Study on the Factors of Kunming Temple Garden in the Period of Ming and Qing Dynasties

Being based on preliminary study of Kunming famous temples during the Ming and Qing dynasties,field investigation was carried out about the framework of landscape,layout of waters,characteristic of structure and plant furnishing in Tanhua temple,Black Dragon Pool,Masijid of Shuncheng,Haiyuan temple and Golden Shrine which are famous temple garden in Kunming. A simple interpretation was drawn of artistic characteristics on temple garden in Kunming during the Ming and Qing dynasties via analytical investigation on many factors which influenced the development of garden of Dynasties of Ming and Qing. Then we have reviewed the elemental traits of temple garden built at that time,put forward some constructive suggestions on how to protect and develop those temple garden now still exist in Kunming.

Social Classes and Cultural Connotations of Yangzhou Home Gardens during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

During the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China(1870-1930),the social classes in Yangzhou were basically dominated by officials,businessmen,and scholars.In the building number,scale,and functional evolution of their home gardens,these three classes were different,reflecting abundant connotation of characteristic of the time and regional culture,revealing the inheritance path of Yangzhou culture,as well as the richness and diversity of home gardens in Yangzhou during the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China.

Politicizing the queue： The social, political and cultural symbolism of hair in Qing dynasty and young republican China

The human body, such as hair, serves as a prism through which historical and cultural contexts are effectively refracted. Despite its historical and cultural significance, the role of hair, however, remains curiously a marginalized subject among the renewed interests on the body in the academic fields. In this paper, the author attempts to politicize the queue from 3 perspectives： maintaining a certain prescribed hairstyle is a top-down gesture to construct national conformity; the boundary between Manchu and Han is invoked and reinvented through the battles surrounding the queue politic in late Qing and early Republic; the widespread debate between keeping the queue and cutting the queue at the turn of the 20th century epitomizes the haunting rhetoric of traditionalism and modernism pursuit of modernity in China.

CHINESE LADY'S DAILY WEAR IN LATE QING DYNASTY AND EARLY REPUBLIC PERIOD

The goal of this research is to describe and analyze women’s wear in the late Qing Dynasty andearly Republic Period(late 19th c.—early 20th c.),with an emphasis on the daily informal orsemi-formal wear,though some formal or ceremonial costumes such as wedding dress will also beincluded.This study will use Chinese costumes and textiles from many museums to fill in theblanks left by previous research and to give a more detailed and accurate description.It will alsouse historical documents to find the original names of these items and to illustrate a general conceptof their usage on different occasions.The different categories of women’s wear will be described in the following order:①robes orcoats;②jackets;③waistcoats or vests;④skirts;⑤pants and leggings;⑥shoes and socks;⑦headdresses;and⑧others.Of every category,the textiles,decoration,cut,form,style,colourand motif will be discussed.The way in which these items were combined will also be discussed.The comparison between women’s wear and men’s wear,women’s and children’s informal andformal dress will be given.Here are some tentative conclusions.First,the Manchu and Han style coexisted and mixedwith each other and were worn by both Manchu and Han women.Second,the basic silhouettesand cuts were relatively stable and conventional,while the decorations and details(openings,fasten-ings,pleats,vents,collars and hemlines)were different.The former represented accepted socialstandards while the latter could be a matter of personal taste.Third,women’s wear in that periodwere highly stylized,miscellaneous,elaborate,detailed,multicolored and multi-thematic.

An Elementary Study of the Unearthed Mathematics Book, Suanshu Shu

The transcription of the Suanshu Shu算數書(a bamboo book of mathematics)in simplified Chinese characters offers a new opportunity to explore the history of Chinese mathematics in ancient times.This paper analyzes the style and structure of the Suanshu Shu and makes comparisons with the Nine Chapters on Mathematical Procedures and a number of other texts in various social contexts.It will be shown that the Suanshu Shu was compiled from at least two sources,and that no direct textual interplay exists between the Suanshu Shu and the Nine Chapters,although both share the same origins in the Pre-Qin period when the major mathematical methods in the Nine Chapters came into being.It will also be shown that the Suanshu Shu was accomplished with the methods used in certain mathematical books in the Pre-Qin period or their results,which later led to the Nine Chapters,and by accommodating the actual conditions of the lower government administration.The Suanshu Shu is significant for establishing the evolution of algorithmic mathematics from the Warring States period to the Han dynasty.

Preliminary Analysis of Tectonic Deformation Phenomena in Some Archaeological Sites in Shandong Province

Earthquake archaeological research was conducted in recent years at four archaeological excavation sites in Shandong,focusing on the identification and analysis of the tectonic deformation phenomena. The non-tectonic deformation phenomena were distinguished at the site of the Shang Dynasty ruins at Daxinzhuang in the Jinan suburbs. In Longshan,sand vein-filled cracks were recognized in the cultural layers of the Chengziya site,Zhangqiu City. Sand veins on the trench wall and sand tubes at the trench bottom were found densely distributed at the Shang and Zhou Dynasty cultural layers,at Qinhuangtai site,Binzhou City. The tectonic and non-tectonic origin cracks were identified on the city wall of the Site of Capital of State Qi,Linzi City. In Rizhao city,parallel distributed sand vein fracture groups were found in the cultural layer of Longshan-Warring States-Han Dynasty at Yaowangcheng site. Typical conjugate shear fractures were identified on the city wall of the ancient city of the State of Xue, Tengzhou City. The above natural deformation phenomena are concentrated in the culture layers of the Spring and AutumnWarring States-Han Dynasties and before, and characterized by seismic sand-soil liquefaction traces,which indicate that these regions might have been in the seismic active episodes in the corresponding periods. The above inference has been confirmed by microscopic data analysis.

“Macrohistory” and “Microhistory” in the writing of library history: From the perspective of library archives in the periods of late Qing Dynasty and Republican of China

Research paradigms determine the ways the history is written and the consequent research products.By analyzing the present historiography paradigms in library history,their characteristics and limitations,this study proposes new paradigms based on library archives in the periods of Late Qing Dynasty and Republican China.

晚清民国常武地区针灸医家挖掘和整理

晚清至民国时期,在常武地区,以费、马、巢、丁为代表的孟河医派,在中医的发展史上留下过浓墨重彩的一笔,这四大医家均是以内外科而闻名于世。在同时期,常武地区同样走出了很多著名的针灸医家。文章通过整理和发掘,回溯常武地区走出的针灸医家的故事,研究其对针灸发展的主要贡献,丰富常武地区针灸学术史。

“士大夫之学”视野下的曾国藩“奇偶互用”说

曾国藩在奠定“士大夫之学”学术规模的过程中,根植《易传·系辞》的宇宙观和张载的辩证观,依据韩愈“孔墨相用”说而提出“奇偶互用”说。相较清中叶以来“奇偶相生”“奇偶相杂迭用”“骈散相成”“奇偶相间”“奇偶相参错综”等说,“奇偶互用”说确立“奇”为本位、以“奇”兼“偶”的体用关系,主要从行气运辞、天授人事的角度记述奇偶,重塑韩愈古文在学术分途中的连接作用与在文体演变中的典范价值。该说完善并发展了姚鼐“文分阴阳”说,试图纠正桐城理论阴阳分判、偏于阳刚,而创作失之阴柔的流弊。曾国藩大胆接受富有争议的“孔墨相用”说,体现了其在晚清大变局中,借助韩愈归本经子、博学于文的“大贤君子之道”,复兴修己治人、经世致用的大人之学的淑世情怀。

河南禹州阎寨遗址新莽时期墓葬发掘简报

2018年,河南大学历史文化学院在禹州市阎寨遗址发掘汉代墓葬6座。其中,M5和M7两座新莽时期墓葬形制较为特殊,所见随葬品组合及葬俗特征鲜明,双墓室四人合葬、海蓝宝石珠等在河南地区尚不多见,为了解新莽时期豫中地区的葬俗与社会增加了新的实物资料。

论清末民初博览会事业中的民族主义

清末民初博览会事业蕴涵了丰富的民族主义。它产生的外部因素是西方“先进”所形成的“榜样”力量,以及西方帝国的霸权行径和经济侵略,内部因素是中国自身的落后,以及中国人所具有的“经世忧国”传统精神。它产生的路径基本是:先进的西方列强,对落后中国进行经济侵略,导致中国利权外溢,产生严重民族危机,具有“经世忧国”精神的中国人奋发图强,既积极学习西方,仿行西法,又反省自身落后,积极展开竞争,谋求改良、发展,其中,蕴涵了忧患、危机、反省意识及竞争、发展观念,最终目的是实现民族国家独立富强。这样的民族主义具有追赶性、内向性、开放性特征,且主要体现在经济层面,虽有过急追求发展的一面,但其价值目标及立足自身的方法取向是理性的。

洛阳民间神庙临时戏台考述——以清至民国时期碑刻文献为考察中心

作为戏曲的演出场所,戏台有固定戏台和临时戏台之分,两者长期并存。由于缺少实物证明和文献记载,目前学界对于临时戏台的研究没有引起足够的重视。以清至民国时期碑刻文献为考察中心,洛阳民间神庙搭建临时戏台之风持续存在,其因循民间神庙不同的地形地势需求而搭建以降低成本,其作为固定戏台的有益补充,临时戏台发挥着娱乐、社会教化以及文化传承的功能和作用。

从清宫内务府汉文奏销档看织染局种种

文章基于中国第一历史档案馆藏内务府汉文奏销档中关于织染局的七份档案,通过梳理乾隆和嘉庆年间内织染局设置及所辖人、财、物变更等重要事项,分析了清朝中期织染局的沿革历史、人员构成和分工、所用物料、织造品类和使用去向等种种问题,阐明了织染局作为清代官营织造机构之一的特殊性质和使命,以及与江南三织造的联系和区别。织染局作为清代唯一一处位于京内的官营织造机构,其用丝主要来自江南三织造的供应,在匠役的来源上也与江南地区有着密切联系。由于地理条件及生产规模所限,织染局所产丝织原料质量、生产规模和产品类别均不能与三织造相比。但是作为随传随办的织造机构,织染局能够灵活应变,满足上用和内用的临时需求,因此在清代官营织造机构中具有特殊地位。而且,自乾隆十七年(公元1752年)织染局迁入万寿山演化为耕织图后,不仅通过精简人员和技艺优化来扩大生产品类和提高产品质量,更与皇帝倡导农桑的政策紧密结合,逐渐形成兼具实际生产意义和政策示范性的场所,同时也满足了皇帝对江南田园生活的向往,成为承载官营生产织造和皇帝人文思想的理想机构。

晚清民国报刊《滕王阁序》拟作考论

晚清民国时期,中国效仿西法兴办报刊,不但刊发时评政论、世界大事、商业广告,也刊载文人创作的旧体文学。骈文也有不少篇目见刊,但大都不是原创,而是对经典篇目的模拟和戏仿。其中仿王勃《滕王阁序》的拟作最具代表性,虽然这些拟作在艺术上未有突破和创新,但其书写新的时代,关注新的题旨,批判不良现象,对传统旧体文学的表达空间有所拓展,具有较高的社会认识价值和文献史料意义。

中原地区战国至西汉墓葬出土陶釜研究

本文通过系统聚类分析方法,对中原地区战国至西汉墓葬出土的陶釜进行了类型学研究,认为战国中期陶釜以一种特殊葬俗的形式出现在郑州地区,战国晚期开始陶釜迅速发展,分布范围变广,数量和类型明显增多,包含有郑韩文化、晋文化和秦文化三大系统。进入汉代,陶釜数量急剧减少,类型单一。陶釜在中原地区的发展历程与秦文化有密切的关系。

明清之际文化转型中的经世实学——兼谈《虚实之辨:颜元的问题意识及其哲学展开》一书的新探索

17世纪中叶,亦即通常所说的明清之际,中国思想文化史上出现了顾炎武、黄宗羲、王夫之、方以智、李颙、傅山、颜元等一大批极富批判个性的思想家。他们对中国古代后期封建宗法社会君权政治及其思想意识形态进行了总体性的批判与重构,开启了封建文化内部的自我批判与时代转型。颜元实学思想是这一时期思想文化史上的一枝奇葩。

清代满汉关系研究综述

清朝统治268年,满汉关系始终是影响社会发展进程的一条重要线索。这一线索的演变,不仅在很大程度上决定了清朝的兴衰,而且对近代中国的走向产生了深远影响。本着详近略远的原则,本文将海内外研究分为四个部分加以综述。第一部分是基础研究,梳理研究史发展的基本脉络;第二部分至第四部分包括三个主题:清入关前的满汉关系研究、以八旗制度为中心的满汉关系研究、鸦片战争至辛亥时期的满汉关系研究,附带介绍民国时期满汉关系研究。为推进这项研究,结语从研究时段、研究内容、研究方法、研究视野、史料挖掘、概念澄清等六个方面略陈己见。

易代之际文学研究的新成果--评张兵等著《明清之际:诗人心态与诗歌走向》

探究明清之际的诗人心态与诗歌走向,具有重要的学术价值和理论意义。张兵教授等撰著的《明清之际:诗人心态与诗歌走向》一书高度关注易代之际的文人心态与文学生态,有力推动了学界对易代之际诗歌研究乃至明清文学研究的进展。该书在时段定位、选题角度、研究方法等方面特征明显,值得关注。该书在邓之诚、严迪昌等前辈学者的启示下,吸取和借鉴学界相关研究成果,聚焦明清之际这一特殊历史时段的诗人心态与诗歌走向,既能与学界研究该问题的热度相吻合,又具有鲜明的前沿意识,且能因时间定位的准确具体而使研究内容细致深入。书中聚焦具体的历史事实和诗歌文本,深入细致地探究了诗人心态的变化如何严重影响了诗歌创作和诗风走向。本书采用文艺生态学等研究方法,将明清之际的诗坛看作一个相互影响和制约的生态系统,关注历史事件、文学社团、诗人群体、诗歌创作、诗学批评等要素,在具体研究中又能将宏观和微观、群体和个案结合起来,进而凸显鲜明的问题意识。

《全清词·嘉道卷》辑补47首

今从总集、别集、诗话、曲本、地方志、书画录等文献中,辑得《全清词·嘉道卷》未收之作品47首,既有《嘉道卷》已收作者的佚作,也有《嘉道卷》未及收录的作者及词作,涉及归懋仪、改琦、黄安涛、马锦、周叙、黄本敏、黄浚、麟桂、吴镐等29位作者。凡新增的作者,略考其姓氏、字号、里籍、科第、仕历、著述及其他事迹。

鄂省报刊与清末农业改良运动的兴起——以《湖北学生界》《汉口中西报》和《湖北农会报》为中心的考察

在清末传统农业日益凋敝的背景下,《湖北学生界》《汉口中西报》和《湖北农会报》凭借特点鲜明的农业改良话语,成为鄂省颇具代表性的报刊。它们关注时代变革,通过多维度的宣传,引导国人投身农业改良。为了推动农业改良的合理施行,报刊大胆探索,提出各种有利于农业发展的新策略。针对农业改良中的现实问题或不足之处,报刊还提出了富有建设性的意见。另外,通过对近代农学理论和农业实用技术的传播,增强了国人改良农业的信心和能力。鄂省报刊的舆论宣传,有力地推动了清末农业改良运动的兴起。