异会严重影响有效需求。收入分配差异和消费支出之间存在着反向的因果关系。内需不足已经成为制约中国经济发展的瓶颈,而由现行收入分配制度所带来的收入差距拉大,则是阻碍中国扩大内需战略实施及经济增长方式转变的根本因素。