Isopycnal analyses were performed on the Global Ocean Data Assimilation System （GODAS） to determine the oceanic processes leading to so-called second-year cooling of the La Nina event.In 2010-12,a horseshoe-like pat...Isopycnal analyses were performed on the Global Ocean Data Assimilation System （GODAS） to determine the oceanic processes leading to so-called second-year cooling of the La Nina event.In 2010-12,a horseshoe-like pattern was seen,connecting negative temperature anomalies off and on the Equator,with a dominant influence from the South Pacific.During the 2010 La Nina event,warm waters piled up at subsurface depths in the western tropical Pacific.Beginning in early 2011,these warm subsurface anomalies propagated along the Equator toward the eastern basin,acting to reverse the sign of sea surface temperature （SST） anomalies （SSTAs） there and initiate a warm SSTA.However,throughout early 2011,pronounced negative anomalies persisted off the Equator in the subsurface depths of the South Pacific.As isopycnal surfaces outcropped in the central equatorial Pacific,negative anomalies from the subsurface spread upward along with mean circulation pathways,naturally initializing a cold SSTA.In the summer,a cold SSTA reappeared in the central basin,which subsequently strengthened due to the off-equatorial effects mostly in the South Pacific.These SSTAs acted to initiate local coupled air-sea interactions,generating atmospheric-oceanic anomalies that developed and evolved with the second-year cooling in the fall of 2011.However,the cooling tendency in mid-2012 did not develop into another La Nina event,since the cold anomalies in the South Pacific were not strong enough.An analysis of the 2007-09 La Nina event revealed similar processes to the 2010-12 La Nina event.展开更多
Three-year investigation was conducted to demonstrate the mechanism of reduction of soybean yield aroused by continuous and every second year cropping. Compared to normal cropping, there are many unfavorable changes i...Three-year investigation was conducted to demonstrate the mechanism of reduction of soybean yield aroused by continuous and every second year cropping. Compared to normal cropping, there are many unfavorable changes in some major elements of soybean plant and soil environment. Chloropyll content was lower. Phosphorous content of soybean plant was decreased seriously. Potassium content was lower while calcium content was higher. Magnesium content was wot affected and decreased in susceptive varieties. Some deseases and insects of soybean under continuous and wery second year cropping conditions became serious as continuous years prolonged. Organic matter content tended to go down from normal rotation to continuous cropping. Amount of bacteria and antinomyces decreased while amount of fungi increased. The development of symbiotic nitrogen fixation system wsa deteriorated.展开更多
Italy will host the 17th edition of ITMA, the world’s largest exhibition of textile machinery.It will be held at the Fiera Milano Rhoexhibition centre in Milan,from 12 to 19 November 2015.
Long-term outcome data in pancreatic adenocarcinoma are predominantly based on surgical series, as resection is currently considered essential for longterm survival. In contrast, five-year survival in nonresected pati...Long-term outcome data in pancreatic adenocarcinoma are predominantly based on surgical series, as resection is currently considered essential for longterm survival. In contrast, five-year survival in nonresected patients has rarely been reported. In this report, we examined the incidence and natural history of ≥ 5-year survivors with non-resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma. All patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who received oncologic therapy alone without surgery at our institution between 1995 and 2009 were identified. Non-resected ≥ 5-year survivors represented 2%(11/544) of all non-resected patients undergoing treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and 11%(11/98) of ≥ 5-year survivors. Nine patients had localized tumor and 2 metastatic disease at initial diagnosis. Disease progression occurred in 6 patients, and the local tumor bed was the most common site of progression. Six patients suffered from significant morbidities including recurrent cholangitis, second malignancy, malnutrition and bowel perforation. A rare subset of patients with pancreatic cancer achieve longterm survival without resection. Despite prolonged survival, morbidities unrelated to the primary cancer were frequently encountered and a close follow-up is warranted in these patients. Factors such as tumor biology and host immunity may play a key role in disease progression and survival.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40906014)the Ocean Public Welfare Scientific Research Project (Grant No. 201205018-2)+4 种基金the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2010CB950302)the China Scholarship Council (CSC)supported partly by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Grant No. ATM0727668)NASA (Grant No. NNX08AI74G)the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (Grant No. NA08OAR4310885)
文摘Isopycnal analyses were performed on the Global Ocean Data Assimilation System （GODAS） to determine the oceanic processes leading to so-called second-year cooling of the La Nina event.In 2010-12,a horseshoe-like pattern was seen,connecting negative temperature anomalies off and on the Equator,with a dominant influence from the South Pacific.During the 2010 La Nina event,warm waters piled up at subsurface depths in the western tropical Pacific.Beginning in early 2011,these warm subsurface anomalies propagated along the Equator toward the eastern basin,acting to reverse the sign of sea surface temperature （SST） anomalies （SSTAs） there and initiate a warm SSTA.However,throughout early 2011,pronounced negative anomalies persisted off the Equator in the subsurface depths of the South Pacific.As isopycnal surfaces outcropped in the central equatorial Pacific,negative anomalies from the subsurface spread upward along with mean circulation pathways,naturally initializing a cold SSTA.In the summer,a cold SSTA reappeared in the central basin,which subsequently strengthened due to the off-equatorial effects mostly in the South Pacific.These SSTAs acted to initiate local coupled air-sea interactions,generating atmospheric-oceanic anomalies that developed and evolved with the second-year cooling in the fall of 2011.However,the cooling tendency in mid-2012 did not develop into another La Nina event,since the cold anomalies in the South Pacific were not strong enough.An analysis of the 2007-09 La Nina event revealed similar processes to the 2010-12 La Nina event.
文摘Three-year investigation was conducted to demonstrate the mechanism of reduction of soybean yield aroused by continuous and every second year cropping. Compared to normal cropping, there are many unfavorable changes in some major elements of soybean plant and soil environment. Chloropyll content was lower. Phosphorous content of soybean plant was decreased seriously. Potassium content was lower while calcium content was higher. Magnesium content was wot affected and decreased in susceptive varieties. Some deseases and insects of soybean under continuous and wery second year cropping conditions became serious as continuous years prolonged. Organic matter content tended to go down from normal rotation to continuous cropping. Amount of bacteria and antinomyces decreased while amount of fungi increased. The development of symbiotic nitrogen fixation system wsa deteriorated.
文摘Italy will host the 17th edition of ITMA, the world’s largest exhibition of textile machinery.It will be held at the Fiera Milano Rhoexhibition centre in Milan,from 12 to 19 November 2015.
文摘Long-term outcome data in pancreatic adenocarcinoma are predominantly based on surgical series, as resection is currently considered essential for longterm survival. In contrast, five-year survival in nonresected patients has rarely been reported. In this report, we examined the incidence and natural history of ≥ 5-year survivors with non-resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma. All patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who received oncologic therapy alone without surgery at our institution between 1995 and 2009 were identified. Non-resected ≥ 5-year survivors represented 2%(11/544) of all non-resected patients undergoing treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and 11%(11/98) of ≥ 5-year survivors. Nine patients had localized tumor and 2 metastatic disease at initial diagnosis. Disease progression occurred in 6 patients, and the local tumor bed was the most common site of progression. Six patients suffered from significant morbidities including recurrent cholangitis, second malignancy, malnutrition and bowel perforation. A rare subset of patients with pancreatic cancer achieve longterm survival without resection. Despite prolonged survival, morbidities unrelated to the primary cancer were frequently encountered and a close follow-up is warranted in these patients. Factors such as tumor biology and host immunity may play a key role in disease progression and survival.
