Ethics of Human Resources Management in the Cameroonian Health System, Medical Nomadism and the Ineffectiveness of the Fight against High Blood Pressure

Context/objectives: The fight against Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is a long-term undertaking, which requires available, motivated and well-managed human resources (HR). The administrative management of skills on both qualitative and quantitative levels is one of the essential functions of a health system. To better implement policies of fight against High Blood Pressure (HBP) and other chronic diseases, it is important to establish strategies to retain health personnel. This loyalty requires favorable working conditions and consideration of the contribution-reward couple. Good working conditions are likely to reduce the phenomenon of medical nomadism;conversely, poor HR management can contribute to their exodus towards exotic “green pastures”, thus leading to an additional crisis in the Cameroonian health system. The fight against HBP is a complex, multifaceted and multifactorial reality that requires appropriate management model for all types of resources mainly HR. The main objective of this research is to show the impact of poor management of human resources in Cameroon health system on medical nomadism and the ineffectiveness of the fight against High Blood Pressure. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey among five hundred (500) health facilities in the center region of Cameroon has been conducted. A stratified probabilistic technique has been used, and the number of health facilities to be surveyed has been determined using the “sample size estimation table” of Depelteau. The physical questionnaires have been printed and then distributed to data collectors. After data collection, the latter were grouped during processing in Excel sheets. The Chi-square test was used for data with a qualitative value and that of Kolmogorov-Sminorf for data with a quantitative value to assess the normality and reliability of data. The Crochach’s Alpha reliability test allowed us to have a summary of the means and variances and then to search for intragroup correlations between variables. Descriptive analysis was possible with the XLSTAT 2016 software. Results: 43.60% of Health Facilities (HF) managers were unqualified. 82.20% of HF managers have staff in a situation of professional insecurity. They are mainly contractual (49.00), decision-making agents (24.40%), casual agents (08.80). The proportion of unstable personnel is average of 22.00% and very unstable, 12.00%.

Climate change adaptation approaches with nomadic culture characteristics in Inner Mongolia grassland in China

Climate change adaptation is an important part of addressing climate warming. Inner Mongolia grassland is a sensitive and vulnerable area of climate and an important region for adaptation to climate change. New climate change adaptation approaches with nomadic culture characteristics should be exploded in the context of climate warming. In this paper, the different utilization pattern of grassland in different regions, the different modes of production and management and historical culture were analyzed first in Nenjiang-West Liaohe plain and Ke'erqin region, Inner Mongolia Plateau and Ordos Plateau. Then, nomadic culture on the grassland was discussed from the productivity to biodiversity, from local livestock variety to resource-used system. Finally, new approaches of climate change adaptation with inheriting the essence of nomadic culture were proposed, including protecting biodiversity and using resources reasonably, performing a practice of grazing suspension-rotational grazing system,fencing degenerated grassland to facilitate its growth, founding new farming and husbandry system on the grassland, and establishing an incentive mechanism favorable to grassland and ethical cultural protection.

The Troyan Terrorism as an Established Order （Disciplina）, or the Nomadic Colonatus（Mission of Mith in the space of Sir Thomas More’s “Utopia”）

The Troyan horse served here as a sufficiently vivid picture to enter into the history conflicts of an archetypal symbol of treachery and robbery, a metaphor for domination, a monad of violence and its justification. The body of terrorism rests not on ideology/beliefs/religions-it is purely a practical idea, behind which there is only one thing： terra nova-the habitat. It is necessary to look for other reasons for the massacres and public executions of modern times, because no religion calls for open murder-only dogmatists armed with faith, craved crusaders hikes, and therefore cannot be recognized and accepted as responsible for the murder. This is the search for the guilty, but only the person is guilty-the fault is his area of responsibility. The Utopians of Thomas More, who revered Mithra, acted like him： like Greek gods, they interfered in human wars, descending from heaven, and restored justice by waging war beyond their state borders, as if protecting the inviolability of their territory and their laws, whose rejection, like, and encroachment on them, led to armed conflicts, the purpose of allowing them was the introduction of forced disciplina （established order）, sanctioned by Mithra himself. It is this identity that allows us to consider Utopia as an extended invective for the entire social order, regardless of time and place, and in particular the state as a paramilitary mechanism for the improvement of the human hostel, based on regulations that allow and, more often, provoke its violation, since destabilization is the driving force of existence. This polar involvement of Mithra in the war lies hidden in the very aporia of the world-war, which turns the god of treaties into the chthonic deity of destruction and murder.

Sero-Prevalence of Brucellosis among Nomadic Herdsmen, Abattoir and Livestock Workers in Niger-Delta Region, Nigeria

Brucellosis is a reemerging zoonotic disease that causes more than half a million infections to humans every year. The disease is common in most developing countries, the human mortality rate is about 2%, and the disease causes severe rheumatism, infertility in males, spontaneous abortion and also results in wastage of resources through prolonged treatment. Brucella organisms are also potential biological weapon which could be cheaper to produce but more devastating than chemical weapons. About 5 mililitres of blood was drawn from 228 subjects using sterile vacutainers and analyzed by using standard tube agglutination tests: (SAT3 160) and ELISA (IgG, IgM) kits specific for Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis antibodies. Semi structured questionnaire was administered to collect data. In the study, overall sero prevalence was 70 (30.8%). More male participated in the study with a frequency of 24.6% of whom 7.92% falls within the age group of 20 to 30, followed by 31 - 35 years with 5.72% and 3.52% within 36 - 45 years. Least affected were those in the age groups above 46 years (2.20%). Approximately, 21.54% of the subjects had formal education either at Quranic, primary and secondary or tertiary level. Majority acquired Quranic education (9.68%), 7.48% primary and 0.88% had tertiary training. A total of 21 (9.24%) never acquired any form of education. Headache, muscle aches, malaise, chills and fatigue were the most common clinical signs and symptoms experienced by about 30% among the participants. In the distribution of Brucella antibodies, ELISA diagnostic kits showed high sensitivity with the prevalence rate of 18.04% (n = 41) followed by SAT 12.76% (n = 29). The sensitivity and specificity of RDPT kits were 37 % and 69%, with a positive and negative predictive value of 18% and 86% respectively. Unprocessed milk from the market and consumption of unboiled milk were associated with brucellosis. Therefore, patients with brucellosis should be treated to prevent the devastating effect of the disease and the accompanying sequelae, public health education programs should explain modes of transmission and Brucella febrile diagnostic kit should be used at the health facilities.

Nomadic Features of Traditional Mongolian Furniture

Traditional Mongolian furniture is one of the necessities of Mongolian traditional furniture.In the vast Mongolian Plateau, natural grasslands and primary forests determine the nomadic life of Mongolians, Mongolian yurt is their main residence. The above conditions contribute to the types and nomadic features of traditional Mongolian furniture. Most traditional Mongolian furniture has a box-like structure, and the nomadic features are reflected in the following aspects: made of local materials; small size for the application in Mongolian yurt; demountable and foldable for the convenience of transportation,because Mongolians have to move to different grasslands for grazing; the furniture parts is bulky for frequent transportation; and colored drawing and carved furniture enrich the life color.

Taboos of Tibetan Nomadic Tribes

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A Day in a Tibetan Nomadic Village

Yagla is the biggest nomadic village I have seen in northern Tibet.It lies in Sog County,about one kilometer away from the downtown of Sog. This village is situated on flat terrain by the mountainside,adjacent to Sogchu River.A suspension bridge links the two river banks and further extends into abundant grazing lands skirted with flourishing grass and spotted by countless flocks of yaks,goats,

情系高原梦绕江河——访著名生态学家洛桑·灵智多杰

人与自然的和谐共生是中国式现代化的五大特征之一,青藏高原是我国重要的生态安全屏障,在中国式现代化建设中占有极其重要的地位。洛桑·灵智多杰先生是享誉我国藏学界和生态学界的知名学者,长期专注于青藏高原的生态学研究以及环境保护行动,同时也成功策划并主持了“青藏高原的环境与发展”和“青藏高原环境与山水文化”两个重大课题,主持编纂出版了一系列青藏高原生态研究的高水平学术专著。“绿水青山就是金山银山”,洛桑·灵智多杰先生认为,维护青藏高原的生态平衡对于人类的进步和成长具有重大的影响。世代居住在青藏高原的游牧民,在长期的生活实践中形成了一整套尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态价值观念和传统智慧,这对当今青藏高原生态环境的保护具有极其珍贵的价值。文章围绕洛桑·灵智多杰先生的学术经历、成就、贡献等对其进行了专访。

北方草原游牧民族传统家具造物及多元文化探析

北方草原传统家具造物根植于特有的游牧文化土壤,具有强烈的地域特征,折射出游牧民族独特的民俗文化、审美偏好与信仰观念,并因展示多元文化融合的演进历程而具研究价值。文章通过实物、图像及文献资料对其进行历史溯源与演化梳理;以其所处的建筑空间与文化场域为视角,解读毡庐场域、府衙场域及寺庙场域所用家具在功能性质、工艺构造及装饰技艺等方面的造物特征;结合北方草原自然地理环境与人文社会变迁,分析与探讨传统家具造物中多元文化的互动与共存;亦可佐证北方草原游牧民族传统家具不仅是游牧文化本身影响使然,也是该地区跨地域多元文化交融与跨文化多元信仰共存的结果。

秦唐间盗罪的变迁:游牧法因素介入下的连续性

中原农耕区的盗罪具有多维性,在“狭义”盗罪外,还有特殊物之盗、特殊主体之盗、特殊手段之盗等。对狭义盗罪,要计赃定罪,实行“实刑主义”,不处死刑。相反,财产性是游牧族群法主要甚至唯一的维度,重财轻人,盗罪至死是草原盗罪的一大特征。在一般情况下,游牧群族法实行“赔偿主义”。盗罪的维度主要由文明类型所决定。秦唐间盗罪的连续性,是在游牧族群法因素介入下的“连续性”。《唐律》规定的倍备制度是游牧法传统在汉地“文明化”的结果。包括盗罪在内的中华法治文明的连续性,乃是游牧文化因素介入下的连续性。农、牧互动以及在这种互动过程中从多元凝聚为一体,是这种连续性背后的秘密。

数字游民:追求工作和休闲的全面自由

数字游民群体主要由年轻的专业人士组成,他们从事线上工作并将旅行融入日常生活。这种生活方式打破了传统的居住和工作地点的限制,工作、休闲和旅行之间的界限也随之变得模糊。本文旨在界定“数字游民”这一概念,探讨该群体选择数字游牧的动机,以及如何将这些动机付诸实践。数字游民追求一种以全面自由为特征的整体性生活方式,力图实现职业自由、空间自由和个人自由。在理想状态下,他们将工作看作是一种源自内部动机的活动,它并不比休闲低等,更不仅仅是一种个人不得不履行的责任。同时,尽管休闲(包括旅行)是这种生活方式给人以积极体验的重要来源,它也带来了不少挑战,因此本质上还是一种不同形态的工作。

基于NOMAD模型的交通枢纽行人仿真研究

在分析交通枢纽内行人交通特性的基础上,探讨了基于社会力原理的NOMAD模型的分层结构、输入条件以及模型构建思路,指出其非常适于进行交通枢纽内行人行为微观仿真以及行人设施评价.根据交通调查数据对NOMAD行人仿真模型的参数进行了标定,利用标定后的NOMAD模型对复兴门换乘枢纽建立仿真模型,分析了该枢纽的性能特点,获得了与换乘系统相关的量化参数,通过仿真数据与观测数据的对比分析可知,利用NOMAD模型能很好地模拟所研究的换乘枢纽内行人换乘行为特性,模型模拟结果与实际观测数据之间的相对误差均在10%以内,验证了NOMAD模型应用于交通枢纽行人仿真的有效性.

定居政策对沙特贝都因人的影响——基于“游牧—定居”连续统视角

对游牧社会变迁研究多限于“传统与现代”“定居前与定居后”的二元论范式,忽略了社会变迁本质上的一个动态过程。基于“游牧—定居”连续统视角探究,可以清晰地发现,国家定居政策对贝都因游牧社会变迁的重要影响。沙特政府通过直接或间接的定居政策使得原本自给自足的贝都因部落向民族国家转型。在沙特政府的直接干预和现代化社会进程的合力作用下,贝都因游牧体系、生计和生活方式逐步瓦解,成员之间产生了新的社会关系,部族关系逐渐淡化。贝都因人经历了一系列有序的社会演变和定居后的再社会化过程,完成了由从事单一的农牧业向从事多元化职业的转变,形成了多元社会结构。

自由陷阱:数字游民和管理“工作—休闲”边界的纪律实践

大多数数字游民追求一种普遍的自由、自主和自决,想象着“超移动自由”以及工作和休闲融合的生活方式与未来。不过本文发现,在实践中,数字游民的工作和生活需要高度的纪律约束,包括外部纪律和自我纪律。一方面,数字游民需要比其他依赖特定地点的劳动者更加自律,甚至要比以往的自我更加自律。另一方面,他们还需要把自我纪律实践与外部规定的纪律相结合,后者由工作空间、基础设施、设备、时间规则、应用程序和流程规定和产生。由此可见,数字游民追求的自由,实际上是一种依靠高效的时间利用建立起来的特定类型的自由,即一种“有纪律的自由”。如果他们想要在工作和生活之间找到平衡,或者在日常生活中体验自我决定的控制和自由感,那就必须接受各种形式的纪律。数字游民可能最初试图实现一种主观的自由形式,成功地将工作、休闲和旅行融合在一起,但最后这种自由还是必须受到纪律的控制。

主体·时间·空间:新媒介文艺生成性研究

为进一步揭示新媒介文艺生产的深层媒介逻辑及社会历史语境,新媒介文艺生成性研究引入德勒兹的“生成”理论,通过将“生成”作为新媒介文艺的技术意向,开展对构成新媒介文艺生产域中作为基础锚点的主体、时间、空间的生成性探索。新媒介文艺生成性研究发现:新媒介的内在生成性偏向,使新媒介文艺生产域中的主体生成为人机间性主体,形成人机协作式生产;使时间生成为结晶化的星丛时间,引发时间生产力的增强、中间时间的开发、时间深度意识的退场;使游牧空间通过对物理空间的征服、差异空间的生产以及异质空间的创造实现空间生产力的增殖,为跨媒介叙事提供实践场所。

面向共享单车调配的带约束游牧算法研究

共享单车调配是优化城市交通资源配置的重要手段,但目前的最优路径调配方法往往对单车系统规模敏感。为此,研究一种分时段、区域间调配的共享单车投放方法,提出了带约束的游牧算法(nomad algorithm with constraints,NCA)求解调配模型的最优解。将单车调配问题建模为以单车流量为约束、以最小化运营损耗为目标的优化问题;提出求解上述模型的NCA算法,预测投放区域单车存量和区域间转移量,相比无约束的原游牧算法,改进了局部搜索和全局寻优策略,优化了部落初定位方法;基于预测的存量和转移量得出分时段区域间单车的调配方案。在上海和纽约相关数据集上的对比实验结果表明,运行时长约为其他方法的15%,租赁需求响应率高于分支定界算法0.15%,单车总数和运营损耗比遗传算法降低了约10%,验证了该方法具有更高的优化效率和用户需求响应率。

“游牧”元素在咖啡文创产品中的应用研究

聚焦内蒙古地域文化,通过研究“游牧”元素在咖啡文创产品中的设计原则、提取与应用、应用实例和价值意蕴,实现对文化的传承、开发和保护,推动文化创意产业成为区域经济发展的新引擎。为消费者带来新颖的体验,为相关产业带来新的发展机遇和市场空间。

中国式现代化视域下北方游牧民族弓马文化的传承价值研究

北方游牧民族的弓马文化是中华民族优秀的传统体育文化,它在社会的发展与民族的融合中体现了重要价值。该文以北方游牧民族的弓马文化为研究对象,采用了文献研究法和逻辑分析法,对北方游牧民族弓马文化的起源与演进展开深入挖掘,并剖析其在新时代背景下的传承价值,有利于拓宽文化根基、巩固文化主体和推进文化建设,从而为中国式现代化视域下北方游牧民族弓马文化的传承路径研究提供思考与帮助。

The relationship between interannual dry/wet changes and nomadic wars in the Hexi Corridor region of China during the period 241–1912 A.D.

The link between climate and war has long been a topic of great scientific and social interest.In this study,we investigate the influence of climate on warfare in China’s Hexi Corridor region since 241 A.D.Using the superposed epoch analysis of tree-ring data and historical war data,we observe a notable correlation between interannual dry-wet variations and wars instigated by nomadic groups in the Hexi Corridor.However,this relationship is dynamic and influenced by the region’s relative unity.During periods in which the Hexi Corridor was ruled by multiple regimes,wars tended to follow dry climatic conditions,which may be due to the fact that unusual drought during these periods likely heightened competition for resources and land.Conversely,during times of regional unity,wars were more likely to occur when climatic conditions were wet because the expansion of rangelands and the accumulation of resources helped fuel the nomads’outward conquest.These findings underscore the complexity of the relationship between war and climate change.To gain a more comprehensive understanding of this relationship,continuous,high-resolution historical temperature and humidity datasets with broader and more uniform coverage are needed across multiple regions.In addition,collecting and examining disaggregated historical war data for regions with distinct characteristics is essential.

北方游牧民族弓马文化铸牢中华民族共同体意识的实践路径

我国北方游牧民族是中华民族共同体的重要组成部分,其弓马文化见证了各民族的交往、交流、交融,在铸牢中华民族共同体意识建设中发挥了不可替代的作用。该文以北方游牧民族的弓马文化为研究对象,运用文献研究法、逻辑分析法对北方游牧民族弓马文化的时代价值进行深入挖掘,并分析其传承的导向,从而提出新的科学发展路径,助力铸牢中华民族共同体意识的建设。研究发现,北方游牧民族的弓马文化在日常生活、军事、民族融合、相关产业发展中具有重要价值,在传承中需增强北方游牧民族弓马文化的自觉、认同、自信。建议深挖弓马文化资源,推进弓马文化申遗;以打造北疆文化为抓手,推动区域经济发展;举办区域性赛事活动,加强弓马文化交流;培育和践行社会主义核心价值观;构建自媒体多元化传播服务体系;积极开展弓马文化学术研究,进一步使北方游牧民族的弓马文化在铸牢中华民族共同体意识建设中贡献重要力量。